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886:, one of the captured British ships. While he was still recovering from the wound to his foot, two Te I'i war-canoes attacked the ship. The ship's cannon were already loaded, so Lieutenant Gamble stumbled from one gun to another, firing them as fast as he could. Ultimately, Gamble beat off the enemy attack single-handedly. However, after the deaths of four of his men in town, there was no choice but to abandon the colony with the remaining seven men - all of whom were either wounded or ill. After that, the base was never again occupied by American forces. Captain Porter, who intended to sail back to Nuka Hiva, was captured at the
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472:, coconut and many kinds of fruit, which grow in abundance. Goats, fish and, more rarely, pigs, are the main sources of meat but there is a growing amount of local beef available. Imported food is also available, including apples, grapes, celery, and even sliced bread from New Zealand. Considerable amounts of rice are also eaten. There is a large population of wild pigs on the island which are a cross between the
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34:
1712:", Nolan helps Commodore Porter in the victory at Nuka Hiva (spelled Nukahiwa). The narrator says, "We should have kept the islands, and at this moment we should have one station in the Pacific Ocean. Our French friends, too, when they wanted this little watering-place, would have found it was preoccupied. But Madison and the Virginians, of course, flung all that away."
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together land and created these islands, which are all named after parts of the house, Nuku Hiva being the roof. Everything he had left over he threw to one side and created a dump which is called 'Ua Huka. From these supposed origins the population rose to an untenable size; first
European estimates vary from 50,000 to 100,000.
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Another version, told in the book "The
Washington Islands" and given by the head archeologist of French Polynesia, is that Porter and his fleet of three ships (including two captured British ships) came to Taioha'e and made a prison there. Porter sent some of his cannons overland, and took three days
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Porter called it a great victory even though the villagers simply left; the chief thought Porter was insane. Porter went back to Taioha'e where he had a prison set up for the
British sailors. Porter's men became lax because they were more interested in the village women, enabling the British sailors
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warriors. The victory forced the Happah to terms and they allied themselves with both the
Americans and the Te I'i. Porter himself led a second expedition in which he made an amphibious assault against the Tai Pī held coastline. Five thousand Te I'is and Happahs accompanied the fleet in at least 200
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was practiced in pre-historic times is debated. Some anthropologists believe that ritualistic cannibalism once existed here, although others claim it is more of a myth. The tales of cannibalism received widespread publicity in 2011 when the burnt remains of a German visitor found on Nuku Hiva led to
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Western Nuku Hiva is characterized by a steep but fairly regular coastline, indented occasionally by small bays, leading to deep valleys, which in turn lead into the interior. There are no villages on the western side. The coastline of the eastern part of the island has few places to land by sea and
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and proudly told
Congress that he claimed the Washington Islands as American. Congress was aghast that American sailors would cohabitate with the islanders, leading Congress to decline Porter's claim. Congress didn't want the shame that American sailors would act like that. Some years later, Porter
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The column arrived at their destination on 30 November 1813. The first shots fired occurred after the Tai Pī's attempted to ambush the column; the attack was beaten off. Porter issued a message warning that if the Tai Pī did not cease their resistance at once, he would destroy the villages. After a
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The landing was unopposed. Porter's force of thirty men and a cannon led the march inland where they found another, more formidable, enemy fort. The thousands of natives, armed with rocks and spears but positioned in a formidable mountain fortress, were able to fend off their attackers. The victory
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within the French
Republic, and there was speculation that the disappearances were due to foul play. Many locals still believe this crash was not properly investigated. Since the death of Kimitete, Marquesan political leaders have repeatedly declared themselves in favor of separating from French
879:
The
Americans used an Englishman named Wilson, who lived on the island, as an interpreter; on 9 May he convinced the Te I'i that Porter would not return from his raid, which the natives were not happy about. Wilson eventually persuaded the Te I'is to cancel the alliance and attack. Six American
943:. A population in excess of 100,000 in 1820 fell to 6,000 in 1872, to 3,000 in 1911 and to a low point of 2,200 in 1927. It seemed that there was no way the Marquesans would survive, but two French doctors toured the islands giving vaccinations and medical care and halted the heavy death toll.
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Latest studies indicate that the first people to arrive here came from west
Polynesia around 2000 years ago, only later colonizing Tahiti, Hawai'i, The Cook Islands and New Zealand. The legend has it that 'Ono, the god of creation, promised his wife to build a house in one day, so he gathered
1052:
Quotations of countless stocks on the international market were automatically inscribed on dials utilized by the
Exchanges of Paris, London, Frankfurt, Amsterdam, Turin, Berlin, Vienna, Saint Petersburg, Constantinople, New York, Valparaíso, Calcutta, Sydney, Peking, and Nuku
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to break out and make the
Americans prisoners. Soon, the British in turn became lax, and the Americans broke out of the prison and made the British prisoners. The chief had had enough of this behavior and told Porter to get out. Porter complied with this demand and left.
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Food became of prime importance. Breadfruit was the staple, but taro, plantain and manioc also played a big part. As for meat, fish was the main source, but even so was limited because of the quantity needed to feed so many mouths. Pigs, chickens and
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in 1791. There is little evidence that these visits led to the introduction of diseases, perhaps because slow passages inhibited the diseases aboard the ships. It seems that it was the commercial shipping, taking on sandalwood, and the
445:, causing high mortality. Historical sources are sparse, and it is unclear when various diseases commonly seen in the New World, Europe and Asia first appeared in Nuku Hiva. The population has increased to 3,210 by 2017.
939:), but as the Catholic Church had converted the islands to Christianity by then, there was a protest and those captives who were still alive were sent back. However, this was a mixed blessing because they brought
372:, the island's highest peak, which reaches an elevation of 1,224 metres (4,016 ft). The western and northern edges of To'ovi'i are a mountain ridge, which catches much of the rain that waters the island.
563:), seat of the Catholic Diocese of Taiohae whose worshipers amount to 85% of the total population, according to 2018 data. Other churches under the same diocese include the Church of Saint Joseph in Taipivai (
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In the South Seas, Being an Account of Experiences and Observations in the Marquesas, Paumotur and Gilbert Islands in the Course of Two Cruises, on the Yacht Casco (1888) and the Schooner Equator (1898)
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speculation that the victim may have been partially eaten. However, when the murderer was eventually arrested, tried, and convicted, the prosecution presented no evidence that cannibalism was involved.
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Additionally, Jules Verne's "The Floating Island" makes a stop at Nuka-Hiva where he provides an extensive profile of its occupants, flora, fauna, geography, etc., as known in the late 19th century.
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The population in 2007 was 2,660. This is substantially less than that encountered at the end of the 16th century when the Spaniards first sighted the island. Contacts with Europeans may have brought
859:. On 7 May 1814, a group of the British sailors mutinied, released the six prisoners, and attacked the fort. Gamble was wounded in the foot and taken captive with his remaining men on the converted
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in 2018. The submarine cable has a total design capacity of more than 10 Tbit/s. This has led to high speed internet access for its inhabitants. The island has both fixed-line and 4G connectivity.
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In the end, the Americans and their Te I'i and Happah allies had won at severe cost to the enemy, who sued for peace soon after. The next few months were peaceful until May 1814. The
452:. At the 2002 census, 92.6% of Nuku Hiva's residents were born in French Polynesia while 148 people, making up 5.6% of Nuku Hiva's residents, were people born in Metropolitan France.
375:
Pine forest plantations covering large areas all around the crater of To'ovi'i give an overall impression of the lower Alps and parts of Germany, Wales and Switzerland. In one place,
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840:. At least six British prisoners were at Nuku Hiva during the American operations against the natives, not including a number who volunteered to fight for Captain Porter.
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in 2015 with a nomadic couple who reside on a boat, which was moored off Nuku Hiva at the time of his week-long visit. They sailed from the southwest to the northeast.
766:, the flagship of his fleet of ten other armed ships. A shore party was landed and they claimed the island for the United States and constructed a small village, named
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sailors were on the beach at Madisonville at the time, four of the men were killed and one other man escaped wounded with a second survivor. Gamble was alone on
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was short-lived however and Captain Porter followed up his landing with an expedition overland, bypassing the fort, to threaten the Tai Pī's village center in
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Polynesia and remaining within the French Republic in case French Polynesian political leaders in Tahiti would proclaim the independence of French Polynesia.
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little while of waiting, the hostiles seemed to ignore the demands so the expedition advanced. An engagement ensued as the villages were burned.
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regime, and prisoners are free to use the grounds with a minimum of supervision. Prisoners who do not follow the model are returned to prison in
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The administrative centre of the commune of Nuku-Hiva and also of the administrative subdivision of the Marquesas Islands is the settlement of
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The slopes of the north western side of the island are much drier than the rest of the island, and are often described as a
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takes the brunt of the ocean swells. The northern side, in contrast, is indented by deep bays, the largest of which are
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Horsburgh, K. Ann; Gosling, Anna L.; Cochrane, Ethan E.; Kirch, Patrick V.; Swift, Jillian A.; McCoy, Mark D. (2022).
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and two other politicians, disappeared in May 2002. Kimitete promoted separation of the Marquesas Islands from
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789:. He and forty others, with the assistance of several hundred Te I'is, captured a fort held by 3,000 to 4,000
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missionaries. The site (specifically Taiohae) is home to the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Marquesas Islands (
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This article is about the island of Nuku Hiva. For the administrative commune which includes the island, see
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and a villa on the island, which the natives destroyed after his ship had left. Before his departure,
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in the northwest corner of the island, approximately 50 kilometres (31 mi) by road, northwest of
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stopped at Fatu Iva and called the islands Los Marquesas after the wife of the Viceroy of Peru.
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There is a prison on the island, which is notable for being the smallest in France. It uses an
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took possession of the whole group and established a settlement, which was abandoned in 1859.
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1027:(1846) is based on the time he spent on the island after deserting the American whaling ship
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1130:, Institut de la statistique de la Polynésie française (ISPF), consulté le 27 février 2019.
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The population is primarily Polynesian with a small proportion of Europeans, mostly from
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330:. Another two, at Hakau'i and Hakatea, are both accessed by the same narrow entrance.
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1106:"Sailing ship and dog-poni: Historic petroglyphs on Nuku Hiva, the Marquesas Islands"
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1478:"Polynesian hunter Arihano Haiti jailed 28 years for murder of tourist Stefan Ramin"
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417:, located on the south side of Nuku Hiva, at the head of the bay of that same name.
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1619:
Jules Verne, Richard Howard. "Paris in the Twentieth Century". Ed. G.K. Hall, 1997
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A ship from Peru captured people from 'Ua Pou and took them back as slaves (see
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1142:"Origins of Polynesian Pigs Revealed by Mitochondrial Whole Genome Ancient DNA"
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During the wars between the Te I'i and the Tai Pī, on 25 October 25, 1813, the
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Voyage au Pôle Sud et dans l'Océanie sur les corvettes L'Astrolabe et La Zélée
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1701:, first edition 1846, documents the ways and mores of the people of Taipivai.
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describes Nuku Hiva as one of the main stock exchanges of the world of 1960:
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1239:"NATITUA submarine cable system to bridge French Polynesian digital divide"
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Meanwhile, unknown to Porter on 28 August 1814, a Royal Navy flotilla with
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was in its third year and most of the American fleet was captured British
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1515:"War of 1812: Commodore David Porter and the Essex in the South Pacific"
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to get to Taipivai. He also then had his ships go into Taipivai harbor.
847:. He left behind only nineteen navy sailors and six prisoners under two
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908:, with the consent of the local tribes excepting the "Typees" from the
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621: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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War of 1812: Commodore David Porter and the Essex in the South Pacific
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covering somewhat more than the western two thirds of the island, and
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brought by the first settlers from peninsular Southeast Asia and the
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that brought the epidemics that killed nine out of ten Polynesians.
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In December 1813, Porter left Nuku Hiva to continue raiding British
782:. Almost immediately Porter became involved in the tribal conflict.
1643:
The Savage Wars of Peace: Small Wars and the Rise of American Power
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1217:"La prison de Taiohae, un "modèle original" pour Nicole Belloubet"
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1192:"Nicole Belloubet confirme le maintien de la prison de Nuku Hiva"
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Polémique à Tahiti: les Marquises veulent se rapprocher de Paris
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1573:"2002 disappearance of French Polynesia politicians remembered"
998:, the fourth season of the American reality competition series
912:, took possession of Nuku Hiva on behalf of the British Crown.
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Nuku Hiva was, in historical times, the site of two provinces,
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A lithograph from 1846 titled "Cases de naturels à Nouka-Hiva".
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The majority of the island's population, as is the case in the
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Répartition de la population de la Polynésie française par île
590:
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as a result of European colonisation and the activity of both
1289:"Uncovering Pacific culture obliterated in name of religion"
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The first expedition into the jungle was led by Lieutenant
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Cathedral of Our Lady of the Marquesas Islands in Nuku Hiva
1264:"Nuku Hiva - the largest island in the Marquesas - Aranui"
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anchored off Nuku Hiva. They found that Porter had built
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were also reared, and hunted when they took to the wild.
1689:, a collection of letters published posthumously in 1896
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In 2001, Nuku Hiva was used as the filming location for
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When Porter got back to the US, he went in front of the
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The central part of the island is a high plateau called
868:, though the Americans were set adrift later that day.
778:, and a dock were also built, the latter to refit the
1557:. Pacific Islands Report. 25 May 2005. Archived from
947:, however, was still a problem only 20 years ago and
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Millerstrom, Sidsel; Rogers, Richard W. (May 2005).
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named Te Henua a Taha or "Terre Déserte" in French.
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In Vaihi ridge just south of Taipivai, there exists
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Presidency of French Polynesia article on Nuku Hiva
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72:Location of Nuku Hiva Island in the Pacific Ocean
38:Map showing the location of Nuku Hiva within the
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507:. The airport was opened on 14 December 1980.
365:raising are taking place for the first time.
1746:
1449:"Tales of cannibalism from the South Pacific"
429:Demographic evolution of Nuku Hiva since 1971
8:
1407:"Église de Sainte-Thérèse-de-l'Enfant-Jésus"
713:likewise visited the south in 1774, and the
282:, on the north side of the island, in 1888.
26:
1480:, News.com.au. Retrieved February 20, 2021.
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1555:"MISSING TAHITI LAWMAKERS REMAINS MYSTERY"
1311:"Cathédrale Notre-Dame des Îles Marquises"
581:Église de Sainte-Thérèse-de-l'Enfant-Jésus
394:Nuku Hiva is administratively part of the
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637:Learn how and when to remove this message
270:valley in the eastern part of Nuku Hiva.
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735:The American fleet at Nuka Hiva in 1813.
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561:Cathédrale Notre-Dame des Îles Marquises
1447:Hollingshead, Iain (October 18, 2011).
1219:(in French). Tahiti infos. 18 July 2019
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1004:, airing in the United States in 2002.
460:The primary diet of people tends to be
274:'s first landfall on his voyage on the
1335:"Diocese of Taiohae, French Polynesia"
368:On the western edge of To'ovi'i rises
1076:List of volcanoes in French Polynesia
818:Wilhelm Gottlieb Tilesius von Tilenau
7:
619:adding citations to reliable sources
357:, covered primarily by a tall-grass
343:Admiral Abel Aubert du Petit-Thouars
1938:Geography of the Marquesas Islands
1606:"Ben Fogle: New Lives in the Wild"
1194:(in French). actu.fr. 19 July 2019
832:between the United States and the
523:Nuku Hiva Island was connected to
14:
1887:Archipelagos of French Polynesia:
577:Saint Therese of the Infant Jesus
337:that records the introduction of
246:. It was formerly also known as
146:339 km (131 sq mi)
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1943:Islands of the Marquesas Islands
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1061:, Paris in the Twentieth Century
1013:Ben Fogle: New Lives in the Wild
701:European exploration and whaling
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266:based on his experiences in the
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1007:British explorer and presenter
920:became chief of Mexico's navy.
606:needs additional citations for
1041:Paris in the Twentieth Century
672:, covering the eastern third.
1:
1948:Volcanoes of French Polynesia
806:, as the Americans named it.
1266:. 2023-01-28. Archived from
1111:. Easter Island Foundation.
529:Submarine fiber optic cable
341:brought into the island by
154:1,224 m (4016 ft)
1971:
853:United States Marine Corps
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707:Álvaro de Mendaña de Neira
480:brought by the Europeans.
404:administrative subdivision
361:, on which experiments in
240:overseas country of France
18:
16:Island in French Polynesia
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1710:The Man Without a Country
1383:"Église des Sacrés-Cœurs"
951:is only now almost gone.
499:Nuku Hiva is served by a
324:, are part of the larger
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46:
31:
1359:"Église de Saint-Joseph"
230:) is the largest of the
213:7.8/km (20.2/sq mi)
1467:(subscription required)
1023:Herman Melville's book
931:19th and 20th centuries
902:Fort Madison, Nuku Hiva
573:Église des Sacrés-Cœurs
1953:Cannibalism in Oceania
1683:Robert Louis Stevenson
1431:Jules Dumont d'Urville
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917:United States Congress
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565:Église de Saint-Joseph
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272:Robert Louis Stevenson
151:Highest elevation
1437:, (Gide Paris), 1846.
1291:. Stuff. 13 July 2019
1011:filmed an episode of
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567:), the Church of the
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501:single-runway airport
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888:Battle of Valparaíso
687:The extent to which
615:improve this article
1837:Southern Marquesas:
1782:Northern Marquesas:
1706:Edward Everett Hale
1561:on 7 December 2021.
1159:10.3390/ani12182469
1086:Dependent Territory
1044:, written in 1863,
995:Survivor: Marquesas
696:Post-contact Period
450:Metropolitan France
437:infections such as
312:. Three others, at
222:(sometimes spelled
113: /
90:South Pacific Ocean
28:
1575:. RNZ. 25 May 2020
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883:Sir Andrew Hammond
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742:Nuku Hiva Campaign
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726:Nuku Hiva Campaign
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398:(municipality) of
327:Baie du Contrôleur
159:Highest point
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1762:Marquesas Islands
715:Solide expedition
705:On 21 July 1595,
650:Historical Period
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545:Marquesas Islands
408:Marquesas Islands
232:Marquesas Islands
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137:Marquesas Islands
117:8.867°S 140.133°W
40:Marquesas Islands
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186:Overseas country
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1081:Overseas France
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1021:
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961:Lucien Kimitete
957:
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377:Vaipō Waterfall
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304:. A third bay,
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260:wrote his book
258:Herman Melville
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857:John M. Gamble
834:United Kingdom
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949:elephantiasis
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720:whaling ships
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1708:'s novella "
1696:
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1600:
1589:
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1567:
1559:the original
1549:
1540:
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1519:. Retrieved
1509:
1473:
1460:February 20,
1458:. Retrieved
1452:
1442:
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1414:. Retrieved
1410:
1401:
1390:. Retrieved
1386:
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1362:
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1342:. Retrieved
1338:
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1318:. Retrieved
1314:
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1293:. Retrieved
1283:
1272:. Retrieved
1268:the original
1258:
1247:. Retrieved
1245:. 2017-07-25
1242:
1233:
1221:. Retrieved
1196:. Retrieved
1186:
1152:(18): 2469.
1149:
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955:21st century
937:Blackbirding
934:
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865:Seringapatam
863:
842:
827:
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804:Typee Valley
800:
784:
779:
776:Fort Madison
768:Madisonville
762:
754:David Porter
745:
734:
704:
686:
678:
674:
663:
658:
633:
624:
613:Please help
608:verification
605:
580:
572:
571:in Hatiheu (
569:Sacred Heart
564:
560:
542:
522:
498:
482:
459:
447:
432:
421:Demographics
412:
393:
381:
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352:
332:
325:
294:
275:
261:
256:
251:
248:Île Marchand
247:
227:
223:
219:
218:
210:Pop. density
205:3,120 (2017)
197:Demographics
175:
1651:Basic Books
1059:Jules Verne
1046:Jules Verne
967:, Mayor of
855:Lieutenant
830:War of 1812
787:John Downes
689:cannibalism
627:August 2014
579:in Aakapa (
485:open prison
335:petroglyphs
133:Archipelago
120: /
96:Coordinates
1927:Categories
1669:2004695066
1660:046500721X
1579:23 January
1416:2021-09-02
1392:2021-09-02
1368:2021-09-02
1344:2021-09-02
1320:2021-09-02
1295:24 January
1274:2024-04-13
1249:2024-04-13
1223:23 January
1198:23 January
1092:References
849:midshipmen
838:privateers
796:war-canoes
711:James Cook
557:Protestant
478:wild boars
462:breadfruit
202:Population
1933:Nuku Hiva
1907:Societies
1902:Marquesas
1859:Moho Tani
1849:Fatu Huku
1844:Fatu-Hiva
1809:Nuku-Hiva
1639:Boot, Max
1521:1 January
1411:GCatholic
1387:GCatholic
1363:GCatholic
1339:GCatholic
1315:GCatholic
1243:Lightwave
1031:in 1842.
1009:Ben Fogle
980:Media use
923:In 1842,
549:Christian
443:influenza
435:New World
400:Nuku-Hiva
345:in 1842.
286:Geography
220:Nuku Hiva
81:Geography
66:Nuku Hiva
27:Nuku Hiva
21:Nuku-Hiva
1912:Tuamotus
1897:Gambiers
1892:Australs
1864:Motu Nao
1804:Motu One
1799:Motu Iti
1647:New York
1641:(2003).
1178:36139328
1070:See also
1056:—
1029:Acushnet
1001:Survivor
774:, named
748:American
539:Religion
505:Taioha'e
415:Taioha'e
355:To'ovi'i
314:Taipivai
310:Taioha'e
306:'A'akapa
302:Hatihe'u
280:Hatihe'u
268:Taipivai
228:Nukuhiva
224:Nukahiva
108:140°08′W
86:Location
1869:Tahuata
1854:Hiva Oa
1814:Ua Huka
1629:. P. 81
1169:9495175
1146:Animals
1128:en 2017
1034:In his
945:Leprosy
845:whalers
820:, 1813.
758:frigate
751:Captain
587:History
533:NATITUA
489:Papeete
406:of the
396:commune
359:prairie
318:Ho'oumi
278:was at
242:in the
1874:Terihi
1819:Ua Pou
1794:Hatutu
1667:
1657:
1625:
1176:
1166:
1038:novel
925:France
897:Briton
861:whaler
791:Happah
670:Tai Pī
666:Te I'i
527:via a
470:manioc
384:desert
363:cattle
349:Inland
339:horses
322:Hakaui
320:, and
177:France
105:8°52′S
1698:Typee
1429:From
1025:Typee
780:Essex
763:Essex
547:, is
370:Tekao
298:Anahō
291:Coast
276:Casco
263:Typee
238:, an
163:Tekao
1789:Eiao
1665:LCCN
1655:ISBN
1623:ISBN
1581:2022
1523:2014
1462:2021
1297:2022
1225:2022
1200:2022
1174:PMID
1053:Hiva
969:Arue
895:HMS
851:and
770:. A
761:USS
682:dogs
555:and
466:taro
456:Life
441:and
300:and
250:and
143:Area
1764:of
1704:In
1685:,
1164:PMC
1154:doi
816:by
617:by
234:in
226:or
1929::
1663:.
1653:.
1649::
1645:.
1621:.
1485:^
1451:.
1433:,
1409:.
1385:.
1361:.
1337:.
1313:.
1241:.
1208:^
1172:.
1162:.
1150:12
1148:.
1144:.
1113:19
798:.
583:)
491:.
468:,
464:,
410:.
316:,
254:.
1754:e
1747:t
1740:v
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1583:.
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1371:.
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1180:.
1156::
640:)
634:(
629:)
625:(
611:.
23:.
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