246:
254:
42:
1253:
928:, whose maximum recorded length is 188 cm (74 in). Horns appear as cream-coloured nubs at around six months and start growing in a spiral pattern, reaching full growth by two years. The horns have only one or two spirals, though a few males have been reported to have two-and-a-half turns. The final form might vary in different males โ the horns could form well-defined spirals, or could diverge in a structure similar to a lyre, resembling the horns of an
114:
56:
1104:
89:
1095:, births occur throughout the year, but peak from September to November. Calves remain in cover for the first few weeks after birth. The calves remain close to their mothers for nearly two years. The young females may get pregnant by then. The young males, as they mature by two years, are challenged by other males and driven out of their herds. The lifespan of a mountain nyala is around 15 to 20 years.
949:
968:, composed of several family units moving in and out periodically. Size and longevity of such large herds depends upon the season, habitat type and the time of the day. Female and juvenile groups have adult females accompanied by a calf of her previous year and another of the current year. These groups are led by adult males, depending on the presence of
1275:(CITES). Though legal protection has been fully ensured for the species, the implementation has not been so effective. In 1991, there was widespread unrest in Ethiopia during which several mountain nyala were killed and the population in the Bale Mountains National Park fell to 150. After the Bale Mountains National Park, the small
957:
woodlands and heather thickets when it is very hot or cold. Feeding may occur in midday, but is interspersed with resting intervals. They tend to come out when it is overcast or raining. In the dry season (November to March), given the dilapidated state of grasslands, the mountain nyala travel up to the wooden areas rich in
1264:
in local medicine and for making nipples for traditional milk bottles. Impact of trophy hunting programs is obscure, and current trophy hunting quotas may be unsustainable in the long term although, if well regulated, trophy hunting could play an important role in the long term management of this species.
909:
between the eyes and the white patch on the throat are among the most conspicuous markings. The chest and the rump are white. The lower part of the legs are pale on the inside and clear white spots are present just above the hooves. The coat is fawn brown in male juveniles, and grows darker with age,
330:
The typical habitat for the mountain nyala is composed of montane woodlands at an altitude of 3,000โ3,400 m (9,800โ11,200 ft). Human settlement and large livestock population have forced the animal to occupy heath forests at an altitude of above 3,400 m (11,200 ft). Mountain nyala
1286:
In the 1960s, the population was estimated at 7,000 to 8,000 (and perhaps up to 12,500). This declined sharply to 2,000 to 4,000 individuals in the 1980s. The population is decreasing even now. The mountain nyala is feared to be extinct in the eastern and southern extremes of its range, though a few
1263:
Major threats to the survival of the mountain nyala include illegal hunting, habitat destruction, encroachment by livestock, predation of calves by dogs, expansion of montane cultivation and construction at high altitudes. The animal is extensively hunted for its horns and meat. The meat is utilised
1307:
The influence of the mountain nyala, as well as the nyala, on
Ethiopian culture can not be ignored. Although nyala is a South African word, several prominent businesses such as Nyala Motors use it in their names. The nyala and mountain nyala often regularly appear on walls, commercial products and
987:
covering 15โ20 km (5.8โ7.7 sq mi) in the wet season. Females and juveniles, on the other hand, occupy much smaller ranges of about 5 km (1.9 sq mi) in the wet season. Dry season ranges are much larger than the wet season ones for both sexes. Males often wrestle using
939:
in that both have an array of white spots along their flanks and possess spiral horns. However, the greater kudu can be told apart from the mountain nyala due to the former's greater height and paler colour. Moreover, the horns in greater kudu have two to three spirals, and the tips are farther
900:
bovid. The head-and-body length is approximately 240โ260 cm (94โ102 in) in males and 190โ200 cm (75โ79 in) in females. The males are typically 120โ135 cm (47โ53 in) tall while females stand 90โ100 cm (35โ39 in) at the shoulder. Males weigh 180โ300 kg
308:
defined white strips extending from the back to the underside, and a row of six to ten white spots. White markings are present on the face, throat and legs as well. Males have a short dark erect crest, about 10 cm (3.9 in) high, running along the middle of the back. Only males possess
307:
in 1910. The males are typically 120โ135 cm (47โ53 in) tall while females stand 90โ100 cm (35โ39 in) at the shoulder. Males weigh 180โ300 kg (400โ660 lb) and females weigh 150โ200 kg (330โ440 lb). The coat is grey to brown, marked with two to five poorly
956:
The mountain nyala are shy and elusive towards human beings. They spend the night on the edges of forests, feeding part of the time. To avoid human disturbance, they choose to navigate at night. They come out in morning and late afternoon to browse in grasslands. They generally seek cover in
1166:
Nowadays the continuous blocks of woodland habitat have been reduced to a series of pockets, interspersed in large cultivated lands. Human settlement and large livestock population have forced the animal to occupy heath forests at an altitude of above 3,400 m (11,200 ft) rich in
940:
apart. Another species similar to the mountain nyala is the nyala, but the latter can be easily distinguished from the former due to its smaller size and a fringe of long hair along its throat and neck. The horns of nyala, though very similar, are slender and narrower.
910:
eventually becoming charcoal in old bulls. Males have a short dark erect crest, about 10 cm (3.9 in) high, running along the middle of the back, from the neck to the tail. Coat texture may vary from smooth to rough, probably by season. Females resemble the
972:. Bachelor herds are formed by non-dominant adult bulls and young males, consisting of up to 13 individuals. Mixed sex groups may also be formed. Old bulls tend to lead a solitary life, though they may occasionally visit female herds looking for females in oestrus.
1231:
and the northern Bale Zone to the south. Up to half of the total population of the mountain nyala occurs in the 200 km (77 sq mi) area of Gaysay, in the northern part of the Bale
Mountains National Park. Smaller relict populations occur in
1072:
in the species. The mountain nyala breed throughout the year, but the peak occurs in
December. Prior to and during the breeding season the adult males tend to get associated with mixed sex herds. Bulls continuously follow receptive females and test their
881:) in the mitochondrial tree (phylogenetic relationships obtained using mitochondrial data). However, in the nuclear tree, bushbuck, mountain nyala and sitatunga plus the bongo are three equal branches. Hence the mountain nyala forms a
904:
The coat is grey to brown, marked with two to five poorly defined white strips extending from the back to the underside, and a row of six to ten white spots. White markings are present on the face, throat and legs as well. The white
1211:
species, at an altitude of up to 4,300 m (14,100 ft). In the eastern borders of its range, the mountain nyala has usually been observed to occupy areas at lower altitudes of about 1,800โ2,400 m (5,900โ7,900 ft).
932:, but with the final spiral incomplete. Growth rings are visible on the horn sheaths, but the annual patterns might be difficult to comprehend. Though the horns might wear out with age, the cream colour of the tips persists.
1081:. In these displays the males move very slowly and stiffly, with the crest on the back erect and the tail raised. They are less likely to engage in aggressive fights, which, if they happen, last only for a brief period.
802:, who later on notified Lydekker about the discovery. It was the last large antelope to be discovered in Africa. The spiral horns and white markings on the face and across the flanks established it as a species of
1268:
348:
901:(400โ660 lb) and females weigh 150โ200 kg (330โ440 lb). The bushy tail reaches the heel, and is 20โ25 cm (7.9โ9.8 in) long. The sensitive ears are large and lined with white hair.
1244:, and the western Bale. A study identified an area of 39.38 km (15.20 sq mi) on the southern escarpment of the Bale Mountains as the most sustainable habitat for the mountain nyala.
1299:. Apart from Gaysay about 80 to 120 mountain nyala occur in the rest of the Bale Mountains National Park, and a few hundred occur in the areas in the vicinity of the national park.
1008:
and aquatic plants. Grasses are specially preferred during the early wet season. They pick up fallen leaves and use their horns to reach higher branches. Favoured species include
339:, between 6ยฐN and 10ยฐN. Up to half of the total population of the mountain nyala occurs in the 200 km (77 sq mi) area of Gaysay, in the northern part of the
964:
Four to five individuals may congregate for short intervals of time to form small herds. However, groups containing as many as 100 individuals have been reported from the
1692:
Hassanin, A.; Delsuc, F.; Ropiquet, A.; Hammer, C.; Jansen van Vuuren, B.; Matthee, C.; Ruiz-Garcia, M.; Catzeflis, F.; Areskoug, V.; Nguyen, T.T.; Couloux, A. (2012).
1279:
was established in 1990 was established as a second protected area. But by 1996 the sanctuary had been so severely affected by deforestation, poaching, cultivation and
1601:
Willows-Munro, S.; Robinson, T. J.; Matthee, C. A. (June 2005). "Utility of nuclear DNA intron markers at lower taxonomic levels: Phylogenetic resolution among nine
6787:
315:
The mountain nyala are shy and elusive towards human beings. Four to five individuals may congregate for short intervals of time to form small herds. Males are not
888:
with these three species. The greater kudu clade split from the clade formed by mountain nyala, bongo, sitatunga and bushbuck approximately 8.6 million years ago.
1502:
1000:
Primarily a browser, the mountain nyala may switch to grazing occasionally. It feeds on low-height herbs, bushes, shrubs and general foliage. They might even eat
6852:
1940:
Evangelista, P. H.; Norman, J.; Berhanu, L.; Kumar, S.; Alley, Nathaniel (2008). "Predicting habitat suitability for the endemic mountain nyala in
Ethiopia".
1112:
1694:"Pattern and timing of diversification of Cetartiodactyla (Mammalia, Laurasiatheria), as revealed by a comprehensive analysis of mitochondrial genomes"
988:
their horns. Though usually silent, the mountain nyala may "cough" noticing a potential threat, or utter a low bark if the threat is more serious. The
6949:
6919:
6761:
6800:
2222:
2155:
1924:
1753:
1657:
1468:
1389:
351:(IUCN). Their influence on Ethiopian culture is notable, with the mountain nyala being featured on the obverse of Ethiopian ten cents coins.
319:. Primarily a browser, the mountain nyala may switch to grazing occasionally. Females start mating at two years of age, and males too become
6939:
1315:. The Oromo do not hunt these animals in general, except for a day close to Easter, when all able-bodied men set out on horses for a hunt.
1276:
1147:
in the upper reaches. They often visit the edges of montane grasslands at 2,800โ3,100 m (9,200โ10,200 ft), which is covered with
914:
hind in size and proportions. Female juveniles are a bright rufous, and old females are as grey as young males. Females have two pairs of
6954:
6959:
6934:
1257:
2111:
Refera, B.; Bekele, A. (2004). "Population status and structure of mountain nyala in the Bale
Mountains National Park, Ethiopia".
6826:
93:
327:
lasts for eight to nine months, after which a single calf is born. The lifespan of a mountain nyala is around 15 to 20 years.
6844:
1693:
6805:
2191:
794:
in 1908 by Major Ivor Buxton, after whom the species has been named. Major Buxton, who had returned from a hunting trip in
2574:
762:
Phylogenetic relationships of the mountain nyala from combined analysis of all molecular data (Willows-Munro et.al. 2005)
6929:
3363:
1092:
340:
66:
1509:
6839:
6722:
1196:
830:
245:
113:
1371:
2643:
2215:
253:
6857:
6964:
5620:
2565:
2556:
1830:
1813:
41:
6714:
5407:
1028:
6687:
6944:
6056:
5569:
5449:
3345:
3005:
2486:
1367:
1077:. Three to four males may seek a single female, and, if equally ranked in hierarchy, may engage in circling
6649:
3107:
2813:
2732:
1949:
1252:
1052:
1046:
769:
300:
6727:
6891:
3512:
2741:
2625:
2208:
1520:
1272:
973:
218:
6257:
5287:
1224:
1068:
by that time. Sexual dimorphism, larger home ranges for males, and a female-biased population indicate
1022:
1040:
6924:
6748:
6696:
6564:
6330:
6321:
6266:
5891:
5855:
5828:
5236:
5227:
4672:
4663:
3029:
2888:
2831:
2777:
2120:
1673:
Ropiquet, A. (2006). "Etude des radiations adaptatives au sein des
Antilopinae (Mammalia, Bovidae)".
1614:
1125:
1977:
Mamo, Y.; Bekele, A. (2011). "Human and livestock encroachments into the habitat of
Mountain Nyala (
1954:
6510:
6212:
6203:
5951:
5819:
5792:
5728:
5389:
5269:
5218:
2897:
2804:
2395:
1228:
1220:
1216:
1143:
1069:
1016:
915:
336:
332:
78:
6597:
6588:
5882:
5007:
4733:
4210:
4201:
3920:
3354:
2822:
2634:
2616:
2495:
1441:
1137:
1034:
980:
897:
598:
316:
108:
6896:
5960:
5900:
5864:
5810:
5783:
5774:
5398:
5380:
5314:
6792:
1379:
1308:
tourist curios. The mountain nyala is featured on the obverse of the
Ethiopian ten cents coin.
1115:
at an altitude of 3,000โ3,400 m (9,800โ11,200 ft). The vegetation generally includes
6878:
6735:
6230:
6221:
5909:
5837:
5765:
5596:
5578:
5431:
4381:
3776:
3767:
3619:
3521:
3300:
3267:
3210:
3080:
2607:
2468:
2151:
2033:
1920:
1749:
1715:
1653:
1630:
1464:
1420:
Brown, L. H. (1969). "Observations on the status, habitat and behaviour of the mountain nyala
1395:
1385:
1233:
1116:
1078:
906:
6883:
6701:
6624:
6378:
6369:
6248:
6089:
6080:
5873:
5545:
5536:
5484:
5475:
5323:
5296:
5209:
4989:
4597:
4023:
4014:
4004:
3977:
3698:
3567:
2768:
2759:
2750:
2532:
2523:
2459:
2386:
2377:
2128:
2091:
2023:
2013:
1959:
1888:
1825:
1705:
1622:
1564:
1433:
1082:
874:
773:
523:
304:
235:
55:
6818:
1779:
1582:
Evangelista, P.; Waltermire, R.; Swartzinski, P. (2007). "A profile of the mountain nyala (
6865:
6354:
6345:
6293:
6284:
6065:
4922:
4913:
4390:
3986:
3038:
2948:
2786:
2598:
2477:
2450:
2441:
1533:
1296:
1292:
1065:
320:
2124:
1618:
1103:
6554:
6492:
6122:
6113:
5638:
5587:
5508:
5499:
5440:
5278:
4802:
4793:
4348:
4315:
4297:
3785:
3595:
3470:
3309:
2297:
2269:
2028:
2001:
1568:
1149:
1010:
958:
925:
309:
1339:
6913:
6813:
6179:
6161:
6047:
5984:
5975:
5034:
4769:
4742:
4513:
4423:
4414:
4399:
4264:
4228:
4183:
4120:
4111:
3628:
3586:
3479:
3445:
3435:
3336:
3318:
2981:
2930:
2840:
2404:
2132:
1375:
1348:
1280:
1237:
1175:
1169:
918:
583:
98:
1445:
6740:
6573:
6542:
6432:
6104:
5918:
5846:
5719:
5662:
5653:
5371:
5305:
5067:
5025:
4940:
4751:
4471:
4462:
4324:
4255:
4144:
4135:
3877:
3646:
3327:
3282:
3249:
3020:
2912:
2879:
2795:
1312:
1288:
936:
882:
838:
799:
465:
434:
1548:
6831:
6774:
6681:
6194:
5942:
5104:
5058:
5049:
4998:
4950:
4811:
4653:
4246:
4237:
4065:
3859:
3850:
3840:
3734:
3577:
3387:
3378:
3291:
3134:
3056:
2939:
2864:
2855:
2232:
1626:
1191:
782:
709:
419:
195:
165:
1710:
1437:
5801:
5701:
5526:
5118:
4540:
4522:
4273:
3968:
3953:
3944:
3911:
3688:
3494:
3411:
3402:
3177:
3168:
3047:
2972:
2513:
2334:
2200:
2096:
2075:
1893:
1876:
1201:
984:
344:
296:
17:
6672:
6501:
6422:
6275:
6146:
6137:
5611:
5185:
5176:
5161:
5152:
5016:
4588:
4372:
4306:
4192:
3707:
3503:
3192:
3116:
2996:
2547:
2432:
2422:
2316:
2307:
1919:. Gland, Switzerland: The IUCN Species Survival Commission. pp. 130โ1.
1399:
1267:
The mountain nyala has been classified under the
Endangered category of the
1241:
1185:
1155:
1088:
965:
866:
538:
324:
292:
125:
6468:
2037:
2018:
1719:
1634:
1652:. Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 126, 137.
1091:
lasts for eight to nine months, after which a single calf is born. In the
948:
6870:
6666:
6410:
6038:
5710:
5422:
5260:
5200:
4865:
4564:
4096:
4041:
3929:
3758:
3234:
3225:
3201:
3089:
2963:
2713:
2589:
2285:
2263:
2251:
911:
858:
853:
data were compared. The results showed that the mountain nyala is sister
795:
288:
284:
280:
145:
70:
6766:
6615:
6450:
6311:
6170:
5560:
5347:
5338:
5251:
5137:
5128:
5100:
4856:
4760:
4724:
4639:
4635:
4606:
4531:
4219:
4092:
4053:
3637:
3554:
3460:
2723:
2673:
2368:
1207:
989:
969:
791:
787:
266:
185:
175:
6779:
6709:
6459:
6028:
5933:
5756:
5746:
5362:
4874:
4714:
4696:
4687:
4573:
4495:
4447:
4438:
3896:
3887:
3822:
3813:
3803:
3725:
3258:
3071:
2921:
2257:
2245:
2000:
Bussmann, R.W.; Worede, A.; Swartzinsky, P.; Evangelista, P. (2011).
1001:
929:
834:
806:. Lydekker believed that the species was related more closely to the
155:
135:
6643:
1963:
1269:
International Union for
Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
349:
International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
6483:
6441:
6016:
5686:
5677:
4971:
4898:
4889:
4820:
4549:
4504:
4363:
4288:
4168:
4159:
3670:
3661:
3153:
3144:
2353:
2344:
1384:(3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 697โ698.
1251:
1102:
1074:
947:
885:
854:
846:
807:
685:
252:
244:
1381:
Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
6753:
5629:
4959:
4847:
4829:
4486:
4339:
3743:
3610:
3426:
2700:
2661:
2188:
1131:
1005:
850:
798:, first presented a specimen he had shot to British taxidermist
6647:
6539:
6407:
6013:
5096:
4631:
4088:
3550:
2696:
2282:
2204:
1064:
Females start mating at two years of age, and males too become
6239:
4838:
4784:
3716:
3098:
814:) than to the two kudu species (then placed under the genus
1831:
10.1644/1545-1542(2000)081<0490:DPIEAB>2.0.CO;2
2051:
Woldegebriel, G.K. (1996). "The status of mountain nyala (
1311:
Mountain nyala are hunted by humans, for instance, by the
1111:
The typical habitat for the mountain nyala is composed of
2002:"Plant use in Odo-Bulu and Demaro, Bale region, Ethiopia"
1845:
Hillman, J.C.; Hillman, S.M. (1987). "The mountain nyala
1877:"Conservation in Bale Mountains National Park, Ethiopia"
1107:
The range of mountain nyala is confined within Ethiopia.
826:
led to the merger of the latter into the former genus.
1915:
East, R.; IUCN/SSC Antelope Specialist Group (1999).
1283:, that the populations soon disappeared from there.
1223:, between 6ยฐN and 10ยฐN. Their former range was from
6656:
6614:
6586:
6562:
6553:
6481:
6430:
6421:
6367:
6343:
6319:
6310:
6192:
6159:
6135:
6102:
6078:
6036:
6027:
5973:
5931:
5754:
5745:
5699:
5675:
5651:
5609:
5558:
5534:
5525:
5497:
5473:
5466:
5420:
5360:
5336:
5249:
5198:
5174:
5150:
5126:
5117:
5047:
4948:
4939:
4911:
4887:
4782:
4722:
4713:
4685:
4661:
4652:
4586:
4562:
4484:
4460:
4436:
4412:
4361:
4337:
4286:
4181:
4157:
4133:
4109:
4064:
4052:
4040:
4012:
4003:
3966:
3942:
3909:
3885:
3876:
3848:
3839:
3811:
3802:
3756:
3696:
3687:
3659:
3608:
3575:
3566:
3492:
3458:
3424:
3400:
3376:
3280:
3247:
3223:
3190:
3166:
3142:
3133:
3069:
3018:
2994:
2961:
2910:
2877:
2853:
2721:
2712:
2672:
2660:
2587:
2545:
2521:
2512:
2430:
2421:
2366:
2342:
2333:
2305:
2296:
343:. The mountain nyala has been classified under the
1981:) in the Bale Mountains National Park, Ethiopia".
780:. The species has been classified under the genus
818:). In fact, mountain nyala's similarity to both
1814:"Dietary preferences in extant African Bovidae"
1557:Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London
1291:(Asebe Teferi) and the border between Bale and
2148:2016 Standard Catalog of World Coins 2001-Date
2080:in the Bale Mountains National Park, Ethiopia"
2055:) in Bale Mountains National Park 1986โ1994".
2216:
8:
1503:"The range and status of the mountain nyala"
1338:IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group (2017) .
992:is the main predator of the mountain nyala.
2076:"Demography and dynamics of mountain nyala
2074:Mamo, Y.; Pinard, M.A.; Bekele, A. (2010).
790:. The mountain nyala was first brought to
6644:
6559:
6550:
6536:
6427:
6418:
6404:
6316:
6033:
6024:
6010:
5751:
5531:
5470:
5123:
5114:
5093:
4945:
4719:
4658:
4649:
4628:
4106:
4085:
4009:
3882:
3845:
3808:
3693:
3572:
3563:
3547:
3139:
2718:
2709:
2693:
2518:
2427:
2339:
2302:
2293:
2279:
2223:
2209:
2201:
2150:. Iola: Krause Publications. p. 495.
1870:
1868:
1790:. University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
1739:
1737:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1729:
87:
54:
40:
31:
2095:
2027:
2017:
2006:Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine
1953:
1892:
1829:
1807:
1805:
1709:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1482:
1480:
1271:(IUCN). It has not been listed under the
1463:. USA: Bradt Travel Guides. p. 16.
1910:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1748:. London: Bloomsbury. pp. 159โ62.
1501:Malcolm, J.; Evangelista, P.H. (2005).
1415:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1323:
1853:in the Bale Mountains National Park".
1773:
1771:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1529:
1518:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1195:species. They may even be forced into
1607:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
7:
2175:. Camerapix Publishers. p. 295.
1812:Gagnon, M.; Chew, A. E. (May 2000).
1277:Kuni-Muktar Mountain Nyala Sanctuary
829:In 2005, Sandi Willows-Munro of the
1349:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
576:
569:
562:
516:
509:
502:
480:
458:
412:
405:
398:
391:
384:
377:
370:
363:
1569:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1911.tb01934.x
1258:American Museum of Natural History
1215:Mountain nyala are endemic to the
25:
935:The mountain nyala resembles the
6950:Fauna of the Ethiopian Highlands
6920:IUCN Red List endangered species
2133:10.1111/j.0141-6707.2004.00437.x
1875:Hillman, J. C. (24 April 2009).
776:in 1910. Its scientific name is
295:species (without any identified
112:
2575:Sri Lankan spotted chevrotain (
3364:Central American red brocket (
1917:African Antelope Database 1998
1675:Ph.D. Thesis, Universitรฉ Paris
1648:Groves, C.; Grubb, P. (2011).
896:The mountain nyala is a large
1:
1256:Taxidermied specimens at the
768:The mountain nyala was first
4071:Large subfamily listed below
4059:Large subfamily listed below
4047:Large subfamily listed below
1093:Bale Mountains National Park
976:are observed in both sexes.
341:Bale Mountains National Park
67:Bale Mountains National Park
6940:Fauna of the Horn of Africa
2566:Yellow-striped chevrotain (
2557:Indian spotted chevrotain (
1627:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.01.018
831:University of KwaZulu-Natal
287:in a small part of central
6981:
6955:Endangered biota of Africa
2173:Spectrum guide to Ethiopia
2113:African Journal of Ecology
1711:10.1016/j.crvi.2011.11.002
1547:Lydekker, R. (June 1911).
1438:10.1515/mamm.1969.33.4.545
6960:Mammals described in 1910
6935:Endemic fauna of Ethiopia
6549:
6535:
6502:Dromedary/Arabian camel (
6493:Domestic Bactrian camel (
6417:
6403:
6057:North Sulawesi babirusa (
6023:
6009:
5113:
5092:
4648:
4627:
4105:
4084:
3562:
3546:
3346:Amazonian brown brocket (
2708:
2692:
2679:Large family listed below
2667:Large family listed below
2644:Williamson's mouse-deer (
2292:
2278:
2240:
1894:10.1017/S0030605300026314
707:
683:
596:
581:
574:
567:
560:
536:
521:
514:
507:
500:
485:
478:
463:
456:
432:
417:
410:
403:
396:
389:
382:
375:
368:
224:
217:
109:Scientific classification
107:
85:
76:
62:
53:
48:
39:
34:
4743:Domestic water buffalo (
3108:Central Asian red deer (
2733:Bornean yellow muntjac (
1698:Comptes Rendus Biologies
1549:"On the Mountain Nyala,
1303:Relationship with humans
1248:Threats and conservation
1099:Habitat and distribution
1029:Solanum sessilistellatum
5621:Bates' pygmy antelope (
5408:Soemmerring's gazelle (
3513:Yucatan brown brocket (
2742:Hairy-fronted muntjac (
2626:Philippine mouse-deer (
2171:Balletto, B.L. (1995).
2097:10.1093/czoolo/56.6.660
1085:follows vulva-testing.
283:found in high altitude
6331:White-lipped peccary (
6267:Philippine warty pig (
5892:Yellow-backed duiker (
5856:Black-fronted duiker (
5829:White-bellied duiker (
5450:Przewalski's gazelle (
4673:Four-horned antelope (
3471:Peruvian Yungas pudu (
3030:Visayan spotted deer (
2889:European fallow deer (
2832:Northern red muntjac (
2778:Southern red muntjac (
2019:10.1186/1746-4269-7-28
1528:Cite journal requires
1508:: 1โ43. Archived from
1378:; Reeder, D.M (eds.).
1260:
1108:
1053:Lobelia rhynchopetalum
1047:Helichrysum splendidum
953:
772:by English naturalist
303:by English naturalist
258:
250:
6892:Paleobiology Database
6511:Wild Bactrian camel (
6213:Bornean bearded pig (
6204:Palawan bearded pig (
5793:White-legged duiker (
5219:Red-fronted gazelle (
2898:Persian fallow deer (
2814:Roosevelt's muntjac (
2487:Himalayan musk deer (
2396:Reticulated giraffe (
1356:: e.T22046A115164345.
1273:Washington Convention
1255:
1197:afroalpine grasslands
1106:
1050:and lower foliage of
974:Dominance hierarchies
951:
944:Ecology and behaviour
841:analysis of the nine
256:
248:
6598:Pygmy hippopotamus (
6258:Oliver's warty pig (
5883:Red-flanked duiker (
5288:Erlanger's gazelle (
5008:Harnessed bushbuck (
4734:Wild water buffalo (
4211:East Caucasian tur (
4202:West Caucasian tur (
3355:Little red brocket (
2823:Truong Son muntjac (
2635:Vietnam mouse-deer (
2617:Greater mouse-deer (
2496:Siberian musk deer (
2146:Cuhaj, G.S. (2015).
2078:Tragelaphus buxtoni
1818:Journal of Mammalogy
1788:Animal Diversity Web
1744:Kingdon, J. (2013).
1372:"Order Artiodactyla"
1287:probably survive in
1236:, mountains such as
1135:at lower levels and
1126:Afrocarpus gracilior
1038:leaves. They prefer
1014:(African wormwood),
6930:Mammals of Ethiopia
6715:tragelaphus-buxtoni
6702:Tragelaphus_buxtoni
6688:Tragelaphus buxtoni
6658:Tragelaphus buxtoni
6231:Celebes warty pig (
6222:Visayan warty pig (
5838:Red forest duiker (
5570:Gรผnther's dik-dik (
5432:Mongolian gazelle (
5237:Heuglin's gazelle (
5228:Thomson's gazelle (
4382:Long-tailed goral (
3777:Mountain reedbuck (
3768:Southern reedbuck (
3620:East African oryx (
3522:White-tailed deer (
3301:Small red brocket (
3268:South Andean deer (
3211:Siberian roe deer (
3202:European roe deer (
3039:Philippine sambar (
3006:Pรจre David's deer (
2608:Lesser mouse-deer (
2469:Kashmir musk deer (
2196:Tragelaphus buxtoni
2125:2004AfJEc..42....1R
2053:Tragelaphus buxtoni
1979:Tragelaphus buxtoni
1849:and the Simien fox
1847:Tragelaphus buxtoni
1782:Tragelaphus buxtoni
1619:2005MolPE..35..624W
1584:Tragelaphus buxtoni
1551:Tragelaphus buxtoni
1459:Briggs, P. (2015).
1422:Tragelaphus buxtoni
1342:Tragelaphus buxtoni
1217:Ethiopian Highlands
1144:Hypericum revolutum
1017:Hypericum revolutum
924:Only males possess
778:Tragelaphus buxtoni
333:Ethiopian highlands
331:are endemic to the
272:Tragelaphus buxtoni
228:Tragelaphus buxtoni
79:Conservation status
27:Species of antelope
6379:Collared peccary (
6249:Flores warty pig (
6090:Giant forest hog (
5952:Maxwell's duiker (
5874:Ruwenzori duiker (
5820:Jentink's duiker (
5729:Sharpe's grysbok (
5485:Tibetan antelope (
5390:Bright's gazelle (
5324:Goitered gazelle (
5297:Mountain gazelle (
5270:Cuvier's gazelle (
5210:Mongalla gazelle (
4598:Pyrenean chamois (
4024:Tibetan antelope (
3978:Black wildebeest (
2805:Reeves's muntjac (
2769:Sumatran muntjac (
2760:Gongshan muntjac (
2533:Water chevrotain (
2460:Alpine musk deer (
2387:Southern giraffe (
2378:Northern giraffe (
1261:
1138:Hagenia abyssinica
1109:
1035:Hagenia abyssinica
954:
898:sexually dimorphic
599:Harnessed bushbuck
259:
251:
6907:
6906:
6879:Open Tree of Life
6650:Taxon identifiers
6641:
6640:
6637:
6636:
6633:
6632:
6610:
6609:
6531:
6530:
6527:
6526:
6523:
6522:
6399:
6398:
6395:
6394:
6391:
6390:
6355:Chacoan peccary (
6306:
6305:
6294:Javan warty pig (
6285:Timor warty pig (
6092:H. meinertzhageni
6066:Togian babirusa (
6005:
6004:
6001:
6000:
5997:
5996:
5961:Walter's duiker (
5901:Abbott's duiker (
5865:Ogilby's duiker (
5811:Harvey's duiker (
5775:Brooke's duiker (
5741:
5740:
5521:
5520:
5462:
5461:
5399:Peter's gazelle (
5381:Grant's gazelle (
5315:Speke's gazelle (
5088:
5087:
5084:
5083:
5080:
5079:
4965:
4935:
4934:
4923:African buffalo (
4754:B. depressicornis
4709:
4708:
4623:
4622:
4619:
4618:
4391:Himalayan goral (
4213:C. cylindricornis
4080:
4079:
4076:
4075:
4036:
4035:
3999:
3998:
3987:Blue wildebeest (
3921:Common tsessebe (
3872:
3871:
3835:
3834:
3798:
3797:
3710:K. ellipsiprymnus
3683:
3682:
3542:
3541:
3538:
3537:
3534:
3533:
3482:P. mephistophiles
3438:P. mephistophiles
3129:
3128:
2825:M. truongsonensis
2787:Pu Hoat muntjac (
2688:
2687:
2684:
2683:
2656:
2655:
2599:Java mouse-deer (
2508:
2507:
2478:Black musk deer (
2451:Dwarf musk deer (
2442:Anhui musk deer (
2417:
2416:
2380:G. camelopardalis
2329:
2328:
2157:978-1-4402-4410-0
1942:Wildlife Research
1926:978-2-8317-0477-7
1755:978-1-4081-2257-0
1746:Mammals of Africa
1659:978-1-4214-0093-8
1650:Ungulate Taxonomy
1470:978-1-78477-132-4
1391:978-0-8018-8221-0
1225:Mount Gara Muleta
1121:Juniperus procera
1113:montane woodlands
1023:Kniphofia foliosa
766:
765:
756:
755:
747:
746:
738:
737:
729:
728:
720:
719:
696:
695:
672:
671:
663:
662:
654:
653:
645:
644:
636:
635:
627:
626:
618:
617:
609:
608:
549:
548:
445:
444:
243:
242:
102:
16:(Redirected from
6972:
6965:Bovids of Africa
6900:
6899:
6887:
6886:
6874:
6873:
6861:
6860:
6848:
6847:
6835:
6834:
6822:
6821:
6809:
6808:
6796:
6795:
6783:
6782:
6770:
6769:
6757:
6756:
6744:
6743:
6731:
6730:
6718:
6717:
6705:
6704:
6692:
6691:
6690:
6677:
6676:
6675:
6645:
6560:
6551:
6537:
6428:
6419:
6405:
6317:
6123:Common warthog (
6114:Desert warthog (
6034:
6025:
6011:
5910:Weyns's duiker (
5784:Peters' duiker (
5766:Aders's duiker (
5752:
5639:Royal antelope (
5597:Salt's dik-dik (
5588:Silver dik-dik (
5579:Kirk's dik-dik (
5532:
5509:Saiga antelope (
5471:
5410:N. soemmerringii
5279:Dorcas gazelle (
5124:
5115:
5108:
5094:
4981:Mountain nyala (
4964:
4963:
4955:
4946:
4901:P. nghetinhensis
4803:European bison (
4794:American bison (
4720:
4659:
4650:
4643:
4629:
4505:Domestic sheep (
4349:Himalayan tahr (
4316:Mainland serow (
4298:Japanese serow (
4107:
4100:
4086:
4010:
3883:
3846:
3809:
3786:Bohor reedbuck (
3694:
3673:A. nasomaculatus
3596:Sable antelope (
3573:
3564:
3557:
3548:
3310:Merida brocket (
3140:
3081:Thorold's deer (
2933:A. calamianensis
2816:M. rooseveltorum
2762:M. gongshanensis
2719:
2710:
2703:
2694:
2519:
2428:
2407:G. tippelskirchi
2340:
2303:
2294:
2280:
2225:
2218:
2211:
2202:
2177:
2176:
2168:
2162:
2161:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2048:
2042:
2041:
2031:
2021:
1997:
1991:
1990:
1983:Tropical Ecology
1974:
1968:
1967:
1957:
1937:
1931:
1930:
1912:
1899:
1898:
1896:
1872:
1863:
1862:
1842:
1836:
1835:
1833:
1809:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1775:
1760:
1759:
1741:
1724:
1723:
1713:
1689:
1683:
1682:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1645:
1639:
1638:
1598:
1592:
1591:
1579:
1573:
1572:
1544:
1538:
1537:
1531:
1526:
1524:
1516:
1514:
1507:
1498:
1475:
1474:
1456:
1450:
1449:
1417:
1404:
1403:
1364:
1358:
1357:
1335:
1159:, and evergreen
1041:Alchemilla rotti
837:) carried out a
774:Richard Lydekker
577:
570:
563:
517:
510:
503:
481:
459:
413:
406:
399:
392:
385:
378:
371:
364:
359:
358:
347:category of the
305:Richard Lydekker
230:
117:
116:
96:
91:
90:
58:
44:
32:
21:
6980:
6979:
6975:
6974:
6973:
6971:
6970:
6969:
6910:
6909:
6908:
6903:
6895:
6890:
6882:
6877:
6869:
6866:Observation.org
6864:
6856:
6851:
6843:
6838:
6830:
6825:
6817:
6812:
6804:
6799:
6791:
6786:
6778:
6773:
6765:
6760:
6752:
6747:
6739:
6734:
6726:
6721:
6713:
6708:
6700:
6695:
6686:
6685:
6680:
6671:
6670:
6665:
6652:
6642:
6629:
6606:
6582:
6545:
6519:
6477:
6413:
6387:
6363:
6339:
6302:
6269:S. philippensis
6206:S. ahoenobarbus
6188:
6180:Red river hog (
6155:
6131:
6098:
6074:
6048:Buru babirusa (
6019:
5993:
5985:Common duiker (
5969:
5927:
5737:
5695:
5671:
5647:
5605:
5554:
5517:
5493:
5458:
5443:P. picticaudata
5416:
5356:
5332:
5326:G. subgutturosa
5245:
5194:
5170:
5146:
5109:
5098:
5076:
5043:
5035:Cape bushbuck (
5028:T. strepsiceros
4957:
4956:
4954:
4931:
4907:
4883:
4778:
4770:Mountain anoa (
4705:
4699:B. tragocamelus
4681:
4675:T. quadricornis
4644:
4633:
4615:
4582:
4558:
4514:Bighorn sheep (
4480:
4456:
4432:
4424:Mountain goat (
4408:
4400:Chinese goral (
4357:
4333:
4318:C. sumatraensis
4282:
4265:Siberian ibex (
4229:Domestic goat (
4177:
4153:
4129:
4121:Barbary sheep (
4101:
4090:
4072:
4060:
4048:
4032:
3995:
3962:
3938:
3905:
3868:
3831:
3794:
3752:
3679:
3655:
3629:Scimitar oryx (
3604:
3587:Roan antelope (
3558:
3552:
3530:
3488:
3480:Northern pudu (
3454:
3446:Southern pudu (
3436:Northern pudu (
3420:
3396:
3372:
3337:Pygmy brocket (
3319:Dwarf brocket (
3276:
3243:
3219:
3186:
3162:
3125:
3065:
3014:
2990:
2957:
2931:Calamian deer (
2906:
2900:D. mesopotamica
2873:
2849:
2843:M. vuquangensis
2841:Giant muntjac (
2751:Fea's muntjac (
2704:
2698:
2680:
2668:
2652:
2583:
2541:
2504:
2462:M. chrysogaster
2413:
2405:Masai giraffe (
2362:
2325:
2288:
2274:
2236:
2229:
2185:
2180:
2170:
2169:
2165:
2158:
2145:
2144:
2140:
2110:
2109:
2105:
2084:Current Zoology
2073:
2072:
2068:
2050:
2049:
2045:
1999:
1998:
1994:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1964:10.1071/WR07173
1955:10.1.1.570.6821
1939:
1938:
1934:
1927:
1914:
1913:
1902:
1874:
1873:
1866:
1844:
1843:
1839:
1811:
1810:
1803:
1793:
1791:
1784:Mountain nyala"
1777:
1776:
1763:
1756:
1743:
1742:
1727:
1691:
1690:
1686:
1672:
1671:
1667:
1660:
1647:
1646:
1642:
1600:
1599:
1595:
1581:
1580:
1576:
1546:
1545:
1541:
1527:
1517:
1512:
1505:
1500:
1499:
1478:
1471:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1419:
1418:
1407:
1392:
1366:
1365:
1361:
1337:
1336:
1325:
1321:
1305:
1250:
1227:in the east to
1141:, juniper, and
1117:African juniper
1101:
1066:sexually mature
1062:
998:
946:
894:
757:
748:
739:
730:
721:
697:
673:
664:
655:
646:
637:
628:
619:
610:
550:
446:
357:
321:sexually mature
239:
232:
226:
213:
210:T. buxtoni
111:
103:
92:
88:
81:
64:
35:Mountain nyala
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6978:
6976:
6968:
6967:
6962:
6957:
6952:
6947:
6945:Bale Mountains
6942:
6937:
6932:
6927:
6922:
6912:
6911:
6905:
6904:
6902:
6901:
6888:
6875:
6862:
6849:
6836:
6823:
6810:
6797:
6784:
6771:
6758:
6745:
6732:
6719:
6706:
6693:
6678:
6662:
6660:
6654:
6653:
6648:
6639:
6638:
6635:
6634:
6631:
6630:
6628:
6627:
6620:
6618:
6612:
6611:
6608:
6607:
6605:
6604:
6600:C. liberiensis
6594:
6592:
6584:
6583:
6581:
6580:
6574:Hippopotamus (
6570:
6568:
6557:
6555:Hippopotamidae
6547:
6546:
6540:
6533:
6532:
6529:
6528:
6525:
6524:
6521:
6520:
6518:
6517:
6508:
6504:C. dromedarius
6499:
6489:
6487:
6479:
6478:
6476:
6475:
6466:
6457:
6448:
6438:
6436:
6425:
6415:
6414:
6408:
6401:
6400:
6397:
6396:
6393:
6392:
6389:
6388:
6386:
6385:
6375:
6373:
6365:
6364:
6362:
6361:
6351:
6349:
6341:
6340:
6338:
6337:
6327:
6325:
6314:
6308:
6307:
6304:
6303:
6301:
6300:
6291:
6287:S. timoriensis
6282:
6273:
6264:
6255:
6246:
6240:Domestic pig (
6237:
6228:
6219:
6210:
6200:
6198:
6190:
6189:
6187:
6186:
6177:
6167:
6165:
6157:
6156:
6154:
6153:
6143:
6141:
6133:
6132:
6130:
6129:
6120:
6116:P. aethiopicus
6110:
6108:
6100:
6099:
6097:
6096:
6086:
6084:
6076:
6075:
6073:
6072:
6068:B. togeanensis
6063:
6054:
6044:
6042:
6031:
6021:
6020:
6014:
6007:
6006:
6003:
6002:
5999:
5998:
5995:
5994:
5992:
5991:
5981:
5979:
5971:
5970:
5968:
5967:
5958:
5949:
5939:
5937:
5929:
5928:
5926:
5925:
5919:Zebra duiker (
5916:
5907:
5898:
5894:C. silvicultor
5889:
5880:
5871:
5862:
5853:
5847:Black duiker (
5844:
5835:
5831:C. leucogaster
5826:
5817:
5808:
5799:
5790:
5781:
5772:
5762:
5760:
5749:
5743:
5742:
5739:
5738:
5736:
5735:
5726:
5720:Cape grysbok (
5717:
5707:
5705:
5697:
5696:
5694:
5693:
5683:
5681:
5673:
5672:
5670:
5669:
5663:Klipspringer (
5659:
5657:
5649:
5648:
5646:
5645:
5636:
5627:
5617:
5615:
5607:
5606:
5604:
5603:
5594:
5590:M. piacentinii
5585:
5576:
5566:
5564:
5556:
5555:
5553:
5552:
5542:
5540:
5529:
5523:
5522:
5519:
5518:
5516:
5515:
5505:
5503:
5495:
5494:
5492:
5491:
5481:
5479:
5468:
5464:
5463:
5460:
5459:
5457:
5456:
5452:P. przewalskii
5447:
5438:
5428:
5426:
5418:
5417:
5415:
5414:
5405:
5396:
5387:
5378:
5372:Dama gazelle (
5368:
5366:
5358:
5357:
5355:
5354:
5344:
5342:
5334:
5333:
5331:
5330:
5321:
5312:
5306:Rhim gazelle (
5303:
5294:
5285:
5276:
5267:
5257:
5255:
5247:
5246:
5244:
5243:
5234:
5225:
5216:
5206:
5204:
5196:
5195:
5193:
5192:
5182:
5180:
5172:
5171:
5169:
5168:
5164:A. marsupialis
5158:
5156:
5148:
5147:
5145:
5144:
5134:
5132:
5121:
5111:
5110:
5097:
5090:
5089:
5086:
5085:
5082:
5081:
5078:
5077:
5075:
5074:
5068:Common eland (
5065:
5055:
5053:
5045:
5044:
5042:
5041:
5032:
5026:Greater kudu (
5023:
5014:
5005:
4996:
4987:
4978:
4968:
4966:
4943:
4937:
4936:
4933:
4932:
4930:
4929:
4919:
4917:
4909:
4908:
4906:
4905:
4895:
4893:
4885:
4884:
4882:
4881:
4872:
4863:
4854:
4845:
4839:Domestic yak (
4836:
4827:
4818:
4809:
4800:
4790:
4788:
4780:
4779:
4777:
4776:
4767:
4763:B. mindorensis
4758:
4752:Lowland anoa (
4749:
4740:
4730:
4728:
4717:
4711:
4710:
4707:
4706:
4704:
4703:
4693:
4691:
4683:
4682:
4680:
4679:
4669:
4667:
4656:
4646:
4645:
4632:
4625:
4624:
4621:
4620:
4617:
4616:
4614:
4613:
4604:
4594:
4592:
4584:
4583:
4581:
4580:
4570:
4568:
4560:
4559:
4557:
4556:
4547:
4538:
4529:
4520:
4511:
4502:
4492:
4490:
4482:
4481:
4479:
4478:
4472:Nilgiri tahr (
4468:
4466:
4458:
4457:
4455:
4454:
4444:
4442:
4434:
4433:
4431:
4430:
4420:
4418:
4410:
4409:
4407:
4406:
4397:
4388:
4379:
4369:
4367:
4359:
4358:
4356:
4355:
4345:
4343:
4335:
4334:
4332:
4331:
4325:Taiwan serow (
4322:
4313:
4304:
4294:
4292:
4284:
4283:
4281:
4280:
4271:
4262:
4256:Iberian ibex (
4253:
4244:
4235:
4226:
4217:
4208:
4199:
4189:
4187:
4179:
4178:
4176:
4175:
4165:
4163:
4155:
4154:
4152:
4151:
4145:Arabian tahr (
4141:
4139:
4131:
4130:
4128:
4127:
4117:
4115:
4103:
4102:
4089:
4082:
4081:
4078:
4077:
4074:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4062:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4050:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4038:
4037:
4034:
4033:
4031:
4030:
4020:
4018:
4007:
4001:
4000:
3997:
3996:
3994:
3993:
3984:
3974:
3972:
3964:
3963:
3961:
3960:
3950:
3948:
3940:
3939:
3937:
3936:
3927:
3917:
3915:
3907:
3906:
3904:
3903:
3893:
3891:
3880:
3874:
3873:
3870:
3869:
3867:
3866:
3856:
3854:
3843:
3837:
3836:
3833:
3832:
3830:
3829:
3819:
3817:
3806:
3800:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3792:
3783:
3779:R. fulvorufula
3774:
3764:
3762:
3754:
3753:
3751:
3750:
3741:
3732:
3723:
3714:
3704:
3702:
3691:
3685:
3684:
3681:
3680:
3678:
3677:
3667:
3665:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3653:
3647:Arabian oryx (
3644:
3635:
3626:
3616:
3614:
3606:
3605:
3603:
3602:
3593:
3583:
3581:
3570:
3560:
3559:
3551:
3544:
3543:
3540:
3539:
3536:
3535:
3532:
3531:
3529:
3528:
3524:O. virginianus
3519:
3510:
3500:
3498:
3490:
3489:
3487:
3486:
3477:
3467:
3465:
3456:
3455:
3453:
3452:
3443:
3432:
3430:
3422:
3421:
3419:
3418:
3408:
3406:
3398:
3397:
3395:
3394:
3390:O. bezoarticus
3384:
3382:
3374:
3373:
3371:
3370:
3361:
3352:
3343:
3334:
3330:M. gouazoubira
3328:Gray brocket (
3325:
3316:
3307:
3298:
3288:
3286:
3278:
3277:
3275:
3274:
3265:
3255:
3253:
3245:
3244:
3242:
3241:
3231:
3229:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3217:
3208:
3198:
3196:
3188:
3187:
3185:
3184:
3174:
3172:
3164:
3163:
3161:
3160:
3150:
3148:
3137:
3131:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3123:
3114:
3105:
3096:
3087:
3083:C. albirostris
3077:
3075:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3063:
3054:
3045:
3036:
3026:
3024:
3016:
3015:
3013:
3012:
3002:
3000:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2988:
2979:
2969:
2967:
2959:
2958:
2956:
2955:
2946:
2937:
2928:
2918:
2916:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2904:
2895:
2885:
2883:
2875:
2874:
2872:
2871:
2867:E. cephalophus
2861:
2859:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2847:
2838:
2829:
2820:
2811:
2802:
2796:Leaf muntjac (
2793:
2789:M. puhoatensis
2784:
2775:
2766:
2757:
2748:
2739:
2729:
2727:
2716:
2706:
2705:
2697:
2690:
2689:
2686:
2685:
2682:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2670:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2658:
2657:
2654:
2653:
2651:
2650:
2646:T. williamsoni
2641:
2632:
2623:
2614:
2605:
2595:
2593:
2585:
2584:
2582:
2581:
2572:
2563:
2553:
2551:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2539:
2529:
2527:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2506:
2505:
2503:
2502:
2498:M. moschiferus
2493:
2489:M. leucogaster
2484:
2475:
2466:
2457:
2453:M. berezovskii
2448:
2438:
2436:
2425:
2419:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2411:
2402:
2393:
2384:
2374:
2372:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2360:
2350:
2348:
2337:
2331:
2330:
2327:
2326:
2324:
2323:
2313:
2311:
2300:
2298:Antilocapridae
2290:
2289:
2283:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2272:
2270:Laurasiatheria
2266:
2260:
2254:
2248:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2230:
2228:
2227:
2220:
2213:
2205:
2199:
2198:
2184:
2183:External links
2181:
2179:
2178:
2163:
2156:
2138:
2103:
2066:
2043:
1992:
1969:
1932:
1925:
1900:
1864:
1851:Canis simensis
1837:
1824:(2): 490โ511.
1801:
1761:
1754:
1725:
1684:
1665:
1658:
1640:
1593:
1588:African Indaba
1574:
1539:
1530:|journal=
1515:on 2016-01-28.
1476:
1469:
1451:
1424:in Ethiopia".
1405:
1390:
1359:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1304:
1301:
1249:
1246:
1150:Artemisia afra
1100:
1097:
1061:
1058:
1011:Artemisia afra
997:
994:
979:Males are not
945:
942:
893:
890:
786:of the family
764:
763:
759:
758:
754:
753:
750:
749:
745:
744:
741:
740:
736:
735:
732:
731:
727:
726:
723:
722:
718:
717:
714:
713:
706:
703:
702:
699:
698:
694:
693:
690:
689:
682:
679:
678:
675:
674:
670:
669:
666:
665:
661:
660:
657:
656:
652:
651:
648:
647:
643:
642:
639:
638:
634:
633:
630:
629:
625:
624:
621:
620:
616:
615:
612:
611:
607:
606:
603:
602:
595:
592:
591:
588:
587:
580:
575:
573:
568:
566:
561:
559:
556:
555:
552:
551:
547:
546:
543:
542:
535:
532:
531:
528:
527:
520:
515:
513:
508:
506:
501:
499:
496:
495:
492:
491:
488:Mountain nyala
484:
479:
477:
474:
473:
470:
469:
462:
457:
455:
452:
451:
448:
447:
443:
442:
439:
438:
431:
428:
427:
424:
423:
416:
411:
409:
404:
402:
397:
395:
390:
388:
383:
381:
376:
374:
369:
367:
362:
356:
353:
323:by that time.
263:mountain nyala
241:
240:
233:
222:
221:
215:
214:
207:
205:
201:
200:
193:
189:
188:
183:
179:
178:
173:
169:
168:
163:
159:
158:
153:
149:
148:
143:
139:
138:
133:
129:
128:
123:
119:
118:
105:
104:
86:
83:
82:
77:
74:
73:
60:
59:
51:
50:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
18:Mountain Nyala
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6977:
6966:
6963:
6961:
6958:
6956:
6953:
6951:
6948:
6946:
6943:
6941:
6938:
6936:
6933:
6931:
6928:
6926:
6923:
6921:
6918:
6917:
6915:
6898:
6893:
6889:
6885:
6880:
6876:
6872:
6867:
6863:
6859:
6854:
6850:
6846:
6841:
6837:
6833:
6828:
6824:
6820:
6815:
6811:
6807:
6802:
6798:
6794:
6789:
6785:
6781:
6776:
6772:
6768:
6763:
6759:
6755:
6750:
6746:
6742:
6737:
6733:
6729:
6724:
6720:
6716:
6711:
6707:
6703:
6698:
6694:
6689:
6683:
6679:
6674:
6668:
6664:
6663:
6661:
6659:
6655:
6651:
6646:
6626:
6622:
6621:
6619:
6617:
6613:
6603:
6601:
6596:
6595:
6593:
6591:
6590:
6585:
6579:
6577:
6572:
6571:
6569:
6567:
6566:
6561:
6558:
6556:
6552:
6548:
6544:
6538:
6534:
6516:
6514:
6509:
6507:
6505:
6500:
6498:
6496:
6495:C. bactrianus
6491:
6490:
6488:
6486:
6485:
6480:
6474:
6472:
6467:
6465:
6463:
6458:
6456:
6454:
6449:
6447:
6445:
6440:
6439:
6437:
6435:
6434:
6429:
6426:
6424:
6420:
6416:
6412:
6406:
6402:
6384:
6382:
6377:
6376:
6374:
6372:
6371:
6366:
6360:
6358:
6353:
6352:
6350:
6348:
6347:
6342:
6336:
6334:
6329:
6328:
6326:
6324:
6323:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6309:
6299:
6297:
6296:S. verrucosus
6292:
6290:
6288:
6283:
6281:
6279:
6274:
6272:
6270:
6265:
6263:
6261:
6256:
6254:
6252:
6247:
6245:
6243:
6242:S. domesticus
6238:
6236:
6234:
6233:S. celebensis
6229:
6227:
6225:
6220:
6218:
6216:
6211:
6209:
6207:
6202:
6201:
6199:
6197:
6196:
6191:
6185:
6183:
6178:
6176:
6174:
6169:
6168:
6166:
6164:
6163:
6162:Potamochoerus
6158:
6152:
6150:
6145:
6144:
6142:
6140:
6139:
6134:
6128:
6126:
6121:
6119:
6117:
6112:
6111:
6109:
6107:
6106:
6101:
6095:
6093:
6088:
6087:
6085:
6083:
6082:
6077:
6071:
6069:
6064:
6062:
6060:
6059:B. celebensis
6055:
6053:
6051:
6046:
6045:
6043:
6041:
6040:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6026:
6022:
6018:
6012:
6008:
5990:
5988:
5983:
5982:
5980:
5978:
5977:
5972:
5966:
5964:
5959:
5957:
5955:
5950:
5948:
5946:
5943:Blue duiker (
5941:
5940:
5938:
5936:
5935:
5930:
5924:
5922:
5917:
5915:
5913:
5908:
5906:
5904:
5899:
5897:
5895:
5890:
5888:
5886:
5881:
5879:
5877:
5872:
5870:
5868:
5863:
5861:
5859:
5858:C. nigrifrons
5854:
5852:
5850:
5845:
5843:
5841:
5840:C. natalensis
5836:
5834:
5832:
5827:
5825:
5823:
5818:
5816:
5814:
5809:
5807:
5805:
5800:
5798:
5796:
5791:
5789:
5787:
5786:C. callipygus
5782:
5780:
5778:
5773:
5771:
5769:
5764:
5763:
5761:
5759:
5758:
5753:
5750:
5748:
5744:
5734:
5732:
5727:
5725:
5723:
5718:
5716:
5714:
5713:R. campestris
5709:
5708:
5706:
5704:
5703:
5698:
5692:
5690:
5685:
5684:
5682:
5680:
5679:
5674:
5668:
5666:
5665:O. oreotragus
5661:
5660:
5658:
5656:
5655:
5650:
5644:
5642:
5637:
5635:
5633:
5628:
5626:
5624:
5619:
5618:
5616:
5614:
5613:
5608:
5602:
5600:
5595:
5593:
5591:
5586:
5584:
5582:
5577:
5575:
5573:
5568:
5567:
5565:
5563:
5562:
5557:
5551:
5549:
5544:
5543:
5541:
5539:
5538:
5533:
5530:
5528:
5524:
5514:
5512:
5507:
5506:
5504:
5502:
5501:
5496:
5490:
5488:
5483:
5482:
5480:
5478:
5477:
5472:
5469:
5465:
5455:
5453:
5448:
5446:
5444:
5439:
5437:
5435:
5430:
5429:
5427:
5425:
5424:
5419:
5413:
5411:
5406:
5404:
5402:
5397:
5395:
5393:
5388:
5386:
5384:
5379:
5377:
5375:
5370:
5369:
5367:
5365:
5364:
5359:
5353:
5351:
5346:
5345:
5343:
5341:
5340:
5335:
5329:
5327:
5322:
5320:
5318:
5313:
5311:
5309:
5308:G. leptoceros
5304:
5302:
5300:
5295:
5293:
5291:
5286:
5284:
5282:
5277:
5275:
5273:
5268:
5266:
5264:
5259:
5258:
5256:
5254:
5253:
5248:
5242:
5240:
5235:
5233:
5231:
5226:
5224:
5222:
5217:
5215:
5213:
5212:E. albonotata
5208:
5207:
5205:
5203:
5202:
5197:
5191:
5189:
5188:A. cervicapra
5184:
5183:
5181:
5179:
5178:
5173:
5167:
5165:
5160:
5159:
5157:
5155:
5154:
5149:
5143:
5141:
5136:
5135:
5133:
5131:
5130:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5116:
5112:
5106:
5102:
5095:
5091:
5073:
5071:
5066:
5064:
5062:
5059:Giant eland (
5057:
5056:
5054:
5052:
5051:
5046:
5040:
5038:
5037:T. sylvaticus
5033:
5031:
5029:
5024:
5022:
5020:
5015:
5013:
5011:
5006:
5004:
5002:
4999:Lesser kudu (
4997:
4995:
4993:
4988:
4986:
4984:
4979:
4977:
4975:
4970:
4969:
4967:
4961:
4953:
4952:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4938:
4928:
4926:
4921:
4920:
4918:
4916:
4915:
4910:
4904:
4902:
4897:
4896:
4894:
4892:
4891:
4886:
4880:
4878:
4873:
4871:
4869:
4864:
4862:
4860:
4855:
4853:
4851:
4846:
4844:
4842:
4837:
4835:
4833:
4828:
4826:
4824:
4819:
4817:
4815:
4814:B. domesticus
4812:Bali cattle (
4810:
4808:
4806:
4801:
4799:
4797:
4792:
4791:
4789:
4787:
4786:
4781:
4775:
4773:
4768:
4766:
4764:
4759:
4757:
4755:
4750:
4748:
4746:
4741:
4739:
4737:
4732:
4731:
4729:
4727:
4726:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4712:
4702:
4700:
4695:
4694:
4692:
4690:
4689:
4684:
4678:
4676:
4671:
4670:
4668:
4666:
4665:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4651:
4647:
4641:
4637:
4630:
4626:
4612:
4610:
4605:
4603:
4601:
4596:
4595:
4593:
4591:
4590:
4585:
4579:
4577:
4572:
4571:
4569:
4567:
4566:
4561:
4555:
4553:
4548:
4546:
4544:
4539:
4537:
4535:
4530:
4528:
4526:
4521:
4519:
4517:
4516:O. canadensis
4512:
4510:
4508:
4503:
4501:
4499:
4494:
4493:
4491:
4489:
4488:
4483:
4477:
4475:
4470:
4469:
4467:
4465:
4464:
4463:Nilgiritragus
4459:
4453:
4451:
4446:
4445:
4443:
4441:
4440:
4435:
4429:
4427:
4426:O. americanus
4422:
4421:
4419:
4417:
4416:
4411:
4405:
4403:
4398:
4396:
4394:
4389:
4387:
4385:
4380:
4378:
4376:
4371:
4370:
4368:
4366:
4365:
4360:
4354:
4352:
4351:H. jemlahicus
4347:
4346:
4344:
4342:
4341:
4336:
4330:
4328:
4323:
4321:
4319:
4314:
4312:
4310:
4305:
4303:
4301:
4296:
4295:
4293:
4291:
4290:
4285:
4279:
4277:
4272:
4270:
4268:
4263:
4261:
4259:
4254:
4252:
4250:
4247:Nubian ibex (
4245:
4243:
4241:
4238:Alpine ibex (
4236:
4234:
4232:
4227:
4225:
4223:
4218:
4216:
4214:
4209:
4207:
4205:
4200:
4198:
4196:
4191:
4190:
4188:
4186:
4185:
4180:
4174:
4172:
4167:
4166:
4164:
4162:
4161:
4156:
4150:
4148:
4143:
4142:
4140:
4138:
4137:
4132:
4126:
4124:
4119:
4118:
4116:
4114:
4113:
4108:
4104:
4098:
4094:
4087:
4083:
4069:
4067:
4063:
4057:
4055:
4051:
4045:
4043:
4039:
4029:
4027:
4022:
4021:
4019:
4017:
4016:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4005:Pantholopinae
4002:
3992:
3990:
3985:
3983:
3981:
3976:
3975:
3973:
3971:
3970:
3965:
3959:
3957:
3956:A. buselaphus
3952:
3951:
3949:
3947:
3946:
3941:
3935:
3933:
3928:
3926:
3924:
3919:
3918:
3916:
3914:
3913:
3908:
3902:
3900:
3895:
3894:
3892:
3890:
3889:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3875:
3865:
3863:
3860:Grey rhebok (
3858:
3857:
3855:
3853:
3852:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3838:
3828:
3826:
3821:
3820:
3818:
3816:
3815:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3804:Aepycerotinae
3801:
3791:
3789:
3784:
3782:
3780:
3775:
3773:
3771:
3766:
3765:
3763:
3761:
3760:
3755:
3749:
3747:
3742:
3740:
3738:
3735:Nile lechwe (
3733:
3731:
3729:
3724:
3722:
3720:
3715:
3713:
3711:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3701:
3700:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3686:
3676:
3674:
3669:
3668:
3666:
3664:
3663:
3658:
3652:
3650:
3645:
3643:
3641:
3636:
3634:
3632:
3627:
3625:
3623:
3618:
3617:
3615:
3613:
3612:
3607:
3601:
3599:
3594:
3592:
3590:
3585:
3584:
3582:
3580:
3579:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3568:Hippotraginae
3565:
3561:
3556:
3549:
3545:
3527:
3525:
3520:
3518:
3516:
3511:
3509:
3507:
3502:
3501:
3499:
3497:
3496:
3491:
3485:
3483:
3478:
3476:
3474:
3469:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3462:
3457:
3451:
3449:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3434:
3433:
3431:
3429:
3428:
3423:
3417:
3415:
3414:B. dichotomus
3410:
3409:
3407:
3405:
3404:
3399:
3393:
3391:
3388:Pampas deer (
3386:
3385:
3383:
3381:
3380:
3375:
3369:
3367:
3362:
3360:
3358:
3353:
3351:
3349:
3348:M. nemorivaga
3344:
3342:
3340:
3335:
3333:
3331:
3326:
3324:
3322:
3317:
3315:
3313:
3308:
3306:
3304:
3299:
3297:
3295:
3292:Red brocket (
3290:
3289:
3287:
3285:
3284:
3279:
3273:
3271:
3266:
3264:
3262:
3261:H. antisensis
3257:
3256:
3254:
3252:
3251:
3246:
3240:
3238:
3233:
3232:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3222:
3216:
3214:
3209:
3207:
3205:
3200:
3199:
3197:
3195:
3194:
3189:
3183:
3181:
3176:
3175:
3173:
3171:
3170:
3165:
3159:
3157:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3132:
3122:
3120:
3115:
3113:
3111:
3106:
3104:
3102:
3101:C. canadensis
3097:
3095:
3093:
3088:
3086:
3084:
3079:
3078:
3076:
3074:
3073:
3068:
3062:
3060:
3055:
3053:
3051:
3050:R. timorensis
3046:
3044:
3042:
3037:
3035:
3033:
3028:
3027:
3025:
3023:
3022:
3017:
3011:
3009:
3008:E. davidianus
3004:
3003:
3001:
2999:
2998:
2993:
2987:
2985:
2980:
2978:
2976:
2975:R. duvaucelii
2971:
2970:
2968:
2966:
2965:
2960:
2954:
2952:
2947:
2945:
2943:
2940:Bawean deer (
2938:
2936:
2934:
2929:
2927:
2925:
2920:
2919:
2917:
2915:
2914:
2909:
2903:
2901:
2896:
2894:
2892:
2887:
2886:
2884:
2882:
2881:
2876:
2870:
2868:
2865:Tufted deer (
2863:
2862:
2860:
2858:
2857:
2852:
2846:
2844:
2839:
2837:
2835:
2830:
2828:
2826:
2821:
2819:
2817:
2812:
2810:
2808:
2803:
2801:
2799:
2798:M. putaoensis
2794:
2792:
2790:
2785:
2783:
2781:
2776:
2774:
2772:
2767:
2765:
2763:
2758:
2756:
2754:
2749:
2747:
2745:
2744:M. crinifrons
2740:
2738:
2736:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2711:
2707:
2702:
2695:
2691:
2677:
2675:
2671:
2665:
2663:
2659:
2649:
2647:
2642:
2640:
2638:
2637:T. versicolor
2633:
2631:
2629:
2624:
2622:
2620:
2615:
2613:
2611:
2606:
2604:
2602:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2592:
2591:
2586:
2580:
2578:
2573:
2571:
2569:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2550:
2549:
2544:
2538:
2536:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2525:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2511:
2501:
2499:
2494:
2492:
2490:
2485:
2483:
2481:
2476:
2474:
2472:
2467:
2465:
2463:
2458:
2456:
2454:
2449:
2447:
2445:
2444:M. anhuiensis
2440:
2439:
2437:
2435:
2434:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2420:
2410:
2408:
2403:
2401:
2399:
2398:G. reticulata
2394:
2392:
2390:
2385:
2383:
2381:
2376:
2375:
2373:
2371:
2370:
2365:
2359:
2357:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2347:
2346:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2332:
2322:
2320:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2310:
2309:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2281:
2277:
2271:
2267:
2265:
2261:
2259:
2255:
2253:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2242:
2239:
2234:
2226:
2221:
2219:
2214:
2212:
2207:
2206:
2203:
2197:
2193:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2182:
2174:
2167:
2164:
2159:
2153:
2149:
2142:
2139:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2107:
2104:
2098:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2079:
2070:
2067:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2047:
2044:
2039:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1996:
1993:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1973:
1970:
1965:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1948:(5): 409โ16.
1947:
1943:
1936:
1933:
1928:
1922:
1918:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1901:
1895:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1871:
1869:
1865:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1841:
1838:
1832:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1808:
1806:
1802:
1789:
1785:
1783:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1762:
1757:
1751:
1747:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1726:
1721:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1688:
1685:
1680:
1676:
1669:
1666:
1661:
1655:
1651:
1644:
1641:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1613:(3): 624โ36.
1612:
1608:
1604:
1597:
1594:
1589:
1585:
1578:
1575:
1570:
1566:
1563:(2): 348โ53.
1562:
1558:
1554:
1552:
1543:
1540:
1535:
1522:
1511:
1504:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1477:
1472:
1466:
1462:
1455:
1452:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1432:(4): 545โ97.
1431:
1427:
1423:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1410:
1406:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1387:
1383:
1382:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1363:
1360:
1355:
1351:
1350:
1345:
1343:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1324:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1309:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1284:
1282:
1281:gully erosion
1278:
1274:
1270:
1265:
1259:
1254:
1247:
1245:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1204:
1203:
1198:
1194:
1193:
1188:
1187:
1182:
1178:
1177:
1176:Erica trimera
1172:
1171:
1170:Erica arborea
1164:
1162:
1158:
1157:
1152:
1151:
1146:
1145:
1140:
1139:
1134:
1133:
1128:
1127:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1105:
1098:
1096:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1071:
1067:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1054:
1049:
1048:
1043:
1042:
1037:
1036:
1031:
1030:
1025:
1024:
1019:
1018:
1013:
1012:
1007:
1003:
995:
993:
991:
986:
982:
977:
975:
971:
967:
962:
960:
950:
943:
941:
938:
933:
931:
927:
922:
920:
917:
913:
908:
902:
899:
891:
889:
887:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
839:mitochondrial
836:
832:
827:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
784:
779:
775:
771:
761:
760:
752:
751:
743:
742:
734:
733:
725:
724:
716:
715:
712:
711:
705:
704:
701:
700:
692:
691:
688:
687:
681:
680:
677:
676:
668:
667:
659:
658:
650:
649:
641:
640:
632:
631:
623:
622:
614:
613:
605:
604:
601:
600:
594:
593:
590:
589:
586:
585:
584:Cape bushbuck
579:
578:
572:
571:
565:
564:
558:
557:
554:
553:
545:
544:
541:
540:
534:
533:
530:
529:
526:
525:
519:
518:
512:
511:
505:
504:
498:
497:
494:
493:
490:
489:
483:
482:
476:
475:
472:
471:
468:
467:
461:
460:
454:
453:
450:
449:
441:
440:
437:
436:
430:
429:
426:
425:
422:
421:
415:
414:
408:
407:
401:
400:
394:
393:
387:
386:
380:
379:
373:
372:
366:
365:
361:
360:
354:
352:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
328:
326:
322:
318:
313:
311:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
279:, is a large
278:
274:
273:
269:: แจแฐแซแซ แแฎแ) (
268:
264:
255:
247:
237:
231:
229:
223:
220:
219:Binomial name
216:
212:
211:
206:
203:
202:
199:
198:
194:
191:
190:
187:
184:
181:
180:
177:
174:
171:
170:
167:
164:
161:
160:
157:
154:
151:
150:
147:
144:
141:
140:
137:
134:
131:
130:
127:
124:
121:
120:
115:
110:
106:
100:
95:
84:
80:
75:
72:
68:
61:
57:
52:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
6657:
6599:
6587:
6576:H. amphibius
6575:
6565:Hippopotamus
6563:
6543:Whippomorpha
6512:
6503:
6494:
6482:
6470:
6461:
6452:
6443:
6431:
6380:
6368:
6356:
6344:
6332:
6320:
6295:
6286:
6277:
6268:
6259:
6250:
6241:
6232:
6224:S. cebifrons
6223:
6214:
6205:
6193:
6181:
6172:
6160:
6148:
6136:
6125:P. africanus
6124:
6115:
6105:Phacochoerus
6103:
6091:
6079:
6067:
6058:
6050:B. babyrussa
6049:
6037:
5986:
5974:
5962:
5954:P. maxwellii
5953:
5945:P. monticola
5944:
5932:
5920:
5911:
5902:
5893:
5885:C. rufilatus
5884:
5875:
5866:
5857:
5848:
5839:
5830:
5821:
5812:
5803:
5802:Bay duiker (
5795:C. crusalbum
5794:
5785:
5776:
5767:
5755:
5747:Cephalophini
5730:
5722:R. melanotis
5721:
5712:
5700:
5688:
5676:
5664:
5652:
5640:
5632:N. moschatus
5631:
5622:
5610:
5598:
5589:
5580:
5572:M. guentheri
5571:
5559:
5548:D. megalotis
5547:
5535:
5510:
5498:
5487:P. hodgsonii
5486:
5474:
5451:
5442:
5434:P. gutturosa
5433:
5421:
5409:
5400:
5391:
5382:
5373:
5361:
5349:
5337:
5325:
5316:
5307:
5298:
5290:G. erlangeri
5289:
5280:
5271:
5263:G. bennettii
5262:
5250:
5238:
5230:E. thomsonii
5229:
5221:E. rufifrons
5220:
5211:
5199:
5187:
5175:
5163:
5151:
5139:
5127:
5069:
5061:T. derbianus
5060:
5048:
5036:
5027:
5018:
5009:
5000:
4992:T. eurycerus
4991:
4982:
4980:
4973:
4949:
4941:Tragelaphini
4924:
4912:
4900:
4888:
4876:
4867:
4859:B. javanicus
4858:
4849:
4841:B. grunniens
4840:
4831:
4823:B. frontalis
4822:
4813:
4804:
4795:
4783:
4771:
4762:
4753:
4744:
4735:
4723:
4698:
4686:
4674:
4662:
4609:R. rupicapra
4608:
4600:R. pyrenaica
4599:
4587:
4575:
4563:
4551:
4542:
4541:Snow sheep (
4533:
4524:
4523:Dall sheep (
4515:
4506:
4497:
4485:
4474:N. hylocrius
4473:
4461:
4450:O. moschatus
4449:
4437:
4425:
4413:
4401:
4392:
4383:
4374:
4362:
4350:
4338:
4326:
4317:
4308:
4299:
4287:
4275:
4274:Walia ibex (
4266:
4258:C. pyrenaica
4257:
4248:
4239:
4230:
4222:C. falconeri
4221:
4212:
4203:
4194:
4182:
4171:B. taxicolor
4170:
4158:
4146:
4134:
4122:
4110:
4026:P. hodgsonii
4025:
4013:
3988:
3979:
3969:Connochaetes
3967:
3955:
3954:Hartebeest (
3943:
3931:
3922:
3910:
3898:
3886:
3878:Alcelaphinae
3862:P. capreolus
3861:
3849:
3824:
3812:
3787:
3778:
3770:R. arundinum
3769:
3757:
3745:
3737:K. megaceros
3736:
3727:
3718:
3709:
3697:
3672:
3660:
3648:
3639:
3630:
3621:
3609:
3597:
3588:
3576:
3523:
3514:
3505:
3493:
3481:
3472:
3459:
3447:
3437:
3425:
3413:
3412:Marsh deer (
3401:
3389:
3377:
3365:
3356:
3347:
3338:
3329:
3320:
3311:
3302:
3294:M. americana
3293:
3281:
3269:
3260:
3250:Hippocamelus
3248:
3236:
3224:
3212:
3204:C. capreolus
3203:
3191:
3179:
3178:Water deer (
3167:
3155:
3143:
3118:
3109:
3100:
3091:
3082:
3070:
3058:
3049:
3041:R. mariannus
3040:
3031:
3019:
3007:
2995:
2983:
2982:Eld's deer (
2974:
2973:Barasingha (
2962:
2950:
2941:
2932:
2923:
2911:
2899:
2890:
2878:
2866:
2854:
2842:
2834:M. vaginalis
2833:
2824:
2815:
2806:
2797:
2788:
2779:
2770:
2761:
2752:
2743:
2735:M. atherodes
2734:
2722:
2645:
2636:
2628:T. nigricans
2627:
2618:
2609:
2601:T. javanicus
2600:
2588:
2576:
2567:
2558:
2546:
2535:H. aquaticus
2534:
2522:
2497:
2488:
2479:
2470:
2461:
2452:
2443:
2431:
2406:
2397:
2388:
2379:
2367:
2356:O. johnstoni
2355:
2343:
2319:A. americana
2318:
2306:
2268:Superorder:
2262:Infraclass:
2233:Artiodactyla
2195:
2172:
2166:
2147:
2141:
2116:
2112:
2106:
2090:(6): 660โ9.
2087:
2083:
2077:
2069:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2046:
2009:
2005:
1995:
1989:(3): 265โ73.
1986:
1982:
1978:
1972:
1945:
1941:
1935:
1916:
1887:(2): 89โ94.
1884:
1880:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1840:
1821:
1817:
1792:. Retrieved
1787:
1781:
1745:
1704:(1): 32โ50.
1701:
1697:
1687:
1678:
1674:
1668:
1649:
1643:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1596:
1587:
1583:
1577:
1560:
1556:
1550:
1542:
1521:cite journal
1510:the original
1460:
1454:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1380:
1376:Wilson, D.E.
1362:
1353:
1347:
1341:
1313:Oromo people
1310:
1306:
1285:
1266:
1262:
1219:east of the
1214:
1206:
1200:
1190:
1184:
1180:
1174:
1168:
1165:
1160:
1154:
1148:
1142:
1136:
1130:
1124:
1120:
1110:
1087:
1063:
1060:Reproduction
1051:
1045:
1039:
1033:
1027:
1021:
1015:
1009:
999:
978:
963:
955:
952:A small herd
937:greater kudu
934:
923:
903:
895:
883:monophyletic
879:T. eurycerus
878:
870:
862:
842:
828:
824:Strepsiceros
823:
819:
816:Strepsiceros
815:
811:
803:
800:Rowland Ward
781:
777:
767:
708:
684:
597:
582:
537:
522:
487:
486:
466:Greater kudu
464:
435:Common eland
433:
418:
335:east of the
329:
314:
276:
271:
270:
262:
260:
227:
225:
209:
208:
196:
166:Artiodactyla
29:
6925:Tragelaphus
6775:iNaturalist
6682:Wikispecies
6453:L. guanicoe
6312:Tayassuidae
6276:Wild boar (
6215:S. barbatus
6173:P. larvatus
6149:P. salvania
6147:Pygmy hog (
6081:Hylochoerus
5934:Philantomba
5822:C. jentinki
5804:C. dorsalis
5757:Cephalophus
5641:N. pygmaeus
5599:M. saltiana
5537:Dorcatragus
5511:S. tatarica
5401:N. petersii
5339:Litocranius
5239:E. tilonura
5186:Blackbuck (
5162:Springbok (
5105:Antilopinae
5103:(subfamily
5050:Taurotragus
5017:Sitatunga (
5010:T. scriptus
5001:T. imberbis
4958:(including
4951:Tragelaphus
4772:B. quarlesi
4654:Boselaphini
4638:(subfamily
4543:O. nivicola
4384:N. caudatus
4373:Red goral (
4364:Naemorhedus
4327:C. swinhoei
4307:Red serow (
4289:Capricornis
4267:C. sibirica
4204:C. caucasia
4195:C. aegagrus
4193:Wild goat (
4147:A. jayakari
4136:Arabitragus
4095:(subfamily
4066:Antilopinae
3989:C. taurinus
3932:D. pygargus
3825:A. melampus
3746:K. vardonii
3708:Waterbuck (
3649:O. leucoryx
3578:Hippotragus
3506:O. hemionus
3504:Mule deer (
3403:Blastocerus
3312:M. bricenii
3270:H. bisulcus
3237:R. tarandus
3213:C. pygargus
3135:Capreolinae
3117:Sika deer (
3059:R. unicolor
3048:Rusa deer (
2951:A. porcinus
2771:M. montanus
2568:M. kathygre
2317:Pronghorn (
2308:Antilocapra
1778:Aleman, M.
1603:Tragelaphus
1295:, south of
1221:Rift Valley
1199:containing
1192:Helichrysum
985:home ranges
983:, and have
981:territorial
892:Description
863:T. scriptus
843:Tragelaphus
820:Tragelaphus
804:Tragelaphus
783:Tragelaphus
710:Lesser kudu
420:Giant eland
337:Rift Valley
317:territorial
197:Tragelaphus
182:Subfamily:
6914:Categories
6589:Choeropsis
6471:L. vicugna
6357:C. wagneri
6260:S. oliveri
6251:S. heureni
5987:S. grimmia
5976:Sylvicapra
5963:P. walteri
5876:C. rubidis
5867:C. ogilbyi
5813:C. harveyi
5777:C. brookei
5731:R. sharpei
5711:Steenbok (
5702:Raphicerus
5654:Oreotragus
5527:Neotragini
5476:Pantholops
5392:N. notatus
5350:L. walleri
5299:G. gazella
5272:G. cuvieri
5261:Chinkara (
5153:Antidorcas
5140:A. clarkei
5129:Ammodorcas
5119:Antilopini
5019:T. spekeii
4983:T. buxtoni
4974:T. angasii
4866:Wild yak (
4850:B. indicus
4805:B. bonasus
4745:B. bubalis
4688:Boselaphus
4664:Tetracerus
4534:O. gmelini
4402:N. griseus
4375:N. baileyi
4340:Hemitragus
4309:C. rubidus
4300:C. crispus
4249:C. nubiana
4112:Ammotragus
4015:Pantholops
3945:Alcelaphus
3930:Bontebok (
3923:D. lunatus
3912:Damaliscus
3899:B. hunteri
3788:R. redunca
3689:Reduncinae
3640:O. gazella
3589:H. equinus
3515:O. pandora
3495:Odocoileus
3379:Ozotoceros
3235:Reindeer (
3180:H. inermis
3169:Hydropotes
3092:C. elaphus
3090:Red deer (
3032:R. alfredi
2949:Hog deer (
2807:M. reevesi
2780:M. muntjak
2610:T. kanchil
2577:M. meminna
2524:Hyemoschus
2514:Tragulidae
2471:M. cupreus
2389:G. giraffa
2335:Giraffidae
2286:Ruminantia
2119:(1): 1โ7.
1794:21 January
1319:References
1229:Shashamene
1202:Alchemilla
959:ericaceous
812:T. angasii
345:Endangered
297:subspecies
291:. It is a
257:young male
94:Endangered
6541:Suborder
6451:Guanaco (
6423:Camelidae
6409:Suborder
6381:D. tajacu
6370:Dicotyles
6346:Catagonus
6333:T. pecari
6278:S. scrofa
6182:P. porcus
6171:Bushpig (
6039:Babyrousa
6015:Suborder
5912:C. weynsi
5903:C. spadix
5768:C. adersi
5689:O. ourebi
5623:N. batesi
5612:Neotragus
5581:M. kirkii
5383:N. granti
5348:Gerenuk (
5317:G. spekei
5281:G. dorcas
5138:Dibatag (
4925:S. caffer
4890:Pseudoryx
4877:B. taurus
4857:Banteng (
4832:B. gaurus
4761:Tamaraw (
4607:Chamois (
4589:Rupicapra
4576:P. nayaur
4552:O. vignei
4532:Mouflon (
4231:C. hircus
4220:Markhor (
4123:A. lervia
3888:Beatragus
3814:Aepyceros
3638:Gemsbok (
3631:O. dammah
3473:P. carlae
3366:M. temama
3357:M. rufina
3321:M. chunyi
3303:M. bororo
3193:Capreolus
3119:C. nippon
3110:C. hanglu
2997:Elaphurus
2942:A. kuhlii
2856:Elaphodus
2724:Muntiacus
2559:M. indica
2548:Moschiola
2480:M. fuscus
2423:Moschidae
2284:Suborder
2244:Kingdom:
2012:(1): 28.
1950:CiteSeerX
1368:Grubb, P.
1242:Arsi Zone
1186:Euphorbia
1181:Hypericum
1163:species.
1161:Hypericum
1156:Kniphofia
1089:Gestation
966:Bale Zone
871:T. spekii
867:sitatunga
845:species.
770:described
539:Sitatunga
325:Gestation
301:described
293:monotypic
285:woodlands
204:Species:
132:Kingdom:
126:Eukaryota
6845:14200728
6793:10989214
6667:Wikidata
6513:C. ferus
6469:Vicuรฑa (
6462:L. pacos
6460:Alpaca (
6444:L. glama
6411:Tylopoda
5921:C. zebra
5849:C. niger
5423:Procapra
5201:Eudorcas
5177:Antilope
4914:Syncerus
4875:Cattle (
4868:B. mutus
4796:B. bison
4736:B. arnee
4697:Nilgai (
4574:Bharal (
4565:Pseudois
4525:O. dalli
4507:O. aries
4498:O. ammon
4496:Argali (
4448:Muskox (
4415:Oreamnos
4393:N. goral
4276:C. walie
4160:Budorcas
4097:Caprinae
4042:Caprinae
3897:Hirola (
3841:Peleinae
3823:Impala (
3728:K. leche
3726:Lechwe (
3622:O. beisa
3598:H. niger
3259:Taruca (
3226:Rangifer
3156:A. alces
3057:Sambar (
2984:R. eldii
2964:Rucervus
2922:Chital (
2714:Cervinae
2701:Cervidae
2662:Cervidae
2590:Tragulus
2264:Eutheria
2258:Mammalia
2252:Chordata
2250:Phylum:
2246:Animalia
2063:: 27โ37.
2038:21943288
1720:22226162
1681:(1โ247).
1635:15878131
1461:Ethiopia
1446:84219997
1426:Mammalia
1400:62265494
1370:(2005).
1234:Chercher
1079:displays
1070:polygyny
916:inguinal
912:red deer
859:bushbuck
796:Ethiopia
355:Taxonomy
299:) first
289:Ethiopia
281:antelope
249:juvenile
236:Lydekker
172:Family:
156:Mammalia
146:Chordata
142:Phylum:
136:Animalia
122:Domain:
99:IUCN 3.1
71:Ethiopia
6832:1006276
6767:5220178
6754:1038787
6673:Q255576
6625:Cetacea
6616:Cetacea
6484:Camelus
6442:Llama (
6322:Tayassu
6138:Porcula
5687:Oribi (
5678:Ourebia
5561:Madoqua
5546:Beira (
5467:Saigini
5374:N. dama
5252:Gazella
5101:Bovidae
5099:Family
5070:T. oryx
4990:Bongo (
4972:Nyala (
4899:Saola (
4821:Gayal (
4725:Bubalus
4640:Bovinae
4636:Bovidae
4634:Family
4550:Urial (
4240:C. ibex
4169:Takin (
4093:Bovidae
4091:Family
4054:Bovinae
3980:C. gnou
3759:Redunca
3671:Addax (
3555:Bovidae
3553:Family
3461:Pudella
3448:P. pudu
3339:M. nana
3154:Moose (
2924:A. axis
2891:D. dama
2753:M. feae
2699:Family
2674:Bovidae
2619:T. napu
2433:Moschus
2369:Giraffa
2354:Okapi (
2256:Class:
2235:species
2231:Extant
2121:Bibcode
2029:3196683
1615:Bibcode
1590:: 1โ47.
1238:Chilalo
1208:Festuca
1083:Flehmen
1002:lichens
990:leopard
970:oestrus
961:heath.
919:nipples
907:chevron
792:England
788:Bovidae
267:Amharic
238:, 1910)
192:Genus:
186:Bovinae
176:Bovidae
162:Order:
152:Class:
97: (
6897:149706
6884:401061
6806:625129
6728:914594
6710:ARKive
6029:Suidae
5630:Suni (
5363:Nanger
4848:Zebu (
4830:Gaur (
4715:Bovini
4439:Ovibos
3744:Puku (
3719:K. kob
3283:Mazama
3072:Cervus
2345:Okapia
2154:
2036:
2026:
1952:
1923:
1861:: 3โ6.
1752:
1718:
1656:
1633:
1605:spp".
1467:
1444:
1398:
1388:
1297:Kofele
1293:Sidamo
1189:, and
1129:, and
1075:vulvas
930:impala
873:) and
835:Durban
277:balbok
63:Female
6871:88119
6858:69296
6819:22046
6788:IRMNG
6780:42343
6741:57VQP
6017:Suina
5500:Saiga
5441:Goa (
4960:kudus
4184:Capra
3851:Pelea
3717:Kob (
3699:Kobus
3662:Addax
3145:Alces
3099:Elk (
2192:entry
2057:Walia
1855:Walia
1513:(PDF)
1506:(PDF)
1442:S2CID
1374:. In
1289:Chiro
1006:ferns
926:horns
886:clade
875:bongo
855:taxon
847:mtDNA
808:nyala
686:Nyala
524:Bongo
310:horns
275:) or
65:both
49:Male
6853:NCBI
6814:IUCN
6801:ITIS
6762:GBIF
6723:BOLD
6623:see
6433:Lama
4487:Ovis
3611:Oryx
3427:Pudu
3021:Rusa
2913:Axis
2880:Dama
2189:ITIS
2152:ISBN
2034:PMID
1921:ISBN
1881:Oryx
1796:2016
1750:ISBN
1716:PMID
1654:ISBN
1631:PMID
1586:)".
1534:help
1465:ISBN
1396:OCLC
1386:ISBN
1354:2016
1205:and
1132:Olea
1032:and
996:Diet
851:nDNA
849:and
822:and
261:The
6840:MSW
6827:MDD
6749:EoL
6736:CoL
6697:ADW
6195:Sus
4785:Bos
2194:on
2129:doi
2092:doi
2024:PMC
2014:doi
1960:doi
1889:doi
1826:doi
1706:doi
1702:335
1623:doi
1565:doi
1434:doi
1240:in
1123:),
865:),
857:to
6916::
6894::
6881::
6868::
6855::
6842::
6829::
6816::
6803::
6790::
6777::
6764::
6751::
6738::
6725::
6712::
6699::
6684::
6669::
2127:.
2117:42
2115:.
2088:56
2086:.
2082:.
2061:17
2059:.
2032:.
2022:.
2008:.
2004:.
1987:52
1985:.
1958:.
1946:35
1944:.
1903:^
1885:20
1883:.
1879:.
1867:^
1859:10
1857:.
1822:81
1820:.
1816:.
1804:^
1786:.
1764:^
1728:^
1714:.
1700:.
1696:.
1677:.
1629:.
1621:.
1611:35
1609:.
1561:81
1559:.
1555:.
1553:*"
1525::
1523:}}
1519:{{
1479:^
1440:.
1430:33
1428:.
1408:^
1394:.
1352:.
1346:.
1326:^
1183:,
1179:,
1173:,
1153:,
1056:.
1044:,
1026:,
1020:,
1004:,
921:.
312:.
69:,
6602:)
6578:)
6515:)
6506:)
6497:)
6473:)
6464:)
6455:)
6446:)
6383:)
6359:)
6335:)
6298:)
6289:)
6280:)
6271:)
6262:)
6253:)
6244:)
6235:)
6226:)
6217:)
6208:)
6184:)
6175:)
6151:)
6127:)
6118:)
6094:)
6070:)
6061:)
6052:)
5989:)
5965:)
5956:)
5947:)
5923:)
5914:)
5905:)
5896:)
5887:)
5878:)
5869:)
5860:)
5851:)
5842:)
5833:)
5824:)
5815:)
5806:)
5797:)
5788:)
5779:)
5770:)
5733:)
5724:)
5715:)
5691:)
5667:)
5643:)
5634:)
5625:)
5601:)
5592:)
5583:)
5574:)
5550:)
5513:)
5489:)
5454:)
5445:)
5436:)
5412:)
5403:)
5394:)
5385:)
5376:)
5352:)
5328:)
5319:)
5310:)
5301:)
5292:)
5283:)
5274:)
5265:)
5241:)
5232:)
5223:)
5214:)
5190:)
5166:)
5142:)
5107:)
5072:)
5063:)
5039:)
5030:)
5021:)
5012:)
5003:)
4994:)
4985:)
4976:)
4962:)
4927:)
4903:)
4879:)
4870:)
4861:)
4852:)
4843:)
4834:)
4825:)
4816:)
4807:)
4798:)
4774:)
4765:)
4756:)
4747:)
4738:)
4701:)
4677:)
4642:)
4611:)
4602:)
4578:)
4554:)
4545:)
4536:)
4527:)
4518:)
4509:)
4500:)
4476:)
4452:)
4428:)
4404:)
4395:)
4386:)
4377:)
4353:)
4329:)
4320:)
4311:)
4302:)
4278:)
4269:)
4260:)
4251:)
4242:)
4233:)
4224:)
4215:)
4206:)
4197:)
4173:)
4149:)
4125:)
4099:)
4028:)
3991:)
3982:)
3958:)
3934:)
3925:)
3901:)
3864:)
3827:)
3790:)
3781:)
3772:)
3748:)
3739:)
3730:)
3721:)
3712:)
3675:)
3651:)
3642:)
3633:)
3624:)
3600:)
3591:)
3526:)
3517:)
3508:)
3484:)
3475:)
3464:?
3450:)
3442:?
3440:)
3416:)
3392:)
3368:)
3359:)
3350:)
3341:)
3332:)
3323:)
3314:)
3305:)
3296:)
3272:)
3263:)
3239:)
3215:)
3206:)
3182:)
3158:)
3121:)
3112:)
3103:)
3094:)
3085:)
3061:)
3052:)
3043:)
3034:)
3010:)
2986:)
2977:)
2953:)
2944:)
2935:)
2926:)
2902:)
2893:)
2869:)
2845:)
2836:)
2827:)
2818:)
2809:)
2800:)
2791:)
2782:)
2773:)
2764:)
2755:)
2746:)
2737:)
2648:)
2639:)
2630:)
2621:)
2612:)
2603:)
2579:)
2570:)
2561:)
2537:)
2500:)
2491:)
2482:)
2473:)
2464:)
2455:)
2446:)
2409:)
2400:)
2391:)
2382:)
2358:)
2321:)
2224:e
2217:t
2210:v
2160:.
2135:.
2131::
2123::
2100:.
2094::
2040:.
2016::
2010:7
1966:.
1962::
1929:.
1897:.
1891::
1834:.
1828::
1798:.
1780:"
1758:.
1722:.
1708::
1679:6
1662:.
1637:.
1625::
1617::
1571:.
1567::
1536:)
1532:(
1473:.
1448:.
1436::
1402:.
1344:"
1340:"
1119:(
877:(
869:(
861:(
833:(
810:(
265:(
234:(
101:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
