227:. Average annual rainfall (recorded at Swansea) is 611 mm; average maximum temperatures are 13 °C in winter and 22 °C in summer. The tidal range of the lagoon varies from 0.3 m in its upper reaches to 0.8 m at the mouth. Although the lagoon's hydrology is usually dominated by its estuarine nature, during peak flows of the Swan River these are overridden by large quantities of fresh water. During hot, dry weather, salinity levels may reach twice that of seawater in some areas. The lagoon contains areas of both deep and shallow water and is surrounded by tidal
124:
116:
428:
On 16 November 1982 most of what was to become the 4760 ha
Moulting Lagoon Game Reserve in 1988 was designated Ramsar site 251, and a 940 ha area of the Apsley Marshes was designated Ramsar site 255, mainly because of their value as waterbird habitat, especially for black swans.
400:, especially for harvesting swan eggs, prior to European settlement in the early 19th century. By the late 1820s most arable land in the region had been taken by European settlers. Subsequently, it became a popular site for
941:
408:. In 1959 and 1980 some parts of the lagoon were given legislative protection; however, attempts to give protection to the whole area was resisted by duck hunters and local residents. It was eventually proclaimed a
1057:
618:
1081:
810:
873:
404:, especially of chestnut teal and Australian shelduck. In 1918 much of the lagoon was proclaimed a sanctuary for waterfowl, though in 1928 it reverted to
979:
1120:
611:
579:
994:
666:
519:
1034:
815:
1135:
604:
691:
643:
627:
989:
795:
757:
1130:
1047:
671:
202:
of 900 km, and sheltered from the ocean by Nine Mile Spit. It is adjacent to the Apsley
Marshes which store and filter
1125:
1052:
926:
635:
848:
661:
911:
716:
931:
762:
253:
681:
195:
191:
1024:
946:
921:
863:
800:
333:
309:
969:
858:
345:
341:
1004:
901:
739:
397:
377:
290:
278:
270:
416:
ended in 2005. Contemporary use of the lagoon includes recreational boating and fishing as well as
206:
from the Apsley River for gradual release into the lagoon. The geology of the site is dominated by
166:
as wetlands of international significance. Moulting Lagoon is so named because it is a traditional
1009:
353:
325:
313:
151:
843:
767:
726:
539:
BirdLife
International. (2011). Important Bird Areas factsheet: Moulting Lagoon. Downloaded from
412:
in 1988, with seasonal hunting over much of the area continuing to take place, though the use of
349:
317:
974:
961:
734:
696:
515:
478:
450:
401:
385:
373:
365:
163:
159:
155:
123:
78:
41:
252:
seagrasses cover about 25 km of the lagoon bed. The margins support successive bands of
893:
381:
297:
147:
916:
883:
787:
706:
676:
653:
274:
266:
257:
316:(IBA) because they regularly support over 1% of the world populations of black swans and
1062:
936:
777:
417:
369:
199:
1114:
1067:
1019:
805:
329:
294:
1042:
951:
906:
868:
853:
686:
409:
361:
357:
1014:
772:
711:
701:
509:
115:
17:
749:
405:
232:
171:
146:
continuous wetlands – Moulting Lagoon and the Apsley
Marshes – at the head of
1096:
1083:
235:. The western shore has been cleared and is mainly used for agriculture and
999:
984:
820:
596:
413:
337:
321:
286:
236:
224:
175:
143:
139:
830:
221:
217:
214:
210:
207:
167:
135:
282:
248:
228:
187:
553:
473:
445:
239:
grazing; the eastern shore retains much of its native vegetation.
203:
122:
114:
285:. Apsley marshes contain areas of woody vegetation dominated by
600:
511:
Moulting Lagoon Game
Reserve (Ramsar Site) Management Plan 2003
324:
sometimes present on the lagoon in substantial numbers include
162:. Both components of the site are listed separately under the
262:
308:
The lagoon and the adjacent marshes have been identified by
514:. Hobart: Department of Tourism, Arts and the Environment.
540:
186:
Moulting Lagoon is a coastal lagoon, or largely enclosed
1033:
960:
892:
829:
786:
748:
725:
652:
634:
582:. The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands. 4 January 2000
101:
93:
85:
76:
64:
56:
48:
39:
34:
811:Coorong and Lakes Alexandrina and Albert Wetland
612:
8:
119:The IBA is an important area for black swans
619:
605:
597:
942:Port Phillip Bay and Bellarine Peninsula
437:
134:is a composite wetland site in eastern
75:
580:"The Annotated Ramsar List: Australia"
31:
844:Cape Barren Island east coast lagoons
535:
533:
531:
396:The area was extensively used by the
127:...as well as for pied oystercatchers
100:
92:
84:
63:
55:
47:
38:
7:
503:
501:
499:
497:
508:Parks and Wildlife Service (2007).
384:. It supports the largest flock of
132:Moulting Lagoon Important Bird Area
25:
1063:Hosnies Spring (Christmas Island)
289:, some saltmarsh, large areas of
142:. It comprises two adjacent and
1121:Important Bird Areas of Tasmania
796:Banrock Station Wetland Complex
174:. It is an important site for
980:Forrestdale and Thomsons Lakes
672:Fivebough and Tuckerbil Swamps
190:, formed at the mouths of the
1:
1058:Elizabeth and Middleton Reefs
1053:The Dales (Christmas Island)
636:Australian Capital Territory
849:Interlaken Lakeside Reserve
27:Lake in Tasmania, Australia
1152:
995:Lakes Argyle and Kununurra
912:Edithvale-Seaford Wetlands
211:alluvial gravels and sands
1136:Ramsar sites in Australia
884:Pittwater–Orielton Lagoon
692:Little Llangothlin Lagoon
628:Ramsar sites in Australia
481:Sites Information Service
453:Sites Information Service
109:
72:
198:, which have a combined
682:Hunter Estuary Wetlands
541:http://www.birdlife.org
334:Australasian shovellers
154:, between the towns of
150:, near the base of the
1097:42.02583°S 148.19028°E
947:Western District Lakes
874:Lower Ringarooma River
864:Little Waterhouse Lake
801:Bool and Hacks Lagoons
667:Central Murray Forests
554:"IBA: Moulting Lagoon"
346:little pied cormorants
310:BirdLife International
213:with smaller areas of
128:
120:
1131:Estuaries of Tasmania
1025:Vasse-Wonnerup System
970:Becher Point Wetlands
378:double-banded plovers
126:
118:
1126:Lagoons of Australia
1102:-42.02583; 148.19028
1035:External territories
1010:Peel-Yalgorup System
1005:Ord River Floodplain
927:Hattah-Kulkyne Lakes
740:Kakadu National Park
354:great crested grebes
326:Australian shelducks
1093: /
318:pied oystercatchers
314:Important Bird Area
152:Freycinet Peninsula
1048:Coral Sea Reserves
1000:Muir-Byenup System
990:Lake Warden System
768:Great Sandy Strait
727:Northern Territory
386:common greenshanks
366:white-faced herons
129:
121:
102:Reference no.
65:Reference no.
1076:
1075:
975:Eighty Mile Beach
962:Western Australia
816:Piccaninnie Ponds
758:Bowling Green Bay
735:Cobourg Peninsula
697:Macquarie Marshes
560:. Birds Australia
521:978-0-7246-6258-6
446:"Moulting Lagoon"
402:waterfowl hunting
382:red-necked stints
164:Ramsar Convention
113:
112:
16:(Redirected from
1143:
1108:
1107:
1105:
1104:
1103:
1098:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1089:
1086:
952:Western Port Bay
763:Currawinya Lakes
621:
614:
607:
598:
592:
591:
589:
587:
576:
570:
569:
567:
565:
550:
544:
537:
526:
525:
505:
492:
491:
489:
487:
474:"Apsley Marshes"
470:
464:
463:
461:
459:
442:
398:Oyster Bay Tribe
312:as a 63 km
254:beaded glasswort
148:Great Oyster Bay
97:16 November 1982
60:16 November 1982
32:
21:
1151:
1150:
1146:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1141:
1140:
1111:
1110:
1101:
1099:
1095:
1092:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1072:
1029:
956:
932:Kerang Wetlands
922:Gunbower Forest
917:Gippsland Lakes
888:
879:Moulting Lagoon
825:
788:South Australia
782:
744:
721:
707:Narran Wetlands
677:Gwydir Wetlands
654:New South Wales
648:
630:
625:
595:
585:
583:
578:
577:
573:
563:
561:
552:
551:
547:
538:
529:
522:
507:
506:
495:
485:
483:
472:
471:
467:
457:
455:
444:
443:
439:
435:
426:
394:
370:masked lapwings
306:
293:and freshwater
279:Oyster Bay pine
271:swamp paperbark
245:
184:
81:
52:Moulting Lagoon
44:
28:
23:
22:
18:Moulting Lagoon
15:
12:
11:
5:
1149:
1147:
1139:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1113:
1112:
1074:
1073:
1071:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
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1039:
1037:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
966:
964:
958:
957:
955:
954:
949:
944:
939:
937:Lake Albacutya
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
898:
896:
890:
889:
887:
886:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
839:Apsley Marshes
835:
833:
827:
826:
824:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
792:
790:
784:
783:
781:
780:
778:Shoalwater Bay
775:
770:
765:
760:
754:
752:
746:
745:
743:
742:
737:
731:
729:
723:
722:
720:
719:
714:
712:Paroo Wetlands
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
669:
664:
658:
656:
650:
649:
647:
646:
640:
638:
632:
631:
626:
624:
623:
616:
609:
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594:
593:
571:
545:
543:on 18/08/2011.
527:
520:
493:
465:
436:
434:
431:
425:
424:Ramsar listing
422:
418:oyster farming
393:
390:
330:chestnut teals
305:
302:
267:grass tussocks
244:
241:
200:catchment area
183:
180:
144:hydrologically
111:
110:
107:
106:
103:
99:
98:
95:
91:
90:
89:Apsley Marshes
87:
83:
82:
79:Ramsar Wetland
77:
74:
73:
70:
69:
66:
62:
61:
58:
54:
53:
50:
46:
45:
42:Ramsar Wetland
40:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1148:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1116:
1109:
1106:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1032:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1020:Toolibin Lake
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
967:
965:
963:
959:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
902:Barmah Forest
900:
899:
897:
895:
891:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
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852:
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845:
842:
840:
837:
836:
834:
832:
828:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
806:Coongie Lakes
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
793:
791:
789:
785:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
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751:
747:
741:
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736:
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603:
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581:
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572:
559:
555:
549:
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542:
536:
534:
532:
528:
523:
517:
513:
512:
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502:
500:
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494:
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475:
469:
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454:
452:
447:
441:
438:
432:
430:
423:
421:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
391:
389:
388:in Tasmania.
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
362:Caspian terns
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
303:
301:
299:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
275:silver wattle
272:
268:
265:
264:
259:
255:
251:
250:
242:
240:
238:
234:
230:
226:
223:
219:
216:
212:
209:
205:
201:
197:
196:Apsley Rivers
193:
189:
181:
179:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
125:
117:
108:
104:
96:
88:
86:Official name
80:
71:
67:
59:
51:
49:Official name
43:
33:
30:
19:
1078:
1068:Pulu Keeling
1043:Ashmore Reef
907:Corner Inlet
878:
869:Logan Lagoon
854:Jocks Lagoon
838:
687:Lake Pinaroo
644:Ginini Flats
584:. Retrieved
574:
562:. Retrieved
557:
548:
510:
484:. Retrieved
477:
468:
456:. Retrieved
449:
440:
427:
410:game reserve
395:
350:hoary-headed
307:
261:
258:jointed rush
247:
246:
185:
131:
130:
35:Designations
29:
1100: /
1088:148°11′25″E
1015:Roebuck Bay
773:Moreton Bay
717:Towra Point
702:Myall Lakes
342:black-faced
291:common reed
182:Description
172:black swans
1115:Categories
1085:42°01′33″S
750:Queensland
433:References
406:crown land
374:red-capped
338:musk ducks
322:waterbirds
287:paperbarks
204:floodwater
176:waterbirds
170:place for
94:Designated
57:Designated
985:Lake Gore
821:Riverland
662:Blue Lake
586:19 August
564:17 August
414:lead shot
320:. Other
237:livestock
233:saltmarsh
225:sandstone
140:Australia
894:Victoria
831:Tasmania
486:25 April
458:25 April
298:herbland
229:mudflats
222:Triassic
218:dolerite
215:Jurassic
208:Holocene
168:moulting
136:Tasmania
859:Lavinia
558:Birdata
392:History
358:crested
295:aquatic
283:pasture
249:Zostera
188:estuary
160:Bicheno
156:Swansea
518:
479:Ramsar
451:Ramsar
380:, and
277:, and
243:Plants
304:Birds
588:2011
566:2011
516:ISBN
488:2018
460:2018
376:and
360:and
352:and
344:and
273:and
260:and
231:and
220:and
194:and
192:Swan
158:and
281:or
263:Poa
105:255
68:251
1117::
556:.
530:^
496:^
476:.
448:.
420:.
372:,
368:,
364:,
356:,
348:,
340:,
336:,
332:,
328:,
300:.
269:,
256:,
178:.
138:,
620:e
613:t
606:v
590:.
568:.
524:.
490:.
462:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
