274:
256:
243:
116:
130:
304:
293:
186:
600:
failure to pay this sum often being met by declarations of war or an increase in attacks against the merchants of that nation. Partly due to the distance between them, countries such as
Denmark and Sweden did however often not have any other choice than to concede to the Barbary pirates' demands and would continue to pay and give luxury presents to the pirates. However, the start of the 19th century would see a great decline in the power and influence of said pirates. The Ottomans strengthening their control over
31:
173:
142:
682:
234:
225:
212:
104:
161:
838:
where the sultan finally agreed to the
Swedish/Norwegian and Danish demands to end the annual tribute, borrowing one last payment of 133 532 riksdaler from Sweden-Norway. However, until the treaty would become ratified, the fleets of Denmark and Sweden-Norway would continue to guard Swedish-Norwegian
612:
and
Denmark were notable exceptions as they were still being extorted for money by Morocco and merchants from said countries would have to regularly be escorted by their respective navies. However, Morocco was in a very weak state at this time, she was the only remaining Barbary state and she had not
574:
was a maritime expedition conducted by the nations of Sweden-Norway and
Denmark to militarily pressure the barbary state of Morocco into agreeing to the new stipulations as proposed by Danish and Swedish diplomats. One of the motives of the expedition was the reversal of several of the old and unfair
599:
were forced to sign numerous unfair treaties with the
Barbary pirates to ensure that their merchants would be able to travel through the Mediterranean without becoming the victim of a pirate attack. The Scandinavian nations were forced to pay hefty annual tributes to the numerous sultanates with the
669:
to ask the Swedes for their aid in their expedition in 1843. Sweden-Norway was also being extorted for money by the
Barbary pirates at this and was therefore willing to contribute to the military pressure pu upon Morocco to end their own annual payment of tributes. In the of spring 1844, after his
814:
where the Danes informed the Swedes of the diplomatic standstill with the
Moroccan sultan. C. h. Ulner, Gustaf Ruuth, and the Swedish-Norwegian general consul Ehrenoff would represent Sweden-Norway in the negotiations with Abd al-Rahman and the General consul Carstensen was the representative for
582:
proposed that the Danish and
Swedish fleets should join forces to militarily pressure Morocco to relinquish their attacks on Swedish and Danish merchants without the payment of tribute. The following year, the fleets of Sweden, Denmark, and Norway jointly embarked on their military expedition to
830:
While the negotiations would drag on, the crew of the
Scandinavian navies would dedicate their time to festivities and exploring Gibraltar. The day after Christmas, the Swedes would invite their Danish, Norwegian, and even British counterparts to take part in a traditional Swedish 'Annandag'
779:
s rudder which would inspire the corvette's doctor, Herman Sätherberg, to write a short poem named "Den lilla tuturduvan i spanskasjön" (The little singing dove in the bay of Biscay), and he would become quite popular back at home as a poet and a writer upon returning.
753:
where they would take the giraffe Hadgi onboard to take him home to Egypt. Hadgi had been a present from the
Egyptian pasha to Oscar I after his accession to the throne in March, however, the giraffe would die before making it to Egypt.
851:
would be signed by Ehrenoff and C. H. Ulner on the Swedish side and Buselham Ben-Ali on the Moroccan, the treaty would be ratified in Stockholm upon Ehrenoff's arrival. Both Ehrenoff and C. H. Ulner would receive the
399:
831:
celebration. The festivities continued on New Year's Eve where the Swedish, Norwegian, and Danish sailors would sing their respective national anthems during heavy rain as the clock turned 12.
638:, under Captain Paludan, received a secret order to travel down to Morocco with a small fleet in an attempt to end the annual tribute to the sultan. The flotilla was later joined by the brig
575:
treaties which stated that Sweden and Denmark would be required to pay an annual tribute to the Moroccan sultanate in order to be granted safe passage from the Barbary pirates.
787:
where they would be met by raised flags by the local Portuguese and British consulates before anchoring. The Swedes were welcomed by the British garrison and invited onboard
608:
were all events that greatly weakened the pirates and the annual payment of tributes to the barbary states was, for the most part, a thing of the past by 1830. However,
385:
1186:
1235:
847:
1845 would mark the last time either Sweden-Norway or Denmark would pay tribute to the Barbary pirates, though, they were the last in Europe to do so. The
741:
On 3 September, the Swedish flotilla arrived in Copenhagen where they received Danish pilots from the local Swedish consulate before continuing up through
757:
On the 15th, the flotilla left Elfsborg to resume its journey leaving Kattegat, along with the Danish pilots, behind. The next day, the fleet entered the
871:
in July after the treaty was ratified. However, she would capsize leading to 114 deaths which was the biggest Swedish maritime disaster in peace-time.
834:
From January 1845, the location of where the negotiations took place changed to the sultan's palace. Negotiations reached a breakthrough in April in
713:
was the largest of the deployed battleships, it hosted the commander C.H Ulner along with a 700-strong crew and around 70 cannons. The corvette
815:
Denmark, Fredrick Crusenstolpe would be the translator between the Scandinavians and Abd al-Rahman. The negotiations took place on the frigate
392:
1215:
621:
to end their collection of Danish tributes in a show of force. Sweden-Norway would join the Danish expedition a year later in 1844.
485:
1225:
1220:
1210:
470:
613:
been able to keep up with the technological advancements of the European navies. The weakened state of Morocco was enough for
454:
962:
1081:
506:
605:
885:
880:
823:. The French and the British had provided their diplomatic support to the Scandinavians, the French had recently
516:
662:
618:
584:
297:
920:
475:
1230:
1025:
853:
749:
under Captain Mourier after a short stay. After traveling up the Swedish west coast, they again anchored at
867:
would, however, seize guarding Swedish-Norwegian trade and received orders to conduct a new voyage towards
857:
480:
303:
292:
265:
185:
1050:"Consuls, Corsairs and Commerence - The Swedish consular service and Long-distance shipping, 1720-1815"
283:
278:
1049:
824:
30:
532:
449:
334:
260:
848:
788:
671:
501:
248:
84:
64:
868:
717:
under Gustaf Ruuth hosted a crew of 130 and was the second largest ship dispatched with the
433:
195:
552:
783:
The flotilla would enter the Mediterranean the next day on the 28th, they would sail by
726:
666:
614:
601:
596:
587:
finally agreed to the new stipulations proposed by the Danish and Swedish negotiators.
579:
217:
178:
1204:
1106:
769:
609:
547:
120:
1163:
675:
681:
802:
Upon arrival, the Swedes met up with the Danish navy and the Norwegian corvette
377:
921:"I främmande hamn – den svenska och svensk-norska konsulstjänsten 1700-1985"
827:
which strengthened the positions of the Scandinavian powers diplomatically.
772:. While passing by the southern tip of Portugal, a tired dove landed on the
758:
729:, though, it was under the command of C.H Ulner onboard the Swedish frigate
643:
69:
1124:
617:
to, in 1843, deploy the Danish navy to travel down to Morocco to pressure
762:
750:
742:
367:
358:
353:
339:
322:
1107:"Långresor och utlandsbesök med svenska örlogsfartyg mellan 1784 - 2005"
835:
807:
348:
189:
109:
59:
1142:
820:
784:
709:
set sail from Sweden under C.H Ulner to depart to the Mediterranean.
166:
146:
141:
134:
129:
680:
1082:"De vigtigste af danske foretagne Rejser og Forskninger i Afrika"
327:
583:
Morocco, and after a year of negotiations, the Moroccan Sultan
381:
839:
trade flowing through the area from any attacks from Morocco.
654:
under H. Aschehoug in 1844. Also present was the cutter brig
1125:"Sveriges förhållanden till Barbareskstaterna i Afrika"
670:
accession to the Swedish and Norwegian thrones, King
1026:"Korvetten Carlskronas resa till Medelhavet 1844-45"
661:However, even with such a force, negotiations with
16:
A joint Scandinavian military expedition to Morocco
761:during a hefty storm and would spend the night in
595:Throughout the 1700s, the nations of Sweden and
23:
393:
8:
745:on the 5th along with the Danish steamship
417:
400:
386:
378:
20:
860:for their actions during the expedition.
897:
646:the same year and also by the frigates
524:
493:
462:
441:
420:
665:remained at a standstill. This forced
1181:
1179:
1177:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1012:
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1008:
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1004:
1002:
1000:
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957:
7:
1236:United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway
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1156:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1044:
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994:
992:
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988:
986:
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978:
976:
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951:
949:
947:
945:
943:
941:
939:
937:
915:
913:
911:
909:
907:
905:
903:
901:
768:On the 27th, the Swedes entered the
678:to aid Denmark in their expedition.
697:On 2 September 1844, the corvette
606:French invasion of Algiers in 1830
14:
810:would be discussed on the Danish
721:being the smallest. The corvette
794:after a salute from the Swedes.
302:
291:
272:
254:
241:
232:
223:
210:
184:
171:
159:
140:
128:
114:
102:
35:Map of Morocco and Algeria, 1844
29:
693:The Swedish-Norwegian flottila
1:
634:In 1843, the Danish corvette
1143:"Söterifrihet - Sätherberg"
819:which had anchored outside
725:would be deployed from the
409:Swedish anti-piracy actions
1252:
930:(in Swedish). p. 152.
825:started a war with Morocco
806:, the situation regarding
685:The Swedish frigate HSwMS
963:"Johan Mathias Ehrenhoff"
886:Capture of the sloop Anne
881:Capture of Manuel Briones
415:
311:
203:
94:
39:
28:
1216:Expeditions from Denmark
1035:(in Swedish). p. 7.
663:Abd al-Rahman of Morocco
619:Abd al-Rahman of Morocco
578:In 1843 the Danish king
1226:Expeditions from Sweden
1221:Expeditions from Norway
1211:Naval history of Sweden
1187:"Marinen på 1800 talet"
854:Order of the Polar Star
674:agreed to dispatch the
650:, under HGF Garde, and
1033:Sjöhistoriskasamfundet
928:Sjöhistoriskasamfundet
858:Order of the Dannebrog
689:
204:Commanders and leaders
684:
737:Journey to Gibraltar
625:Departure to Morocco
630:The Danish flotilla
572:Moroccan expedition
331:1 Auxiliary vessel
24:Moroccan expedition
751:Elfsborgs fortress
705:, and the frigate
690:
83:Coalition victory;
849:Treaty of Larache
798:Stay at Gibraltar
565:
564:
560:
559:
376:
375:
90:
89:
85:Treaty of Larache
1243:
1195:
1194:
1183:
1172:
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1160:
1151:
1150:
1139:
1133:
1132:
1121:
1115:
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1103:
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1054:
1046:
1037:
1036:
1030:
1022:
971:
970:
959:
932:
931:
925:
917:
869:Saint Barthelemy
778:
418:
410:
402:
395:
388:
379:
307:Buselham Ben-Ali
306:
295:
287:
279:Mathias Ehrenoff
277:
276:
275:
269:
259:
258:
257:
246:
245:
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238:Captain Mourier
237:
236:
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229:Captain Paludan
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215:
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188:
177:
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33:
21:
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1052:
1048:
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1040:
1028:
1024:
1023:
974:
961:
960:
935:
923:
919:
918:
899:
894:
877:
845:
800:
776:
739:
701:, the schooner
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632:
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411:
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233:
231:
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224:
222:
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211:
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196:Barbary pirates
172:
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158:
157:
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139:
127:
115:
113:
112:
103:
101:
75:
74:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1249:
1247:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1231:Barbary piracy
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1196:
1191:Försvarsmakten
1173:
1168:Digital museum
1152:
1134:
1116:
1111:HMS Älvsnabben
1091:
1062:
1059:. p. 131.
1038:
972:
933:
896:
895:
893:
890:
889:
888:
883:
876:
873:
844:
841:
804:Nordenstiernan
799:
796:
738:
735:
727:Norwegian Navy
694:
691:
667:Christian VIII
631:
628:
626:
623:
615:Christian VIII
597:Denmark-Norway
592:
589:
580:Christian VIII
563:
562:
558:
557:
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555:
550:
542:
541:
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536:
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519:
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476:Mediterranean2
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471:Mediterranean1
465:
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314:
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218:Christian VIII
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179:United Kingdom
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1229:
1227:
1224:
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1193:(in Swedish).
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1188:
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1170:(in Swedish).
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1149:(in Swedish).
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1131:(in Swedish).
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1113:(in Swedish).
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969:(in Swedish).
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863:The corvette
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770:Bay of Biscay
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728:
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629:
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620:
616:
611:
610:Sweden-Norway
607:
603:
598:
590:
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585:Abd al-Rahman
581:
576:
573:
554:
551:
549:
548:Gustav Skytte
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298:Abd al-Rahman
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155:Supported by:
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121:Sweden-Norway
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65:Mediterranean
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50:
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43:
42:
38:
32:
27:
22:
1190:
1167:
1146:
1137:
1128:
1119:
1110:
1088:(in Danish).
1085:
1056:
1032:
966:
927:
864:
862:
846:
833:
829:
816:
811:
803:
801:
790:
782:
773:
767:
756:
746:
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730:
723:Nordstiernan
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
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686:
676:Swedish Navy
660:
655:
651:
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553:Johanna Hård
539:Prosecutions
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525:21st century
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494:19th century
463:18th century
442:17th century
426:14th century
423:Battles/Wars
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95:Belligerents
1164:"JOSEPHINE"
967:Riksarkivet
765:, England.
455:Saint Kitts
335:Cutter brig
282: [
264: [
261:C. H. Ulner
1205:Categories
1086:Tidsskrift
1057:Divaportal
892:References
865:Carlskrona
774:Carlskrona
715:Carlskrona
699:Carlskrona
591:Background
507:Cape Palos
434:Baltic Sea
843:Aftermath
817:Josephine
812:Merkurius
789:HMS
759:North Sea
731:Josephine
711:Josephine
707:Josephine
687:Josephine
656:Merkurius
644:Caribbean
642:from the
640:Set Croix
517:Guayaquil
70:Gibraltar
47:1843–1845
1147:Runeberg
1129:Runeberg
875:See also
856:and the
763:Ramsgate
743:Kattegat
604:and the
368:Corvette
359:Schooner
354:Corvette
340:Corvette
323:Frigates
318:Denmark:
312:Strength
52:Location
836:Larache
808:Morocco
719:l'Aigle
703:l'Aigle
672:Oscar I
602:Tripoli
533:Somalia
512:Morocco
502:Tripoli
486:Algeria
372:Unknown
363:Norway:
349:Frigate
344:Sweden:
249:Oscar I
190:Morocco
110:Denmark
60:Morocco
821:Tanger
791:Albion
785:Tanger
652:Thelis
648:Geifon
450:Kattan
176:
167:France
164:
147:Norway
135:Sweden
107:
80:Result
1053:(PDF)
1029:(PDF)
924:(PDF)
777:'
747:Hekla
636:Flora
481:Tunis
286:]
268:]
570:The
328:Brig
44:Date
1207::
1189:.
1176:^
1166:.
1155:^
1145:.
1127:.
1109:.
1094:^
1084:.
1065:^
1055:.
1041:^
1031:.
975:^
965:.
936:^
926:.
900:^
733:.
658:.
366:1
357:1
352:1
347:1
338:1
333:1
326:1
321:2
284:SV
266:SV
401:e
394:t
387:v
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