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and that the depiction of India as a Hindu goddess implies that it is not just the patriotic but also the religious duty of all Hindus to participate in the nationalist struggle to defend the nation. This association has caused controversy with devout
Muslims, whose belief in the
425:
elaborated its meaning in idealizing and idealist terms, along with Hindu philosophical traditions and devotional practices. It represented an archaic spiritual essence, a transcendental idea of
Universe as well as expressing Universal Hinduism and nationhood.
325:
368:, depicts a woman and her husband who go to the forest and encounter rebels. A priest takes them to a temple where they are shown Bharat Mata. Thus they are inspired and lead a rebellion which results in the defeat of the British. The
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444:, an admirer of the painting, opined that the picture was refined and imaginative, with Bharatmata standing on green earth and blue sky behind her; feet with four lotuses, four arms meaning divine power;
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in 1936. Mahatma Gandhi said, "I hope this temple, which will serve as a cosmopolitan platform for people of all religions, castes, and creeds including
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in 1936 by Shiv
Prashad Gupt and was inaugurated by Mahatma Gandhi. This temple does not have any statuary but only a marble relief of the map of India.
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flag was also started being included during this period. In 1930s, the image entered in religious practice. The Bharat Mata temple was built in
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in 1909. In the decades following, she appeared throughout India in popular art: in magazines, posters, and calendars, becoming a symbol of
1127:
550:. In contemporary colloquial usage, however, the expression is analogous to "Long live Mother India" or "Salute to Mother India." (See also
398:", which soon became the song of the emerging freedom movement in India. As the British Raj created cartographic shape of India through the
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and religions. Most visitors to the temple are foreign tourists. Indian
Muslims have opposed the chanting of her name, because in
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440:, and a white cloth. The image of Bharatmata was an icon to create nationalist feeling in Indians during the freedom struggle.
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300:(divine image used for worship). On its wall is displayed a poem written for the inauguration by the nationalist
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in 1983. Floors are dedicated to mythological legends, religious deities, freedom fighters and leaders.
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the vision of India as Bharat Mata has profound implications for the politics of Hindu nationalism
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in 1936. The temple has a large marble relief map of India on its floor, but originally lacked a
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Bharat Mata's third temple will be built in
Kurukshetra, 5 acres of land will be near Jyotisar
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Everyday
Nationalism: Women of the Hindu Right in India: The Ethnography of Political Violence
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618:. The temple houses a marble idol of Bharat Mata along with a marble relief map of India.
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685:. This was inaugurated on October 19, 2015 (Mahashashti Day of Durga Puja that year) by
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The temple is located in
Michael Nagar on Jessore Road, barely 2 km away from the
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834:"History lesson: How 'Bharat Mata' became the code word for a theocratic Hindu state"
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916:"A Mother's worship: Why some Muslims find it difficult to say 'Bharat Mata ki jai'"
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showing "Bharat Mata" (Mother India) with her diverse progeny and the rallying cry "
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There are a handful of Bharat Mata temples in India. The first was inaugurated by
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Hindu
Goddesses: Vision of the Divine Feminine in the Hindu Religious Traditions
816:, Martin Gaenszle, Jörg Gengnagel, illustrated, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, 2006,
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212:(1882), wherein she was depicted in a form inseparable from the Hindu goddesses
17:
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953:"Far from being eternal, Bharat Mata is only a little more than 100 years old"
873:"Far from being eternal, Bharat Mata is only a little more than 100 years old"
814:
Visualizing space in
Banaras: images, maps, and the practice of representation
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In the 1920s, it became a more political image, sometimes including images of
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1088:"Patriotism in India: Oh mother: A nationalist slogan sends sectarian sparks"
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wearing saffron-colored robes, holding the manuscripts, sheaves of rice, a
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1265:"Bharat Mata Temple - Bharat Mata Temple Varanasi - Bharat Mata Mandir"
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232:. In numerous protest meetings, she was invoked in the rallying cry
199:
402:, the Indian nationalist developed it into an icon of nationalism.
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The Sound of Dog-Whistling: 'Vande
Mataram' itself is not communal.
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849:"A day in the life of Bharat Mata Mandir, Varanasi: Idol chatter"
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Specters of Mother India: the global restructuring of an empire
661:. It has 8 storeys and is 180 feet tall. It was inaugurated by
448:
and sincere eyes; and gifts Shiksha-Diksha-Anna-Bastra of the
348:
A modern illustration of Bharat Mata, commonly used in posters
1205:"Arti Lambang Polri (Meaning of the national police symbol)"
693:. The initiative to build the temple, which has been named
261:. By the late 19th century, maps of India produced by the
535:
keeps them from assigning divinity to any god other than
364:, was first performed in 1873. The play, set during the
520:
Everyday Nationalism: Women of the Hindu Right in India
171:. Bharat Mata is commonly depicted dressed in a red or
677:. Here, Bharat Mata is portrayed through the image of
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The relief map of India as Bharat Mata, carved out of
30:
This article is about the national personification of
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1228:
1226:
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2521:
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1128:"Thinking Allowed: Feeling seditious or patriotic?"
1071:
What's wrong in saying Bharat Mata Ki Jai: Congress
514:, or Cape Comorin, the southern-most coast of India
241:Bharat Mata was painted as a four-armed goddess by
125:
106:
98:
90:
51:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1006:, Sumathi Ramaswamy, Duke University Press, 2010,
372:magazine story traces origin to a satirical work
316:, the divine cannot be worshipped in human form.
202:in modern literature. She was popularised by the
1004:The Goddess and the Nation: Mapping Mother India
384:which was first published anonymously in 1866.
556:Indonesia's several dozen national armed units
490:of Bharat Mata during his visit with his guru
2212:
1413:
750:to construct the next temple of Bharat Mata.
8:
884:
882:
625:and Durga Prasad Khatri, was inaugurated by
546:("Victory for Mother India") is used by the
308:; it proclaims the temple to be open to all
129:Few temples in India, first inaugurated in
2219:
2205:
2197:
1420:
1406:
1398:
1288:, Potter/TenSpeed/Harmony, pp. 100–,
1053:, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2009,
703:in order to mark the 140th anniversary of
640:Bharat Mata at Jatiya Shaktipeeth, Kolkata
245:in 1904, in the style associated with the
70:
934:. Motilal Banarsidass, New Delhi, India.
621:The Temple, a gift from the nationalists
352:The image of Bharat Mata formed with the
968:, Manu Goswami, Orient Blackswan, 2004,
323:
224:in 1905, she was highlighted during the
791:
432:portrayed Bharat Mata as a four-armed
48:
7:
1394:Prof. Pritchett, Columbia University
585:("Wings of The Motherland") and the
356:of the late 19th century. A play by
1157:"It is Jai Hind for Army personnel"
522:, Kalyani Devaki Menon argues that
486:. He also says that he has got the
889:Roche, Elizabeth (17 March 2016).
799:McGregor, R. S. (1993). "bhārat".
25:
1439:Afghanistan, Iran and Tajikistan
1386:The life and times of Bharat Mata
1207:. www.polri.go.id. Archived from
987:, Mrinalini Sinha, Zubaan, 2006,
847:Singh, Ramendra (April 3, 2016),
27:National personification of India
2370:
1367:
1483:Personification of the Americas
801:Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary
612:Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapeeth
482:. He identified Bharat Mata as
478:saw Bharat Mata as the land of
1388:Sadan Jha, Manushi, Issue 142.
1282:Eck, Diana L (27 March 2012),
1155:Vinay Kumar (2 October 2012).
1:
1235:IMPORTANT TEMPLES OF VARANASI
474:Indian Independence activist
328:Cover of a 1909 issue of the
226:boycott of British-made goods
2753:Indian independence movement
891:"The origins of Bharat Mata"
593:("Nation's main servants").
354:Indian independence movement
267:Great Trigonometrical Survey
183:; she sometimes stands on a
1382:The Hindu, August 17, 2003.
727:, granted 5 acre land near
222:division of Bengal province
220:. After the controversial
198:dates to late 19th century
147:
2774:
1533:Preah Thong and Neang Neak
803:. Oxford University Press.
700:Spiritual Society of India
649:The temple was founded by
587:Indonesian National Police
400:Geological Survey of India
42:. For the Hindi film, see
29:
2743:National symbols of India
2728:National personifications
2692:
2368:
2181:
1435:
1429:National personifications
1285:India: A Sacred Geography
721:Chief Minister of Haryana
394:and introduced the hymn "
386:Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
69:
56:
2676:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali
2186:Other symbols of Liberty
1136:(Opinion). 21 March 2016
255:Victoria Memorial Museum
238:(I bow to the mother).
187:and is accompanied by a
157:national personification
59:National personification
780:Mother India (magazine)
691:Governor of West Bengal
565:mottoes, including the
110:Red or saffron-colored
1047:Kalyani Devaki Menon,
641:
515:
471:
388:in 1882 wrote a novel
358:Kiran Chandra Banerjee
349:
341:
230:Surendranath Bannerjee
40:Bharat Mata (painting)
34:. For the painting by
1493:Little Boy from Manly
1463:Effigies of Argentina
687:Keshari Nath Tripathi
639:
567:National Armed Forces
505:
458:
378:The Nineteenth Purana
347:
327:
1778:Kathleen Ni Houlihan
1733:Lady of the Mountain
1376:at Wikimedia Commons
1329:"Bharat Mata Mandir"
1024:"Hindu Vivek Kendra"
653:on the banks of the
651:Swami Satyamitranand
579:Indonesian Air Force
430:Abanindranath Tagore
306:Maithili Sharan Gupt
247:Bengal School of Art
243:Abanindranath Tagore
83:Abanindranath Tagore
36:Abanindranath Tagore
1983:Efígie da República
1523:Efígie da República
740:"Bharat Mata Trust"
725:Manohar Lal Khattar
697:, was taken by the
554:.) Muslim-majority
382:Bhudeb Mukhopadhyay
265:, and based on the
2723:Toponyms for India
1392:Bharat Mata Images
1313:Bharat Mata Temple
1251:2011-06-28 at the
1240:2012-11-05 at the
719:In July 2019, the
695:Jatiya Shaktipeeth
642:
610:is located in the
608:Bharat Mata Temple
591:Rastra Sewakottama
577:, for example the
544:Bharat Mata ki Jai
516:
476:Subramania Bharati
472:
465:Bharat Mata Mandir
366:1770 Bengal famine
350:
342:
283:Indian nationalism
271:Subramania Bharati
151:, Mother India in
2748:Hindu nationalism
2710:
2709:
2194:
2193:
1380:Patriotic fervour
1372:Media related to
1295:978-0-385-53191-7
1059:978-0-8122-4196-9
1012:978-0-8223-4610-4
993:978-81-89884-00-0
974:978-81-7824-107-4
822:978-3-447-05187-3
623:Shiv Prasad Gupta
563:Sanskrit language
452:to her children.
423:Bipin Chandra Pal
228:organized by Sir
140:
139:
114:, national flag,
16:(Redirected from
2765:
2738:Mother goddesses
2374:
2221:
2214:
2207:
2198:
2165:
2151:
2118:Brother Jonathan
1723:Lady of Hungaria
1683:Deutscher Michel
1422:
1415:
1408:
1399:
1371:
1355:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1341:
1340:
1331:. Archived from
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1279:
1273:
1272:
1267:. Archived from
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1255:
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1201:
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1185:. www.tni.mil.id
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1163:. Chennai, India
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1133:Deccan Chronicle
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1026:. Archived from
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957:
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928:Kinsley, David.
926:
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918:. November 2017.
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836:. 17 March 2016.
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204:Bengali language
150:
74:
49:
21:
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2733:Hindu goddesses
2713:
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2702:Hindu mythology
2688:
2599:
2517:
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2234:
2225:
2195:
2190:
2177:
2163:Southern states
2161:
2149:Northern states
2147:
2089:United Kingdom
2073:Siam Devadhiraj
1748:Indian Elephant
1594:Czech Republic
1431:
1426:
1364:
1359:
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1338:
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1317:mapsofIndia.com
1311:
1302:
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1258:
1253:Wayback Machine
1246:varanasi.nic.in
1242:Wayback Machine
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955:. 5 April 2016.
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875:. 5 April 2016.
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775:Siam Devadhiraj
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675:Kolkata Airport
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583:Swabhuana Paksa
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492:Sister Nivedita
442:Sister Nivedita
374:Unabimsa Purana
322:
86:
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47:
28:
23:
22:
18:Mother of India
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2758:Forms of Durga
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2008:Russian Winter
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1958:Juan dela Cruz
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1928:Māder-e Millat
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2576:Gramadevatas
2510:
2359:
2173:Countryballs
2133:Lady Justice
2128:Lady Liberty
2108:Welsh Dragon
2059:Switzerland
2003:Russian Bear
1954:Philippines
1948:Madre Patria
1913:Ola Nordmann
1898:Southern man
1894:New Zealand
1888:Dutch Maiden
1884:Netherlands
1742:
1708:Ezili Dantor
1578:Jade Emperor
1513:Leo Belgicus
1348:
1337:. Retrieved
1333:the original
1323:
1284:
1277:
1269:the original
1259:
1213:. Retrieved
1209:the original
1199:
1187:. Retrieved
1177:
1165:. Retrieved
1160:
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1138:. Retrieved
1131:
1122:
1110:
1098:. Retrieved
1091:
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1032:. Retrieved
1028:the original
1018:
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898:. Retrieved
894:
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560:Hindu-origin
543:
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518:In the book
517:
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498:Significance
473:
428:
411:Bhagat Singh
404:
389:
377:
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333:
287:
278:
240:
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195:
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142:
141:
94:Mother India
85:(1871–1951).
76:
44:Mother India
2660:Mahabharata
2571:Kuladevatas
2350:Vishvakarma
2053:Mother Svea
1963:Maria Clara
1844:Kyrgyzstan
1758:Ibu Pertiwi
1743:Bharat Mata
1603:Czech Vašek
1499:Bangladesh
1374:Bharat Mata
858:October 17,
715:Kurukshetra
548:Indian Army
512:Kanyakumari
362:Bharat Mata
263:British Raj
196:Bharat Mata
148:Bhārat Mātā
143:Bharat Mata
133:in 1936 by
91:Other names
78:Bharat Mata
52:Bharat Mata
2717:Categories
2642:Upanishads
2561:Gandharvas
2285:Dattatreya
2157:Johnny Reb
2143:Billy Yank
2103:Dame Wales
2029:Singapore
1988:Zé Povinho
1934:Palestine
1754:Indonesia
1489:Australia
1459:Argentina
1339:2016-06-09
1140:30 October
1034:2016-03-09
786:References
760:Banga Mata
729:Mahabharta
614:campus in
542:The motto
510:statue at
450:motherland
446:white halo
391:Anandamath
277:-magazine
209:Anandamath
175:-coloured
2581:Rakshasas
2451:Mahavidya
2394:Saraswati
2381:Goddesses
2310:Kartikeya
2138:Uncle Sam
2098:John Bull
2093:Britannia
2069:Thailand
1979:Portugal
1919:Pakistan
1903:Zealandia
1868:Hang Tuah
1864:Malaysia
1813:Amaterasu
1529:Cambodia
1503:Bangamata
1479:Americas
1167:8 October
1161:The Hindu
1061:, p. 89f.
589:'s motto
581:'s motto
558:also use
332:magazine
251:displayed
194:The word
2697:Hinduism
2653:Ramayana
2595:Yakshini
2501:Shashthi
2461:Matrikas
2446:Mahadevi
2248:Trimurti
2123:Columbia
2079:Ukraine
2063:Helvetia
2043:Hispania
1858:Abu Abed
1854:Lebanon
1773:Hibernia
1764:Ireland
1729:Iceland
1719:Hungary
1688:Germania
1679:Germany
1669:Georgia
1658:Marianne
1644:Finland
1614:Denmark
1584:Croatia
1509:Belgium
1469:Armenia
1449:Albania
1249:Archived
1238:Archived
900:22 March
754:See also
733:Jyotisar
659:Haridwar
645:Haridwar
631:Harijans
616:Varanasi
602:Varanasi
552:Jai Hind
484:Mahadevi
469:Varanasi
419:Varanasi
294:Varanasi
131:Varanasi
2647:Puranas
2635:Atharva
2604:Texts (
2591:Yakshas
2586:Vahanas
2556:Dikpāla
2529:Apsaras
2481:Rukmini
2456:Matangi
2404:Parvati
2399:Lakshmi
2389:Tridevi
2315:Krishna
2295:Hanuman
2290:Ganesha
2280:Chandra
2275:Ashvins
2049:Sweden
2033:Merlion
2014:Serbia
1994:Russia
1973:Polonia
1969:Poland
1938:Handala
1923:Shaheen
1909:Norway
1838:Ungnyeo
1823:Wanjiku
1784:Israel
1694:Greece
1654:France
1629:Europe
1539:Canada
1519:Brazil
1100:9 April
738:to the
669:Kolkata
597:Temples
488:Darśana
415:Tiranga
370:Manushi
320:History
259:Kolkata
253:in the
206:-novel
173:saffron
167:) as a
155:) is a
153:English
126:Temples
107:Symbols
99:Animals
2551:Devata
2544:Danava
2539:Daitya
2534:Asuras
2496:Shakti
2486:Sanjna
2476:Rohini
2436:Shachi
2421:Chhaya
2340:Varuna
2330:Shasta
2320:Kubera
2258:Vishnu
2253:Brahma
2039:Spain
1878:Melita
1874:Malta
1833:Dangun
1829:Korea
1819:Kenya
1809:Japan
1794:Italy
1788:Srulik
1739:India
1704:Haiti
1698:Hellas
1633:Europa
1598:Čechie
1564:China
1549:Chile
1443:Rostam
1292:
1215:28 May
1189:28 May
1057:
1010:
991:
972:
938:
820:
746:Akhara
744:"Juna
689:, the
655:Ganges
461:marble
413:. The
334:Vijaya
310:castes
304:-poet
279:Vijaya
200:Bengal
165:Bharat
38:, see
2630:Yajur
2615:Vedas
2466:Radha
2431:Ganga
2426:Durga
2416:Bhumi
2411:Aditi
2335:Surya
2300:Indra
2263:Shiva
2232:texts
1944:Peru
1848:Manas
1608:Švejk
1568:Panda
1553:Huaso
736:tirth
731:-era
681:Durga
537:Allah
480:Ganga
330:Tamil
314:Islam
298:murti
214:Durga
185:lotus
161:India
116:lotus
63:India
32:India
2683:more
2625:Sama
2606:list
2566:Gana
2512:more
2506:Sita
2491:Sati
2471:Rati
2441:Kali
2361:more
2355:Yama
2345:Vayu
2325:Rama
2305:Kama
2270:Agni
2240:Gods
2230:and
1803:Roma
1768:Ériu
1558:Roto
1290:ISBN
1217:2018
1191:2018
1169:2012
1142:2016
1102:2016
1055:ISBN
1008:ISBN
989:ISBN
970:ISBN
936:ISBN
902:2017
860:2021
818:ISBN
606:The
575:Navy
571:Army
438:mala
409:and
218:Kali
216:and
189:lion
177:sari
120:lion
112:sari
102:Lion
2620:Rig
742:of
657:in
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