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522:'s attitudes towards the company were mixed, on the one hand recognising its important contributions to the economy, and on the other hostile to its British directors. The commission acted to expel the British interests and to modify the concession's terms. At the same time, Novomeysky, 75 years of age, was forced out. Following the commission's recommendations, conditions were set to allow continued operation of the company, which were not met.
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for mining the Dead Sea area. Many groups applied; Novomeysky's consortium included a
Scotsman named Thomas Gregorie Tulloch who had sought permission to mine there as early as the beginning of the British rule in 1918. After beating fierce competition from American firms for the right to mine around
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signed an agreement putting both northern and southern facilities under
Transjordanian custody, in contradiction to the previous agreements. The Haganah command rejected the new agreement as well, but due to his hospitalisation, Novomeysky was unable to use his Transjordanian contacts to remedy the
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From 18 April 1948, the
British ceased escorting convoys from Jerusalem to the northern shore facilities. As the prospect of war between the Arabs and the Zionists increased at the close of the British Mandate, Novomeysky tried to foster peace with Abdullah, attempting to strike a deal that would
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site. Most of the workers were employed at the northern shore campus and commuted from
Jerusalem. British authorities would not allow the Jews to establish villages on nearby government land, but Novomeysky was ultimately granted permission to build a workers' neighbourhood on the basis of his
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In 1911, he visited the Dead Sea for the first time. With a climate that was the polar opposite of his birthplace, he wrote, "This was something of quite a different order from anything I had known." He then set about testing the Dead Sea's specific gravity, water and air temperatures, and the
412:, which sought to restrict further Jewish immigration into Palestine and prevent new settlements from being built, because the kibbutz was a residence for his workers. By 1943, 100 Jewish families were living in Beit HaArava, which boasted fish ponds, eucalyptus, cypress, pines, and flowers.
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about organising a labour group to expand operations at the expansive Mount Sodom site; while the northern shore had difficult conditions, the southern site was far harsher due to its isolation from civilisation in the heart of the
498:, had its Jewish employees taken prisoner by the Jordanians, the mistrust grew. Ben-Gurion ultimately ordered Kalia and Beit HaAravah evacuated, and on May 19 and May 20, 1948, hundreds of workers, kibbutz members, and the
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By 1940 the
Palestine Potash Company was responsible for half of the country's industrial export, and it supplied half of Britain's demand during World War II. In 1946 Novomeysky founded a fertiliser and chemicals company.
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as a source of minerals and researched ways to extract them from bodies of water, and was among the pioneers of mining in
Siberia. In 1900, he built a chemical factory that supplied local glassworks with refined salts.
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in 1906, who introduced him to a report about the Dead Sea by German geologist Max
Blankenhorn. He discerned similarities between its chemical composition and those of the Siberian lakes. In 1907, he applied to the
373:, which organised a group of 20 who in 1934 travelled to Mount Sodom along with Palestine Potash workers to establish a work camp. Materials arrived from Jerusalem, and water was purchased from
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Novomeysky went on to become a prominent figure in Jewish community. He chaired "National
Council of Jews in Siberia" and headed Siberian Zionist Center in 1914–1920. He was treasurer for
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security contingent fled on a "fleet" of 17 small boats to the Mount Sodom complex, having sabotaged the factory's equipment to prevent the now enemy from using them. Abdullah's
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for negotiations, on 13 May 1948 an agreement was reached with the
Transjordanian delegation whereby a neutral zone would be created to protect the facilities. He travelled to
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113:; November 25, 1873 – March 27, 1961) was an Israeli businessman and mining engineer. He was an early developer of the Palestine Potash Company, precursor to the
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Weintraub, B. (2004). Moshe A. Novomeysky: Founder of the Dead Sea
Industries; Chemistry in Israel, Bull. Isr. Chem. Soc., Issue 16, Aug.2004, p 37–40.
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entered the site, which had already been vandalised by locals, on May 22, and completely destroyed both the potash facilities and the kibbutzim.
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appointed a commission to examine the Palestine Potash Company's operations and determine what action, if any, the government should take. The
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133:. Following his father, he developed an interest in mining. He graduated Irkutsk Technical School, then studied mining engineering in
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Gathering support among well-known Londoners, Novomeysky was eventually granted a seventy-five year concession in August 1929 to his
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as a state-owned enterprise, acquiring all the property of the Palestine Potash Company. In the face of decreasing productivity,
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478:, he was unable to attend to finalising the understandings. On 17 May, representatives of the Palestine Potash Company and the
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Seeing potential for the Dead Sea as a vacation place, the British authorities had installed a golf course in Kalia named
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360:, while the northern shore plot was relatively small. Novomeysky felt the limitations in 1933 when he approached kibbutz
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Arab, along with some disused huts on the northern shore. He continued his pursuits by founding a company, "Jordan", to
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in 1831 on the charge of aiding Polish rebels in an uprising. Initially a Social Revolutionary, he moved towards the
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for Palestine granted him permission to continue the surveys. In April, he sent the manager of his plant in
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140:, graduating in 1897 and returning to Barguzin. Unlike fellow mining scientists, Novomeysky looked towards
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176:. This resulted in his 1905 imprisonment for "revolutionary activity." He was released after five months.
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Building a good relationship with the local Arab population was important to Novomeysky. He mastered the
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spare the potash works due to their value to both sides as well as the British. Having twice flown to
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Novomeysky came from a family tradition of political activism. His grandfather was exiled from
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Novomeysky maintained contact with Abdullah, in hope of restoring his business. In 1957, the
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was begun in 1934, which eventually built community institutions and was planned on the
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and was known to locals as "the doctor." Novomeysky had also maintained ties with King
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was appointed director, who turned the company around and improved its operations.
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concession. Marshland near the potash plant was drained, and a neighbourhood named
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The Building of the Israeli State Sector, Case Study: The Palestine Potash Ltd.
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in the technical sciences. He died in 1961 at the age of 87, and was buried in
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the Dead Sea, the application was officially accepted by High Commissioner
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in 1927. This triggered a debate in the British Parliament, revealing the
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combined with that region's arid climate. Ramat Rachel contacted the
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Founder of the Palestine Potash Company, businessman, mining engineer
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can be traced back to his meeting with fellow scientist and Zionist
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Due to Novomeysky's reputation, the kibbutzim were spared from the
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of the Dead Sea with the British geologist George Stanfield Blake.
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The group found a good site for building residences in the nearby
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Ben-Gurion couldn't immediately meet him due to preparations for
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authorities for permission to extract salts from the Dead Sea.
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soil. Novomeysky received permission despite the British
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Monument commemorating Moshe Novomeysky at Dead Sea Works
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feelings of some MPs. In this debate, a member of the
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to Mandate Palestine and began using his Hebrew name,
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As other Jewish settlements in Arab-controlled areas
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British Mandatory authorities subsequently issued a
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388:. However the area was now allotted to Abdullah's
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635:"The Dead Sea" by Barbara Kreiger pgs. 141-165
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384:valley and was joined by a workers group from
525:In 1952, the State of Israel established the
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714:Prisoners of the Peter and Paul Fortress
689:Israeli people of Russian-Jewish descent
356:production was based on extremely large
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510:After the establishment of the state
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494:power plant, which straddles the
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724:Russian mining businesspeople
684:Israeli mining businesspeople
216:practicality of constructing
199:Novomeysky's interest in the
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599:Новомейский Моисей Абрамович
441:anti-Jewish riots of 1936-39
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247:and sail on the sea from a
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488:were subject to massacres
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729:Russian mining engineers
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465:Prime Minister of Israel
312:Palestine Potash Company
278:Palestine Potash Company
85:The first survey of the
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540:awarded Novomeysky an
390:Emirate of Transjordan
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164:and attended the 1903
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138:Königsberg University
430:Abdullah I of Jordan
341:community settlement
223:In 1920, Novomeysky
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68:Trumpeldor Cemetery
674:History of Siberia
586:2011-07-21 at the
542:honorary doctorate
514:In November 1948,
400:near Kalia called
348:Sodom and Gomorrah
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257:geological surveys
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504:Arab Legion
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406:hypersaline
332:Mount Sodom
245:Mount Sodom
174:Switzerland
142:Lake Baikal
129:village of
648:Categories
568:References
225:immigrated
492:Naharayim
328:Jerusalem
320:marketing
305:Islington
249:Bethlehem
121:Biography
584:Archived
556:See also
546:Tel Aviv
538:Technion
457:Tel Aviv
386:Ra'anana
237:Tel Aviv
201:Dead Sea
131:Barguzin
127:Siberian
87:Dead Sea
45:Barguzin
500:Palmach
480:Haganah
445:Jericho
398:kibbutz
343:model.
241:Jericho
235:, near
181:Haganah
162:Zionism
154:Siberia
107:Russian
520:Yishuv
354:Potash
324:London
284:tender
272:potash
268:Hadera
233:Gedera
150:Poland
99:Hebrew
453:Amman
337:Kalia
229:Moshe
170:Basel
382:Zoar
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