355:, Mostazafan allocates 50 percent of its profits to providing aid to the needy in the form of low-interest loans or monthly pensions, while it invests the remaining 50 percent in its various subsidiaries. With over 200,000 employees, it owns and operates approximately 350 subsidiary and affiliate companies in numerous industries including agriculture, industry, transportation, and tourism. Bonyad-e Mostazafan va Janbazan represented approximately 10 percent of the
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been subject to a number of controversies common to other bonyads in the years since its inception. The foundation and other bonyads are "exempt from official oversight as key religious leaders and former or current government officials control them. They enjoy virtual tax exemption and customs privileges, preferential access to credit and foreign exchange, and regulatory protection from private sector competition".
233:, New York, valued in 1975 at $ 14.5 million. Such investment in a foreign market by the Pahlavi Foundation gained media attention because in order to do such foreign investment the foundation had to register as an American charitable foundation with the declared aim of using the rental to pay for Iranian students studying in the United States.
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As employers of approximately five million
Iranians and providers of social welfare services to "perhaps several million more", bonyads such as Mostazafan "have a large constituency and are able to build support for the government among the working and lower classes." Nonetheless, the foundation has
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A decade after the
Revolution, the foundation's assets totaled more than $ 20 billion, and included "some 140 factories, 470 agrobusinesses, 100 construction firms, 64 mines, and 250 commercial companies." By 1994, the foundation conducted six trillion rials' worth of business transactions, compared
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established the
Pahlavi Foundation as a tax-exempt charity in 1958. This foundation held the assets of Mohammad Reza Shah, his predecessor, and many of his family, who later served on the corporate board and received commissions. The Pahlavi Foundation's wealth was estimated at $ 3 billion at its
200:
It was founded in 1979 as a successor to the
Pahlavi Foundation. As an economic, cultural, and social welfare institution, the foundation controls manufacturing and industrial companies, whose profits are used—according to the foundation—to promote "the living standards of the disabled and poor
336:. It "controls 20% of the country's production of textiles ... two-thirds of all glass products and a dominant share also in tiles, chemicals, tires, foodstuffs." Its total value was estimated by one source at "as much as $ 12 billion," by another as "in all probability exceed $ 10 billion."
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The United States imposed sanctions and blacklisted the Bonyad
Mostazafan, an organization controlled by Khamenei. The sanctions froze U.S. assets and bared Americans from doing business with them. The foundation controls hundreds of properties confiscated since the 1979 revolution.
339:
Mostazafan's largest subsidiary is the
Agricultural and Food Industries Organization (AFIO), which owns more than 115 additional companies. Some of the foundation's contract work also includes large engineering projects, such as the construction of Terminal One of the
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Mostazafan also has a history of soliciting contract work abroad. It currently maintains economic connections with countries in the Middle East, Europe, Africa, and South Asia, as well as in Russia and other former states of the Soviet Union.
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In 2003, there was talk of the foundation "spinning off its social responsibilities" and becoming "a purely commercial conglomerate," leaving open the question of who would own it and why it should exist as a foundation.
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The
Pahlavi Foundation was said to have owned in Iran four leading hotels: the Hilton, the Vanak, the Evin and the Darband. The foundation gained international attention for purchasing the DePinna building on
263:(disabled) added to it. Sometime before December 2005 the foundation changed its name back to Bonyad Mostazafan as the "Martyrs and War Veterans Foundation" took over war veterans affairs.
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248:(Foundation of the Oppressed), and its economic assets increased by more than double after the property of fifty millionaires was confiscated and added to the endowment.
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The foundation is involved in numerous sectors of the economy, including shipping, metal, petrochemicals, construction materials, dams, towers, farming, horticulture,
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with 5.5 trillion rials collected by the government in taxes. By 1996 the foundation began taking government funds to cover welfare disbursements.
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The advantage of such charitable status was that the US authorities could not investigate the books of the
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individuals" of Iran and to "develop general public awareness with regards to history, books, museums, and cinema."
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Legally, the
Mostazafan Foundation, is neither a public entity, nor a private one. It is classified as a
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Bonyad-e
Mostazafan van Janbazan: Oppressed and Disabled Veterans Foundation (MJF)GlobalSecurity.org
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Foundation for the Preservation and Publication of Sacred Defense Works and Values
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Behdad, Sohrab. "From Populism to Economic Liberalism: The Iranian Predicament".
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Katzman, Kenneth. Iran's Bonyads: Economic Strengths and Weaknesses. 6 Aug 2006
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U.S. imposes sweeping sanctions on Iran, targets Khamenei-linked foundation
452:"Khamenei Reportedly Gives Tax-Exempt Status To Entities Under His Control"
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Following the Islamic Revolution, the Pahlavi Foundation was renamed the
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height. The Pahlavi Foundation was dogged by accusations of corruption.
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Important Revolutionary Guards who have headed the foundation include
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Organisations under the direct control of the Supreme Leader of Iran
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624:"BBCPersian.com | اقتصاد و بازرگانی | بنیاد مستضعفان تاجر جدید نفت"
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in 2003. the MJF has an estimated value of more than $ 3 billion.
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from 1982 to 1989 before heading the foundation until 1999; and
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in the Middle East. The foundation used to be directly run by
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Revolutionary institutions of the Islamic Republic of Iran
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According to one of the foundation's former directors,
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The Economy of Iran: The Dilemma of an Islamic State
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Mostazafan Foundation. About the Bonyad. 2 Oct. 2008
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Millionaire mullahs by Paul Klebnikov, 7 July 2003,
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813:Organizations established in 1958
206:Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps
554:Graham, Robert (23 April 2012).
454:. Radio Farda. 11 November 2018.
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173:Bonyad-e Mostazafan va Janbazan
741:Heads of Mostazafan Foundation
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187:National Iranian Oil Company
169:بنیاد مستضعفان انقلاب اسلامی
808:1958 establishments in Iran
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667:"The Rise of the Pasdaran"
560:. CRC Press. p. 232.
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222:Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi
828:Foundations based in Iran
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672:. Rand Corporation. 2009.
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522:A History of Modern Iran
474:Retrieved 15-March-2009.
183:Islamic Republic of Iran
181:, or foundation, in the
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594:Bonyad Chief Reinstated
500:25 October 2008 at the
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422:Originally printed in
292:nonprofit organization
57:; 44 years ago
504:Retrieved 15 May 2009
240:Mostazafan Foundation
55:21 February 1980
772:Mohammad Forouzandeh
520:Abrahamian, Ervand.
276:Mohammad Forouzandeh
272:Revolutionary Guards
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762:Mir-Hossein Mousavi
534:"A Bazaari's World"
312:Agriculture in Iran
246:Bonyad-e Mostazafan
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777:Mohammad Saeedikia
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757:Mohammad-Ali Rajai
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171:) formerly
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318:tourism
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