46:
514:
328:
33:
360:(covered with densely matted filaments). They are initially colorless, becoming pale tan, then dark grayish brown in maturity, eventually darkening to nearly black. They are flattened when young but sometimes become sharpened or eroded in maturity. The pits are somewhat elongated vertically. They are smooth, brownish to yellowish tan to pinkish to buff.
347:
that is 2.5β7.5 cm (1.0β3.0 in) high and 2β5 cm (0.8β2.0 in) wide at the widest point. The cap surface features pits and ridges, formed by the intersection of 12β20 primary vertical ridges and frequent shorter, secondary vertical ridges, with occasional sunken, horizontal ridges.
559:). They tend to appear in great numbers the year immediately following fire and appear in decreasing frequency in successive years. Fruiting occurs from April through July, at elevations between 1,000 and 1,500 m (3,300 and 4,900 ft). The distribution includes
367:
is 2β5 cm (0.8β2.0 in) long by 1.0β2.2 cm (0.4β0.9 in) wide and is roughly equal in width throughout its length, or sometimes slightly club-shaped near the base. Its surface is either smooth or covered with whitish granules. The
615:, increasing the overall growth of the grass, as well as the abundance of seeds and their tolerance to extreme heat (60β65 Β°C (140β149 Β°F)). This has been hypothesized to be a contributing factor in the success of cheatgrass as an
505:. Although there are subtle differences in the structure of the sterile ridges between the species, the authors were not confident that enough specimens had been examined to establish that these differences were consistent.
318:
from its ancestors roughly 25 million years ago. The original specimens collected were obtained as part of the Morel Data
Collection Project, a research effort designed to improve the understanding of North American morels.
219:
up to 7.5 cm (3 in) tall and 5 cm (2 in) wide, with a surface of mostly vertically arranged pits. The cap is initially yellowish to brownish, but it darkens to become almost black in maturity. The
419:
on the sterile cap ridges are septate and measure 50β180 by 5β25 ΞΌm. The terminal cells are variably shaped (similar to the paraphyses), and have brownish contents in KOH.
372:
is whitish, measuring 1β2 mm thick in the hollow cap; it may become layered and chambered in the base of the stipe. The sterile inner surface of the cap is whitish and
2458:
703:
407:, and measure 175β300 by 2β15 ΞΌm. Their tips are variably shaped, from rounded, to club-shaped, to fuse-shaped. The contents of the paraphyses are
2419:
303:
959:
787:
648:
Kuo M, Dewsbury DR, O'Donnell K, Carter MC, Rehner SA, Moore JD, Moncalvo JM, Canfield SA, Stephenson SL, Methven AS, Volk TJ (2012).
2511:
298:
on physical or ecological characteristics, they are clearly genetically distinct species, and can be differentiated by comparing
2521:
952:
2463:
45:
1617:
926:
735:
1677:
829:
Du X-H; Zhao Q; OβDonnell K; Rooney AP; Yang ZL. (2012). "Multigene molecular phylogenetics reveals true morels (
473:
2068:
1224:
1768:
1968:
1738:
1074:
1039:
1029:
649:
1049:
1019:
1009:
2526:
1918:
1808:
1477:
1383:
1214:
999:
602:
276:
1129:
1084:
501:, however, also grows in burn sites and so is both morphologically and ecologically indistinguishable from
224:
is white and hollow, measuring 2β5 cm (0.8β2.0 in) high by 1β2.2 cm (0.4β0.9 in) wide.
2516:
2348:
2167:
1928:
1908:
1878:
1657:
1607:
1547:
1139:
989:
945:
518:
2078:
2028:
2008:
1858:
1838:
1778:
1567:
1094:
2506:
2227:
1868:
1848:
1627:
1597:
1457:
1447:
1437:
1269:
549:
540:
467:
455:
307:
242:
140:
2257:
2247:
2207:
2058:
2018:
1978:
1958:
1828:
1798:
1748:
2277:
2237:
2187:
2147:
2038:
1988:
1938:
708:) reveals an early Cretaceous origin and high continental endemism and provincialism in the Holarctic"
283:(brown morels) elucidated by microbiologist Kerry O'Donnell and colleagues in a 2011 publication. The
2411:
2393:
2197:
1998:
1888:
1788:
1717:
1667:
1587:
1497:
1393:
1313:
913:
588:
584:
446:
208:
2327:
2107:
2317:
2307:
2297:
2287:
2137:
2117:
1948:
1898:
1818:
1758:
1707:
1647:
1637:
1577:
1557:
1527:
1487:
1363:
1343:
1333:
1303:
1293:
1259:
412:
248:
2267:
2217:
203:). It has also been found in China, although it is not known if this is a result of an accidental
2501:
2177:
2048:
1413:
1353:
1323:
681:
592:
560:
373:
315:
236:
204:
180:
40:
869:
2471:
2380:
1697:
1507:
1467:
1403:
892:
850:
783:
727:
673:
544:
461:
344:
336:
216:
2476:
1537:
1189:
1179:
1104:
884:
842:
719:
665:
616:
513:
369:
364:
349:
327:
221:
32:
1517:
1373:
607:
576:
555:
497:
is restricted to a northern distribution (about 44Β°N northward) in eastern North
America.
490:
427:
200:
804:
2406:
2127:
1164:
919:
353:
284:
2495:
979:
969:
176:
107:
87:
757:
685:
481:
can be distinguished from these latter three lookalikes by habitat or distribution:
2385:
2157:
299:
261:
356:
about 2β4 mm deep and 2β4 mm wide. The ridges are smooth or very finely
888:
2432:
2371:
937:
1204:
1119:
846:
723:
536:
400:
388:
196:
169:
77:
1239:
1064:
612:
380:
357:
117:
97:
57:
896:
854:
731:
677:
2445:
2365:
931:
532:
522:
231:
212:
179:. Described as new to science in 2012, it is found in North America (in
2424:
572:
568:
408:
396:
192:
188:
2437:
2450:
702:
O'Donnell K, Rooney AP, Mills GL, Kuo M, Weber NS, Rehner SA (2011).
404:
172:
67:
2342:
868:
Baynes MA; Newcombe G; Dixon L; Castlebury L; OβDonnell K. (2012).
669:
605:
species "Mel-6", has been shown to colonize the non-native species
387:
are elliptical and smooth, typically measuring 18β25 by 10β16
310:
is thought to have been the driving evolutionary force that caused
2097:
1154:
564:
512:
416:
392:
326:
280:
184:
2398:
399:(translucent), cylindrical, and measure 200β325 by 5β25 ΞΌm.
2346:
941:
583:
has also been found in China, but it remains unclear whether
234:-adapted morels in western North America, the others being
449:
indistinguishable from several other morel species in the
485:
is found in non-burned forests of western North
America;
343:
are 4β10.5 cm (1.6β4.1 in) high with a conical
704:"Phylogeny and historical biogeography of true morels (
870:"A novel plant-fungal mutualism associated with fire"
782:. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press.
697:
695:
2355:
2095:
1730:
1426:
1282:
1248:
1237:
1202:
1177:
1152:
1117:
1062:
977:
547:, particularly those dominated by Douglas fir (
434:was not mentioned in its original description.
953:
8:
543:. Its fruit bodies grow in partially burned
521:, California, in an area burned by the 2013
411:(translucent) to faintly brownish in dilute
290:alludes to this preliminary name. Although
2343:
1245:
960:
946:
938:
643:
641:
639:
637:
635:
633:
631:
279:species "Mel-6" in the species-rich Elata
31:
20:
833:) are especially species-rich in China".
587:between these distant locations occurred
395:(spore-bearing cells) are eight-spored,
304:restriction fragment length polymorphism
758:"Morel Data Collection Project Records"
627:
256:cannot be reliably distinguished from
1050:
1040:
1030:
1020:
1010:
1000:
990:
7:
650:"Taxonomic revision of true morels (
376:(covered with short, soft "hair").
1225:
1215:
1140:
1130:
654:) in Canada and the United States"
509:Habitat, distribution, and ecology
14:
2079:
2069:
2059:
2049:
2039:
2029:
2019:
2009:
1999:
1989:
1979:
1969:
1959:
1949:
1939:
1929:
1919:
1909:
1899:
1889:
1879:
1869:
1859:
1849:
1839:
1829:
1819:
1809:
1799:
1789:
1779:
1769:
1759:
1749:
1739:
1718:
1708:
1698:
1688:
1678:
1668:
1658:
1648:
1638:
1628:
1618:
1608:
1598:
1588:
1578:
1568:
1558:
1548:
1538:
1528:
1518:
1508:
1498:
1488:
1478:
1468:
1458:
1448:
1438:
1414:
1404:
1394:
1384:
1374:
1364:
1354:
1344:
1334:
1324:
1314:
1304:
1294:
1270:
1260:
1105:
1095:
1085:
1075:
1190:
426:are generally considered choice
44:
1:
2328:
2318:
2308:
2298:
2288:
2278:
2268:
2258:
2248:
2238:
2228:
2218:
2208:
2198:
2188:
2178:
2168:
2158:
2148:
2138:
2128:
2118:
2108:
1165:
363:The whitish to pale brownish
275:was originally identified as
889:10.1016/j.funbio.2011.10.008
294:is not distinguishable from
835:Fungal Genetics and Biology
712:Fungal Genetics and Biology
517:A group of fruit bodies in
348:The cap is attached to the
2543:
619:in western North America.
539:at different times in its
230:is one of four species of
1731:Unresolved classification
1621:. mediteterraneensis
847:10.1016/j.fgb.2012.03.006
724:10.1016/j.fgb.2010.09.006
146:
139:
41:Scientific classification
39:
30:
23:
756:Kuo M. (December 2012).
2512:Fungi described in 2012
2072:. umbrinovelutipes
803:Kuo M. (October 2010).
495:M. septentrionalis
474:M. septentrionalis
430:, but the edibility of
215:have a roughly conical
2522:Fungi of North America
1772:. conicopapyracea
1681:. septentrionalis
1228:. ophthalmosporum
591:or through accidental
553:) and ponderosa pine (
525:
519:Yosemite National Park
332:
331:An immature fruit body
2171:. digitaliformis
1972:. pseudovulgaris
1742:. anteridiformis
1078:. ferruginascens
550:Pseudotsuga menziesii
516:
489:is found east of the
330:
308:Allopatric speciation
296:Morchella septimelata
1812:. guatemalensis
1387:. sceptriformis
811:. MushroomExpert.com
760:. MushroomExpert.com
2357:Morchella sextelata
2231:. helvelloides
1922:. norvegiensis
1661:. purpurascens
1481:. conifericola
1218:. carthusianum
927:Morchella sextelata
914:Morchella sextelata
807:Morchella sextelata
611:(cheatgrass) as an
599:Morchella sextelata
529:Morchella sextelata
499:M. septimelata
487:M. angusticeps
479:M. septimelata
468:M. angusticeps
456:M. septimelata
443:Morchella sextelata
413:potassium hydroxide
341:Morchella sextelata
273:Morchella sextelata
260:without the use of
258:M. septimelata
243:M. septimelata
228:Morchella sextelata
165:Morchella sextelata
150:Morchella sextelata
25:Morchella sextelata
2261:. morchellula
2251:. krombholzii
2211:. fulvocincta
1631:. populiphila
1601:. laurentiana
1461:. australiana
1451:. arbutiphila
1441:. angusticeps
1273:. rufobrunnea
1088:. maturescens
526:
333:
2487:
2486:
2472:Open Tree of Life
2349:Taxon identifiers
2340:
2339:
2281:. perpusilla
2241:. indigocola
2191:. ferruginea
2151:. chicoensis
2091:
2090:
2002:. rigidoides
1932:. patagonica
1912:. neuwirthii
1892:. meiliensis
1882:. intermedia
1792:. deqinensis
1721:. tridentina
1671:. semilibera
1611:. magnispora
1591:. kakiicolor
1551:. eximioides
1501:. disparilis
1397:. steppicola
1317:. diminutiva
1133:. macrospora
1043:. terrestris
1033:. phragmitis
789:978-0-472-03036-1
581:M. sextelata
503:M. sextelata
453:clade, including
432:M. sextelata
403:are cylindrical,
385:M. sextelata
312:M. sextelata
292:M. sextelata
254:M. sextelata
249:M. tomentosa
161:
160:
132:M. sextelata
16:Species of fungus
2534:
2480:
2479:
2467:
2466:
2454:
2453:
2441:
2440:
2428:
2427:
2415:
2414:
2402:
2401:
2389:
2388:
2376:
2375:
2374:
2344:
2330:
2320:
2310:
2300:
2290:
2280:
2270:
2260:
2250:
2240:
2230:
2220:
2210:
2201:. formosana
2200:
2190:
2180:
2170:
2160:
2150:
2140:
2130:
2120:
2110:
2082:. vaporaria
2081:
2071:
2061:
2051:
2041:
2032:. tasmanica
2031:
2021:
2012:. smithiana
2011:
2001:
1991:
1981:
1971:
1961:
1952:. pragensis
1951:
1941:
1931:
1921:
1911:
1902:. miyabeana
1901:
1891:
1881:
1871:
1862:. hungarica
1861:
1851:
1842:. hortensis
1841:
1831:
1822:. herediana
1821:
1811:
1801:
1791:
1782:. crassipes
1781:
1771:
1762:. bicostata
1761:
1751:
1741:
1720:
1711:. tomentosa
1710:
1700:
1691:. sextelata
1690:
1680:
1670:
1660:
1651:. punctipes
1650:
1641:. pulchella
1640:
1630:
1620:
1610:
1600:
1590:
1581:. importuna
1580:
1571:. feekensis
1570:
1561:. exuberans
1560:
1550:
1540:
1531:. eohespera
1530:
1520:
1510:
1500:
1491:. deliciosa
1490:
1480:
1470:
1460:
1450:
1440:
1416:
1406:
1396:
1386:
1376:
1367:. palazonii
1366:
1356:
1347:. fluvialis
1346:
1337:. esculenta
1336:
1326:
1316:
1307:. castaneae
1306:
1297:. americana
1296:
1272:
1263:. anatolica
1262:
1246:
1227:
1217:
1192:
1167:
1143:. subcaulis
1142:
1132:
1107:
1098:. rufescens
1097:
1087:
1077:
1053:. tillettei
1052:
1042:
1032:
1023:. palmicola
1022:
1013:. micheneri
1012:
1002:
992:
962:
955:
948:
939:
901:
900:
874:
865:
859:
858:
826:
820:
819:
817:
816:
800:
794:
793:
775:
769:
768:
766:
765:
753:
747:
746:
744:
743:
734:. Archived from
699:
690:
689:
645:
617:invasive species
601:, identified as
285:specific epithet
237:M. capitata
168:is a species of
152:
49:
48:
35:
21:
2542:
2541:
2537:
2536:
2535:
2533:
2532:
2531:
2492:
2491:
2488:
2483:
2475:
2470:
2462:
2457:
2449:
2444:
2436:
2431:
2423:
2418:
2410:
2405:
2397:
2392:
2384:
2379:
2370:
2369:
2364:
2351:
2341:
2336:
2331:. speciosa
2131:. bohemica
2111:. atroalba
2087:
2052:. tibetica
1872:. inamoena
1852:. hotsonii
1726:
1422:
1417:. vulgaris
1357:. galilaea
1327:. dunensis
1278:
1233:
1198:
1173:
1168:. gigantea
1148:
1113:
1058:
1003:. cristata
973:
966:
909:
904:
872:
867:
866:
862:
828:
827:
823:
814:
812:
802:
801:
797:
790:
778:Kuo M. (2005).
777:
776:
772:
763:
761:
755:
754:
750:
741:
739:
701:
700:
693:
647:
646:
629:
625:
608:Bromus tectorum
577:Yukon Territory
556:Pinus ponderosa
545:conifer forests
511:
491:Rocky Mountains
483:M. brunnea
462:M. brunnea
447:morphologically
440:
438:Similar species
422:North American
325:
270:
201:Yukon Territory
157:
154:
148:
135:
43:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2540:
2538:
2530:
2529:
2527:Fungus species
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2494:
2493:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2481:
2468:
2455:
2442:
2429:
2416:
2403:
2390:
2377:
2361:
2359:
2353:
2352:
2347:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2334:
2324:
2321:. sauteri
2314:
2311:. rugipes
2304:
2301:. pusilla
2294:
2291:. pusilla
2284:
2274:
2264:
2254:
2244:
2234:
2224:
2214:
2204:
2194:
2184:
2174:
2164:
2154:
2144:
2141:. candida
2134:
2124:
2121:. bispora
2114:
2103:
2101:
2093:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2086:
2085:
2075:
2065:
2062:. umbrina
2055:
2045:
2035:
2025:
2022:. sulcata
2015:
2005:
1995:
1985:
1982:. rielana
1975:
1965:
1962:. procera
1955:
1945:
1935:
1925:
1915:
1905:
1895:
1885:
1875:
1865:
1855:
1845:
1835:
1832:. hetieri
1825:
1815:
1805:
1802:. distans
1795:
1785:
1775:
1765:
1755:
1752:. apicata
1745:
1734:
1732:
1728:
1727:
1725:
1724:
1714:
1704:
1701:. snyderi
1694:
1684:
1674:
1664:
1654:
1644:
1634:
1624:
1614:
1604:
1594:
1584:
1574:
1564:
1554:
1544:
1534:
1524:
1514:
1511:. dunalii
1504:
1494:
1484:
1474:
1471:. brunnea
1464:
1454:
1444:
1433:
1431:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1420:
1410:
1407:. ulmaria
1400:
1390:
1380:
1370:
1360:
1350:
1340:
1330:
1320:
1310:
1300:
1289:
1287:
1280:
1279:
1277:
1276:
1266:
1255:
1253:
1243:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1231:
1221:
1210:
1208:
1200:
1199:
1197:
1196:
1193:. brunnea
1185:
1183:
1175:
1174:
1172:
1171:
1160:
1158:
1150:
1149:
1147:
1146:
1136:
1125:
1123:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1111:
1101:
1091:
1081:
1070:
1068:
1060:
1059:
1057:
1056:
1046:
1036:
1026:
1016:
1006:
996:
985:
983:
975:
974:
967:
965:
964:
957:
950:
942:
936:
935:
923:
920:Index Fungorum
908:
907:External links
905:
903:
902:
877:Fungal Biology
860:
821:
795:
788:
770:
748:
691:
670:10.3852/11-375
664:(5): 1159β77.
626:
624:
621:
531:may be either
510:
507:
439:
436:
324:
321:
269:
266:
175:in the family
159:
158:
155:
144:
143:
137:
136:
129:
127:
123:
122:
115:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
55:
51:
50:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2539:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2517:Fungi of Asia
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2499:
2497:
2490:
2478:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2447:
2443:
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2271:. patula
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2223:
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2221:. grisea
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2173:
2172:
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2163:
2162:
2161:. conica
2155:
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2042:. tatari
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2014:
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2006:
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1996:
1994:
1993:
1992:. rigida
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1984:
1983:
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1966:
1964:
1963:
1956:
1954:
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1942:. patula
1936:
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993:. athrix
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963:
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738:on 2021-01-31
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717:
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451:M. elata
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346:
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309:
305:
301:
300:DNA sequences
297:
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274:
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259:
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250:
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229:
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190:
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182:
178:
177:Morchellaceae
174:
171:
167:
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153:
151:
145:
142:
141:Binomial name
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134:
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124:
121:
120:
116:
113:
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109:
108:Morchellaceae
106:
103:
102:
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93:
92:
89:
88:Pezizomycetes
86:
83:
82:
79:
76:
73:
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69:
66:
63:
62:
59:
56:
53:
52:
47:
42:
38:
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26:
22:
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2507:Edible fungi
2489:
2356:
2326:
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2306:
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2186:
2181:. dubia
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1957:
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1937:
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1521:. elata
1516:
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1377:. prava
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593:introduction
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277:phylogenetic
272:
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262:DNA analysis
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227:
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213:fruit bodies
205:introduction
164:
163:
162:
156:M.Kuo (2012)
149:
147:
131:
130:
118:
24:
18:
2433:iNaturalist
1251:Rufobrunnea
595:by humans.
537:mycorrhizal
323:Description
207:or natural
2496:Categories
1205:Leucangium
1120:Fischerula
815:2014-10-05
764:2014-10-05
742:2018-12-29
623:References
561:Washington
541:life cycle
401:Paraphyses
381:ascospores
306:analysis.
209:dispersion
197:New Mexico
181:Washington
170:ascomycete
78:Ascomycota
74:Division:
2502:Morchella
1429:Distantes
1285:Morchella
1240:Morchella
1065:Disciotis
831:Morchella
706:Morchella
658:Mycologia
652:Morchella
613:endophyte
589:naturally
585:dispersal
424:Morchella
374:pubescent
358:tomentose
288:sextelata
126:Species:
119:Morchella
98:Pezizales
64:Kingdom:
58:Eukaryota
2446:MycoBank
2407:Fungorum
2399:29302361
2372:Q6909548
2366:Wikidata
1427:Section
1283:Section
1249:Section
1180:Kalapuya
932:MycoBank
897:22208608
855:22503770
732:20888422
686:45219627
678:22495449
533:saprobic
523:Rim Fire
302:or with
268:Taxonomy
232:wildfire
104:Family:
54:Domain:
2464:1174677
2425:7561838
972:species
968:Extant
573:Wyoming
569:Montana
428:edibles
415:(KOH).
409:hyaline
405:septate
397:hyaline
352:with a
316:diverge
193:Wyoming
189:Montana
114:Genus:
94:Order:
84:Class:
2477:849544
2451:563955
2438:518963
2412:563955
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493:; and
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246:, and
211:. The
199:, and
173:fungus
2386:44CRN
2098:Verpa
1155:Imaia
873:(PDF)
682:S2CID
565:Idaho
370:flesh
365:stipe
354:sinus
350:stipe
281:clade
222:stipe
185:Idaho
68:Fungi
2459:NCBI
2420:GBIF
893:PMID
851:PMID
784:ISBN
728:PMID
674:PMID
393:Asci
379:The
335:The
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2381:CoL
930:in
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2249:V
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2199:V
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2129:V
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2109:V
2080:M
2070:M
2060:M
2050:M
2040:M
2030:M
2020:M
2010:M
2000:M
1990:M
1980:M
1970:M
1960:M
1950:M
1940:M
1930:M
1920:M
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1900:M
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