204:), and is available for suitors. Her mother, Mrs. Warren (her name changed to hide her identity and give the impression that she is married), arranges for her to meet her friend Mr. Praed, a middle-aged, handsome architect, at the home where Vivie is staying. Mrs. Warren arrives with her business partner, Sir George Crofts, who is attracted to Vivie despite their 25-year age difference. Vivie is romantically involved with the youthful Frank Gardner, who sees her as his meal ticket. His father, the (married) Reverend Samuel Gardner, has a history with Vivie's mother. As we discover later, he may be Vivie's out-of-wedlock father, which would make Vivie and Frank half-siblings. Mrs. Warren successfully justifies to her daughter how she chose her particular profession in order to support her daughter and give her the opportunities she never had. She saved enough money to buy into the business with her sister, and she now owns (with Sir George) a chain of brothels across Europe. Vivie is, at first, horrified by the revelation, but then lauds her mother as a champion. However, the reconciliation ends when Vivie finds out that her mother continues to run the business even though she no longer needs to. Vivie takes an office job in the city and dumps Frank, vowing she will never marry. She disowns her mother, and Mrs. Warren is left heartbroken, having looked forward to growing old with her daughter.
238:) of very distinguished ability—one whose knowledge of English social types is as remarkable as her command of industrial and political questions. She suggested that I should put on the stage a real modern lady of the governing class—not the sort of thing that theatrical and critical authorities imagine such a lady to be. I did so; and the result was Miss Vivie Warren ... Mrs. Warren herself was my version of the heroine of the romance narrated by Miss Achurch. The tremendously effective scene—which a baby could write if its sight were normal—in which she justifies herself, is only a paraphrase of a scene in a novel of my own,
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as the Rev. Samuel
Gardner. Members-only clubs had been a device to avoid the eye of authority, but actors often also used the opportunity to invite their fellow-artists to a private showing of a play, usually on Sundays, when theatres were closed to the public. The first public performance in London
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obedient woman: she is educated and entirely self-sufficient. She rejects two marriage proposals, reflecting her reliance on her work ethic and hard-headed approach to life. Shaw represents Vivie as the product of a type of gender reformation: a character who is asexual and "permanently unromantic".
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of a woman." Vivie, an intelligent and pragmatic young woman who has just graduated from university, has come home to get acquainted with her mother for the first time in her life. The play focuses on how their relationship changes when Vivie learns what her mother does for a living. It explains why
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Shaw said he wrote the play "to draw attention to the truth that prostitution is caused, not by female depravity and male licentiousness, but simply by underpaying, undervaluing and overworking women so shamefully that the poorest of them are forced to resort to prostitution to keep body and soul
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Men who could afford to get married in the
Victorian era could make use of “laws that gave him total control of his wife's person—and her fortune”. Victorian women were expected to maintain a poised and dignified manner, and to obey their husbands. Vivie defies the Victorian expectations of an
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The play has been twice revived by the
National Theatre, first in 1970–71 at the Old Vic, directed by Ronald Eyre, with Coral Browne and Sarah Badel, and more recently at the Lyttelton Theatre in 1985–86, directed by Anthony Page, with Joan Plowright and Jessica Turner as Mrs Warren and Vivie.
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Throughout the play, the boundary between sexual desires and proposed marriages is blurred. Frank flirts with both Mrs. Warren and Vivie; Mrs. Warren's companion Sir George Crofts proposes marriage to Vivie despite his relationship with her mother. Critic Petra
Dierkes-Thrun argues that these
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321:. It was later held not to be in violation of the law, and has been revived on Broadway five times since. In December 1918 the play was produced in Perth, Australia by the actor manager Alan Wilkie and featured a friend and protégé of Shaw, Frediswyde Hunter-Watts, as Vivie Warren.
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as Mrs Warren and her real life daughter, Rose
Quentin, as Vivie. The play ran from November 30 to December 3, before going on tour in 2023 to venues including the Yvonne Arnaud Theatre in Guildford and the Everyman Theatre, Cheltenham.
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transforms the story by bringing it into modern times. Mrs. Warren grows rich from her online porn and dating sites while her sheltered daughter recoils from the knowledge that her privileged life is based on the exploitation of women.
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writer as having a dramatisable story in it. It being hopeless to get me to read anything, she told me the story... In the following autumn I was the guest of a lady (
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and the deeply entrenched objectification of women, which Shaw saw pervading all levels of
Victorian society down to its most basic nuclear element, the family."
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Laurence, Dan H. "Victorians
Unveiled: Some Thoughts on Mrs. Warren’s Profession". Shaw: The Annual of Bernard Shaw Studies 24 (2004): 40. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
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Mrs. Warren became a prostitute, condemns the hypocrisies relating to prostitution, and criticises the limited employment opportunities available for women in
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examples illustrate the way in which Shaw "critiqued the ideological and economic system that produced her , attacking the problematic double standard of
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nominations went to
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The story centres on the relationship between Mrs Kitty Warren and her daughter, Vivie. Mrs. Warren, a former prostitute and current
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together." Shaw "addresses a social problem, organized prostitution, and dramatizes it through the character Vivie Warren."
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Fanny Brough as Mrs. Warren in the 1902 London production. Part of a series of photographs of the production taken by
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as Mrs. Warren, George
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has mounted the play five times since the
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in 1893, and first performed in London in 1902. It is one of the three plays Shaw published as
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In 2021, the play ran off-Broadway at Theatre Row, produced by Gingold Theatrical Group.
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shows how he was driven into the ring exactly as Mrs. Warren was driven on the streets.
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proprietor), who attempts to come to terms with her disapproving daughter. It is a
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BBC Television produced a television version first broadcast on 3 October 1972 on
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The Broadview Anthology of British Literature: The Twentieth Century and Beyond
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Vivie Warren, a thoroughly modern young woman, has just graduated from the
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owner, is described as "on the whole, a genial and fairly presentable old
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Mrs. Warren's Daughter: A Story of the Woman's Movement by Harry Johnston
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In 2022, the play was performed at the Chichester Festival Theatre with
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In 2018, Eleanor Bishop's adaptation of the play was performed at the
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The madam of a string of brothels justifies her career to her daughter
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In 2016 the play was performed at the Center Theatre in Seattle.
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on 21 April 1974. The production was released on DVD in 2006.
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The Cambridge Companion to Victorian and Edwardian Theatre
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The Cambridge companion to Victorian and Edwardian theatre
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in Auckland, New Zealand by the Auckland Theatre Company.
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in 2012, and was so popular that the season was extended.
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The Intelligent Woman's Guide to Socialism and Capitalism
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691:. Guthrie Theater. 2003. pp. 25–26. Archived from
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The play was revived in 2010 in three separate venues:
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He explained the source of the play in a letter to the
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The Adventures of the Black Girl in Her Search for God
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568:Vivie's character and the changing role of women
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499:under the 'Stage 2' drama strand. Produced by
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924:English Literature in Transition, 1880–1920
637:. Cambridge University Press. p. 229.
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200:with honours in Mathematics (equal Third
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767:"The Court Approves Bernard Shaw's Play"
544:A radio adaptation was broadcast on the
362:In 2006, it was revived off-broadway by
53:Photographs from the 1918 production of
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834:"Mrs Warren's Profession at Cheltenham"
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820:"Mrs Warren's Profession at Guildford"
686:"Mrs. Warren's Profession Study Guide"
273:The play was originally banned by the
1408:The Simpleton of the Unexpected Isles
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285:) because of its frank discussion of
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1387:How These Doctors Love One Another!
328:The 1976 Broadway revival featured
1690:New Woman of the late 19th century
1450:In Good King Charles's Golden Days
658:Powell, Kerry (19 February 2004).
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1331:Annajanska, the Bolshevik Empress
1184:Passion, Poison, and Petrifaction
470:wrote a sequel, a novel entitled
2166:Plays about British prostitution
1595:Charlotte Payne-Townshend (wife)
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515:as Vivie. Also in the cast were
230:mentioned to me a novel by some
1212:The Shewing-Up of Blanco Posnet
1142:Captain Brassbound's Conversion
32:Mrs. Warren's Profession (film)
1626:George Bernard Shaw: His Plays
1198:The Interlude at the Playhouse
717:Shaw, Bernard (8 April 2018).
664:. Cambridge University Press.
118:A cottage at Haslemere, Surrey
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1937:(Mary Chavelita Dunne Bright)
598:Shaw, George Bernard (1902).
482:A 1960 German film adaption,
2171:Plays by George Bernard Shaw
2076:The Case of Rebellious Susan
1247:The Dark Lady of the Sonnets
941:Mrs. Warren's Profession
906:"Mrs. Warren's Profession",
357:Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario
18:Mrs Warren's Profession
2042:The Story of a Modern Woman
994:public domain audiobook at
397:Shakespeare Theatre Company
364:The Irish Repertory Theatre
27:Play by George Bernard Shaw
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1899:Elizabeth Barrett Browning
1768:Jennie Augusta Brownscombe
1170:How He Lied to Her Husband
980:Internet Broadway Database
859:– via gutenberg.org.
600:"Mrs. Warren's Profession"
419:Roundabout Theatre Company
417:under the auspices of the
381:London's West End, at the
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1743:Sophie Gengembre Anderson
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1519:Cashel Byron's Profession
1226:The Fascinating Foundling
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729:– via Google Books.
561:Mrs.Warren's e-Profession
415:American Airlines Theatre
340:as Sir George Crofts and
241:Cashel Byron's Profession
164:Cashel Byron's Profession
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1578:Quintessence of Ibsenism
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42:Mrs. Warren's Profession
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1808:Susan Stuart Frackelton
1647:Twain and Shaw Do Lunch
1149:The Admirable Bashville
295:Harley Granville-Barker
246:Mrs Warren's Profession
198:University of Cambridge
1994:The Portrait of a Lady
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1773:Julia Margaret Cameron
1512:Love Among the Artists
1429:Arthur and the Acetone
1261:Androcles and the Lion
1233:The Glimpse of Reality
631:Powell, Kerry (2004).
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1853:Elizabeth Okie Paxton
1702:19th-century feminism
1564:The Perfect Wagnerite
1526:An Unsocial Socialist
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1310:The Inca of Perusalem
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871:"BBC Programme Index"
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1970:Alice Freeman Palmer
1868:Jessie Willcox Smith
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1135:Caesar and Cleopatra
1121:The Devil's Disciple
920:Dierkes-Thrun, Petra
425:as Kitty Warren and
344:as Frank Gardner.
306:took place in 1925.
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2109:George Bernard Shaw
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1924:Ella Hepworth Dixon
1863:Pamela Colman Smith
1803:Emma Lampert Cooper
1707:First-wave feminism
1380:Too True to Be Good
1032:George Bernard Shaw
612:on 22 November 2010
556:in the title role.
257:Performance history
141:in 1898, alongside
135:George Bernard Shaw
67:George Bernard Shaw
2072:Henry Arthur Jones
1783:Minerva J. Chapman
1692:(born before 1880)
1619:production history
1478:Shakes versus Shav
1345:Back to Methuselah
1254:Fanny's First Play
1114:You Never Can Tell
1107:The Man of Destiny
772:The New York Times
747:. 15 November 1905
745:The New York Times
698:on 31 October 2007
401:Sidney Harman Hall
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644:978-0-521-79536-4
534:Play of the Month
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721:. A. Constable
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501:Cedric Messina
479:
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474:, circa 1920.
468:Harry Johnston
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383:Comedy Theatre
374:as Mr. Praed.
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2018:The Awakening
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2138:Ann Veronica
2136:
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2113:
2112:
2100:
2090:Daisy Miller
2088:
2075:
2063:
2060:Henrik Ibsen
2051:
2040:
2030:Anna Lombard
2028:
2016:
2006:Aurora Leigh
2004:
1992:
1883:Anne Whitney
1848:Rose O'Neill
1828:Laura Knight
1778:Mary Cassatt
1763:Rosa Bonheur
1645:
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1605:Shaw Theatre
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1401:On the Rocks
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1058:Passion Play
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1041:Bibliography
990:
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865:
853:. Retrieved
848:
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802:. Retrieved
799:irishrep.org
798:
789:
777:. Retrieved
770:
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749:. Retrieved
744:
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723:. Retrieved
712:
700:. Retrieved
693:the original
680:
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633:
626:
614:. Retrieved
607:the original
593:
575:
571:
560:
558:
554:Maggie Steed
543:
532:
531:. Under the
509:Coral Browne
505:Herbert Wise
494:
490:Lilli Palmer
483:
481:
471:
465:
452:
449:
442:
439:
432:
423:Cherry Jones
376:
361:
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338:Philip Bosco
327:
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303:Cosmo Stuart
299:Fanny Brough
287:prostitution
272:
245:
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174:
162:
159:problem play
148:
142:
138:
125:
124:
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109:Problem play
54:
36:
2133:H. G. Wells
2082:Henry James
2013:Kate Chopin
1989:Henry James
1942:Sarah Grand
1919:Ella D'Arcy
1909:Kate Chopin
1556:Non-fiction
1240:Misalliance
552:, starring
550:BBC Radio 7
517:James Grout
478:Adaptations
346:Tony Awards
330:Ruth Gordon
133:written by
2161:1894 plays
2155:Categories
1904:Mona Caird
1505:Immaturity
1366:Saint Joan
1128:The Gadfly
616:7 February
585:References
488:, starred
393:Washington
336:as Vivie,
332:as Kitty,
297:as Frank,
181:blackguard
63:Written by
1962:Educators
1282:Pygmalion
1268:Overruled
702:14 August
395:, by the
368:Dana Ivey
188:Britain.
186:Victorian
2097:Amy Levy
1947:Amy Levy
996:LibriVox
429:as Vivie
411:Broadway
311:New York
202:Wrangler
2126:Candida
2086:novella
1892:Writers
1721:Artists
1588:Related
1100:Candida
978:at the
855:8 April
804:8 April
725:8 April
421:, with
413:at the
403:, with
366:, with
279:Britain
208:Origins
177:brothel
171:Summary
155:brothel
115:Setting
97:Subject
92:English
2141:(1909)
2129:(1898)
2117:(1893)
2105:(1888)
2078:(1894)
2068:(1879)
2056:(1856)
2033:(1901)
2021:(1899)
2009:(1856)
1496:Novels
1443:Geneva
779:21 May
751:21 May
668:
641:
462:Sequel
315:police
291:London
283:censor
232:French
1049:Plays
696:(PDF)
689:(PDF)
610:(PDF)
603:(PDF)
385:with
226:Miss
129:is a
105:Genre
857:2018
806:2018
781:2012
753:2012
727:2018
704:2008
666:ISBN
639:ISBN
618:2011
539:BBC1
527:and
497:BBC2
466:Sir
351:The
192:Plot
147:and
131:play
2123:'s
2111:'s
2099:'s
2074:'s
2062:'s
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2015:'s
2003:'s
1991:'s
958:at
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546:BBC
399:at
355:at
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277:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
