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the guild which had steered the theatre through its early years was not renewed by the regional government, and as a result of growing dissatisfaction with the artistic levels, the
National Theatre transferred its management to a new National Theatre Company. In addition, most of the people associated with the guild were considered to be conservative in outlook, while the new Company were liberals, receptive to fresh ideas.
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founding
Society for the Establishment of a Czech National Theatre in Prague made the first public appeal to start a collection. A year later the proceeds went toward the purchase of land belonging to a former salt works covering an area of not quite 28 acres (11 ha) which determined the magnificent site of the theatre on the banks of the river
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440:. The building of the National Theatre was inaugurated on 18 November 1883. The building, with perfect technical equipment (electric illumination, a steel-constructed stage), served without any extensive modifications for almost one hundred years. It was only on 1 April 1977, following a performance of the
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At first the
National Theatre was supported by a private guild of individuals with a director managing its affairs on behalf of the guild. Lack of subsidy caused some financial and artistic difficulties, but without long-term damage to the growth or status of the institution. In 1900 the contract for
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was dismissed from his post because of his support for the policies of the former
Communist Czechoslovak government. Pauer locked all staff out of the National and Smetana theatres on 17 November 1989 to prevent members of the opera, ballet and drama companies from staging protest performances. After
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On 16 May 1868, the foundation stone was laid, and in
November the foundations were completed. In 1875, the new building reached its full height and in 1877 the theatre was roofed over. As of 1873 there was an ongoing competition for the interior decoration of the building, the scenario of which had
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The
National Theatre is overseen by the director, and the advisory body of the Council of the National Theatre. The advisory board has 11 to 13 members, who are appointed and dismissed by the director. Current members of the council include: JUDr. Pavel Smutný, Prof. Dr. Dadja Altenburg Pešta Kohl,
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was summoned to work on the reconstruction. He was the one to assert the expansion of the edifice to include the block of flats belonging to Dr. Polák that was situated behind the building of the
Provisional Theatre. He made this building a part of the National Theatre and simultaneously changed
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signed an agreement with the
National Theatre in Prague to annually honor the most prominent acts performed at the Czech National Theatre in overall three categories – ballet, drama and opera. The recipients of the KOBANADI Award (KOBANADI = KOmerčnà BAnka + NArodnà DIvadlo) receive a statuette
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on 30 May 1866. The building then became a constituent part of the final version of the
National Theatre; its outside cladding is visible to this day in the elevated section of the rear part of the building, and the interior layout was only obliterated following the latest reconstruction of the
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Architect Zdeněk Vávra was appointed to take charge of the overall reconstruction work. This extensive project was combined with the completion of work on the entire setting of the theatre. The work was completed to meet an important deadline, which was the date of the 100th anniversary of the
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to the
Provincial Committee of the Bohemian Assembly on 29 January 1845, requesting "the privilege of constructing, furnishing, maintaining and managing" of an independent Czech theatre. The application was granted in April 1845, but it was not until six years later – in April 1851 – that the
411:. Another 11 performances were presented after that. Then the theatre was closed down to enable the completion of the finishing touches. While this work was under way a fire broke out on 12 August 1881, which destroyed the copper dome, the auditorium and the stage of the theatre.
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The historic building, noted for its beautiful architecture, also includes an annex of modern design which contains offices and the main box office. Today it functions as the main stage of the three artistic ensembles of the National Theatre: drama, opera and ballet.
370:' paintings and connected with the contemporary style of romantic landscape painting (also linked to Czech history). They provided the fundamental ideology guiding artistic expression, which today is described as the art of the generation of the National Theatre.
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somewhat the area of the auditorium to improve visibility. He did, however, take into account with utmost sensitivity the style of ZĂtek's design, and so he managed to merge three buildings by various architects to form an absolute unity of style.
542:
In 2019 the National Theatre and State Opera in Prague were the place of protests and disruption by artists and staff, including an open letter complaining at the 'non-transparent' appointment of Per Boye Hansen as Artistic Director.
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were collected. This national enthusiasm, however, did not correspond to the behind-the-scenes battles that flared up following the catastrophe. Architect Josef ZĂtek was no longer in the running, and his pupil architect
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The National Theatre belongs to the most important Czech cultural institutions, with a rich artistic tradition, which helped to preserve and develop the most important features of the nation–the
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was made opera director, and as a conductor, his work became noticeable in improvements in the orchestra, chorus and solo ensemble. He also attracted leading singers to the ensemble, such as
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brought to a halt preparations for the envisaged theatre and supported the concept of a modest provisional building, which was erected on the south side of the theatre parcel by architect
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Ing. Petr Dvořák, Ing. Jiřà Maceška, JUDr. Vlasta Formánková, Ing. Bohdan Wojnar, Prof. Ing. Jiřà Drahoš, DrSc., dr.h.c., Pavel Kohout, Ing. Oldřich Černoch CSc. and Ing. Peter Palečka.
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The cornerstone of the National Theatre was laid on 16 May 1868, but the idea of building a theatre dates back to the autumn of 1844 at the gatherings of patriots in
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334:, Hálek) launched an offensive. In 1865 these men attained leading positions in the Society and requested the 33-year-old professor of civil engineering at the
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took over, continuing the progressive artistic direction and leading a thorough renovation of the stagings. He began with the first performance of
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The fire was seen as a national catastrophe and was met with a mighty wave of determination to take up a new collection: Within 47 days a million
342:, to draft a design for the National Theatre. He then came out on top in a later-declared open competition, and in 1867 construction work began.
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opening of the National Theatre: 18 November 1983. On that day the theatre was handed over to the public again with a performance of Smetana’s
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been elaborated by a special commission under the leadership of SladkovskĂ˝. On the one hand, the themes were in the spirit of the
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564:(approx. €4,000 as of March 2011). The first ceremony was held on 26 October 2006 at the stage of the National Theatre.
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and the Provincial Committee, the young progressive advocates of the original ambitious concept of the building (
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and drama. They alternate in their performances in the historic building of the National Theatre, in the
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concept of a classic building. On the other hand, they were inspired by the current enthusiasm for
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The National Theatre was opened for the first time on 11 June 1881, to honour the visit of
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immediately after its premiere, leading to a scandal and the threat of his dismissal.
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History Derailed: Central and Eastern Europe in the Long Nineteenth Century
675:"History of The National Theatre - Art of the National Theatre Generation"
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Simultaneously with the realization of this minimal programme asserted by
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Today the National Theatre consists of three artistic ensembles: opera,
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shape posed challenging problems for the designers of the building.
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377:(a three-horse chariot) and 10 exterior allegorical sculptures by
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and opened on 18 November 1862. The premiere of the famous opera
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521:, and Gabriela Horvatova. After the death of Kovařovic in 1920,
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In 1989 the general director of the National Theatre, composer
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and a sense for a Czech musical and dramatic way of thinking.
754:"RestaurátoĹ™i opravili Alšovy a Ĺ˝enĂškovy lunety v NárodnĂm"
728:"Do NárodnĂho divadla v Praze na Libuši a Prodanou nevÄ›stu"
781:"Smetanova Libuše otevĂrala NárodnĂ divadlo i v roce 1983"
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Renaissance Revival architecture in the Czech Republic
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Prague National Theatre at Google Cultural Institute
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448:, that the theatre was closed down for six years.
962:National cultural monuments of the Czech Republic
452:Additional reconstruction, 1977 to 1983 and after
649:"ProzatĂmnĂ divadlo bylo otevĹ™eno pĹ™ed 150 lety"
268:Prague Provisional Theatre on historic painting
706:. University of California Press. p. 80.
260:Initial design and construction, 1844 to 1881
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460:New stage of the theatre, built in the 1980s
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407:was given its world premiere, conducted by
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428:Reconstruction and reopening, 1883 to 1977
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513:(later a Wagnerian tenor at Bayreuth),
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779:StrašĂková, Lucie (18 November 2008).
831:, August 1964, Vol 15 No 8, p517-524.
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593:Šemberová, Kristina (6 April 2015).
881:(in Czech) Retrieved 30 March 2011
869:, July 2019, Vol.70 No.7, p819-820.
942:Opera houses in the Czech Republic
916:National Theatre (Národnà divadlo)
315:National Theatre in 1977 – 1983.
276:. An application was submitted by
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842:"Council of the National Theatre"
432:The interior artwork was done by
574:National Theatre Ballet (Prague)
349:Interior of the National Theatre
967:Music venues completed in 1883
395:Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria
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528:The Excursions of Mr. BrouÄŤek
381:, 10 more exterior pieces by
655:(in Czech). 20 November 2012
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932:Theatres completed in 1883
700:Tibor Iván Berend (2003).
631:)". In Macy, Laura (ed.).
497:National Theatre in Prague
298:era of von Bach absolutism
556:designed by the academic
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27:Theatre in Czech Republic
760:(in Czech). 26 June 2013
336:Prague Technical College
178:Jakub Klusák, Jan Muchna
734:(in Czech). 2 June 2015
373:The theatre includes a
362:and the stories of the
285:facing the panorama of
957:Music venues in Prague
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879:'Cena KomerÄŤnĂ banky'
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110:50.08111°N 14.41333°E
885:6 March 2009 at the
547:KomerÄŤnĂ banka Award
383:AntonĂn Pavel Wagner
811:, March 1990, p291.
312:Provisional Theatre
130:Ministry of Culture
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947:Theatres in Prague
681:. 24 November 2016
634:Grove Music Online
625:The Bartered Bride
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360:Slavonic mythology
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310:took place at the
307:The Bartered Bride
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254:classical heritage
115:50.08111; 14.41333
937:National theatres
679:narodnidivadlo.cz
438:František Ĺ˝enĂšek
379:Bohuslav Schnirch
278:František Palacký
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368:Josef Mánes
364:Manuscripts
340:Josef ZĂtek
320:F.L. Rieger
248:and in the
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216:opera house
113: /
88:Coordinates
926:Categories
865:Newsdesk.
787:(in Czech)
758:Lidovky.cz
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580:References
560:, 100,000
489:Management
478:Jiřà Pauer
409:Adolf ÄŚech
324:SladkovskĂ˝
101:14°24′48″E
483:Ivo Ĺ˝Ădek
401:'s opera
291:trapezium
244:, in the
226:and art.
175:Architect
170:1977–1983
98:50°4′52″N
883:Archived
851:18 March
732:iDNES.cz
599:iDNES.cz
568:See also
159:Reopened
137:Capacity
76:Location
533:Wozzeck
446:Jirásek
442:Lantern
416:florins
183:Website
167:Rebuilt
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126:Owner
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