146:), but from the middle subgroups and particularly the climbers. The converts were provided protection by the missionaries from the oppressions of Nadan landlords. With their traditional dominance threatened, the Nadans became the missionaries' greatest adversaries. Many Nadans supported anti-Christian societies such as the Vibuthi Sangam(the Sacred Ashes Society). However, by the 1860s the opposition of the Nadans began to wane. Eventually a few Nadans actually converted to
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until the issue was solved through campaigning movements and legislation. They claim that they were stripped of their rights and privileges due to the Nayak invasion. The Nadar community was then divided into different opposing groups, with each Nadar climber owing allegiance to a Nadan family. The control of the lands may pass from one Nadan to another but the climbers remained always with the trees assigned to them.
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Despite their great wealth and power the Nadans, however, were considered as a portion of the greater class of Nadars and were denied entrance into temples built by higher castes. The Nadans shared the pollution of the lowest climbers. The Nadans would not enter Hindu temples built by higher castes
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During the 1960s, the Nadan families had some aura of aristocracy and authority. The distinctions that separated them from the rest of the Nadar community were largely gone, as the Nadar climbers gained wealth. The once Nadar climbers are today widely into education, business and other important
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priest would show deference to the position of the Nadan lords. They rode horses and would buy slaves to work in their houses to retain their proud customs. The Nadan women followed strict gosha, revealing themselves only to the men of their own household, and rode in covered
126:, where they constructed one of its pavilions. They usually donated the huge wooden car to the temple and in return were given the privilege to be the first to touch the rope which would pull the car through the streets during festival times.
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Gazetteers of India Tamil Nadu state: Thoothukudi district by
Sinnakani: Copyrighted by the Government of Tamil Nadu,Commissioner of archives and Historical Research Page 240
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Gazetteers of India Tamil Nadu state: Thoothukudi district by
Sinnakani: Copyrighted by the Government of Tamil Nadu,Commissioner of archives and Historical Research Page 234
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In 1680, the first congregation of Nadars was started at
Vadakkankulam with the conversion of a Nadar woman. The Nadar converts came neither from the lowest sections (
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were totally dependent on these powerful landlords and treated them with great respect. In the regions dominated by the Nadans, even the
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In the Shadow of the
Mahatma: Bishop vs Azariah and the Travails of Christianity in British India. By Susan Billington Harper
110:. The Nadans built Hindu temples and also met the costs of festival expenses. The oldest and highest Nadans were the
65:. The Nadans possessed vast tracts of land and were one of the few subcastes among the Nadars to have practiced
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As hereditary tax collectors, the Nadans held civil authority over the lands in their control. The term
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climbers on the lands of aristocratic Nadans in the eastern portion of
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of
Kayamozhi, who claimed they were the descendants of
215:. University of California Press. pp. 29–30.
200:. University of California Press. pp. 29–33.
337:. University of California Press. p. 219.
256:Mān̳āḍu:a social-history of Mān̳avīra Vaḷanāḍu
61:rule and also served as petty lords under the
322:. University of California Press. p. 56.
296:. University of California Press. p. 51.
281:. University of California Press. p. 31.
244:. University of California Press. p. 30.
174:Distinctions within the Nadar community today
27:Sub-caste of Nadar caste in Tamil Nadu, India
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142:) of the castes nor from the highest (
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45:from the regions south of the
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49:in the present-day state of
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335:The Nadars of Tamil Nadu
320:The Nadars of Tamil Nadu
294:The Nadars of Tamil Nadu
279:The Nadars of Tamil Nadu
242:The Nadars of Tamil Nadu
213:The Nadars of Tamil Nadu
198:The Nadars of Tamil Nadu
158:The Nadar climbers of
41:group of aristocratic
18:Nadan (Nadar subcaste)
134:Opposing Christianity
154:Nadars of Travancore
160:Southern Travancore
47:Thamirabarani River
333:Robert Hardgrave.
318:Robert Hardgrave.
292:Robert Hardgrave.
277:Robert Hardgrave.
240:Robert Hardgrave.
211:Robert Hardgrave.
196:Robert Hardgrave.
101:accountant or the
33:(also referred as
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75:lords of the land
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69:. The term
67:aristocracy
349:Categories
183:References
162:served as
122:temple in
108:palanquins
51:Tamil Nadu
39:endogamous
179:fields.
112:Adityans
99:Vellalar
63:poligars
164:palmyra
103:Brahmin
81:History
59:Pandyan
144:Nadans
93:. The
89:means
73:means
43:Nadars
31:Nadans
120:Shiva
116:Surya
87:Nadan
71:Nadan
55:Nayak
57:and
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221:^
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