301:
1605:
52:
1649:
194:
1687:
131:
30:
1088:
guns were installed on the roof of each main turret. As a result of these changes, the displacement increased to 640 tonnes (630 long tons) standard and 770 tonnes (760 long tons) full, the draught increased to 1.56 m (5 ft 1 in) and the speed decreased to 12 knots (22 km/h;
693:. Belt armor was 40 mm (1.6 in) thick, deck armor was 25 mm (0.98 in), and the conning tower and turrets had 50 mm (2.0 in). Armament consisted of two 120 mm (4.7 in)/L45 gun mounted in a twin turret and two 120 mm (4.7 in)/L10 howitzers.
1258:
in July 1951, after being removed from service a month earlier. On 12 August 1951, she reentered
Romanian service receiving the designation M.12, which was changed a year later to M.205. On 1 December 1957, she was moved to reserve, then stricken in 1958 and finally scrapped in 1959.
1089:
14 mph). The complement was also increased to 125 crewmen. After the upgrade works were completed, the ship returned to the Vâlcov
Tactical Detachment and carried out the missions in rotations.
1487:
1002:
went through an extensive modernization process. The superstructure was enlarged, and the howitzers and light guns were dismounted and replaced with three 37 mm (1.5 in)
1200:
on 16 September. The ship was then towed to Brăila, then to Izmail where the
Soviets confiscated her on 18 September. On 30 October, the ship was pressed into Soviet service as
1747:
1798:
673:
had a length of 62 m (203 ft 5 in), a width of 10.3 m (33 ft 10 in), and a draught of 1.3 m (4 ft 3 in) and was powered by two
1582:
1808:
1217:
878:
continued raiding other
Romanian positions on the river, and helped clear out the Dinu Island in November. Further raids continued in November targeting
1803:
1085:
1007:
689:(25.0 km/h; 15.5 mph) and a range of 700 nmi (1,300 km; 810 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph), carrying 76 tons of
957:
and then to
Budapest reaching the city on 6 November. On 8 December 1918, the ships from Budapest were confiscated by the Allied Commission for the
1773:
1813:
1575:
1317:
1249:
1818:
1778:
1080:
Between 1942 and 1943, the monitor received a second twin turret with of 120 mm (4.7 in)/L45 guns which was taken from NMS
1568:
1551:
1391:
750:
591:
1037:
were organized in the Galați River Naval Force of the
Romanian Danube Flotilla. Their task was to protect the flank of Romanian
1101:
1793:
1153:. The ships reached Giurgiu on 30 August. On 31 August, the ships were called to Brăila then to Reni. Beginning the journey,
1054:
639:
583:
1057:
and Soviet artillery started on 23 June 1941 and continued until the night of 9/10 July when the Soviet ships retreated to
1788:
1255:
1011:
871:
958:
898:
1522:
1196:
and some Soviet officers and sailors who boarded her to continue the efforts alone. The crews succeeded in freeing
1783:
1173:
611:
1725:
1591:
987:
661:
603:
573:
366:
1701:
1633:
1626:
1018:
754:
706:
650:
504:
1149:
and captured a medical convoy on the way there. On 29 August, the ships were further instructed to move to
775:
702:
498:
614:
on 1 September 1944. She was recovered on 16 September and confiscated by the
Soviets receiving the name
1610:
1221:
1038:
966:
694:
565:
136:
121:
1115:
1110:
1084:, the deck armor was increased to 60 mm (2.4 in) and two quadruple 20 mm (0.79 in)
1137:
and capturing or destroying any encountered German ships on the night of 26/27 August. Together with
1042:
522:
1768:
1692:
1654:
1285:
674:
441:
851:
293:
Confiscated by the USSR, returned in 1951, and continued service as M.12, later M.205, until 1958
199:
184:
1074:
698:
492:
1244:
1547:
1500:
1387:
1313:
1150:
1189:
1014:
on a platform behind the superstructure. Four of the original seven machine guns were kept.
858:
until 25 September and had to relocate further upstream. Forming the 2nd
Monitor Group with
29:
983:
57:
1046:
763:
618:. Returned to Romania in 1951, she was moved to reserve in 1957, then scrapped in 1959.
1489:
Dunărea și Marea Neagră în spațiul euroasiatic. Istorie, relații politice și diplomație
1229:
1169:
1003:
811:
721:
1762:
1240:
1233:
1062:
1050:
946:
887:
831:
781:
678:
599:
595:
579:
534:
428:
1461:
1359:
1097:
1022:
815:
607:
306:
1496:
1216:
was changed while in Soviet service. In this sense, five 37 mm (1.5 in)/
1146:
686:
647:
528:
464:
452:
976:
On 15 April 1920, the monitor was reassigned to
Romania and received the name
796:
787:
769:
682:
540:
518:
421:
1504:
1443:
Nicolae
Koslinski (1989). "Monitoarele românești în războiul antihitlerist".
1560:
631:
569:
1157:
captured an armed barge which was handed over at Zimnicea. On 1 September,
1133:
with the mission of preventing German troops from crossing the Danube from
1070:
906:
902:
1232:
machine guns were installed. The ship was also modified to accommodate a
1142:
1134:
978:
954:
855:
800:
758:
690:
220:
1499:: Editura Muzeului Naţional al Marinei Române. 2023. pp. 295–296.
1130:
1034:
933:. On 19 October, she was ordered to retreat to Severin. On 22 October,
922:
879:
839:
157:
905:
as to avoid the Romanian artillery fire from the batteries mounted in
850:
in the engagement. Returning to Belene, the monitors were attacked by
1058:
930:
914:
725:
327:
724:
was narrowed and shortened to present a smaller target, as were the
890:
and Budapest for the winter, returning to the front in March 1917.
1104:, the ship joined the 3rd River Group which consisted of monitors
1096:
was stationed on the Vâlciu branch, upstream of Brăila. Moving to
1010:
on the sides of the upper deck, and a 13.2 mm (0.52 in)
950:
918:
847:
729:
1225:
643:
587:
78:
1564:
965:
was moved to Belgrade for repairs, where she was taken by the
626:
As part of an Austro-Hungarian 1914–15 Naval Program, The SMS
1188:. Unsuccessful in their attempts, the two ships departed for
1521:
Kálmán, Hardy (1931). "Dunai flottillánk a világháborúban".
1073:
Tactical Detachment until 1942, when she was brought to the
1006:
installed on the upper deck, two 20 mm (0.79 in)
886:
with the other Austro-Hungarian monitors were stationed in
814:
with four other monitors and four patrol boats. After the
874:
and landed troops that captured the islands. In October,
749:
was launched on 31 May 1915 and entered service with the
728:
and the mast. The reserve command was also moved to the
1382:
Pawlik, Georg; Christ, Heinz; Winkler, Herbert (1989).
945:
were engaged by the French artillery which had reached
773:. On 7 October 1915, the monitor group was replaced by
720:
had a reduced ship profile to aid in camouflaging. The
1045:
against the Soviet artillery and monitors located in
1386:(in German). Graz: H. Weishaupt Verlag. p. 82.
1145:/Old Danube arm. The two monitors continued towards
685:(1,160 kW), providing the ship a speed of 13.5
660:-class represented an improvement over the previous
1748:
List of river monitors of the Austro-Hungarian Navy
1683:
1645:
1601:
1544:
Danube Monitors - From the first to the Nuclear age
1239:On 28 February 1948, she was placed in reserve and
969:on 31 December and placed in service with the name
1125:. Under the command of Captain Dumitru Comănescu,
917:at Brăila while a monitor group was dispatched to
953:. Reaching Turnu Severin, the ships continued to
1377:
1375:
1373:
638:-class river monitors, was laid down in 1914 at
463:700 nmi (1,300 km; 810 mi) at 10
1542:Crăciunoiu, Cristian; Georgescu, Mihai (1995).
1462:"Речной монитор (Monitorul fluvial) тип "Sava""
846:and several other patrol boats, capturing four
358:General characteristics (initial configuration)
1176:and was unable to free herself. The next day,
1576:
732:, and better compartmentalization was tried.
594:until 1918, and after a brief service in the
8:
982:after one of the provinces that united into
925:caused the River Flotilla to be rearranged.
16:Austro-Hungarian then Romanian river monitor
1456:
1454:
1353:
1351:
1349:
1165:and both departed to Brăila. The same day,
1799:World War I naval ships of Austria-Hungary
1583:
1569:
1561:
1347:
1345:
1343:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1329:
838:bombarded the port and railway station of
697:consisted of two 66 mm (2.6 in)/
488:2 × 120 mm (4.7 in)/L10 howitzer
590:between 1914 and 1915. She served in the
921:. The worsening of the situation in the
1300:
1273:
753:on 15 September. She then took part in
675:vertical triple-expansion steam engines
442:vertical triple-expansion steam engines
1430:
1418:
1406:
830:) escorted the auxiliary ships to the
18:
967:Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
485:2 × 120 mm (4.7 in)/L45 gun
297:
190:
127:
122:Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
48:
7:
1310:Jane's Fighting Ships of World War I
1220:guns, two 20 mm (0.79 in)/
381:Standard: 580 tonnes (570 long tons)
38:(marked "Bc") in the interwar period
1809:World War II naval ships of Romania
1384:Die K.u.K. Donauflottille 1870–1918
402:10.3 m (33 ft 10 in)
1308:Jane's Information Group (1990) .
1061:. After the Soviet ships left the
14:
394:62 m (203 ft 5 in)
1804:Ships of the Royal Yugoslav Navy
1685:
1647:
1603:
1358:Ganciu, Cristian (1 June 2018).
751:Austro-Hungarian Danube Flotilla
592:Austro-Hungarian Danube Flotilla
410:1.3 m (4 ft 3 in)
384:Full: 650 tonnes (640 long tons)
299:
192:
129:
50:
28:
1141:, she captured 76 ships on the
701:, two 47 mm (1.9 in)/
455:(25.0 km/h; 15.5 mph)
1774:Ships built in Austria-Hungary
1033:and one other monitor and two
640:Stabilimento Tecnico Triestino
584:Stabilimento Tecnico Triestino
1:
1814:Monitors of the Romanian Navy
1546:. Modelism Publishing House.
1530:(in Hungarian). Vol. 32.
1228:heavy machine guns, and four
872:Battle of Cinghinarele Island
503:7 × 8 mm (0.31 in)/
497:2 × 47 mm (1.9 in)/
491:2 × 66 mm (2.6 in)/
803:and spent the winter there.
622:Description and construction
1819:Monitors of the Soviet Navy
1447:(in Romanian). No. 24.
1312:. London: Studio Editions.
1053:. Artillery duels with the
1012:Hotchkiss heavy machine gun
531:: 25 mm (0.98 in)
467:(19 km/h; 12 mph)
353:Returned to Romania in 1951
1835:
1180:returned with the tugboat
1077:for repairs and upgrades.
986:. She was assigned to the
681:which produced 1,560
598:, she was assigned to the
543:: 50 mm (2.0 in)
537:: 50 mm (2.0 in)
525:: 40 mm (1.6 in)
1779:Sava-class river monitors
1743:
1720:
1524:Hadtörténelmi Közlemények
357:
43:
27:
994:Interwar to World War II
988:Romanian Danube Flotilla
901:. She was then moved to
870:fought in the battle of
707:Schwarzlose machine guns
604:Romanian Danube Flotilla
505:Schwarzlose machine guns
475:91 officers and enlisted
998:Between 1936 and 1937,
959:British Danube Flotilla
610:, she ran aground near
1254:. She was returned to
1055:Soviet Danube Flotilla
913:remained to guard the
816:attack on 27/28 August
695:Anti-aircraft armament
1794:World War II monitors
1611:Austro-Hungarian Navy
1595:-class river monitors
1184:and attempted to aid
893:Throughout May 1917,
566:Austro-Hungarian Navy
137:Kingdom of Yugoslavia
1789:World War I monitors
1360:"Monitorul BUCOVINA"
1282:Ballon-Abwehr Kanone
1069:was assigned to the
1043:counter-battery fire
897:was attacked by the
799:. She then moved to
370:-class river monitor
1693:Royal Yugoslav Navy
1655:Royal Romanian Navy
1174:Ostrovul Ciocănești
1102:King Michael's coup
1092:On 23 August 1944,
854:and artillery from
795:was transferred to
612:Ostrovul Ciocănești
602:. Serving with the
24:
1466:navyworld.narod.ru
1364:rumaniamilitary.ro
1019:Romania's campaign
990:in December 1920.
929:was thus moved to
646:together with her
200:Kingdom of Romania
185:Kingdom of Romania
183:Reassigned to the
120:Taken over by the
19:
1756:
1755:
1319:978-1-85170-378-4
1121:, and was led by
852:Romanian aviation
810:was stationed at
791:. On 16 October,
568:service, was the
549:
548:
337:18 September 1944
246:18 September 1944
104:15 September 1915
1826:
1784:Riverine warfare
1691:
1689:
1688:
1653:
1651:
1650:
1609:
1607:
1606:
1585:
1578:
1571:
1562:
1557:
1531:
1529:
1509:
1508:
1495:. Vol. XI.
1494:
1484:
1478:
1477:
1475:
1473:
1458:
1449:
1448:
1445:Revista Modelism
1440:
1434:
1428:
1422:
1416:
1410:
1404:
1398:
1397:
1379:
1368:
1367:
1355:
1324:
1323:
1305:
1289:
1278:
1253:
1236:of 50 soldiers.
1212:The armament of
1119:
1017:At the start of
899:Russian aviation
862:and patrol boat
834:. In September,
712:Compared to the
677:supplied by two
345:28 February 1948
309:
304:
303:
302:
285:Scrapped in 1959
202:
197:
196:
195:
167:31 December 1918
139:
134:
133:
132:
60:
55:
54:
53:
32:
25:
1834:
1833:
1829:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1824:
1823:
1759:
1758:
1757:
1752:
1739:
1716:
1686:
1684:
1679:
1648:
1646:
1641:
1604:
1602:
1597:
1589:
1554:
1541:
1538:
1536:Further reading
1527:
1520:
1517:
1512:
1492:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1471:
1469:
1460:
1459:
1452:
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1437:
1429:
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1371:
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1356:
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1298:
1293:
1292:
1279:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1247:
1210:
1113:
1086:Flakvierling 38
1075:Galați shipyard
1065:of the Danube,
996:
984:Greater Romania
743:
738:
736:Service history
624:
424:(1,160 kW)
415:Installed power
305:
300:
298:
238:1 December 1957
198:
193:
191:
135:
130:
128:
58:Austria-Hungary
56:
51:
49:
39:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1832:
1830:
1822:
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1816:
1811:
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1801:
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1760:
1754:
1753:
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1744:
1741:
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1738:
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1721:
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1717:
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1659:
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1643:
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1588:
1587:
1580:
1573:
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1559:
1558:
1552:
1537:
1534:
1533:
1532:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1510:
1479:
1450:
1435:
1433:, p. 226.
1423:
1421:, p. 210.
1411:
1409:, p. 203.
1399:
1392:
1369:
1366:(in Romanian).
1325:
1318:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1230:SG-43 Goryunov
1224:cannons, four
1209:
1206:
1151:Turnu Măgurele
1029:together with
995:
992:
937:and the ships
755:the operations
742:
739:
737:
734:
722:superstructure
679:Yarrow boilers
623:
620:
580:river monitors
547:
546:
545:
544:
538:
532:
526:
514:
510:
509:
508:
507:
501:
495:
489:
486:
481:
477:
476:
473:
469:
468:
461:
457:
456:
449:
445:
444:
438:
434:
433:
432:
431:
429:Yarrow boilers
425:
416:
412:
411:
408:
404:
403:
400:
396:
395:
392:
388:
387:
386:
385:
382:
377:
373:
372:
364:
363:Class and type
360:
359:
355:
354:
351:
347:
346:
343:
342:Decommissioned
339:
338:
335:
331:
330:
325:
321:
320:
315:
311:
310:
295:
294:
291:
287:
286:
283:
279:
278:
277:12 August 1951
275:
271:
270:
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263:
262:
261:
260:
257:
252:
248:
247:
244:
243:Out of service
240:
239:
236:
235:Decommissioned
232:
231:
228:
224:
223:
218:
214:
213:
208:
204:
203:
188:
187:
181:
177:
176:
173:
172:Out of service
169:
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165:
161:
160:
155:
151:
150:
145:
141:
140:
125:
124:
118:
114:
113:
110:
109:Out of service
106:
105:
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98:
97:
94:
90:
89:
86:
82:
81:
76:
72:
71:
66:
62:
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33:
15:
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1770:
1767:
1766:
1764:
1749:
1746:
1745:
1742:
1736:
1733:Followed by:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1724:Preceded by:
1723:
1722:
1719:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1703:
1699:
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1696:
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1555:
1553:9789739749732
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1395:
1393:9783900310455
1389:
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1235:
1234:landing party
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
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1171:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
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1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1129:departed for
1128:
1124:
1120:
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1103:
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1090:
1087:
1083:
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1024:
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1005:
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989:
985:
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948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
891:
889:
888:Turnu Severin
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
832:Belene Island
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
804:
802:
798:
794:
790:
789:
784:
783:
778:
777:
772:
771:
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760:
756:
752:
748:
740:
735:
733:
731:
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723:
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1515:Bibliography
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1470:. Retrieved
1468:(in Russian)
1465:
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1426:
1414:
1402:
1383:
1363:
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1281:
1280:BAK meaning
1276:
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1222:Oerlikon Mk4
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1047:Giurgiulești
1041:and conduct
1030:
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1023:World War II
1016:
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608:World War II
574:
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376:Displacement
367:
317:
307:Soviet Union
210:
147:
68:
35:
21:
1472:1 September
1431:Kálmán 1931
1419:Kálmán 1931
1407:Kálmán 1931
1248: [
1170:ran aground
1114: [
1039:Fourth Army
909:. In 1918,
842:along with
741:World War I
648:sister ship
541:Gun turrets
420:1,560
96:31 May 1915
1769:1915 ships
1763:Categories
1707:Temes (II)
1629:Temes (II)
1263:References
1241:mothballed
1192:, leaving
1100:after the
1063:Chilia arm
947:Lom-Palank
824:Temes (II)
705:and seven
472:Complement
437:Propulsion
274:Reinstated
158:Soča River
101:In service
79:Sava River
1634:SMS
1627:SMS
1619:SMS
1505:2601-1999
1497:Constanța
1296:Citations
1245:Kyslytsia
1178:Basarabia
1159:Basarabia
1147:Cernavodă
1139:Basarabia
1123:Basarabia
1082:Basarabia
806:In 1916,
632:lead ship
582:built by
570:lead ship
523:bulkheads
259:1942–1943
256:1936–1937
85:Laid down
1665:Bucovina
1284:or anti-
1208:Post-war
1198:Bucovina
1194:Bucovina
1190:Călărași
1186:Bucovina
1167:Bucovina
1163:Bucovina
1161:reached
1155:Bucovina
1135:Bulgaria
1127:Bucovina
1111:Lahovary
1094:Bucovina
1067:Bucovina
1035:gunboats
1027:Bucovina
1000:Bucovina
979:Bucovina
955:Novi Sad
856:Zimnicea
801:Budapest
759:Belgrade
716:-class,
703:L44 guns
691:fuel oil
557:, named
554:Bucovina
499:L44 guns
480:Armament
334:Acquired
324:Namesake
266:Stricken
227:Acquired
221:Bucovina
217:Namesake
211:Bucovina
164:Acquired
154:Namesake
93:Launched
75:Namesake
36:Bucovina
22:Bucovina
1286:balloon
1256:Romania
1218:63 70-K
1182:Basarab
1131:Giurgiu
1098:Hârșova
1004:SK C/30
923:Balkans
880:Giurgiu
840:Calafat
797:Pančevo
757:around
699:L26 BAK
634:of the
572:of the
493:L26 BAK
407:Draught
44:History
1702:Vardar
1690:
1652:
1608:
1550:
1503:
1390:
1316:
1288:cannon
1214:Izmail
1202:Izmail
1106:Ardeal
1071:Vâlcov
1059:Izmail
1031:Ardeal
939:Barsch
931:Sulina
915:Danube
907:Galați
903:Brăila
864:Csucka
848:barges
785:, and
770:Leitha
767:, and
726:funnel
665:-class
656:. The
616:Izmail
577:-class
513:Armour
391:Length
328:Izmail
318:Izmail
1729:class
1711:Bosna
1709:, ex-
1672:, ex-
1636:Bosna
1528:(PDF)
1493:(PDF)
1268:Notes
1252:]
1172:near
1143:Măcin
1118:]
951:Vidin
919:Odesa
828:Bosna
788:Temes
764:Körös
761:with
730:stern
687:knots
653:Bosna
465:knots
460:Range
453:knots
451:13.5
448:Speed
290:Notes
251:Refit
1735:None
1727:Enns
1705:(ex-
1674:Soča
1670:Sava
1668:(ex-
1663:NMS
1621:Sava
1593:Sava
1548:ISBN
1501:ISSN
1474:2024
1388:ISBN
1314:ISBN
1226:DShK
1051:Reni
1049:and
971:Soča
963:Sava
949:and
941:and
935:Sava
927:Sava
911:Sava
895:Sava
884:Sava
876:Sava
868:Sava
836:Sava
822:and
820:Sava
812:Ruse
808:Sava
793:Sava
776:Enns
747:Sava
745:SMS
718:Sava
714:Enns
671:Sava
663:Enns
658:Sava
651:SMS
644:Linz
636:Sava
628:Sava
588:Linz
575:Sava
561:Sava
559:SMS
552:NMS
529:Deck
521:and
519:Belt
399:Beam
368:Sava
350:Fate
314:Name
282:Fate
269:1958
207:Name
180:Fate
148:Soča
144:Name
117:Fate
112:1918
88:1914
69:Sava
65:Name
34:NMS
20:NMS
1243:at
1021:of
1008:C38
943:Una
860:Inn
844:Inn
782:Inn
683:ihp
642:in
606:in
586:of
564:in
422:ihp
1765::
1632:/
1464:.
1453:^
1372:^
1362:.
1328:^
1250:uk
1204:.
1116:ro
1108:,
1025:,
973:.
961:.
882:.
866:,
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779:,
709:.
667:.
630:,
440:2
427:2
1713:)
1676:)
1584:e
1577:t
1570:v
1556:.
1507:.
1476:.
1396:.
1322:.
826:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
