1423:(NYHC scene): In 1985, I started hearing a new word: Moshing. It was a Metal word from Billy Milano and Scott Ian of S.O.D., and was a new term for a similar thing I knew as slamdancing in the Punk world. Some of the Metal kids showing up at the Hardcore shows didn't understand the nuances of the scene. They saw kids banging into each other and just joined in. So some of the Hardcore crew didn't like the Metal crowd at "their" shows. You took your life in your hands if you were one of the lone longhairs at a CBGB's matinee. That's when things got rough, and the violence really messed things up. People lost focus. It used to be about the bands and the music. It started one way and ended another"
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slamdancing. If a mosher swings only one arm, the non-swinging arm is kept ready to provide some guard against collisions with other moshers. The dancers often stand in a stationary position while performing these moves, but sometimes they run into other people inside and on the edge of the pit. To do so, dancers generally just move to where there are other dancers clustered and colliding with each other and join in the collision. This run-and-collide style of moshing can be distinguished from the style of slamdancing which also involves running and colliding by the more exaggerated body movements in moshing. Moshers do not move in counter-clockwise group motion...
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1281:: Right around the time of our first album, around 1981, it changed from the pogo bullshit into the real slam stuff. Pogoing was just jumping up and down. It was less interactive, more benign. The focus changed from Hollywood toward the beaches, and the idea of speed and the slam pit had its birth. We started playing as fast as you could fucking think and the crowd would go as berserk, pounding the shit out of each other in the pit. It was good sportsmanship and all about working up a good sweat
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kind of blatant "DJ as rock star" behavior—and overwrought grandiosity in general-but following a year in which even the genre's supposedly "underground" corners embraced both star worship and the caning of commercial pop tunes like never before, it makes sense that present-day
Skrillex has ascended to towering new heights. EDM may have lit the spark more than a decade ago, but with Skrillex and pals leading the way, it sure feels like dance music as a genre has now entered its
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counter-clockwise, the swinging of the right arm serves a double function. On the one hand, it allows dancers to slam into people and then quickly push them away, and on the other, it helps dancers gain momentum while running in a counter-clockwise circle. Sometimes, however, slamdancers do not run in a circle, but rather move in a more 'run-and-collide' fashion, simply throwing themselves into the part of the pit where the most people are gathered, slamming into each other
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techno parties like H-Bomb, Los
Angeles area's Twilight, and Milwaukee's Afternoon Delight look like ass-up inversions of the utopian club-kid credo of P.L.U.R. (Peace, Love, Unity, and Respect). Instead of emitting cool, the linebacker-shaped moshers and candy ravers who inhabit the scene embrace wretchedness in rituals that recall the moshing of straight-edge punk shows, the headbanging at speed-metal concerts, and the gloomy Lugosi boogie of a good Nitzer Ebb gig."
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1343:(Boston scene): Boston was much more violent than slamming I'd seen anywhere else. We described it as "punching penguins." It had a name — "The Boston Thrash." New York had that big circle-storm thing. DC wasn't as organized — more chaotic with more diving. LA was the king of running in circles with no sense of rhythm to it. When you watched The Decline Of Western Civilization you said, "That's slamdancing!" But Boston really changed things.
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and perplexing to staff in each city that, as Jobson pointed out, 'We were having to educate security guys to not smash kids' faces in. They had never experienced anything like this before, to get kids out from a barricade and seat them off to the sides and give them water. You can see
Lollapalooza's legacy in the way mosh pits have become an integral part of youth culture; beyond rock and metal, they're now firmly de rigueur in rap, too.
1156:) performed the first slamdance in 1978. Mike created a vicious version of punk dancing, smashing the face of anyone who'd get near him — especially some fucking hippie, who'd get pulverized. Kids called it "The Huntington Beach Strut" or "The HB Strut" — strutting around in a circle, swinging your arms and hitting everyone within reach. Slamdancing proved significant because it separated the kids from the "posers."
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front of the other and hopping forward onto it, then repeated with the other foot, etc. Combined with forward thrusts by the arm opposite to the forward-stepping foot, the dance creates a sort of "running in place" illusion. The move is commonly practiced and refined to look slick or interesting. The "two step," was taken from another form of dancing known to ska music, "skanking."
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418:, writer Oliver Keens stated that "Lollapalooza's greatest impact was to expose Middle America to the joys of stage-diving and moshing...You can see Lollapalooza's legacy in the way mosh pits have become an integral part of youth culture; beyond rock and metal". By 1992, the practice had become so common that concertgoers began to mosh to non-aggressive rock bands like
522:'s performances became particularly notable for their violent combination of moshing and crowd surfing, which he called "raging". Scott was arrested in 2015 and 2017 for inciting riots after encouraging these actions, with the latter event leading to an attendee being partially paralyzed. However, the most infamous example of this at his concerts was the 2021
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255:, moshing as it is understood today began to develop, originally termed "slam dancing". Participants in slam dancing at this time modified the pogo by bringing additional physical contact to those around them by pushing and running, as well introducing the idea of a recognised area where it takes place called a "pit". According to
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called 'Milano Mosh' and that was a pretty big crossover record, basically getting tons of metal kids into hardcore." Billy Milano from SOD says that although there was a certain period during which people stopped calling it slamming and started calling it moshing, it was SOD and not
Anthrax that actually started it.
265:(2001), there is a common belief amongst those involved in this scene that the dance was invented by former US marine Mike Marine in 1978. His specific style, involving "strutting around in a circle, swinging your arms and hitting everyone within reach", would go on to be termed "the Huntington Beach Strut".
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By the end of 1991, America was ready to throw down in the pit, not sway back and forth on its heels. Moshing became so common that it even happened at
Cranberries' concerts, during "Linger." The Irish band even set aside their folk-ish, dreamy pop long enough to write their grunge-y "Zombie" anthem,
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Scott Ian of
Anthrax, who also plays in SOD with Milano, gives the credit to the more commercial of his two bands: "The first time I saw moshing at a metal show was when Anthrax played the old Ritz in early '85 and a pit opened up. So yeah I can definitely say, as far as I know, we definitely brought
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Then there was the song "Banned in D.C." — at the end of which the Brains would switch the gears of their revolutionary sound, causing the whole house to drastically change their slam tempo. Well, it was at some point in either late 1979 or early 1980 that H.R. of the Bad Brains yelled a Rasta/reggae
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But perhaps
Lollapalooza's greatest impact was to expose Middle America to the joys of stage-diving and moshing. Born in punk clubs and hardcore venues, they went national when Lollapalooza's audiences moshed in the beloved national parks and sports arenas of George Bush Snr's America. It was so new
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The two-step is also common in hardcore dancing. It is used exclusively during mid- tempo punk rock styled riffs and beats (for a good example of such a beat listen to "Safety Dance" by Men
Without Hats. Much like the two step in breakdancing or country line dancing, it involves placing one foot in
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After years of intellectual electronica artists preaching "good vibes" and fans talking about "unity," some ravers are acting their age: Despite their Elmo backpacks, they, too, want to get stoopid and wreck things. Full of slam-dancing, satanic imagery, and the occasional tear-gas attack, hardcore
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Techno has always been inner space music, built for dancing with yourself. But now, techno fans who really want to feel something-fear, disgust, or the occasional bloody nose-are turning to hardcore. Hardcore parties are lusty, sloppy, and fiendishly hedonistic-like pure, old-fashioned rock'n'roll.
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Collins persuaded half of those leaving to return. "It just went off. It was the first time I'd seen work with grunge kids. It was an amazing moment for these kids who all of a sudden don't know what to do... they're going to mosh because they don't really know how to dance, and the
Prodigy played
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of criminal wrongdoing in the death of a concertgoer, despite being held "morally responsible". Fehn briefly addressed the Blythe situation, stating "I think, especially in
America, moshing has turned into a form of bullying. The big guy stands in the middle and just trucks any small kid that comes
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Skrillex's work is on some level rooted in club culture, but it's also been made with arenas and festival stages in mind places where DJs jumping on tables and whipping up massive crowds into a mosh pit-style frenzy is not just encouraged, but expected. Dance music has historically frowned on this
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The pit is not an explicitly marked off area, but pits usually form in front of the stage where a band is playing. Occasionally (usually at shows in larger venues), more than one pit will break out in various parts of the crowd. Although 'the pit' refers to an area, a pit only exists if people are
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scene slam dancing became violent and incorporated punching below the neck, developing a style called the "Boston thrash" or "punching penguins". Another development in the Boston scene was "pig piles" in which one person was pushed to the ground and others would begin to pile on top of them. This
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Kids in the pit jumped on each other in "pig-piles." This unique local pastime, like the scene itself, often turned into a scary mess. At some point they'd throw some kid onstage and pigpile him right there. There'd be as many as twenty kids — stacked up so high they'd touch the lights — crushing
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Alternatively the term may have been coined by Anthrax or SOD (Stormtroopers Of Death), an Anthrax affiliated project whose 'Milano Mosh' was an influential track. New York rock publicist Trevor Silmser recalls: "What made the word popular was in '85 this group SOD put out a record and had a song
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Moshers keep their bodies more bent over and compacted, and they swing either both arms or just one (usually the right) arm around across the body in a move that one of my interviewees called 'the death swing'. This swinging of the arm(s) in moshing is far more theatrical and exaggerated than in
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Then," says Martin, "the metal clowns started calling them 'mosh pits', the slow parts where everybody would dance harder in hardcore songs. When I was playing in Agnostic Front and I would write a slow part or whatever, those guys would be like, Oh, that's a good skank part. And then the metal
836:" it gets ridiculous So this time around we're consciously aiming at theaters that people can actually sit down and enjoy the show and be comfortable without having to worry about their legs falling off or being kicked in the face by a Mosh Pit. So will probably eliminate that problem anyway.
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Out of Seattle came a wave of rock bands who played no part in the cock-rock circuit on which the likes of Def Leppard and Whitesnake were cleaning up. Nirvana, in particular, became the most commercially successful punk band of all time. Jeff Inman, writing in the Las Vegas Weekly, said that,
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Compared with slamming, the fundamental body movements of moshing, such as the more violent swinging of the arms, the more violent body contact, and the lack of group motion place even greater emphasis on individual territoriality over community. Whereas the bodily motion of swinging arms and
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In contrast to slamdancing, moshing lacks the elements, such as circular pit motion, which promote unity in the pit. The development of moshing in New York City in the 1980s even saw the partial breakdown of the convention of picking up fallen dancers, as pit violence increased. New York City
170:, shouted "mash it - mash down Babylon!" Because of his faux Jamaican accent, some audience members heard this as "mosh it - mosh down Babylon". Beginning around 1983, metalheads began to refer to the slower sections of hardcore songs as "mosh parts", while hardcore musicians had called them "
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The mainstream of rock was invaded once more by junkies, layabouts, girly boys, and righteous deviants from the norm. Between '90 and '95 disenfranchised fringe-scene punks wiped out lucrative pomp rock and replaced it with the myriad genres within which mosh pits as we know them emerged and
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Slamdancing involves fast movement. Often, this movement takes the form of everyone in the pit running counter-clockwise, occasionally slamming into each other. The dance involves some arm-swinging, but it is usually just one arm (most often the right one) in motion. When dancers are running
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scene of the mid-1980s, modified this early slam dancing into an additional, more violent style. In their distinction, participants may stay in one position on their own or collide with others, while executing a more exaggerated version of the arm and leg swinging of California slam dancing.
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I just want to say one thing to you, you young, college lughead-types. I've been watchin' people like you sluggin' around other people for seven years. And you know what? It's the same shit. I wish you'd understand that in an environment like this, and in a setting like this, it's fairly
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They came back from the West Cost with this thing they got from Huntington Beach. Ian MacKaye and Henry Rollins definitely filtered that through their own ideas, but wearing bandanas around your boots and the slam dancing came from the Teen Idles going out to L.A. There's no
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when a person bends down in the audience of a show and another person runs at them grabs the persons foot and fling them into the crowd, this often leads to crowd surfing. It can be dangerous to be flung as well as dangerous for bystanders as they could be hit by the flung
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opposed slamdancing at their live shows. Members of Fugazi were reported to single out and confront specific members of the audience, politely asking them to stop hurting other audience members, or hauling them on stage to apologize on the microphone.
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Slamdancing is a style of dance which originated in the United States in the punk rock subculture of the late 1970s and early 1980s. It is a modification of the early punk 'pogo' dance. Slamdancing brought increased body contact to the original
1338:: It's a Boston thing. I think I was the first person to push someone down and start the pile. This D.O.A. show at The Underground was the first pigpile I remember. It got so crazy the drummer trashed his kit and jumped on top of the pile...
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senior writer Graham Hartmann referred to it as "Perhaps the most bad ass and dangerous ritual you can experience in a mosh pit". Venues will often ask bands not to organize the Wall of Death themselves due to the inherent risk involved and
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in 1985, which included the track "Milano Mosh". This led to the term being applied to the style of dance. The same year, moshing began to incorporate itself into live performances by heavy metal bands, with one early example being during
749:, they included the song "The Men's Movement", which proclaimed the inappropriate nature of slamdancing. The song consisted of audio recordings during concerts from the audience and members of Consolidated, arguing about moshing.
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in the early 1990s. Grunge becoming the dominant force in rock music, brought with it aspects of genres like hardcore, punk and ska, and in turn, pop culture became aware of the mosh pit. This was exacerbated by the success of
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The dancefloor action could turn savage but it was never about hits above the shoulders or blatant shots to the face. There were plenty of bloody or broken noses, but after knocking someone down, you'd bend over and pick them
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included their mosh-criticizing song "Thank You for Not Moshing", which contained lyrics that suggested that at least some individuals in the mosh pit were simply bullies who were finding conformity in the violence.
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is a style of hardcore dancing done during mid-tempo sections of songs. It is a running–in–place motion in which legs are crossed over one another while the opposite arm punches downwards. It descends directly from
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where it developed local variants. In New York, the crossover between the city's hardcore scene and its metal scene led to moshing incorporating itself into metal beginning around 1985. In the 1990s, the success of
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While moshing is seen by some as a form of positive fan feedback or expression of enjoyment, it has also drawn criticism over dangerous excesses in its violence. Injuries and even deaths have been reported in the
1588:"A lot of people have tried to prove that beer doesn't go with techno," snickers Matt Bonde, editor of the Milwaukee fanzine Massive, the bible of the scene. "But the Massive posse have proven it can and does."
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near him. They don’t mosh properly anymore. It sucks because that’s not what it’s about. Those guys need to be kicked out. A proper mosh pit is a great way to be as a group and dance, and just do your thing."
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is the original style of slam dancing which was popular the Southern California hardcore in the late 1970s and 1980s. It involves "strutting around in a circle, swinging your arms and hitting everyone within
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by thrash metal band Anthrax and hip hop group Public Enemy led to a number of mixed genre tours, which brought metal's moshing to the attention of hip hop fans. This was solidified as a part of hip hop by
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Due to its violence, moshing has been subject to controversy, with a number of concert venues banning the practice, and some musicians being arrested for encouraging it and concertgoers for participating.
768:, Ireland, 17-year-old Bernadette O'Brien was crushed by moshing crowd members and later died in the hospital, despite warnings from the band that people were getting hurt. At another concert, singer
1446:"Suddenly pop culture wasn't dominated by guys just thinking with their Johnsons. Men like Cobain, Eddie Vedder, and Billy Corgan helped rock move up the spinal cord from the crotch to the brain."...
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is a form of moshing which sees the audience divide down the middle into two halves either side of the venue, before each side runs towards the other, slamming the two sides together. According to
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I think our audience have become a little bit more attentive and less of that type of mentality I understand you want to release that energy... once people start doing that during "
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is a term that covers multiple style of moshing including windmilling two stepping, floorpunching, picking up pennies, axehandling, bucking, and wheelbarrowing. The practice began in
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441:'s European tour in the late 1980s, the artists witnessed moshing during their performances, which was still not commonplace during hip hop concerts. The 1991 collaboration song
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began to attend New York hardcore performances, they developed their own style of dancing based on New York hardcore's style of slam dancing. It was this group, particularly
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high-stepping legs has remained the traditional motion of slamdancing since it first emerged, moshing has seen the introduction of new moves such as jumping karate kicks.
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is a style moshing popular amongst the Boston hardcore scene in the 1980s. It involved one person being pushed to the ground and others beginning to pile on top of them.
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in equilibrium. Simulating the crowds with computer models, they found out that a simulation dominated by flocking parameters produced highly ordered behavior, forming
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The 2010s saw the rise of a number of hip hop artists who used an "anarchic energy", which some critics at the time compared to that of punk. These artists, notably
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and named in reference to the band's fanbase being called the "Wrecking Crew". Found Meteors drummer Mark Robertson specifically cited wrecking as beginning with
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Silverberg, Jesse L.; Bierbaum, Matthew; Sethna, James P.; Cohen, Itai (2013). "Collective Motion of Humans in Mosh and Circle Pits at Heavy Metal Concerts".
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Slamdancing arose in Southern California towns like Huntington Beach and Long Beach. According to lore, Mike Marine (former US Marine and star of the film
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616:. However, the band's vocalist Lou Koller has stated that he merely revived the practice in 1996, as he often saw a similar act performed in the 1980s
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are generally less violent than those in hardcore, instead consisting of "a mass of people enthusiastically nudg each other while jumping in unison".
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scene. It involves standing in one spot with arms flailing in order to make contact with those around. The practice was originated by fans of
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in 1985, which included the track "Milano Mosh", the term began being applied to the style of dance. The term was then further popularised by
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exploded. Hardcore, skacore, grindcore, emo, straight edge, punk, punk pop, were just some of the genres that swamped and replaced cock rock.
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is a form of moshing in which participants run in a circular motion around the edges of the pit, often leaving an open space in the centre.
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toured California in August 1980, where they were first exposed to slam dancing. Upon returning home, they introduced the practice to the
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inspired "mash it-mash down Babylon!" Add a little Jamaican accent to the mix and the untrained ear hears "mosh it-mosh down Babylon."
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has been known to temporarily stop concerts upon seeing moshing and crowd surfing, claiming it is dangerous to other fans.
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Much like slamdancing was a modification of the pogo, moshing emerged in the mid-1980s as a variation on slamdancing...
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The name "mosh" originates from the word "mash". While performing their song "Banned in D.C." in either 1979 or 1980,
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studied the emergent behavior of crowds at mosh pits by analyzing online videos, finding similarities with models of
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spoke about the state of audience interaction following the onstage incident and subsequent legal issues involving
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took a stance against moshing, following two incidents which resulted in fatalities. At a 1996 Pumpkins concert in
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Tsitsos, William (October 1999). "Rules of Rebellion: Slamdancing, Moshing, and the American Alternative Scene".
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Tsitsos, William (October 1999). "Rules of Rebellion: Slamdancing, Moshing, and the American Alternative Scene".
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is Boston's more violent development upon the Huntington Beach strut, which incorporates punching below the neck.
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By 1981, slam dancing had become the predominant style of crowd interaction in the southern California scene, as
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inappropriate and unfair to the rest of the people around you. I, and we, publicly take a stand against moshing!
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was an Australian girl who died as a result of asphyxiation after being crushed in a mosh pit during the 2001
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scene, in which crowds members would jump up and down while holding their arms beside them. According to
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people started calling them mosh parts." The word emerged into common New York parlance around '83/'84.
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phase, becoming larger than ever before despite bearing only a passing resemblance to its former self.
1534:"How Rappers Like Lil Uzi Vert & Travis Scott Made Moshing & Metal Tees Mainstream in Hip-Hop"
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Cite error: The named reference "ABC" was defined multiple times with different content (see the
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scene. That particular scene took a more chaotic approach to slam dancing and saw an increase in
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SICK OF IT ALL's Lou Koller: Origin of the Wall of Death, Roots of Hardcore & Touring Plans!
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it out into the world of heavy metal. Sadly I would have to take some responsibility for that.
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1715:"Mosh pit rules are important to know if you're taking the plunge this music festival season"
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in which participants push or slam into each other. Taking place in an area called the
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is when a mosher moshes against the crowd around the sides of the pit. According to
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Our Band Could Be Your Life: Scenes from the American Indie Underground 1981–1991
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and his "DJ as rock star" attitude brought moshing into mainstream dance music.
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1796:"These Are the Most Epic "Wall of Death" Photos from Germany's Wacken Festival"
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ended their set early after only three songs due to the audience's moshing.
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356:
221:
107:
2011:
796:
A crowd of moshers, with a few people "crowdsurfing" on top of the mosh pit
2387:"At The Drive In Reflect On BDO Walk-Off: "We Could've Handled It Better""
1656:"My first psychobilly gig: The Klub Foot, The Meteors, and a thousand DMs"
507:
3359:
3269:
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2990:
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2933:
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2584:
849:
657:
621:
500:
2494:
1628:"Before the Astroworld Tragedy, Travis Scott's 'Raging' Made Him a Star"
106:), it is typically performed to aggressive styles of live music such as
17:
3440:
3374:
3274:
2769:
2726:
2696:
2579:
2439:
2179:(Reprint. ed.). New York, N.Y.: Back Bay Books. pp. 392–393.
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709:
484:
461:
406:
139:
938:, a spontaneous dance performed by crowds, commonly associated with
205:
1684:"Big quiffs, zombies and dead crows: the wild world of psychobilly"
1026:
Sound of the Beast: The Complete Headbanging History of Heavy Metal
129:
around 1978. Through the 1980s it spread to the hardcore scenes of
2985:
2138:
1986:
1463:
Festivals: A Music Lover's Guide to the Festivals You Need To Know
791:
751:
684:
438:
416:
Festivals: A Music Lover's Guide to the Festivals You Need To Know
389:
204:
3001:
492:
3005:
2526:
2522:
828:, criticized moshing in an interview published on his website:
397:
helped popularised moshing in hip hop with their 1993 single "
2466:"Slipknot's Chris Fehn: Moshing Shouldn't Turn Into Bullying"
1605:
First Floor Volume 1: Reflections On Electronic Music Culture
1579:
Blashill, Pat (Aug 1999). "Loud, Fast, and Out of Control".
1387:
straight edge shows became legendary for their brutality...
243:
began to form in the late 1970s and early 1980s with early
2285:"Man Dies After 'Crowd-Surfing' At SMASHING PUMPKINS Show"
661:
writer Amanda van Poznak it is generally looked down upon.
405:
Moshing entered mainstream consciousness with the rise of
363:
who popularised the word "moshing". Ian and Milano's band
2509:(detailed listing of steps to follow, tips, and warnings)
414:, which began in 1991 as a touring festival. In his book
1823:"The Story Behind The Song: Step Down by Sick Of It All"
1233:"The Life and Times of Philly Hardcore Pioneer Lee Ving"
307:
also helped to expose moshing to a much wider audience.
1851:"Top Five Mosh Pit Moves, From Rudimentary to Advanced"
2163:‘I just, like, took my last breath. And I passed out.’
2052:"Hard-Core Threat to Health: Moshing at Rock Concerts"
974:
Tremblay, Maxwell; Duncombe, Stephen (July 18, 2011).
117:
The dance style originated in the southern California
1948:"Mosh pit rules: Get up to speed for festival season"
1312:
1310:
1308:
1201:"Inside John Belushi's Long Lost Punk Song With Fear"
586:, when they become involved in the psychobilly scene.
2101:"TUYM: Get Into a Moshpit and Live to Tell About It"
1562:
Appetite for Definition: An A-Z Guide to Rock Genres
1482:
Appetite for Definition: An A-Z Guide to Rock Genres
608:, the consensus is that it was invented by American
495:
credo which permeated electronic music genres, like
3428:
3352:
3080:
3039:
2889:
2851:
2783:
2750:
2560:
1132:
1130:
781:Another fan died at a Smashing Pumpkins concert in
61:
1295:Straight Edge A Clear-Headed Hardcore Punk History
1070:"Festival Holds 'Filth', A Secret, Senselessness"
483:. By 1999, moshing had become commonplace during
2332:"An Interview with Dream Theater's Mike Portnoy"
2310:"B.C. man dies after crowd-surfing at rock show"
1508:"Tracking the Evolution of the Hip-Hop Mosh Pit"
318:became the scene's heart. Washington, D.C. band
166:, vocalist of Washington D.C. hardcore band the
1501:
1499:
1497:
1495:
991:
989:
830:
774:
574:is a style of moshing that is prevalent in the
976:White Riot: Punk Rock and the Politics of Race
824:where he briefly filled in after the death of
3017:
2538:
2363:. Gladstone Newspaper Company. Archived from
2019:"Moshers, Heavy Metal and Emergent Behaviour"
1746:
1744:
1241:. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States:
1035:
1033:
220:, a style of dance done in the 1970s English
8:
2519:(includes information on injuries sustained)
1869:
1867:
201:Origins and early developments (1970s–1980s)
37:
2228:
2226:
3024:
3010:
3002:
2545:
2531:
2523:
1209:. New York City, New York, United States:
1068:Boyar, Jay; Moore, Roger (June 17, 2000).
526:, which left 25 hospitalized and 10 dead.
216:The direct predecessor to moshing was the
36:
1985:
961:When the Uncertainty Principle Goes to 11
2287:. BLABBERMOUTH.NET. 2007. Archived from
2260:"Man dies in Smashing Pumpkins mosh pit"
681:Physical properties of emergent behavior
3497:Hardcore (electronic dance music genre)
2495:MTV: The Social History of the Mosh Pit
2235:"Fan Crushed at Smashing Pumpkins Show"
1921:"How To Mosh: Every Move You Must Know"
951:
1708:
1706:
475:performance since at least 1996, with
2436:"joey demaio manowar - anti mosh psa"
2357:"Limp Bizkit honour dead fan at show"
1919:Van Poznak, Amanda (8 January 2019).
716:Opposition, criticism and controversy
301:. Fear's 1981 musical performance on
49:Audience members moshing to American
7:
1437:The Violent World Of Moshpit Culture
998:The Violent World Of Moshpit Culture
386:Mainstream crossover (1990s–present)
2201:"Consolidated - The Men's Movement"
1794:Grundke, Vincent (12 August 2017).
1732:
1626:Coscarelli, Joe (8 November 2021).
1411:American Hardcore: A Tribal History
1323:American Hardcore: A Tribal History
1269:American Hardcore: A Tribal History
1231:McCloskey, Tim (October 30, 2015).
1154:The Decline Of Western Civilization
1143:American Hardcore: A Tribal History
292:the Decline of Western Civilization
262:American Hardcore: A Tribal History
3062:List of industrial music festivals
2078:A Survivor’s Guide To The Mosh Pit
1713:Rääbus, Carol (26 December 2017).
239:As a prominent punk rock scene in
25:
2337:. mikeportnoy.com. Archived from
2165:Washington Post 11 November 2021.
1821:Hill, Stephen (30 January 2019).
1751:HARTMANN, GRAHAM (20 June 2014).
1461:Keens, Oliver (August 31, 2021).
848:festival during a performance by
3067:List of jam band music festivals
2330:John Kotzian (11 January 2002).
2262:. yahoo.ca. 2007. Archived from
1603:Reynaldo, Shawn (July 7, 2023).
1199:Grow, Kry (September 10, 2015).
1170:"O.C. punk club to go Hollywood"
1040:Ragusa, Paolo (19 August 2021).
471:Moshing has been present during
429:during live performances by the
43:
2446:from the original on 2021-12-11
2211:from the original on 2021-12-11
1900:Sfetcu, Nicolae (May 7, 2014).
1720:Australian Broadcasting Company
1560:King, Ian (November 29, 2018).
1487:appeasing the flanneled masses.
1484:. HarpPeren. pp. 124–125.
1480:King, Ian (November 29, 2018).
1465:. Frances Lincoln. p. 66.
712:like those seen in the videos.
524:Astroworld Festival crowd crush
2139:Moshing Exciting but dangerous
2004:10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.228701
1875:"Music Sound Hardcore dancing"
756:A no-moshing sign at a concert
1:
3315:Tuska Open Air Metal Festival
3290:Sauna Open Air Metal Festival
3236:Rock am Ring and Rock im Park
3057:List of heavy metal festivals
2413:"Heavy Metal Monday: Manowar"
1779:Lou Koller (9 October 2019).
1168:Tom Berg (10 February 2009).
870:of American heavy metal band
696:A clip of moshing music fans
339:set, which was initiated by
3072:List of punk rock festivals
2513:"Crowd Surfing and Moshing"
2434:xchousenx (13 March 2011).
1341:"Straight Edge" Hank Peirce
367:released their debut album
178:released their debut album
3513:
324:Washington, D.C., hardcore
271:writer Tom Berg credited,
268:The Orange County Register
29:
2502:How to Mosh in a Mosh Pit
2237:. MTV.com. Archived from
2175:Azerrad, Michael (2002).
1564:. HarpPeren. p. 34.
1372:10.1017/S0261143000008941
1103:10.1017/S0261143000008941
856:. At that same festival,
816:, founder and drummer of
806:Why Do They Rock So Hard?
487:performances, especially
343:guitarist Al Barile. The
94:) is an extreme style of
42:
3321:The Unholy Alliance Tour
3052:List of gothic festivals
2687:Lean wit It, Rock wit It
2233:Unknown (May 19, 1996).
2076:Nussbacher, Mike (2004)
1753:"10 EPIC WALLS OF DEATH"
1211:Penske Media Corporation
2120:Sacahroff, Reaz (1996)
2087:March 18, 2009, at the
1974:Physical Review Letters
497:intelligent dance music
425:Moshing slowly entered
3467:Heavy metal subculture
3305:Summer Sanitarium Tour
3047:List of folk festivals
2961:Novelty and fad dances
2355:Staff (1 March 2012).
2137:Irvine, Martha (1996)
1174:Orange County Register
978:. Verso. p. 211.
838:
797:
779:
772:said to the audience:
757:
697:
537:Huntington Beach strut
473:electronic dance music
402:
365:Stormtroopers of Death
226:The Filth and the Fury
213:
176:Stormtroopers of Death
144:electronic dance music
3285:Rock Never Stops Tour
3205:Magic Circle Festival
3094:Anger Management Tour
2344:on 10 September 2008.
1435:Ambrose, Joe (2010).
996:Ambrose, Joe (2010).
893:, who was eventually
795:
762:the Smashing Pumpkins
755:
695:
393:
282:Another State of Mind
228:, it was invented by
208:
32:Mosh (disambiguation)
3220:Nintendo Fusion Tour
2312:. cbc.ca. 2007-09-26
2241:on December 11, 2003
2122:Music: Pit Etiquette
1333:those on the bottom.
785:, British Columbia,
370:Speak English or Die
335:originated during a
181:Speak English or Die
121:scene, particularly
30:For other uses, see
3462:Syllabus-free dance
3295:Sonisphere Festival
3124:Deconstruction Tour
2622:Chicken Noodle Soup
2367:on 31 December 2019
1996:2013PhRvL.110v8701S
1366:(3): 405–406, 410.
1180:on 16 December 2019
304:Saturday Night Live
241:Southern California
39:
3280:Projekt Revolution
3168:Hard Electric Tour
3144:Fuji Rock Festival
3134:Family Values Tour
2472:. 10 December 2014
2144:2007-06-26 at the
2057:The New York Times
1881:on 4 February 2021
1607:. Velocity Press.
959:Moriarty, Philip.
798:
758:
702:Cornell University
698:
479:'s performance at
403:
214:
3449:
3448:
3410:Sign of the horns
3114:California Jam II
2999:
2998:
2823:Melbourne shuffle
2818:Liquid and digits
2652:Electric boogaloo
2186:978-0-316-78753-6
2161:Brulliard, Karin
2150:Associated Press.
2024:Technology Review
1506:Pandya, Hershal.
840:Sixteen-year-old
822:Avenged Sevenfold
700:Researchers from
693:
618:New York hardcore
584:Adam and the Ants
555:punching penguins
353:heavy metal music
345:New York hardcore
330:, whereas in the
298:American Hardcore
81:
80:
16:(Redirected from
3504:
3492:Hardcore hip hop
3210:Monsters of Rock
3139:Festival Express
3026:
3019:
3012:
3003:
2919:Dancehall dances
2547:
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2524:
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2398:
2393:. 4 October 2017
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2068:
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2044:
2038:
2037:Tsitsos, William
2035:
2029:
2028:
2016:. Summarized in
2015:
1989:
1969:
1963:
1962:
1960:
1959:
1944:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1916:
1910:
1909:
1897:
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1890:
1888:
1886:
1877:. Archived from
1871:
1862:
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1857:
1846:
1840:
1839:
1837:
1835:
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1812:
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1426:
1425:
1408:(October 2001).
1402:
1396:
1395:
1355:
1349:
1348:
1320:(October 2001).
1314:
1303:
1302:
1290:
1284:
1283:
1266:(October 2001).
1260:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1228:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1196:
1190:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1176:. Archived from
1165:
1159:
1158:
1140:(October 2001).
1134:
1125:
1124:
1119:dancing in it...
1086:
1080:
1079:
1075:Orlando Sentinel
1065:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1037:
1028:
1022:
1016:
1015:
993:
984:
983:
971:
965:
964:
956:
895:found not guilty
842:Jessica Michalik
834:Through Her Eyes
694:
631:Hardcore dancing
452:'s 1993 single "
312:Huntington Beach
190:Caught in a Mosh
131:Washington, D.C.
123:Huntington Beach
67:Huntington Beach
47:
40:
21:
3512:
3511:
3507:
3506:
3505:
3503:
3502:
3501:
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3451:
3450:
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3424:
3348:
3339:Wacken Open Air
3327:Uproar Festival
3215:Montebello Rock
3200:Mayhem Festival
3082:
3076:
3035:
3030:
3000:
2995:
2885:
2847:
2779:
2746:
2657:Gangsta Walking
2556:
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2174:
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2160:
2156:
2146:Wayback Machine
2136:
2132:
2119:
2115:
2105:
2103:
2099:
2098:
2094:
2089:Wayback Machine
2075:
2071:
2062:
2060:
2050:(May 9, 1996).
2048:Pogrebin, Robin
2046:
2045:
2041:
2036:
2032:
2017:
1971:
1970:
1966:
1957:
1955:
1946:
1945:
1941:
1931:
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1913:
1902:The Music Sound
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1712:
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1704:
1694:
1692:
1682:Hann, Michael.
1681:
1680:
1676:
1666:
1664:
1661:The Independent
1653:
1652:
1648:
1638:
1636:
1625:
1624:
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1602:
1601:
1597:
1589:
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1573:
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1544:
1542:
1532:Leight, Elias.
1531:
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1526:
1516:
1514:
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1504:
1493:
1479:
1478:
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1418:. p. 300.
1404:
1403:
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1391:
1388:
1385:
1357:
1356:
1352:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1330:. p. 249.
1316:
1315:
1306:
1293:Rettman, Tony.
1292:
1291:
1287:
1279:Lee Ving (Fear)
1262:
1261:
1257:
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1038:
1031:
1024:Christie, Ian,
1023:
1019:
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1008:
995:
994:
987:
973:
972:
968:
958:
957:
953:
948:
904:
862:At the Drive-In
746:Play More Music
718:
685:
683:
532:
489:hardcore techno
444:Bring the Noise
420:the Cranberries
388:
378:'s 1985 set at
332:Boston hardcore
212:over a mosh pit
203:
198:
160:
86:(also known as
77:, United States
57:
55:Toxic Holocaust
35:
28:
23:
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3429:Related events
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3415:Summer of Love
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3310:Taste of Chaos
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2489:External links
2487:
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2415:. 8 March 2011
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2391:Musicfeeds.com
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1980:(22): 228701.
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1849:PREIRA, MATT.
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803:'s 1998 album
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2291:on 2007-10-13
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918:Skank (dance)
916:
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913:Crowd surfing
911:
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858:post-hardcore
855:
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818:Dream Theater
815:
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730:post-hardcore
728:The American
726:
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653:Crowd killing
651:
650:
643:
639:
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635:New York City
632:
629:
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623:
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610:hardcore punk
607:
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602:wall of death
599:
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551:Boston thrash
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210:Crowd surfing
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174:parts". Once
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133:, Boston and
132:
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119:hardcore punk
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19:
3487:Thrash metal
3441:Concert tour
3436:Rock concert
3400:Stage diving
3385:Pogo (dance)
3379:
3331:
3319:
3262:
3255:
3250:Rock in Roma
3248:
3241:
3234:
3182:
3178:Ilosaarirock
3160:
3148:
3084:
2950:
2662:Harlem shake
2575:Breakdancing
2554:Street dance
2517:Safeconcerts
2506:
2501:
2474:. Retrieved
2469:
2460:
2448:. Retrieved
2429:
2417:. Retrieved
2407:
2395:. Retrieved
2390:
2381:
2369:. Retrieved
2365:the original
2360:
2350:
2339:the original
2325:
2314:. Retrieved
2304:
2293:. Retrieved
2289:the original
2279:
2268:. Retrieved
2264:the original
2254:
2243:. Retrieved
2239:the original
2213:. Retrieved
2204:
2195:
2176:
2170:
2157:
2149:
2133:
2125:
2116:
2104:. Retrieved
2095:
2082:The Martlet.
2081:
2072:
2061:. Retrieved
2055:
2042:
2033:
2022:
1977:
1973:
1967:
1956:. Retrieved
1954:. 2017-12-26
1951:
1942:
1930:. Retrieved
1924:
1914:
1905:
1901:
1895:
1883:. Retrieved
1879:the original
1854:. Retrieved
1844:
1832:. Retrieved
1828:Metal Hammer
1826:
1816:
1804:. Retrieved
1799:
1789:
1780:
1774:
1762:. Retrieved
1756:
1724:. Retrieved
1718:
1693:. Retrieved
1689:The Guardian
1687:
1677:
1665:. Retrieved
1659:
1649:
1637:. Retrieved
1631:
1621:
1611:
1608:
1604:
1598:
1586:
1580:
1574:
1565:
1561:
1555:
1543:. Retrieved
1537:
1527:
1515:. Retrieved
1511:
1485:
1481:
1475:
1466:
1462:
1456:
1444:
1436:
1430:
1421:Mike Schnapp
1420:
1419:
1409:
1400:
1383:
1363:
1359:
1353:
1340:
1335:
1331:
1321:
1298:
1294:
1288:
1278:
1277:
1267:
1258:
1246:. Retrieved
1238:Philadelphia
1236:
1226:
1214:. Retrieved
1204:
1194:
1182:. Retrieved
1178:the original
1173:
1163:
1153:
1151:
1141:
1114:
1094:
1090:
1084:
1073:
1063:
1051:. Retrieved
1045:
1025:
1020:
1005:
997:
979:
975:
969:
960:
954:
933:
923:Stage diving
891:Randy Blythe
876:
866:
839:
831:
814:Mike Portnoy
812:
804:
799:
780:
775:
770:Billy Corgan
759:
744:
741:Consolidated
739:
727:
719:
699:
672:
667:Hip hop pits
666:
656:
652:
641:
630:
601:
592:
571:
563:
554:
550:
540:
536:
520:Travis Scott
505:
470:
466:Wu-Tang Clan
458:Busta Rhymes
442:
435:Public Enemy
431:Beastie Boys
424:
415:
412:Lollapalooza
404:
368:
361:Billy Milano
350:
328:stage diving
309:
302:
296:
290:
286:
280:
266:
260:
257:Steven Blush
247:groups like
238:
215:
179:
161:
152:
116:
103:
99:
91:
88:slam dancing
87:
83:
82:
65:Late 1970s,
51:thrash metal
3395:Headbanging
3365:Heavy metal
3344:Warped Tour
3333:Vive Latino
3243:Rock in Rio
3195:Lilith Fair
3162:Good Things
3129:Doomination
3104:Big Day Out
2941:Headbanging
2752:House dance
2717:Stanky Legg
2707:Running man
2682:Laffy Taffy
2595:Power moves
2397:5 September
1932:25 December
1416:Feral House
1328:Feral House
1274:Feral House
1148:Feral House
1047:Consequence
908:Headbanging
887:Lamb of God
868:Joey DeMaio
854:Limp Bizkit
846:Big Day Out
580:the Meteors
576:psychobilly
516:Danny Brown
477:the Prodigy
351:As fans of
275:venue, the
234:Sid Vicious
230:Sex Pistols
112:heavy metal
102:(or simply
3456:Categories
3264:Ruido Fest
3190:Kuopiorock
3173:H.O.R.D.E.
3087:= ongoing)
2929:Folk dance
2899:Air guitar
2866:Charleston
2853:Jazz dance
2833:Rebolation
2808:Industrial
2803:Hard dance
2785:Rave dance
2627:Crank That
2316:2007-09-27
2295:2007-09-27
2270:2007-09-27
2245:2006-06-23
2215:29 January
2063:2007-12-14
1958:2024-07-24
1885:23 January
1856:23 January
1834:23 January
1806:29 January
1764:23 January
1758:Noisecreep
1726:23 January
946:References
883:Chris Fehn
625:liability.
606:Noisecreep
593:circle pit
530:Variations
512:Odd Future
316:Long Beach
273:Costa Mesa
253:Black Flag
168:Bad Brains
127:Long Beach
90:or simply
75:California
71:Long Beach
3420:Rivethead
3390:Punk rock
3360:Deadheads
3300:Soundwave
3257:Rock Boat
3156:Gigantour
3119:Crüe Fest
3081:Traveling
2881:Tap dance
2871:Lindy Hop
2828:Para Para
2813:Jumpstyle
2667:John Wall
2632:Crip Walk
2617:Cat Daddy
2607:Bird Walk
1987:1302.1886
1735:help page
1567:into it."
1539:Billboard
1380:159966036
1336:Al Barile
1300:question.
1243:Metrocorp
1111:159966036
928:Praisepit
783:Vancouver
706:2-D gases
673:Slingshot
645:skanking.
508:A$ AP Mob
357:Scott Ian
236:in 1976.
222:punk rock
158:Etymology
108:punk rock
3270:Ruisrock
3184:Knotfest
3040:Subtypes
2991:Waacking
2966:Pantsula
2956:Moonwalk
2946:Grinding
2934:Clogging
2914:Capoeira
2861:Cakewalk
2843:X-Outing
2760:Footwork
2722:Twerking
2677:Krumping
2602:Boogaloo
2585:Downrock
2470:Loudwire
2444:Archived
2371:14 April
2361:Observer
2209:Archived
2142:Archived
2085:Archived
2012:23767754
1952:ABC News
1802:. Noisey
1184:14 April
902:See also
879:Slipknot
850:nu metal
710:vortices
658:Kerrang!
642:two step
622:Loudwire
572:Wrecking
564:pig pile
541:HB Strut
501:Skrillex
464:and the
380:the Ritz
259:'s book
232:bassist
135:New York
100:mosh pit
92:slamming
18:Mosh pit
3380:Moshing
3375:La Onda
3370:Hippies
3353:Culture
3275:Ozzfest
3085:italics
2951:Moshing
2924:Flexing
2838:Wu-tang
2770:Jacking
2742:Wu-tang
2727:Turfing
2697:Popping
2692:Locking
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