Le Morte d'Arthur - Knowledge (XXG)

472: 1450:, a young French orphan prince, as King Arthur's most revered knight through numerous episodic adventures, some of which he presented in comedic manner. Lancelot always adheres to the Pentecostal Oath, assisting ladies in distress and giving mercy for honourable enemies he has defeated in combat. However, the world Lancelot lives in is too complicated for simple mandates and, although Lancelot aspires to live by an ethical code, the actions of others make it difficult. Other issues are demonstrated when Morgan enchants Lancelot, which reflects a feminization of magic, and in how the prominence of jousting tournament fighting in this tale indicates a shift away from battlefield warfare towards a more mediated and virtuous form of violence. 737:

books and sections." Vinaver made an exhaustive comparison of the manuscript with Caxton's edition and reached similar conclusions. Microscopic examination revealed that ink smudges on the Winchester manuscript are offsets of newly printed pages set in Caxton's own font, which indicates that the Winchester Manuscript was in Caxton's print shop. The manuscript is believed to be closer on the whole to Malory's original and does not have the book and chapter divisions for which Caxton takes credit in his preface. It has been digitised by a Japanese team, who note that "the text is imperfect, as the manuscript lacks the first and last quires and few leaves. The most striking feature of the manuscript is the

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imposed by religion foreshadows almost certain failure on the part of the knights. For instance, Gawain refuses to do penance for his sins, claiming the tribulations that coexist with knighthood as a sort of secular penance. Likewise, the flawed Lancelot, for all his sincerity, is unable to completely escape his adulterous love of Guinevere, and is thus destined to fail where Galahad will succeed. This coincides with the personification of perfection in the form of Galahad, a virgin wielding the power of God. Galahad's life, uniquely entirely without sin, makes him a model of a holy knight that cannot be emulated through secular chivalry.

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abridging of much of the source material, especially in the early parts concerning Arthur's backstory and his rise to power (preferring the later adventures of the knights), apparently acting on an authorial assumption that the reader knows the story already and resulting in the problem of omitting important things "thereby often rendering his text obscure", and how he would sometimes turn descriptions of characters into proper names. Because there is so much lengthy ground to cover, Malory uses "so—and—then", often to transition his retelling of the stories that become episodes instead of instances that can stand on their own.

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to the madness of Lancelot); the 15-year-long period of Book V, also spanning Books IV (takes place after Cote de Mal Tale), II (takes place between King Mark and Alexander the Orphan) and III (takes place between Alexander the Orphan and the Tournament of Surluse); Lancelot meets Bliant after the Tournament of Lonezep towards the end of Lancelot and Elaine section; the section of Sir Palomides takes place after Lancelot returns to Arthur's Court; and finally Books VI, VII and VIII in a straightforward sequence beginning with the closing part of Book V (the Conclusion section).

49: 609:. At the end of the work, Caxton added: "Thus endeth this noble & joyous book entytled le morte Darthur, Notwythstondyng it treateth of the byrth, lyf, and actes of the sayd kynge Arthur; of his noble knyghtes of the rounde table, theyr meruayllous enquestes and aduentures, thachyeuyng of the sangreal, & in thende the dolorous deth & departynge out of this worlde of them al." Caxton separated Malory's eight books into 21 books, subdivided the books into a total of 506 chapters, and added a summary of each chapter as well as a 748:, Vinaver argued that Malory wrote not a single book, but rather a series of Arthurian tales, each of which is an internally consistent and independent work. However, William Matthews pointed out that Malory's later tales make frequent references to the earlier events, suggesting that he had wanted the tales to cohere better but had not sufficiently revised the whole text to achieve this. This was followed by much debate in the late 20th-century academia over which version is superior, Caxton's print or Malory's original vision. 1874: 825: 1690: 698: 1424: 1494: 2022:. It was issued in 12 volumes between June 1893 and mid-1894, and met with only modest success, but was later described as Beardsley's first masterpiece, launching what has come to be known as the "Beardsley look". It was Beardsley's first major commission, and included nearly 585 chapter openings, borders, initials, ornaments and full- or double-page illustrations. The majority of the Dent edition illustrations were reprinted by 752:

shorter. In addition, the Winchester manuscript has none of the customary marks indicating to the compositor where chapter headings and so on were to be added. It has therefore been argued that the Winchester manuscript was not the copy from which Caxton prepared his edition; rather it seems that Caxton either wrote out a different version himself for the use of his compositor, or used another version prepared by Malory.

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supreme knightly qualities, something that Malory himself did not appear to be fully comfortable with as it seems to have clashed with his personal ideal of knighthood. Although a catalyst of the fall of Camelot, as it was in the French romantic prose cycle tradition, the moral handling of the adultery between Lancelot and Guinevere in

1312:(though Arthur did not know her as his sister). On Merlin's advice, Arthur then takes away every newborn boy in his kingdom and all of them but Mordred (who miraculously survives and eventually indeed will kill his father in the end) perish at sea; this is mentioned matter-of-factly, with no apparent moral overtone. 1709:. Gawain, bent on revenge, prompts Arthur into a long and bitter war with Lancelot. After they leave to pursue Lancelot in France, where Gawain is mortally injured in a duel with Lancelot (and later finally reconciles with him on his death bed), Mordred seizes the throne and takes control of Arthur's kingdom. At 2157:(1938–1977) is a famous and influential retelling of Malory's work. White rewrote the story in his own fashion. His rendition contains intentional and obvious anachronisms and social-political commentary on contemporary matters. White made Malory himself a character and bestowed upon him the highest praise. 1593:

as well as the longest of his eight books. The variety of episodes and the alleged lack of coherence in the Tristan narrative raise questions about its role in Malory's text. However, the book foreshadows the rest of the text as well as including and interacting with characters and tales discussed in

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Malory's writing can be divisive today: sometimes seen as simplistic from an artistic viewpoint, "rambling" and full of repetitions, however there are also opposite opinions, such as of those regarding it a "supreme aesthetic accomplishment". Other aspects of Malory's writing style include his abrupt

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Prior to Caxton's reorganization, Malory's work originally consisted of eight volumes (one of them was also divided into two parts). The following list uses Winchester Manuscript (Malory's "Syr" is usually rendered "Sir" today) as well as William Caxton's print edition and modern titles by Arthurian

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are closest to the dialect of Lincolnshire. McIntosh argues, however, that this does not necessarily rule out the Warwickshire Malory as the possible author; he points out that it could be that the Warwickshire Malory consciously imitated the style and vocabulary of romance literature typical of the

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examined the manuscript shortly after its discovery. Oakeshott was encouraged to produce an edition himself, but he ceded the project to Vinaver. Based on his initial study of the manuscript, Oakeshott concluded in 1935 that the copy from which Caxton printed his edition "was already subdivided into

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magazine in September 1897. This Mallory was born in Shropshire in 1425, the son of Sir William Mallory, although there is no indication in the will that he was himself a knight; he died within six weeks of the will being made. It has been suggested that the fact that he appears to have been brought

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According to the timeline proposed by P.J.C. Field, Sir Thomas of Newbold Revel inherited the family estate in 1434, but by 1450 he was fully engaged in a life of crime. As early as 1433, he had been accused of theft, but the more serious allegations against him included that of the attempted murder

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Charles Moorman attempted to put the books of the Winchester Manuscript in chronological order. In his analysis, Malory's intended chronology can be divided into three parts: Book I followed by a 20-year interval that includes some events of Book V (Lancelot and Elaine - from the meeting of the two

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copy of the work in June 1934, during the cataloguing of the college's library. Newspaper accounts announced that what Caxton had published in 1485 was not exactly what Malory had written. Oakeshott published "The Finding of the Manuscript" in 1963, chronicling the initial event and his realization

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summarizes the importance of Malory's work thus: "It was probably always a popular work: it was first printed by William Caxton (...) and has been read by generations of readers ever since. In a literary sense, Malory's text is the most important of all the treatments of Arthurian legend in English

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This identification was widely accepted through most of the 20th century based on the assumption that this candidate was born around 1416. The 1416 date was proposed by Field, contradicting the original record of this knight's military service record by Dugdale. In 1966, Matthews published original

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from adultery to service by having Lancelot dedicate doing everything he does for Queen Guinevere, the wife of his lord and friend Arthur, but avoid (for a time being) to committing to an adulterous relationship with her. Nevertheless, it is still her love that is the ultimate source of Lancelot's

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Caxton's edition differs from the Winchester manuscript in many places. As well as numerous small differences on every page, there is also a major difference both in style and content in Malory's Book II (Caxton's Book V), describing the war with the Emperor Lucius, where Caxton's version is much

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itself seems to be much more the work of a knight of the church than a secular repeat offender, as evidenced by Malory's own conclusion (rendered in Modern English): "... pray for me while I am in life that God send me good deliverance, and when I am dead I pray you all pray for my soul; for this

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to overthrow King Edward. William Matthews, having given evidence of this candidate's advanced age at the time of the Northumberland campaign and living much further to the South, interprets this record as referring to his own proposed candidate for authorship. Field proposed that it was during a

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After the confusion of the secular moral code he manifested within the previous book, Malory attempts to construct a new mode of chivalry by placing an emphasis on religion. Christianity and the Church offer a venue through which the Pentecostal Oath can be upheld, whereas the strict moral code

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has long been the subject of speculation, as at least six historical figures bore the name of "Sir Thomas Malory" (in various spellings) during the late 15th century. In the work, the author describes himself as "Knyght presoner Thomas Malleorre" ("Sir Thomas Maleore" according to the publisher

1521:, Gareth hides his identity as a nameless squire at Camelot as to achieve his knighthood in the most honest and honourable way. While this particular story is not directly based on any existing text unlike most of the content of previous volumes, it resembles various Arthurian romances of the 444:

in the late 1460s. Matthews' interpretation was not widely accepted, primarily because he could not find evidence that the Yorkshireman was a knight. Cecelia Lampp Linton, however, has provided extensive detail about the Malorys of Yorkshire and offered evidence that Thomas of Yorkshire was a

1331:, the prose style, which mimics historical documents of the time, lends an air of authority to the whole work. This allowed contemporaries to read the book as a history rather than as a work of fiction, therefore making it a model of order for Malory's violent and chaotic times during the 387:: in prison in his mid-70s to early 80s, when, in Matthews' words, "the medieval view was that by sixty a man was bean fodder and forage, ready for nothing but death's pit." Because no other contemporary Thomas Malory had been shown to have been knighted, the question remained unresolved. 1411:). Caxton's print version is abridged by more than half compared to Malory's manuscript. Vinaver theorized that Malory originally wrote this part first as a standalone work, while without knowledge of French romances. In effect, there is a time lapse that includes Arthur's war with King 5112: 249:, along with their respective folklore. In order to tell a "complete" story of Arthur from his conception to his death, Malory compiled, rearranged, interpreted and modified material from various French and English sources. Today, this is one of the best-known works of 755:

The Winchester manuscript does not appear to have been copied out by Malory himself; rather, it seems to have been a presentation copy made by two scribes who, judging from certain dialect forms which they introduced into the text, appear to have come from

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in 1860. Knowles described it as "an abridgment of Sir Thomas Malory's version ... with a few additions from Geoffrey of Monmouth and other sources—and an endeavor to arrange the many tales into a more or less consecutive story." Originally illustrated by

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and that closest to Malory's original version. Modern editions under myriad titles are inevitably variable, changing spelling, grammar and pronouns for the convenience of readers of modern English, as well as often abridging or revising the material.

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and has demonstrated that this Malory would have had ready access to these documents. Accepting Linton's evidence would remove the primary objection to his authorship, making the contradictions presented by the Newbold Revel knight irrelevant. The

947:, Malory intended "to set down in English a unified Arthuriad which should have as its great theme the birth, the flowering, and the decline of an almost perfect earthy civilization." Moorman identified three main motifs going through the work: 864:). Arthurian myth is set during the 5th to 6th centuries; however, Malory's telling contains many anachronisms and makes no effort at historical accuracy–even more so than his sources. Earlier romance authors have already depicted the " 1824:'s introduction and notes including summaries of the original French material from the Vulgate tradition in 1817. Afterwards, Caxton became the basis for many subsequent editions until the 1934 discovery of the Winchester Manuscript. 382:

campaign by 1414 or 1415; confirming Dugdale's original record and placing this knight's birth around 1393. Some late 20th-century researchers cast a doubt that this would make the Newbold Revel knight far too old to have written

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is viewed as a text in which Malory is attempting to define the concept of knighthood, then the tale of Tristan becomes its critique, rather than Malory attempting to create an ideal knight as he does in some of the other books.

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Within his narration, Malory refers to drawing it from a singular "Freynshe booke", in addition to also unspecified "other bookis". In addition to the vast Vulgate Cycle in its different variants, as well as the English poems

3949:"§4. Style of the "Morte d'Arthur". XIV. English Prose in the Fifteenth Century. II. Vol. 2. The End of the Middle Ages. The Cambridge History of English and American Literature: An Encyclopedia in Eighteen Volumes. 1907–21" 1750:, the book "celebrates the greatness of the Arthurian world on the eve of its ruin. As the magnificent fellowship turns violently upon itself, death and destruction also produce repentance, forgiveness, and salvation." 471: 616:

The first printing of Malory's work was made by Caxton in 1485, becoming one of the first books to be ever printed in England. Only two copies of this original printing are known to exist, in the collections of the

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The continued story of Lancelot's romance with Guinevere. Lancelot completes a series of trials to prove being worthy of the Queen's love, culminating in his rescue of her from the abduction by the renegade knight

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succeed in revealing Guinevere's adultery and Arthur sentences her to burn. Lancelot's rescue party raids the execution, killing several loyal knights of the Round Table, including Gawain's brothers Gareth and

2839:. (The introduction by John Matthews praises the Winchester text but then states this edition is based on the Pollard version of the Caxton text, with eight additions from the Winchester manuscript.) 493:, "Malory did not invent the stories in this collection; he translated and compiled them. Malory in fact translated Arthurian stories that already existed in 13th-century French prose (the so-called 1784:

The History of the Renowned Prince Arthur, King of Britain; with His Life and Death, and All His Glorious Battles. Likewise, the Noble Acts and Heroic Deeds of His Valiant Knights of the Round Table

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Modernized editions update the late Middle English spelling, update some pronouns, and re-punctuate and re-paragraph the text. Others furthermore update the phrasing and vocabulary to contemporary

1391:. After that, the story details Arthur's march on Rome through Almaine (Germany) and Italy. Following a series of battles resulting in the great victory over Lucius and his allies, and the 463:

book was ended the ninth year of the reign of King Edward the Fourth by Sir Thomas Maleore, knight, as Jesus help him by his great might, as he is the servant of Jesus both day and night."

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was completed in 1469 or 1470 ("the ninth year of the reign of King Edward IV"), according to a note at the end of the book. It is believed that Malory's original title intended was to be

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Ed. Sommer, H. Oskar (1889–91). 3 vol. London: David Nutt. The text of Malory from this edition without Sommer's annotation and commentary and selected texts of Malory's sources.

661:(1634), each of which contained additional changes and errors. Stansby's edition, based on East's, was also deliberately censored. Thereafter, the book went out of fashion until the 366:, and that Malory was released in October 1470 when Henry VI returned to the throne, dying only five months later. This Warwickshire knight was widely accepted as the author of the 5318: 760:. Apart from these forms, both the Winchester manuscript and the Caxton edition show some more northerly dialect forms which, in the judgement of the Middle English dialect expert 578:

is uncertainly regarded as either just another of these or possibly actually Malory's own work. His assorted other sources might have included a 5th-century Roman military manual,

2104: 1937:, with many expansions, additions and several adaptations, such as the fate of Guinevere (in Malory, she is sentenced to be burnt at the stake but is rescued by Lancelot; in the 3378:

The Antiquities of Warwickshire Illustrated: From Records, Lieger-Books, Manuscripts, Charters, Evidences, Tombes, and Armes, Beautified with Maps, Prospects, and Portraitures

1667:(this is also the first time the work explicitly mentions the couple's sexual adultery). Writing it, Malory combined the established material from the Vulgate Cycle's Prose 440:; the likelihood that this is the Malory who was excluded from the pardon by Edward IV in 1468; and the fact that the Newbold Revel knight was far too old to be writing the 3125:

Linton, Cecelia Lampp. The Knight Who Gave Us King Arthur: Sir Thomas Malory, Knight Hospitaller. Front Royal, VA: Christendom College Press. 2023. ISBN 979-8-9868157-2-5.

1642:. Gawain is the first to embark on the quest for the Grail; other knights like Lancelot likewise undergo the quest, ultimately achieved by Galahad and his final comrades 1215:

in the country in turmoil after the death of Uther. Years later, the now teenage Arthur suddenly becomes the ruler of the leaderless Britain when he removes the fated

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Lancelot's character had previously appeared in the chronologically later Book II, fighting for Arthur against the Romans. In Book III, based on parts of the French

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between Mordred's followers and Arthur's remaining loyalists in England, Arthur kills Mordred but is himself gravely wounded. As Arthur is dying, the lone survivor

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issued four more general pardons which specifically excluded a Thomas Malory. The first of these named Malory a knight and applied to participants in a campaign in

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in the contest set up by Merlin, which proves his birthright that he himself had not been aware of. The newly crowned King Arthur and his followers including

5157: 1379:'s literary tradition in which Mordred is left in charge (as this happens there near the end of the story), Malory's Arthur leaves his court in the hands of 2895:. Ed. Rhys, John (1906). (Everyman's Library 45 & 46.) London: Dent; London: J. M. Dent; New York: E. P. Dutton. Released in paperback format in 1976: 2193: 574: 305:). Historically, this has been taken as supporting evidence for the identification most widely accepted by scholars: that the author was Thomas Malory of 2108:(1910). Rather than retell the stories as written, Pyle presented his own versions of select episodes enhanced with other tales and his own imagination. 729:

that "this indeed was Malory," with "startling evidence of revision" in the Caxton edition. This manuscript is now in the British Library's collection.

337:, returning to live at his estate. After 1461, however, few records survive which scholars agree refer to Malory of Newbold Revel. In 1468–1470, King 318: 800:(the publication of Chaucer's work by Caxton was a precursor to Caxton's publication of Malory); if the spelling is modernized, it reads almost like 2086: 967:. Each of these plots would define one of the causes of the downfall of Arthur's kingdom, namely "the failures in love, in loyalty, in religion." 1843:, 1884) would also censor their versions for the same reason. The first "standard" popular edition, based on Caxton was Heinrich Oskar Sommer's 2981: 2977: 1862:. The following sentence (from Caxton's preface, addressed to the reader) is an example written in Middle English and then in Modern English: 1231:. Arthur prevails due to his military prowess and the prophetic and magical counsel of Merlin (later eliminated and replaced by the sorceress 325:. Malory was first arrested and imprisoned in 1451 for the ambush of Buckingham, but was released early in 1452. By March, he was back in the 5358: 5328: 3489: 3462: 2483: 2466: 354: 1944: 1502: 3876:

Salda, Michael N. (1995). "Caxton's Print vs. the Winchester Manuscript: An Introduction to the Debate on Editing Malory's Morte Darthur".

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faction. Field interprets these pardon-exclusions to refer to Malory of Newbold Revel, suggesting that Malory changed his allegiance from

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The Winchester Manuscript Edition has not been modernised fully yet but there are some partial and abridged modernisations of the text.

2643:) and 8 as a complete story in its own right. Based on Winchester MS but with changes taken from Caxton and some emendations by Brewer.) 1611: 1180: 5239: 4033: 2805: 1557:". After telling of Tristan's birth and childhood, its primary focus is on the doomed adulterous relationship between Tristan and the 2141:. Pollard later also published a complete version in four volumes during 1910–1911 and in two volumes in 1920, with illustrations by 4700: 4548: 4512: 4131: 3739: 3600: 3573: 3401: 3272: 3065: 2904: 2900: 2885: 2881: 2866: 2851: 2836: 2783: 2738: 2713: 2694: 2686: 2667: 2636: 2618: 2583: 2568: 2553: 2534: 2519: 2515: 2511: 2497: 2439: 936:, characters which "consist almost entirely of fighting men, their wives or mistresses, with an occasional clerk or an enchanter, a 5259: 2206:(1953), with illustrations by Donald Seton Cammell, in the series "The Children's Illustrated Classics," published by Dent /Dutton. 782:

was highly influenced by French writings, but Malory blends these with other English verse and prose forms. The Middle English of

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The fourth volume primarily deals with the adventures of the young Gareth ("Beaumains") in his long quest for the sibling ladies

2282:, with some changes to the plot and fate of certain characters (such as merging Morgause with Morgan, who dies in this version). 1650:. Their exploits are intermingled with encounters with maidens and hermits who offer advice and interpret dreams along the way. 1347:

The opening of the second volume finds Arthur and his kingdom without an enemy. His throne is secure, and his knights including

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as his memory of the "childish version" by Elizabeth Lodor Merchant that began his fascination in the Arthurian legend in 1931.

2189: 4905: 2394: 1995:, an enduringly popular children's adaptation, originally illustrated by Alfred Kappes. A new edition with illustrations by 1284:(more specifically, possibly on the manuscript Cambridge University Library, Additional 7071). It also includes the tale of 3082:

Vol. 62, No. 4 (Oct., 1987), pp. 878–897. The University of Chicago Press on behalf of the Medieval Academy of America

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Since the 19th-century Arthurian revival, there have been numerous modern republications, retellings and adaptations of

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version of the book, since in the Winchester manuscript and the John Rylands Library copy the final pages are missing.

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Caxton's text, with illustrations by Aubrey Beardsley and a foreword by Sarah Peverley (2017). Flame Tree Publishing.

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published in 1890 with an introduction and glossary as well as an essay on Malory's prose style, followed by these by

1835:, highly censored in accordance to Victorian morals. Many other 19th-century editors, abridgers and retellers such as 1795: 1792:

La Mort D'Arthur: The Most Ancient and Famous History of the Renowned Prince Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table

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The Boy's King Arthur: Sir Thomas Malory's History of King Arthur and His Knights of the Round Table, Edited for Boys

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in titular compounds, perhaps on a simple sonic and gender-neutral analogy with 'the'." Stephen H. A. Shepherd, ed.,

1992:

The Boy's King Arthur: Sir Thomas Malory's History of King Arthur and His Knights of the Round Table, Edited for Boys

1615:"The Holy Grail, covered with white silk, came into the hall." The Grail's miraculous sighting at the Round Table in 1816:'s edition directly based on then-newly rediscovered Morgan copy of the first print Caxton version was published as 1427:"How Sir Launcelot slew the knight Sir Peris de Forest Savage that did distress ladies, damosels, and gentlewomen." 436:

by William Matthews. Matthews' primary arguments in favor of the Yorkshire Malory were the northerly dialect of the

3643: 3186:, King Arthur is conceived illegitimately when his father Uther Pendragon utilizes Merlin's magic to seduce Igraine 2431: 1747: 1635: 1399: 1380: 1136: 865: 625:

in Manchester. It proved popular and was reprinted in an illustrated form with some additions and changes in 1498 (

618: 505: 257: 246: 2123:. Highly popular, it was reprinted many times until 1940, featuring also illustrations from other artists such as 1689: 1395:'s surrender, Arthur is crowned a Western Emperor but instead arranges a proxy government and returns to Britain. 5254: 2234:. This retelling was intended for young people but was never completed. It was published posthumously in 1976 as 1407: 761: 489:

As Elizabeth Bryan wrote of Malory's contribution to Arthurian legend in her introduction to a modern edition of

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Hardman, P. (2004) "Malory and middle English verse romance: the case of 'Sir Tristrem'". In: Wheeler, B. (ed.)

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published a Modern English translation that focused on the Winchester manuscript rather than the Caxton edition.

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Writing the eponymous final book, Malory used the version of Arthur's death derived primarily from parts of the

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as told in the first volume. Seeking more glory, Arthur and his knights then go to the war against (fictitious)

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Davidson, Roberta (2008). "The 'Freynshe booke' and the English Translator: Malory's 'Originality' Revisited".

2991: 2257: 2153: 1324: 402:, whose will, written in Latin and dated 16 September 1469, was described in an article by T. A. Martin in the 48: 3042: 1991: 1886: 1763: 5123: 3691: 2812: 1794:); both of these were based on the 1634 Stansby's version. Several other modern editions, including these by 1259:. He then gathers his chief knights, including some of his former enemies who now joined him, at his capital 5287: 3179: 2506:

Ed. Vinaver, Eugène. 3rd ed. Field, Rev. P. J. C. (1990). 3 vol. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

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The Boke of the Moost Noble and Worthy Prince Kyng Arthur Somtyme Kyng of Grete Brytayne Now Called Englande

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non-speaking (that is featuring only Malory's narration and silent actors) television drama, titled simply

2030:. A facsimile of the Beardsley edition, complete with Malory's unabridged text, was published in the 1990s. 1184:"How Arthur by the means of Merlin got the Excalibur, his sword by the Lady of the Lake", illustration for 5333: 5213: 3039:, "September 2011: Most of the pages below are being renovated, so the links are (temporarily) inactive.") 2306: 2112: 1941:, Guinevere flees to a convent, is forgiven by Arthur, repents and serves in the convent until her death). 1316: 944: 28: 1479:

implies their relationship is true and pure, as Malory focused on the ennobling aspects of courtly love.

3189: 2778:. Ed. Spisak, James. W. (1983). 2 vol. boxed. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. 2285: 2142: 2128: 1957: 1918: 1767: 1736: 848:

version of Britain and France at an unspecified time (on occasion, the plot ventures farther afield, to

757: 678: 610: 512: 253:. Many authors since the 19th-century revival of the legend have used Malory as their principal source. 3015:

University of Georgia: English Dept: Jonathan Evans: Walter F. Oakeshott and the Winchester Manuscript.

417:. To date, this candidate has not commanded the attention of scholars as the Newbold-Revel knight has. 5026: 4488:

Naughton, Ryan. "Peace, Justice and Retinue-building in Malory's 'The Tale of Sir Gareth of Orkney'".

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Jesmok, Janet (2004). "Comedic Preludes to Lancelot's 'Unhappy' Life in Malory's "Le Morte Darthur"".

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Le Morte Darthur: Sir Thomas Malory's Book of King Arthur and of his Noble Knights of the Round Table,

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Sir Thomas Malory's Morte Darthur: A New Modern English Translation Based on the Winchester Manuscript

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The Boke of Kyng Arthur Somtyme Kynge of Englande and His Noble Actes and Feates of Armes of Chyvalrye

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The Ill-framed Knight. A Skeptical Inquiry into the identity of Sir Thomas Malory by William Matthews

3797: 2218: 2175: 2038: 1514: 1376: 1288:(a lengthy section which Malory called a "booke" in itself), as well as some other episodes, such as 1010: 983:

where Arthur slays an evil giant in one of the only few supernatural elements of the Roman War story.

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utilized the Winchester Manuscripts of Thomas Malory and other sources as the original text for his

1363:(sons of Morgause and Morgan, respectively) have proven themselves in various battles and fantastic 697: 5313: 5277: 5079: 3416: 3086: 2492:(A Norton Critical Edition). Ed. Shepherd, Stephen H. A. (2004). New York: W. W. Norton. 2324: 2290: 2199: 379: 334: 218: 1833:

Le Morte Darthur: Sir Thomas Malory's Book of King Arthur and His Noble Knights of the Round Table

1423: 5292: 5282: 5220: 5166: 4997: 4989: 4795: 4787: 4748: 4740: 4654: 4646: 4611: 4570: 4518: 4470: 4435: 4427: 4392: 4357: 4349: 4314: 4287: 4260: 4252: 4204: 4177: 4102: 4094: 3991: 3983: 3901: 3893: 3816: 3625: 3539: 3531: 3359: 3351: 3334:

Davidson, Roberta (2004). "Prison and Knightly Identity in Sir Thomas Malory's "Morte Darthur"".

3251:

From Latin to Modern French with Especial Consideration of Anglo-Norman: Phonology and Morphology

3114: 2357: 2071: 2023: 2000: 1923: 1775: 1722: 1570: 1554: 1278: 1071: 885: 845: 717: 446: 425: 375: 346: 183: 148: 120: 4012:, by William Calin, University of Toronto Press, 1994, pp. 498–512. JSTOR. Accessed 1 Aug. 2020. 3706: 476: 4831: 3918:

Lumiansky (1987), pp. 887–896; Lumiansky favours the view that Malory himself revised the text.

2947: 2943: 2041:

in 1900 and subsequently reprinted in various editions and in extracts in children's magazines.

5102: 5093: 4901: 4878: 4696: 4544: 4508: 4127: 4029: 3760: 3735: 3729: 3596: 3590: 3569: 3563: 3485: 3458: 3397: 3268: 3106: 3061: 2928: 2925:

Ed. Simmon, F. J. (1893–94). Illustrated by Beardsley, Aubrey. 2 vol. London: Dent.

2896: 2877: 2862: 2847: 2832: 2801: 2779: 2734: 2709: 2690: 2682: 2663: 2632: 2631:, Elizabeth Salter and Derek Pearsall, Gen. Eds. (1968) London: Edward Arnold. Reissued 1993. 2614: 2579: 2564: 2549: 2530: 2507: 2493: 2479: 2462: 2435: 2332: 2161: 2134: 1710: 1694: 1681:) with his own creations (the episodes "The Great Tournament" and "The Healing of Sir Urry"). 1672: 1589:), Malory's treatment of the legend of the young Cornish prince Tristan is the centerpiece of 1493: 1436: 1332: 1140: 980: 933: 901: 877: 861: 833: 733: 638: 531: 395: 116: 112: 102: 4690: 4121: 4050: 4023: 3391: 3237:, by Sir Thomas Malory (New York: Norton, 2004), 1n. However, in Anglo-Norman, "the feminine 2018:

in modern spelling, with illustrations by 20-year-old insurance office clerk and art student

1774:

Following the lapse of 182 years since the last printing, the year 1816 saw a new edition by

1598:

and a discussion of honour or "worship" when it is founded in a sense of shame and pride. If

5130: 4981: 4779: 4732: 4638: 4561:

Grimm, Kevin T. (1989). "Knightly Love and the Narrative Structure of Malory's Tale Seven".

4462: 4419: 4384: 4341: 4244: 4169: 4086: 3975: 3885: 3523: 3343: 3226: 3098: 3071: 3017:(Contains links to the first public announcements concerning the Winchester manuscript from 2957: 2953: 2705: 2374: 2270: 2250: 2124: 2019: 1787: 1647: 1562: 1497:"'Lady,' replied Sir Beaumains, 'a knight is little worth who may not bear with a damsel.'" 1264: 1240: 1189: 995:

Fro the Maryage of Kynge Uther unto Kyng Arthure that Regned Aftir Hym and Ded Many Batayles

909: 796: 791: 560: 264:

was completed by Malory around 1470 and was first published in a printed edition in 1485 by

167: 4453:

Tucker, P. E. (1953). "The Place of the "Quest of the Holy Grail" in the "Morte Darthur"".

4077:

Goodrich, Peter H. (2006). "Saracens and Islamic Alterity in Malory's "Le Morte Darthur"".

1721:. Following the passing of King Arthur, who is succeeded by Constantine, Malory provides a 1022:

The Tale of the Noble Kynge Arthure That Was Emperoure Hymself thorow Dygnyté of His Hondys

420:

The most recent contender for authorship emerged in the mid-20th century: Thomas Malory of

374:

research demonstrating that Malory of Newbold Revel had in fact been an officer under King

5084: 3616:

Bornstein, Diane D. (1972). "Military Strategy in Malory and Vegetius' "De re militari"".

3246: 2328: 2188:. This retelling is based mainly on Malory, but includes tales from other sources such as 1852: 1461: 1368: 1244: 1200: 952: 801: 669: 654: 634: 450: 399: 3304: 2401:

features interactive story where one plays for Arthur and decides about course of action.

4857: 2003:'s series of books called the Illustrated Junior Library, and reprinted under the title 1808:

Malory's History of King Arthur and the Quest of The Holy Grail: From The Morte D'Arthur

5057: 4672: 4588: 3157: 3143: 2914:. Ed. Pollard, A. W. (1903). 2 vol. New York: Macmillan. (Text corrected from the 2719: 2225: 2185: 2138: 1969: 1907: 1869:(Do after the good and leave the evil, and it shall bring you to good fame and renown.) 1859: 1821: 1813: 1729: 1628: 1498: 1454: 1440: 1293: 1289: 1027:

The Tale of the Noble King Arthur That Was Emperor Himself through Dignity of His Hands

960: 881: 809: 686: 674: 580: 536: 501: 481: 421: 359: 342: 302: 265: 222: 138: 92: 4692:

Critical Approaches to Six Major English Works: From "Beowulf" Through "Paradise Lost"

4629:

Wilson, Robert H. (1939). "Malory, the Stanzaic "Morte Arthur," and the "Mort Artu"".

4278:

Withrington, John (1992). "Caxton, Malory, and the Roman War in the "Morte Darthur"".

3267:. By Malory, Thomas (Modern Library ed.). New York: Modern Library. p. vii. 1867:

Doo after the good and leve the evyl, and it shal brynge you to good fame and renomme.

5307: 5001: 4799: 4752: 4658: 4439: 4361: 4264: 4106: 4051:"Le Morte Darthur: Studies on the sources, with an introductory essay by Andrew Lang" 3995: 3905: 3543: 3363: 3171: 2723: 2380: 2310: 2044: 1986: 1881: 1583:, or its lost English adaptation (and possibly also the Middle English verse romance 1577: 1297: 917: 873: 869: 497: 350: 306: 291: 226: 70: 1800:

La Morte D'Arthure: The History of King Arthur and of the Knights of the Round Table

1243:. With the help of reconciled rebels, Arthur also crushes a foreign invasion in the 530:, Malory's other original source texts were identified as several French standalone 5014: 3830: 2831:. Ed. Matthews, John (2000). Illustrated by Ferguson, Anna-Marie. London: Cassell. 2475: 2458: 2275: 2241: 2169: 2120: 1779: 1758: 1585: 1522: 1471: 1392: 1336: 1151:

The Death of King Arthur or The Most Piteous Tale of the Morte Arthur saunz Guerdon

948: 940:

or a fiend, a giant or a dwarf," and "time does not work on the heroes of Malory."

565: 410: 322: 310: 17: 4522: 2876:. Ed. Cowen, Janet (1970). Introduction by Lawlor, John. 2 vols. London: Penguin. 2035:

King Arthur and His Noble Knights: Stories From Sir Thomas Malory's Morte D'Arthur

1227:

go on to fight against rivals and rebels, ultimately winning the war in the great

659:

The Most Ancient and Famous History of the Renowned Prince Arthur King of Britaine

3864:

The Ill-Framed Knight: A Skeptical Inquiry into the Identity of Sir Thomas Malory

3479: 3440:

The Ill-Framed Knight: A Skeptical Inquiry into the Identity of Sir Thomas Malory

3393:

The III-Framed Knight: A Skeptical Inquiry into the Identity of Sir Thomas Malory

3036: 1339:, where many were claiming their rights to power through violence and bloodshed. 434:

The Ill-Framed Knight: A Skeptical Inquiry into the Identity of Sir Thomas Malory

2148: 2081: 2063: 2056: 1996: 1965: 1877: 1836: 1803: 1742:(or, in another possibility, a hypothetical now-lost French modification of the 1256: 1252: 964: 921: 829: 738: 662: 646: 479:

depicting Lancelot fighting the evil knight Turquine in a scene from the French

230: 4736: 2846:. Introduction by Moore, Helen (1996). Herefordshire: Wordsworth Editions Ltd. 1976:

that was based on Knowles with addition of some material from the 12th-century

637:

who succeeded to Caxton's press. Three more editions were published before the

3527: 3165: 3133: 3102: 2915: 2362: 2343: 2262: 2011: 1933: 1639: 1466: 1398:

This book is based mostly on the first half of the Middle English heroic poem

1228: 1102: 725: 682: 603:

The hoole booke of kyng Arthur & of his noble knyghtes of the rounde table

548: 494: 330: 326: 190: 58: 3110: 1725:

about the later deaths of Bedivere, Guinevere, and Lancelot and his kinsmen.

924:'s foreign pagan enemies. Malory hearkens back to an age of knighthood, with 4195:

Moorman, Charles (1961). "Internal Chronology in Malory's "Morte Darthur"".

3043:

Department of English, Goucher College: Arnie Sanders: The Malory Manuscript

2590:(1947), in a single volume dropping most of Vinaver's notes and commentary.) 2209: 1848: 1664: 1285: 1248: 1236: 1224: 1216: 1212: 1196: 925: 429: 390:

The second candidate to receive scholarly support as the possible author of

234: 3659: 1960:, it has been subsequently illustrated by various other artists, including 1717:

casts Excalibur away, and Morgan and Nimue come together to take Arthur to

1553:, Alexander the Orphan (Tristan's young relative abducted by Morgan), and " 880:

warriors and forts. Malory further modernized the legend by conflating the

453:. She has also examined the provenance of some of the known sources of the 333:, escaping on multiple occasions. In 1461, he was granted a pardon by King 321:, an accusation of at least two rapes, and that he had attacked and robbed 4985: 4882: 4783: 4602:

Donaldson, E. Talbot (1950). "Malory and the Stanzaic "Le Morte Arthur"".

4345: 4248: 4235:

Radulescu, Raluca (2003). "Malory and Fifteenth-Century Political Ideas".

4090: 3979: 3889: 3347: 2478:) Ed. Field, Rev. P. J. C. Illustrated edition (20 April 2015). 975: 5118: 3948: 3831:"The Malory Project directed by Takako Kato and designed by Nick Hayward" 3455:

The Knight Who Gave Us King Arthur: Sir Thomas Malory, Knight Hospitaller

2681:. Trans. and abridged by Baines, Keith (1983). New York: Bramhall House. 2455:

Sir Thomas Malory: Le Morte Darthur: The Definitive Original Text Edition

2299: 1827:

The first mass-printed modern edition of Caxton was published in 1868 by

1714: 1701: 1643: 1595: 1538: 1518: 1447: 1384: 1309: 1220: 956: 929: 238: 5098: 5089: 4993: 4972:

Lupack, Barbara Tepa (2012). "The Girl's King Arthur: Retelling Tales".

4791: 4744: 4574: 4396: 4353: 4318: 4256: 4208: 4098: 3987: 3928: 3897: 3629: 3535: 3355: 2987: 2861:. Introduction by Bryan, Elizabeth J. (1994). New York: Modern Library. 812:," by constructing a manuscript which is hard to place in one category. 4767: 4720: 4615: 4474: 4291: 4181: 3075: 2936: 2932: 1706: 1566: 1546: 1542: 1534: 1412: 1372: 1352: 1348: 1305: 1301: 1260: 1204: 905: 897: 893: 837: 808:

are in Middle English, Malory extends "one hand to Chaucer, and one to

651:

The Story of Kynge Arthur, and also of his Knyghtes of the Rounde Table

34:

1485 reworking of existing tales about King Arthur by Sir Thomas Malory

4650: 4431: 4221:

Gowans, Linda. "MALORY'S SOURCES – AND ARTHUR'S SISTERS – REVISITED."

3118: 3076:"Sir Thomas Malory's Le Morte Darthur, 1947-1987: Author, Title, Text" 2346:' comic book adaptation of a part of Malory's Book I was published as 1999:

was first published in 1917. This version was later incorporated into

1056:

The Tale of Syr Gareth of Orkeney That Was Called Beaumayns by Syr Kay

5135: 4388: 2731:: From the Winchester Manuscripts of Thomas Malory and Other Sources. 2662:(Renaissance and Medieval Studies) Anderson, SC: Parlor Press, 2009. 2548:

Ed. Vinaver, Eugène (1971). 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

1718: 1594:

other parts of the work. It can be seen as an exploration of secular

1558: 1488: 1356: 1208: 1050: 889: 876:

style world of armored knights and grand castles taking place of the

853: 242: 4958:

Boyle, Louis J. "T. H. WHITE'S REPRESENTATION OF MALORY'S CAMELOT."

4832:"Morte D'Arthur: A Fragment | Robbins Library Digital Projects" 4466: 4173: 3592:

The Romance of Arthur: An Anthology of Medieval Texts in Translation

3253:(Manchester UK: University Press, 1934), paragraph 1252.iii (p. 30). 2563:

Ed. Vinaver, Eugène (1967). 2nd ed. 3 vol. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

1016:

The Noble Tale betwyxt Kynge Arthure and Lucius the Emperour of Rome

272:

in 1934, the 1485 edition was considered the earliest known text of

4768:""Malory Moralisé": The Disarming of "Le Morte Darthur", 1800–1918" 4642: 4423: 3966:

Lynch, Andrew (2006). "A Tale of 'Simple' Malory and the Critics".

2815:, Corpus of Middle English Prose and Verse: University of Michigan. 210: 200: 4873:

Malory, Thomas; Lanier, Sidney; Kappes, Alfred (16 October 1880).

4305:

Wilson, Robert H. (1956). "Addenda on Malory's Minor Characters".

3245:, especially in the later period" (thirteenth century and later), 2160:

Pollard's 1910–1911 abridged edition of Malory provided basis for

1872: 1757: 1688: 1610: 1492: 1422: 1364: 1360: 1232: 1179: 974: 937: 913: 857: 823: 696: 470: 3709:. The Rossell Hope Robbins Library at the University of Rochester 1247:. With his throne secure, Arthur marries the also young Princess 2314: 2236:

The Book of King Arthur and His Noble Knights of the Round Table

2137:

published an abridged edition of Malory in 1917, illustrated by

1388: 1329:

Sir Thomas Malory: Le Morte D'arthur – The Winchester Manuscript

1304:. Furthermore, it tells of begetting of Arthur's incestuous son 849: 5139: 3192:– one of 19th-century British artists inspired by Malory's book 1263:

and establishes the Round Table fellowship as all swear to the

3089:(1973). "The Identity of Sir Thomas Malory, Knight-Prisoner". 2994:, selections by Alice D. Greenwood with bibliography from the 1319:

and societal unrest, which will appear throughout the rest of

4067:. A.W Ward, A.R Waller. Vol II. Cambridge: A UP, 1933. Print. 3642:

Lumiansky (1987), p. 878. This note is available only in the

2907:. (Text based on an earlier modernised Dent edition of 1897.) 2578:

Ed. Vinaver, Eugène (1954). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

2529:

Ed. Vinaver, Eugène (1977). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

1746:

was a common source of both of these texts). In the words of

3221:) is a feminine noun, for which French requires the article 2274:, a 1981 British film directed, produced, and co-written by 1270:

The narrative of Malory's first book is mainly based on the

353:

to Lancaster, and that he was involved in a conspiracy with

4010:

The French Tradition and the Literature of Medieval England

3442:. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. 2613:

Ed. Cooper, Helen (1998). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

2597:

Ed. Vinaver, Eugène (1947). 3 vol. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

2184:

was published in 1953, with illustrations by the filmmaker

3814:

Walter F. Oakeshott, "Caxton and Malory's Morte Darthur,"

3692:"From Monmouth to Malory: A Guide to Arthurian Literature" 2117:

King Arthur's Knights: The Tales Retold for Boys and Girls

1914:. A fragment of it was published by Heber's widow in 1830. 1693:

Arthur's final voyage to Avalon in a 1912 illustration by

1146:

The Moste Pyteuous Tale of Le Morte d'Arthur Saunz Gwerdon

1061:

The Tale of Sir Gareth of Orkney That Was Called Bewmaynes

168: 4410:

Wilson, Robert H. (1932). "Malory and the "Perlesvaus"".

2119:, was first published in 1911, originally illustrated by 1898:. A few of them are listed below (see also the following 4721:"The Editions of Malory in the Early Nineteenth Century" 3035:(link offline on Oct. 25, 2011; according to message on 3033:

UBC Dept. of English: Siân Echard: Caxton and Winchester

2942:

Electronic Text Center, University of Virginia Library:

2798:

Tales of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table.

1446:

Going back to a time before Book II, Malory establishes

1296:

and the treason of Arthur's sorceress half-sister Queen

912:) and, completely ahistorically, replacing the legend's 4689:

Lumiansky, R. M.; Baker, Herschel (November 11, 2016).

955:'s affair; the long blood feud between the families of 3787:, ed. J. A. W. Bennett (Oxford: Clarendon, 1963), 1–6. 3783:

Walter F. Oakeshott, "The Finding of the Manuscript,"

3056:

Bryan, Elizabeth J. (1999/1994). "Sir Thomas Malory",

2954:

Celtic Twilight: Legends of Camelot: Le Morte d'Arthur

2918:

1868 Macmillan edition edited by Sir Edward Strachey.)

1972:, who later also illustrated Rupert S. Holland's 1919 1315:

Malory addresses his contemporary preoccupations with

413:

may account for the traces of Lincolnshire dialect in

2105:

The Story of the Grail and the Passing of King Arthur

1405:(itself heavily based on Geoffrey's pseudo-chronicle 370:

until the publication of Matthews' research in 1966.

5040:"The Death of King Arthur by Peter Ackroyd – review" 4725:

The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America

3850:

The Manuscript and Meaning of Malory's Morte Darthur

2461:) Ed. Field, Rev. P. J. C. (19 May 2017). 2305:

In 1984, the ending of Malory's story was turned by

593: 5270: 5229: 5173: 4375:Field, P. J. C. (1993). "Malory and "Perlesvaus"". 4160:Moorman, Charles (1960). "Courtly Love in Malory". 1627:Malory's primary source for this long part was the 1517:. The youngest of Arthur's nephews by Morgause and 1118:The forbidden love between Lancelot and Guinevere: 643:

The Story of the Most Noble and Worthy Kynge Arthur

178: 166: 154: 144: 134: 126: 108: 98: 88: 76: 66: 4505:Malory's Library: The Sources of the Morte Darthur 3565:Malory's Library: The Sources of the Morte Darthur 2760:Le Morte d'Arthur, printed by William Caxton, 1485 2639:. (Modernised spelling version of Books 7 (except 1565:. It also includes the retrospective story of how 3589:Lacy, Norris J.; Wilhelm, James J. (2015-07-17). 2654:Translation/paraphrase into contemporary English: 61:in 1893, with vellucent binding by Cedric Chivers 3728:Leitch, Megan G.; Rushton, Cory (May 20, 2019). 2704:(London Medieval & Renaissance Ser.) Trans. 2430:. Introduced by Ker, N. R. (1976). London: 2049:Stories from Le Morte Darthur and the Mabinogion 3866:(Berkeley, CA: University of California, 1966). 3263:Bryan, Elizabeth J. (1994–1999). Introduction. 2733:(1976) New York: Noonday Press. Reissued 1993. 1989:published a much expurgated rendition entitled 1460:(mostly its 'Agravain' section, along with the 1371:who has just demanded Britain to resume paying 1188:, J. M. Dent & Co., London (1893–1894), by 256:Apparently written in prison at the end of the 5208: 4922:Beardsley's Illustrations for Le Morte Darthur 4898:King Arthur and His Knights of the Round Table 3457:. Front Royal, VA: Christendom College Press. 3213:would be ungrammatical in modern French since 2337:King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table 2181:King Arthur and His Knights of the Round Table 2084:wrote and illustrated a series of four books: 2028:Beardsley's Illustrations for Le Morte Darthur 2005:King Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table 1974:King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table 1841:King Arthur and His Knights of the Round Table 1541:as well as a variety of other knights such as 778:Like other English prose in the 15th century, 269: 5151: 4307:The Journal of English and Germanic Philology 4197:The Journal of English and Germanic Philology 2729:The Acts of King Arthur and His Noble Knights 2231:The Acts of King Arthur and His Noble Knights 2099:The Story of Sir Launcelot and His Companions 2093:The Story of the Champions of the Round Table 2033:Mary MacLeod's popular children's adaptation 1810:, 1886), were also based on that by Stansby. 1735:and, as a secondary source, from the English 1126:The Book of Sir Launcelot and Queen Guinevere 701:A page from the Winchester Manuscript of the 221:for "The Death of Arthur") is a 15th-century 80: 53:The two volumes of an illustrated edition of 8: 5058:"Le morte D'Arthur by Chris Crawford – game" 4936:"Stories of King Arthur and the Round Table" 4025:Merlin: Knowledge and Power Through the Ages 2679:: King Arthur and Legends of the Round Table 2611:Le Morte Darthur: The Winchester Manuscript. 2352:Arthur & Lancelot: The Fight for Camelot 1335:. Malory's concern with legitimacy reflects 988:scholars Eugène Vinaver and P. J. C. Field: 673:language, influencing writers as diverse as 665:revival of interest in all things medieval. 39: 4684: 4682: 4543:(57). D.S. Brewer, Cambridge, pp. 217-222. 4537:Arthurian Studies in Honour of P.J.C. Field 4065:The Cambridge History of English Literature 3779: 3777: 3321: 3225:(i.e., "la mort d'Arthur"). According to 2708:(1982). New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 2416:Editions based on the Winchester manuscript 2194:The Wedding of Sir Gawain and Dame Ragnelle 1573:, followed by Lancelot's years of madness. 5319:Adaptations of works by Chrétien de Troyes 5158: 5144: 5136: 5015:bookgroup.info: interview: Castle Freeman. 4859:The Legends of King Arthur and His Knights 4150:. Charles Scribners's Sons, New York 1979. 3287: 2053:Stories of King Arthur and the Round Table 2037:was first published with illustrations by 1953:The Legends of King Arthur and His Knights 1507:The Legends of King Arthur and His Knights 1211:to be secretly fostered by Arthur's uncle 1083:The Secunde Boke of Syr Trystram de Lyones 345:in the North of England by members of the 47: 38: 3481:British Writers: Retrospective supplement 2168:. It was illustrated by N. C. Wyeth son, 1077:The Fyrste Boke of Syr Trystram de Lyones 605:, and only its final section to be named 319:Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham 2960:from the Dent edition of 1893–94.) 2948:Le Morte Darthur: Volume 2 (books 10–21) 2937:Le Morte Darthur: Volume 2 (books 10–21) 2854:. (Seemingly based on the Pollard text.) 2087:The Story of King Arthur and His Knights 2076:Tales of King Arthur and the Round Table 2047:wrote a retelling first included in her 1921:retold the legends in the poetry volume 1470:), Malory attempts to turn the focus of 1308:by one of his other royal half-sisters, 432:. This claim was put forward in 1966 in 4714: 4712: 4123:History and Warfare in Renaissance Epic 3390:Matthews, William (23 September 2022). 3202: 2996:Cambridge History of English Literature 2070:, a retelling of Malory illustrated by 1096:Sir Tristram de Lyones: The Second Book 1039:The Noble Tale of Syr Launcelot du Lake 5324:Arthurian literature in Middle English 4507:. Vol. 71. Boydell & Brewer. 3298: 3296: 2944:Le Morte Darthur: Volume 1 (books 1–9) 2933:Le Morte Darthur: Volume 1 (books 1–9) 2791:Le Morte Darthur by Sir Thomas Malory. 1968:. The 1912 edition was illustrated by 1621:Legends of King Arthur and His Knights 1092:Sir Tristram de Lyones: The First Book 594:§ Modern versions and adaptations 3654: 3652: 3557: 3555: 3553: 1927:(1859 and 1885). His work focuses on 1845:Le Morte Darthur by Syr Thomas Malory 1638:in their spiritual quest to find the 1634:, chronicling the adventures of many 1569:was fathered by Lancelot to Princess 1124:(Caxton's Books XVIII–XIX, Vinaver's 355:Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick 7: 4924:, Publisher's note & back cover. 4695:. University of Pennsylvania Press. 3305:"Thomas Malory's 'Le Morte Darthur'" 2474:(2 volume set) (Arthurian Studies) ( 1086:(Caxton's Books VIII–XII, Vinaver's 888:(for example explicitly identifying 296:The exact identity of the author of 4896:Lanier, Sidney (1 September 1950). 4492:. Vol. XXIX. pp. 143–160. 4053:. D. Nutt – via Google Books. 4049:Sommer, H. Oskar (August 4, 1891). 3927:E. F. Jacob, Angus McIntosh (1968) 2762:. Ed. Needham, Paul (1976). London. 2472:Sir Thomas Malory: Le Morte Darthur 2014:produced an illustrated edition of 1111:(Caxton's Books XIII–XVII, Field's 1009:Arthur's war against the resurgent 844:Most of the events take place in a 4022:Knight, Stephen (August 4, 2009). 3672:Lumiansky (1987), p. 887 footnote. 3060:, p. v. New York: Modern Library. 2748:Editions based on Caxton's edition 2428:The Winchester Malory: A Facsimile 2366:is a modern retelling of Malory's 2244:credited his childhood reading of 2055:(1905), features illustrations by 1149:(Caxton's Books XX–XXI, Vinaver's 1088:The Book of Sir Tristram de Lyones 1036:The early adventures of Lancelot: 1031:King Arthur and the Emperor Lucius 500:) and compiled them together with 25: 2387:is a modern English retelling of 2348:King Arthur: Excalibur Unsheathed 1899: 1851:in 1893 (Everyman's Library) and 1267:as a guide for knightly conduct. 1130:Sir Launcelot and Queen Guenivere 1121:Syr Launcelot and Quene Gwenyvere 868:" times of Arthur as a familiar, 5107: 3229:, "Malory frequently misapplies 3164: 3150: 3136: 3010:About the Winchester manuscript: 2586:. (Malory's text from Vinaver's 1979:Perceval, the Story of the Grail 1762:Arthur being taken to Avalon in 1678:Lancelot, the Knight of the Cart 1576:Based mainly on the French vast 1533:A collection of the tales about 1355:as well as Arthur's own nephews 1300:in the plot involving her lover 1199:of Britain (Malory's "England") 998:(Caxton's Books I–IV, Vinaver's 724:discovered a previously unknown 475:A 14th-century Polish fresco at 5027:A Chat With Castle Freeman, Jr. 4126:. University of Chicago Press. 3380:. London: Thomas Warren, 1656. 2595:The Works of Sir Thomas Malory. 2561:The Works of Sir Thomas Malory. 2504:The Works of Sir Thomas Malory. 2204:King Arthur and the Round Table 2190:Sir Gawain and the Green Knight 2111:Another children's adaptation, 1880:'s title page illustration for 1754:Modern versions and adaptations 1561:, wife of his villainous uncle 1431:(1917), abridged from Malory's 1235:), further helped by the sword 1207:, and then taken by the wizard 4940:arthurian-studies.bangor.ac.uk 3618:Comparative Literature Studies 3453:Linton, Cecelia Lampp (2023). 2588:The Works of Sir Thomas Malory 1059:(Caxton's Book VII, Vinaver's 992:The birth and rise of Arthur: 746:The Works of Sir Thomas Malory 1: 3091:The Review of English Studies 3027:The Times Literary Supplement 2689:. Reissued by Signet (2001). 2537:. (Revision and retitling of 1786:), as well as another one by 1700:Mordred and his half-brother 1675:and an abridged retelling of 932:tournaments, and as noted by 706: 555:Yvain ou le Chevalier au Lion 268:. Until the discovery of the 229:of tales about the legendary 5359:Works subject to expurgation 5329:Books published posthumously 4821:Bryan, ed. (1999), p. xviii. 4028:. Cornell University Press. 3396:. Univ of California Press. 2956:(HTML with illustrations by 2051:(1901). A retitled version, 1671:(including the story of the 1239:that Arthur received from a 1025:(Caxton's Book V, Vinaver's 5186:Winchester College football 5117:public domain audiobook at 4960:Arthurian Literature XXXIII 4920:Dover Publications (1972). 4877:. Charles Scribner's Sons. 3644:Morgan Library & Museum 3417:Athenaeum 11 September 1897 3037:Ms. Echard's Medieval Pages 2992:Style of the Morte d'Arthur 2166:Arthur Pendragon of Britain 1855:in 1897 (Temple Classics). 1658:Book VII (Caxton XVIII–XIX) 1042:(Caxton's Book VI, Field's 790:than the Middle English of 744:In his 1947 publication of 716:An assistant headmaster at 619:Morgan Library & Museum 5375: 4737:10.1086/pbsa.68.1.24302417 4455:The Modern Language Review 3938:Vol. 37, No. 3, pp. 347–8. 3516:Translation and Literature 3504:Bryan (1994), pp. viii–ix. 3438:Matthews, William (1960). 2626:Malory: The Morte Darthur. 2432:Early English Text Society 2214:Knights of the Round Table 2010:In 1892, London publisher 1831:as a book for boys titled 1636:Knights of the Round Table 1607:Book VI (Caxton XIII–XVII) 1486: 1429:The Romance of King Arthur 1137:Knights of the Round Table 1004:King Uther and King Arthur 884:with his own contemporary 591: 313:, son of Sir John Malory. 289: 247:Knights of the Round Table 26: 4705:– via Google Books. 4563:Arthurian Interpretations 4223:Arthurian Literature XXIX 4038:– via Google Books. 3744:– via Google Books. 3731:A New Companion to Malory 3707:"Malory's Morte d'Arthur" 3705:McShane, Kara L. (2010). 3562:Norris, Ralph C. (2008). 3528:10.3366/E0968136108000198 3428:Lumiansky (1987), p. 882. 2260:described his 1978 novel 1685:Book VIII (Caxton XX–XXI) 1408:Historia Regum Britanniae 1108:The Tale of the Sankgreal 693:The Winchester Manuscript 575:The Weddynge of Syr Gawen 558:(or its English version, 46: 4900:. Grosset & Dunlap. 4589:"Lancelot and Guenevere" 4120:Murrin, Michael (1997). 3734:. Boydell & Brewer. 2385:The Death of King Arthur 2212:'s comic book retelling 2154:The Once and Future King 2026:in 1972 under the title 1770:'s poem "Morte d'Arthur" 1529:Book V (Caxton VIII–XII) 1277:in its version from the 739:extensive use of red ink 518:) to create this text." 362:in London that he wrote 27:Not to be confused with 5099:Full Text of Volume Two 5090:Full Text of Volume One 4856:Knowles, James (1862). 3848:Whetter, K. S. (2017). 3180:Illegitimacy in fiction 3103:10.1093/res/XXIV.93.257 2988:Malory's Morte d'Arthur 2747: 2527:Malory: Complete Works. 1962:William Henry Margetson 1906:Malory's book inspired 1818:Malory's Morte d'Arthur 1711:the bloody final battle 1617:William Henry Margetson 1381:Constantine of Cornwall 1000:The Tale of King Arthur 722:Walter Fraser Oakeshott 225:prose reworking by Sir 211: 207:(originally written as 201: 5354:Works by Thomas Malory 5214:Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 80 4766:LYNCH, ANDREW (1999). 4719:Gaines, Barry (1974). 4503:Norris, Ralph (2008). 3484:. C. Scribner's Sons. 3002:Arthur Dies at the End 2202:retold the stories as 1891: 1771: 1766:1912 illustration for 1697: 1673:Fair Maiden of Ascolat 1631:Queste del Saint Graal 1624: 1510: 1443: 1255:from her father, King 1195:Arthur is born to the 1192: 1157:in modern scholarship) 984: 945:Charles W. Moorman III 841: 713: 588:Publication and impact 486: 81: 5080:Le Morte d'Arthur 5029:Retrieved 2012-12-17. 5017:Retrieved 2012-12-17. 4986:10.1353/art.2012.0032 4812:Bryan (1994), p. xii. 4784:10.1353/art.1999.0002 4346:10.1353/art.2004.0030 4249:10.1353/art.2003.0042 4091:10.1353/art.2006.0009 3980:10.1353/art.2006.0065 3890:10.1353/art.1995.0026 3835:www.maloryproject.com 3376:Dugdale, Sir Thomas. 3348:10.1353/art.2004.0066 3303:Wight, Colin (2009). 3241:was often reduced to 2350:in 2006, followed by 2286:Marion Zimmer Bradley 2246:The Boy's King Arthur 2216:was published in the 2143:William Russell Flint 2129:Thomas Heath Robinson 2074:. It was retitled as 1958:George Housman Thomas 1887:The Boy's King Arthur 1876: 1761: 1692: 1614: 1555:La Cote de Male Tayle 1496: 1487:Further information: 1426: 1183: 1044:Sir Launcelot du Lake 978: 827: 758:West Northamptonshire 700: 679:Alfred, Lord Tennyson 474: 394:is Thomas Mallory of 270:Winchester Manuscript 5124:Different copies of 4934:University, Bangor. 4604:Studies in Philology 4490:Arthurian Literature 4280:Studies in Philology 4146:Scott-Kilvert, Ian. 3757:"The Text of Malory" 3478:Parini, Jay (2002). 3197:Notes and references 3087:Whitteridge, Gweneth 2827:Malory, Sir Thomas. 2823:Modernised spelling: 2774:Malory, Sir Thomas. 2758:Malory, Sir Thomas. 2706:Lumiansky, Robert M. 2673:Malory, Sir Thomas. 2609:Malory, Sir Thomas. 2605:Modernised spelling: 2488:Malory, Sir Thomas. 2426:Malory, Sir Thomas. 2219:Classics Illustrated 2176:Roger Lancelyn Green 2078:in the 1909 edition. 2039:Arthur George Walker 1945:James Thomas Knowles 1619:'s illustration for 1503:James Thomas Knowles 1501:'s illustration for 1483:Book IV (Caxton VII) 1419:Book III (Caxton VI) 1377:Geoffrey of Monmouth 1337:15th-century England 1229:Battle of Bedegraine 1217:sword from the stone 1176:Book I (Caxton I–IV) 1065:Sir Gareth of Orkney 928:codes of honour and 788:Early Modern English 641:: William Copland's 623:John Rylands Library 621:in New York and the 613:to the entire book. 449:, a militant of the 258:medieval English era 251:Arthurian literature 5339:Medieval literature 5278:New College, Oxford 5260:St Catherine's Hill 4836:d.lib.rochester.edu 3681:Bryan (2004), p. ix 3019:The Daily Telegraph 2658:Armstrong, Dorsey. 2629:York Medieval Texts 2327:, Barbara Lindsay, 2325:Emma Gelders Sterne 2291:The Mists of Avalon 2200:Alice Mary Hadfield 2068:The Book of Romance 1910:'s unfinished poem 1764:Alberto Sangorski's 1515:Lynette and Lioness 1464:episode taken from 1439:and illustrated by 1387:to meet his cousin 1162:Internal Chronology 1155:The Death of Arthur 1135:The breakup of the 979:The holy island of 963:; and the mystical 804:English. Where the 572:. The English poem 329:prison and then in 219:Anglo-Norman French 77:Original title 43: 29:La mort de l'auteur 18:Morte d'Arthur 5293:William of Wykeham 5283:New College School 5221:The Trusty Servant 5167:Winchester College 4802:– via JSTOR. 4755:– via JSTOR. 4523:10.7722/j.ctt81sfd 4063:"Morte d'Arthur." 3862:William Matthews, 3817:Gutenberg-Jahrbuch 3324:, pp. 257–265 2982:Glossary to Book 2 2978:Glossary to Book 1 2770:Original spelling: 2702:Le Morte D'Arthur. 2641:The Poisoned Apple 2450:Original spelling: 2368:Tale of Sir Gareth 2358:Castle Freeman Jr. 2248:for his own novel 2072:Henry Justice Ford 2024:Dover Publications 2001:Grosset and Dunlap 1924:Idylls of the King 1892: 1776:Alexander Chalmers 1772: 1698: 1625: 1571:Elaine of Corbenic 1511: 1444: 1343:Book II (Caxton V) 1245:Battle of Clarence 1193: 1101:The quest for the 1072:Tristan and Iseult 985: 916:invaders with the 886:Kingdom of England 846:historical fantasy 842: 820:Setting and themes 786:is much closer to 718:Winchester College 714: 532:chivalric romances 487: 447:Knight Hospitaller 149:Kingdom of England 121:historical fantasy 5301: 5300: 5209:Le Morte d'Arthur 5114:Le Morte d'Arthur 5103:Project Gutenberg 5094:Project Gutenberg 5064:. April 23, 2023. 4673:"Death of Arthur" 4541:Arthurian Studies 4008:"Prose Romance." 3798:"British Library" 3755:W. F. Oakeshott. 3660:"British Library" 3491:978-0-684-31228-6 3464:979-8-9868157-2-5 3265:Le morte d'Arthur 3184:Le Morte d'Arthur 3058:Le Morte D'Arthur 2974:Le Morte d'Arthur 2929:Project Gutenberg 2923:Le Morte Darthur. 2893:Le Morte d'Arthur 2874:Le Morte d'Arthur 2869:. (Pollard text.) 2859:Le morte d'Arthur 2829:Le Morte d'Arthur 2677:Le Morte D'Arthur 2490:Le Morte Darthur. 2484:978-1-843-84314-6 2467:978-1-843-84460-0 2399:Le morte D'Arthur 2389:Le Morte d'Arthur 2342:Jeff Limke's and 2333:Mary Pope Osborne 2319:Le Morte d'Arthur 2296:Le Morte d'Arthur 2280:Le Morte d'Arthur 2162:John W. Donaldson 2135:Alfred W. Pollard 1949:Le Morte d'Arthur 1929:Le Morte d'Arthur 1896:Le Morte d'Arthur 1778:, illustrated by 1695:Florence Harrison 1591:Le Morte d'Arthur 1437:Alfred W. Pollard 1375:. Departing from 1333:Wars of the Roses 1321:Le Morte d'Arthur 1251:and inherits the 1203:and his new wife 981:Mont-Saint-Michel 934:Ian Scott-Kilvert 862:ancient Near East 834:Winchester Castle 784:Le Morte d'Arthur 780:Le Morte d'Arthur 639:English Civil War 599:Le Morte d'Arthur 491:Le Morte d'Arthur 396:Papworth St Agnes 364:Le Morte d'Arthur 298:Le Morte d'Arthur 274:Le Morte d'Arthur 262:Le Morte d'Arthur 202:Le Morte d'Arthur 196: 195: 185:Le Morte d'Arthur 145:Publication place 117:sword and sorcery 113:Chivalric romance 103:Matter of Britain 55:Le Morte D'Arthur 41:Le Morte d'Arthur 16:(Redirected from 5366: 5160: 5153: 5146: 5137: 5131:Internet Archive 5126:La Mort d'Arthur 5111: 5110: 5066: 5065: 5054: 5048: 5047: 5046:. 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(Plain text.) 2776:Caxton's Malory 2750: 2418: 2413: 2411:The work itself 2408: 2329:Gustaf Tenggren 2222:series in 1953. 1919:Alfred Tennyson 1917:Victorian poet 1853:Israel Gollancz 1829:Edward Strachey 1756: 1687: 1660: 1609: 1531: 1491: 1485: 1462:chapel perilous 1421: 1345: 1323:. According to 1286:Balyn and Balan 1281:Suite du Merlin 1201:Uther Pendragon 1178: 1173: 1164: 1141:the last battle 973: 953:Queen Guinevere 920:in the role of 860:tales from the 822: 776: 771: 732:Malory scholar 709: 695: 670:British Library 655:William Stansby 635:Wynkyn de Worde 596: 590: 477:Siedlęcin Tower 469: 451:Catholic Church 400:Huntingdonshire 358:final stint at 294: 288: 283: 159: 62: 35: 32: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5372: 5370: 5362: 5361: 5356: 5351: 5346: 5341: 5336: 5331: 5326: 5321: 5316: 5306: 5305: 5299: 5298: 5296: 5295: 5290: 5285: 5280: 5274: 5272: 5268: 5267: 5265: 5264: 5263: 5262: 5257: 5255:Cricket ground 5249: 5248: 5247: 5242: 5233: 5231: 5227: 5226: 5224: 5223: 5218: 5217: 5216: 5211: 5203: 5198: 5193: 5188: 5183: 5177: 5175: 5171: 5170: 5165: 5163: 5162: 5155: 5148: 5140: 5134: 5133: 5121: 5105: 5096: 5087: 5074: 5073:External links 5071: 5068: 5067: 5049: 5031: 5019: 5007: 4964: 4951: 4926: 4913: 4906: 4888: 4865: 4848: 4823: 4814: 4805: 4758: 4708: 4701: 4678: 4664: 4643:10.1086/388421 4637:(2): 125–138. 4621: 4610:(3): 460–472. 4594: 4580: 4553: 4528: 4513: 4495: 4480: 4461:(4): 391–397. 4445: 4424:10.1086/388002 4402: 4383:(2): 259–269. 4367: 4324: 4313:(4): 563–587. 4297: 4286:(3): 350–366. 4270: 4227: 4225:, pp. 121–142. 4214: 4203:(2): 240–249. 4187: 4168:(3): 163–176. 4152: 4139: 4132: 4112: 4069: 4056: 4041: 4035:978-0801443657 4034: 4014: 4001: 3958: 3940: 3920: 3911: 3868: 3855: 3840: 3822: 3807: 3789: 3773: 3747: 3740: 3720: 3697: 3683: 3674: 3665: 3648: 3635: 3624:(2): 123–129. 3608: 3601: 3581: 3574: 3549: 3522:(2): 133–149. 3506: 3497: 3490: 3470: 3463: 3445: 3430: 3421: 3409: 3402: 3382: 3369: 3326: 3314: 3292: 3280: 3273: 3255: 3201: 3200: 3198: 3195: 3194: 3193: 3187: 3176: 3175: 3161: 3158:History portal 3147: 3144:England portal 3131: 3128: 3127: 3126: 3123: 3083: 3069: 3052: 3049: 3048: 3047: 3046: 3045: 3040: 3030: 3006: 3005: 2999: 2985: 2968: 2965: 2964: 2963: 2962: 2961: 2951: 2940: 2926: 2919: 2908: 2889: 2870: 2855: 2840: 2819: 2818: 2817: 2816: 2809: 2806:978-1786645517 2794: 2787: 2766: 2765: 2764: 2763: 2749: 2746: 2745: 2744: 2743: 2742: 2741:. (Unfinished) 2720:John Steinbeck 2717: 2698: 2671: 2647: 2646: 2645: 2644: 2622: 2601: 2600: 2599: 2598: 2591: 2576:Malory: Works. 2572: 2557: 2546:Malory: Works. 2542: 2523: 2500: 2486: 2469: 2446: 2445: 2444: 2443: 2417: 2414: 2412: 2409: 2407: 2404: 2403: 2402: 2395:Chris Crawford 2392: 2383:'s 2010 novel 2378: 2371: 2360:'s 2008 novel 2355: 2340: 2322: 2303: 2283: 2267: 2255: 2239: 2226:John Steinbeck 2223: 2207: 2197: 2186:Lotte Reiniger 2173: 2158: 2146: 2139:Arthur Rackham 2132: 2109: 2079: 2060: 2042: 2031: 2008: 1983: 1970:Lancelot Speed 1942: 1915: 1912:Morte D'Arthur 1908:Reginald Heber 1871: 1870: 1860:Modern English 1822:Robert Southey 1814:William Upcott 1755: 1752: 1686: 1683: 1659: 1656: 1608: 1605: 1530: 1527: 1499:Lancelot Speed 1484: 1481: 1441:Arthur Rackham 1433:Morte d'Arthur 1420: 1417: 1369:Emperor Lucius 1344: 1341: 1294:Questing Beast 1290:King Pellinore 1177: 1174: 1172: 1169: 1163: 1160: 1159: 1158: 1133: 1116: 1099: 1070:The legend of 1068: 1047: 1034: 1011:Western Romans 1007: 972: 969: 961:King Pellinore 882:Celtic Britain 856:, and recalls 821: 818: 775: 772: 770: 767: 762:Angus McIntosh 734:Eugène Vinaver 703:Morte d'Arthur 694: 691: 687:John Steinbeck 675:Edmund Spenser 589: 586: 581:De re militari 564:), as well as 502:Middle English 482:Lancelot-Grail 468: 465: 422:Hutton Conyers 378:in the famous 360:Newgate Prison 343:Northumberland 303:William Caxton 290:Main article: 287: 284: 282: 279: 266:William Caxton 223:Middle English 194: 193: 180: 176: 175: 172: 164: 163: 160: 155: 152: 151: 146: 142: 141: 139:William Caxton 136: 132: 131: 128: 124: 123: 110: 106: 105: 100: 96: 95: 93:Middle English 90: 86: 85: 78: 74: 73: 68: 64: 63: 52: 33: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5371: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5347: 5345: 5342: 5340: 5337: 5335: 5334:British books 5332: 5330: 5327: 5325: 5322: 5320: 5317: 5315: 5312: 5311: 5309: 5294: 5291: 5289: 5286: 5284: 5281: 5279: 5276: 5275: 5273: 5269: 5261: 5258: 5256: 5253: 5252: 5250: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5238: 5237: 5235: 5234: 5232: 5228: 5222: 5219: 5215: 5212: 5210: 5207: 5206: 5204: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5184: 5182: 5179: 5178: 5176: 5172: 5168: 5161: 5156: 5154: 5149: 5147: 5142: 5141: 5138: 5132: 5128: 5127: 5122: 5120: 5116: 5115: 5106: 5104: 5100: 5097: 5095: 5091: 5088: 5086: 5082: 5081: 5077: 5076: 5072: 5063: 5059: 5053: 5050: 5045: 5041: 5035: 5032: 5028: 5023: 5020: 5016: 5011: 5008: 5003: 4999: 4995: 4991: 4987: 4983: 4979: 4975: 4968: 4965: 4961: 4955: 4952: 4941: 4937: 4930: 4927: 4923: 4917: 4914: 4909: 4903: 4899: 4892: 4889: 4884: 4880: 4876: 4869: 4866: 4861: 4860: 4852: 4849: 4837: 4833: 4827: 4824: 4818: 4815: 4809: 4806: 4801: 4797: 4793: 4789: 4785: 4781: 4777: 4773: 4769: 4762: 4759: 4754: 4750: 4746: 4742: 4738: 4734: 4730: 4726: 4722: 4715: 4713: 4709: 4704: 4702:9781512804140 4698: 4694: 4693: 4685: 4683: 4679: 4674: 4668: 4665: 4660: 4656: 4652: 4648: 4644: 4640: 4636: 4632: 4625: 4622: 4617: 4613: 4609: 4605: 4598: 4595: 4590: 4584: 4581: 4576: 4572: 4568: 4564: 4557: 4554: 4550: 4549:9781843840138 4546: 4542: 4538: 4532: 4529: 4524: 4520: 4516: 4514:9781843841548 4510: 4506: 4499: 4496: 4491: 4484: 4481: 4476: 4472: 4468: 4464: 4460: 4456: 4449: 4446: 4441: 4437: 4433: 4429: 4425: 4421: 4417: 4413: 4406: 4403: 4398: 4394: 4390: 4386: 4382: 4378: 4371: 4368: 4363: 4359: 4355: 4351: 4347: 4343: 4339: 4335: 4328: 4325: 4320: 4316: 4312: 4308: 4301: 4298: 4293: 4289: 4285: 4281: 4274: 4271: 4266: 4262: 4258: 4254: 4250: 4246: 4242: 4238: 4231: 4228: 4224: 4218: 4215: 4210: 4206: 4202: 4198: 4191: 4188: 4183: 4179: 4175: 4171: 4167: 4163: 4156: 4153: 4149: 4143: 4140: 4135: 4133:9780226554051 4129: 4125: 4124: 4116: 4113: 4108: 4104: 4100: 4096: 4092: 4088: 4084: 4080: 4073: 4070: 4066: 4060: 4057: 4052: 4045: 4042: 4037: 4031: 4027: 4026: 4018: 4015: 4011: 4005: 4002: 3997: 3993: 3989: 3985: 3981: 3977: 3973: 3969: 3962: 3959: 3954: 3950: 3944: 3941: 3937: 3933: 3932: 3924: 3921: 3915: 3912: 3907: 3903: 3899: 3895: 3891: 3887: 3883: 3879: 3872: 3869: 3865: 3859: 3856: 3851: 3844: 3841: 3836: 3832: 3826: 3823: 3819: 3818: 3811: 3808: 3803: 3799: 3793: 3790: 3786: 3780: 3778: 3774: 3763:on 2008-07-03 3762: 3758: 3751: 3748: 3743: 3741:9781843845232 3737: 3733: 3732: 3724: 3721: 3708: 3701: 3698: 3693: 3687: 3684: 3678: 3675: 3669: 3666: 3661: 3655: 3653: 3649: 3645: 3639: 3636: 3631: 3627: 3623: 3619: 3612: 3609: 3604: 3602:9781317341840 3598: 3595:. Routledge. 3594: 3593: 3585: 3582: 3577: 3575:9781843841548 3571: 3568:. DS Brewer. 3567: 3566: 3558: 3556: 3554: 3550: 3545: 3541: 3537: 3533: 3529: 3525: 3521: 3517: 3510: 3507: 3501: 3498: 3493: 3487: 3483: 3482: 3474: 3471: 3466: 3460: 3456: 3449: 3446: 3441: 3434: 3431: 3425: 3422: 3418: 3413: 3410: 3405: 3403:9780520373365 3399: 3395: 3394: 3386: 3383: 3379: 3373: 3370: 3365: 3361: 3357: 3353: 3349: 3345: 3341: 3337: 3330: 3327: 3323: 3318: 3315: 3310: 3306: 3299: 3297: 3293: 3289: 3284: 3281: 3276: 3274:0-679-60099-X 3270: 3266: 3259: 3256: 3252: 3248: 3244: 3240: 3236: 3232: 3228: 3224: 3220: 3216: 3212: 3206: 3203: 3196: 3191: 3188: 3185: 3181: 3178: 3177: 3173: 3172:Novels portal 3167: 3162: 3159: 3148: 3145: 3134: 3129: 3124: 3120: 3116: 3112: 3108: 3104: 3100: 3096: 3092: 3088: 3084: 3081: 3077: 3073: 3070: 3067: 3066:0-679-60099-X 3063: 3059: 3055: 3054: 3050: 3044: 3041: 3038: 3034: 3031: 3028: 3024: 3020: 3016: 3013: 3012: 3011: 3008: 3007: 3003: 3000: 2997: 2993: 2989: 2986: 2983: 2979: 2975: 2971: 2970: 2966: 2959: 2955: 2952: 2949: 2945: 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2150: 2147: 2144: 2140: 2136: 2133: 2130: 2126: 2122: 2118: 2114: 2113:Henry Gilbert 2110: 2107: 2106: 2101: 2100: 2095: 2094: 2089: 2088: 2083: 2080: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2058: 2054: 2050: 2046: 2045:Beatrice Clay 2043: 2040: 2036: 2032: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2009: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1994: 1993: 1988: 1987:Sidney Lanier 1984: 1981: 1980: 1975: 1971: 1967: 1963: 1959: 1954: 1950: 1946: 1943: 1940: 1936: 1935: 1930: 1926: 1925: 1920: 1916: 1913: 1909: 1905: 1904: 1903: 1901: 1897: 1889: 1888: 1883: 1882:Sidney Lanier 1879: 1875: 1868: 1865: 1864: 1863: 1861: 1856: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1825: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1811: 1809: 1805: 1801: 1797: 1796:Thomas Wright 1793: 1789: 1785: 1781: 1777: 1769: 1765: 1760: 1753: 1751: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1740: 1734: 1733: 1726: 1724: 1720: 1716: 1712: 1708: 1703: 1696: 1691: 1684: 1682: 1680: 1679: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1657: 1655: 1651: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1632: 1622: 1618: 1613: 1606: 1604: 1601: 1597: 1592: 1588: 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361: 356: 352: 348: 344: 340: 336: 332: 328: 324: 320: 314: 312: 308: 307:Newbold Revel 304: 299: 293: 292:Thomas Malory 285: 280: 278: 275: 271: 267: 263: 259: 254: 252: 248: 244: 240: 236: 232: 228: 227:Thomas Malory 224: 220: 216: 215: 213: 206: 205: 203: 192: 188: 187: 186: 181: 177: 173: 171: 169:LC Class 165: 161: 158: 157:Dewey Decimal 153: 150: 147: 143: 140: 137: 133: 129: 125: 122: 118: 114: 111: 107: 104: 101: 97: 94: 91: 87: 83: 79: 75: 72: 71:Thomas Malory 69: 65: 60: 57:published by 56: 50: 45: 42: 37: 30: 19: 5245:War Cloister 5240:Architecture 5181:Chapel Choir 5125: 5113: 5078: 5061: 5052: 5044:The Guardian 5043: 5034: 5022: 5010: 4980:(3): 57–68. 4977: 4973: 4967: 4959: 4954: 4943:. 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