659:
735:
1467:
691:
528:
may be heard as approximants in intervocalic positions. It may also be pronounced as a uvular trill when before back vowels in intervocalic positions.
728:
708:
1491:
1496:
1460:
721:
1453:
1163:
687:
1225:
762:
107:
1158:
1486:
224:, the Kuka and the Medogo, that represent the three dialects in which Naba is subdivided. They live mainly in the
744:
229:
102:
56:
771:
1233:
1296:
1433:
754:
658:
616:
604:
590:
583:
571:
564:
525:
519:
512:
506:
493:
488:
483:
465:
449:
444:
439:
434:
422:
413:
409:
404:
386:
381:
365:
360:
355:
350:
344:
334:
330:
325:
321:
316:
312:
307:
303:
209:
96:
783:
1210:
893:
375:
59:
1197:
1032:
681:
265:
1373:
1368:
1268:
1248:
1215:
948:
863:
848:
821:
809:
804:
280:
270:
112:
1347:
1332:
1097:
1037:
953:
871:
458:
260:
225:
52:
1398:
1337:
1327:
1286:
1150:
1113:
877:
522:
are heard as palatal stop sounds when affected by fortition in pre-consonantal positions.
429:
275:
239:
88:
1437:
1414:
1281:
1276:
1253:
1243:
1173:
1140:
1052:
1042:
1024:
990:
985:
938:
923:
908:
903:
835:
815:
788:
153:
20:
196:
1480:
1342:
1311:
1238:
1205:
1168:
1081:
1065:
1060:
1005:
1000:
995:
969:
943:
898:
883:
853:
843:
547:
1352:
1258:
1010:
888:
160:
238:
estimates the lexical similarity among the three dialects to be no less than 99%.
559:
542:
478:
217:
69:
651:
597:
552:
234:
713:
578:
399:
292:
189:
173:
646:
180:
287:
221:
220:, a collective name for three closely associated ethnic groups, the
213:
42:
717:
622:
A central may be heard in fast speech and in vowel epenthesis.
509:
can also be heard as in initial position, in free variation.
1441:
515:
can also be heard as when in intervocalic positions.
1390:
1361:
1320:
1304:
1295:
1267:
1224:
1196:
1189:
1149:
1133:
1126:
1106:
1090:
1074:
1051:
1023:
978:
962:
931:
922:
862:
834:
797:
770:
761:
187:
171:
166:
150:
132:
85:
75:
65:
48:
38:
28:
1461:
729:
8:
1176:(DaraâGboko, KreshâHofra, Naka, Ndogo, Woro)
216:. Those who speak this language are called
1468:
1454:
1301:
1193:
1130:
928:
776:
767:
736:
722:
714:
619:have allophones when in closed syllables.
212:spoken by approximately 500,000 people in
25:
690:) CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
676:. Afrika und Ăbersee 95. pp. 76â134.
536:
254:
632:
679:
242:is often spoken as a second language.
642:
640:
638:
636:
131:
7:
1429:
1427:
16:Nilo-Saharan language spoken in Chad
674:A phonological description of Naba
14:
657:
672:Scherrer, Elaine Marie (2022).
709:A paper on an aspect of Bilala
1:
1440:. You can help Knowledge by
755:Nilo-Saharan language family
595:
557:
1497:Nilo-Saharan language stubs
228:, but the Kuka are also in
1513:
1426:
18:
1408:
779:
751:
745:Central Sudanic languages
477:
457:
428:
398:
286:
257:
33:
686:: CS1 maint: location (
19:Not to be confused with
1492:BongoâBagirmi languages
1436:ârelated article is a
1434:Nilo-Saharan languages
753:Part of the proposed
210:Nilo-Saharan language
81:510,000 (2019)
1487:Languages of Chad
1449:
1448:
1421:
1420:
1415:extinct languages
1386:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1185:
1184:
1177:
1122:
1121:
1019:
1018:
830:
829:
655:(27th ed., 2024)
612:
611:
518:Affricate sounds
503:
502:
203:
202:
1504:
1470:
1463:
1456:
1428:
1302:
1194:
1175:
1131:
929:
777:
768:
738:
731:
724:
715:
696:
695:
685:
677:
669:
663:
662:
661:
644:
618:
606:
592:
585:
573:
566:
537:
527:
521:
514:
508:
495:
490:
485:
467:
451:
446:
441:
436:
424:
415:
411:
406:
388:
383:
378:
367:
362:
357:
352:
347:
336:
332:
327:
323:
318:
314:
309:
305:
299:
255:
226:Batha Prefecture
199:
183:
176:
156:
91:
26:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1506:
1505:
1503:
1502:
1501:
1477:
1476:
1475:
1474:
1424:
1422:
1417:
1404:
1399:Mimi of Decorse
1378:
1357:
1316:
1291:
1263:
1220:
1181:
1145:
1118:
1102:
1086:
1070:
1047:
1015:
974:
958:
918:
858:
826:
793:
757:
747:
742:
705:
700:
699:
678:
671:
670:
666:
656:
645:
634:
629:
535:
374:
343:
297:
291:
253:
248:
195:
179:
172:
157:
152:
128:
103:Central Sudanic
92:
89:Language family
87:
78:
77:Native speakers
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1510:
1508:
1500:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1479:
1478:
1473:
1472:
1465:
1458:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1419:
1418:
1409:
1406:
1405:
1403:
1402:
1394:
1392:
1388:
1387:
1384:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1376:
1371:
1365:
1363:
1362:Southern Ma'di
1359:
1358:
1356:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1324:
1322:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1314:
1308:
1306:
1299:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1273:
1271:
1265:
1264:
1262:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1230:
1228:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1202:
1200:
1191:
1190:LenduâMangbetu
1187:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1179:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1155:
1153:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1143:
1137:
1135:
1128:
1124:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1116:
1110:
1108:
1104:
1103:
1101:
1100:
1094:
1092:
1088:
1087:
1085:
1084:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1068:
1063:
1057:
1055:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1029:
1027:
1021:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1014:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
982:
980:
976:
975:
973:
972:
966:
964:
960:
959:
957:
956:
951:
946:
941:
935:
933:
926:
920:
919:
917:
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
891:
886:
881:
874:
868:
866:
860:
859:
857:
856:
851:
846:
840:
838:
832:
831:
828:
827:
825:
824:
819:
812:
807:
801:
799:
795:
794:
792:
791:
786:
780:
774:
765:
759:
758:
752:
749:
748:
743:
741:
740:
733:
726:
718:
712:
711:
704:
703:External links
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698:
697:
664:
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623:
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531:
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523:
516:
510:
501:
500:
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496:
491:
486:
481:
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463:
461:
455:
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447:
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437:
432:
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425:
420:
418:
416:
407:
402:
396:
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389:
384:
379:
371:
370:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
340:
339:
337:
328:
319:
310:
300:
295:
284:
283:
278:
273:
268:
263:
258:
252:
249:
247:
244:
230:Chari-Baguirmi
201:
200:
193:
185:
184:
177:
169:
168:
167:Language codes
164:
163:
158:
154:Writing system
151:
148:
147:
146:
145:
142:
139:
134:
130:
129:
127:
126:
125:
124:
123:
122:
121:
120:
95:
93:
86:
83:
82:
79:
76:
73:
72:
67:
63:
62:
57:Chari-Baguirmi
50:
46:
45:
40:
39:Native to
36:
35:
31:
30:
21:Naaba language
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1509:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1471:
1466:
1464:
1459:
1457:
1452:
1451:
1445:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1416:
1412:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1360:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1323:
1321:Central Ma'di
1319:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1294:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1274:
1272:
1270:
1266:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1226:MangbutuâLese
1223:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1198:MangbetuâAsoa
1195:
1192:
1188:
1178:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1148:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1125:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1105:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1093:
1089:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1073:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1050:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
983:
981:
977:
971:
968:
967:
965:
961:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
939:Kabba of Gore
937:
936:
934:
930:
927:
925:
921:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
879:
875:
873:
870:
869:
867:
865:
861:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
841:
839:
837:
833:
823:
820:
818:
817:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
802:
800:
798:MorokodoâBeli
796:
790:
787:
785:
782:
781:
778:
775:
773:
769:
766:
764:
763:BongoâBagirmi
760:
756:
750:
746:
739:
734:
732:
727:
725:
720:
719:
716:
710:
707:
706:
702:
693:
689:
683:
675:
668:
665:
660:
654:
653:
648:
643:
641:
639:
637:
633:
626:
621:
614:
613:
608:
603:
601:
599:
596:
589:
587:
582:
580:
577:
576:
570:
568:
563:
561:
558:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
539:
538:
532:
524:
517:
511:
505:
504:
499:
497:
492:
487:
482:
480:
476:
473:
471:
469:
464:
462:
460:
456:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
431:
427:
421:
419:
417:
408:
403:
401:
397:
394:
392:
390:
385:
380:
377:
373:
372:
369:
364:
359:
354:
349:
346:
342:
341:
338:
329:
320:
311:
301:
296:
294:
289:
285:
282:
279:
277:
274:
272:
269:
267:
264:
262:
259:
256:
250:
245:
243:
241:
237:
236:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
198:
194:
192:
191:
186:
182:
178:
175:
170:
165:
162:
159:
155:
149:
143:
140:
137:
136:
135:
119:
116:
115:
114:
111:
110:
109:
108:BongoâBagirmi
106:
105:
104:
101:
100:
98:
94:
90:
84:
80:
74:
71:
68:
64:
61:
58:
54:
51:
47:
44:
41:
37:
32:
27:
22:
1442:expanding it
1431:
1423:
1410:
1397:
913:
876:
814:
673:
667:
650:
233:
205:
204:
188:
117:
97:Nilo-Saharan
1127:BirriâKresh
479:Approximant
60:prefectures
34:Tar Melbene
1481:Categories
772:BongoâBaka
652:Ethnologue
627:References
251:Consonants
235:Ethnologue
1413:indicate
1297:MoruâMadi
1033:Kaba Deme
682:cite book
617:/i,u,e,o/
400:Fricative
376:implosive
293:Affricate
246:Phonology
190:Glottolog
174:ISO 639-3
66:Ethnicity
1249:Mangbutu
1216:Mangbetu
1091:Fongoro?
949:Lau Laka
849:Tar Gula
822:Morokodo
810:Jur Modo
805:Jur Beli
345:prenasal
306:)
266:Alveolar
197:naba1253
133:Dialects
1411:Italics
1391:Mimi-D?
1348:Lugbara
1333:Avokaya
1269:Lenduic
1107:Sinyar?
1098:Fongoro
1038:Kaba Na
963:Central
954:Ngambay
864:Bagirmi
615:Vowels
548:Central
520:/tÊ,dÊ/
412:
333:
324:
315:
288:Plosive
281:Glottal
271:Palatal
144:Mendogo
113:Bagirmi
1374:Olu'bo
1338:Keliko
1328:Aringa
1287:Ndrulo
1174:Kresh
1114:Sinyar
878:Beraku
533:Vowels
459:Rhotic
261:Labial
240:Arabic
222:Bilala
138:Bilala
49:Region
1432:This
1369:Ma'di
1282:Ngiti
1277:Lendu
1254:Mvuba
1244:Mamvu
1234:Bendi
1211:Lombi
1164:Dongo
1151:Kresh
1141:Birri
1134:Birri
1043:Kulfa
991:Gulay
986:Dagba
909:Morom
904:Kenga
872:Barma
816:Mittu
789:Bongo
560:Close
543:Front
430:Nasal
298:plain
276:Velar
208:is a
161:Latin
53:Batha
1438:stub
1343:Logo
1312:Moru
1305:Moru
1239:Lese
1206:Asoa
1169:Furu
1082:Yulu
1075:Yulu
1066:Vale
1061:Ruto
1053:Vale
1025:Kaba
1006:Ngam
1001:Mbay
996:Horo
979:West
970:Doba
944:Laka
932:East
924:Sara
914:Naba
899:Jaya
894:Gula
884:Disa
854:Yulu
844:Furu
836:Kara
784:Baka
692:link
688:link
647:Naba
598:Open
553:Back
513:/tÊ/
218:Lisi
214:Chad
206:Naba
141:Kuka
118:Naba
70:Lisi
43:Chad
29:Naba
1353:Omi
1259:Ndo
1159:Aja
1011:Sar
889:Fer
649:at
579:Mid
526:/r/
507:/f/
466:r/É»
361:âżdÊ
181:mne
55:,
1483::
684:}}
680:{{
635:^
366:á”ÉĄ
356:âżd
351:á”b
326:dÊ
322:tÊ
232:.
99:?
1469:e
1462:t
1455:v
1444:.
737:e
730:t
723:v
694:)
605:a
591:o
584:e
572:u
565:i
494:j
489:l
484:w
450:Ć
445:ÉČ
440:n
435:m
423:h
414:z
410:s
405:f
387:É
382:É
335:ÉĄ
331:k
317:d
313:t
308:b
304:p
302:(
290:/
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.