719:
767:
664:
Again more violence erupted, leaving some 10,000 Armenians dead and 45 Armenian villages destroyed. Meanwhile, feeling the situation to be hopeless and unable to maintain any control over the area, the
British decided to withdraw from the region in mid-1919. Still, fighting between Armenians and Azeris continued and after a series of skirmishes that took place throughout the Nakhichevan district, a ceasefire was agreed. This lasted only briefly, and by early March 1920, more fighting broke out, primarily in Karabakh between Karabakh Armenians and Azerbaijan's regular army. This triggered conflicts in other areas with mixed populations, including Nakhichevan.
90:
423:
696:, although welcoming this act of "great Soviet fraternity" where "boundaries had no meaning among the family of Soviet peoples," did not agree with the motion and instead called for the people of Nakhichevan to be consulted in a referendum. According to the formal figures of this referendum, held at the beginning of 1921, 90% of Nakhichevan's population wanted to be included in the Azerbaijan SSR "with the rights of an autonomous republic." The decision to make Nakhichevan a part of modern-day Azerbaijan was cemented 16 March 1921 in the
102:
398:
137:
1450:
815:
791:, which mostly came from the adjoining Aras River, brought serious harm to the region. At any one time, between 70% and 85% of Nakhichevan's population was infected with malaria, and in the region of Norashen (present-day Sharur) almost 100% were struck with the disease. This situation improved dramatically under Soviet rule. Malaria was sharply reduced and trachoma, typhus, and relapsing fever were eliminated.
119:
630:, British Chief Commissioner in the South Caucasus, made a border proposal to solve the conflict. According to Wardrop, Armenian claims against Azerbaijan should not go beyond the administrative borders of the former Erivan Governorate (which under prior Imperial Russian rule encompassed Nakhichevan), while Azerbaijan was to be limited to the governorates of
638:. This proposal was rejected by both Armenians (who did not wish to give up their claims to Qazakh, Zangezur and Nagorno-Karabakh) and Azeris (who found it unacceptable to give up their claims to Nakhichevan). As disputes between both countries continued, it soon became apparent that the fragile peace under British occupation would not last.
653:
in the
Nakhichevan uyezd of the former Erivan Governorate assigned to Armenia by Wardrop. The Armenian government did not recognize the new state and sent its troops into the region to take control of it. The conflict soon erupted into the violent Aras War. British journalist C.E. Bechhofer described
663:
By mid-June 1919, Armenia had established control over
Nakhichevan and the whole territory of the self-proclaimed republic. The fall of the Aras republic triggered an invasion by the regular Azerbaijani army and by the end of July, Armenian troops were forced to leave Nakhichevan City to the Azeris.
658:
You cannot persuade a party of frenzied nationalists that two blacks do not make a white; consequently, no day went by without a catalogue of complaints from both sides, Armenians and
Tartars , of unprovoked attacks, murders, village burnings and the like. Specifically, the situation was a series of
738:
As a constituent part of the Soviet Union, tensions lessened over the ethnic composition of
Nakhichevan or any territorial claims regarding it. Instead, it became an important point of industrial production with particular emphasis on the mining of minerals such as salt. Under Soviet rule, it was
826:
December 1989 saw unrest in
Nakhichevan as its Azeri inhabitants moved to physically dismantle the Soviet border with Iran to flee the area and meet their ethnic Azeri cousins in northern Iran. This action was angrily denounced by the Soviet leadership and the Soviet media accused the Azeris of
810:
to instigate a partial railway and air blockade against
Armenia, while another reason for the disruption of rail service to Armenia were attacks of Armenian forces on the trains entering the Armenian territory from Azerbaijan, which resulted in railroad personnel refusing to enter Armenia. This
684:, leader of Bolshevik Azerbaijan issued a declaration celebrating the "victory of Soviet power in Armenia," proclaimed that both Nakhichevan and Zangezur should be awarded to the Armenian people as a sign of the Azerbaijani people's support for Armenia's fight against the former DRA government:
805:
Armenians in
Nagorno-Karabakh noted similar though slower demographic trends and feared an eventual "de-Armenianization" of the area. When tensions between Armenians and Azeris were reignited in the late-1980s by the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, Azerbaijan's Popular Front managed to pressure the
704:
and Turkey. The agreement between Soviet Russia and Turkey also called for attachment of the former Sharur-Daralagez uyezd (which had a solid Azeri majority) to
Nakhichevan, thus allowing Turkey to share a border with the Azerbaijan SSR. This deal was reaffirmed on 23 October, in the
713:
The
Turkish Government and the Soviet Governments of Armenia and Azerbaijan are agreed that the region of Nakhchivan, within the limits specified by Annex III to the present Treaty, constitutes an autonomous territory under the protection of
778:
Facilities improved during Soviet times; education and public health especially began to see some major changes. In 1913, Nakhichevan only had two hospitals with a total of 20 beds. The region was plagued by widespread diseases including
579:, Nakhichevan was the scene of bloodshed between Armenians and Azerbaijanis, who both laid claim to the area. By 1914, the Armenian population had decreased slightly to 40% while the Azeri population increased to roughly 60%. After the
846:
811:
effectively crippled Armenia's economy, as 85% of the cargo and goods arrived through rail traffic. In response, Armenia closed the railway to Nakhichevan, thereby strangling the exclave's only link to the rest of the Soviet Union.
1552:
680:. In November, on the verge of taking over Armenia, the Bolsheviks, in order to attract public support, promised they would allot Nakhichevan to Armenia, along with Karabakh and Zangezur. This was fulfilled when
718:
1724:
2237:
688:
As of today, the old frontiers between Armenia and Azerbaijan are declared to be non-existent. Mountainous Karabakh, Zangezur and Nakhchivan are recognised to be integral parts of the Socialist Republic of
798:. In 1926, 15% of region's population was Armenian, but by 1979, this number had shrunk to 1.4%. The Azeri population, meanwhile increased substantially with both a higher birth rate and immigration from
107:
2157:
2119:
2019:
1944:
1829:
1822:
771:
2099:
2059:
1797:
619:(ADR). In June 1918, the region came under Ottoman occupation. The Ottomans proceeded to massacre 10,000 Armenians and razed 45 of their villages to the ground. Under the terms of the
2232:
2207:
1717:
2094:
2054:
1767:
1595:
865:
for supporting the coup. In late 1991, Aliyev consolidated his power base as chairman of the Nakhichevan Supreme Soviet and asserted Nakhichevan's near-total independence from
2217:
2202:
2079:
1864:
308:
905:
2227:
1934:
1894:
1710:
1585:
2222:
2114:
1787:
726:
So, on 16 March 1921 the Nakhichevan ASSR was established. On 9 February 1924, the Soviet Union officially placed the Nakhichevan ASSR under the jurisdiction of the
2034:
1807:
2039:
1999:
1929:
1879:
1849:
1844:
1416:
2247:
2089:
2084:
1994:
1969:
1964:
1954:
1854:
1812:
1792:
1782:
1752:
853:
in 1987. Soon after returning to Nakhichevan, Aliyev was elected to the local Supreme Soviet by an overwhelming majority. Aliyev subsequently resigned from the
588:
532:
487:
2009:
1939:
1772:
1757:
701:
2151:
2104:
2049:
2044:
2029:
2014:
1989:
1889:
1817:
1802:
1762:
1747:
89:
2212:
2109:
2004:
1984:
1949:
1899:
1884:
1874:
1869:
831:
of the Nakhichevan ASSR issued a declaration stating the intention for Nakhichevan to secede from the USSR to protest the Soviet Union's actions during
1303:
2069:
2064:
1839:
1834:
1662:
1657:
766:
1678:
513:
173:
1567:
1733:
794:
During the Soviet era, Nakhichevan saw a significant demographic shift. Its Armenian population gradually decreased as many emigrated to the
69:
858:
845:, the future president of Azerbaijan, returned to his birthplace of Nakhichevan in autumn 1990, after being ousted from his position in the
1438:
517:
325:
73:
2242:
854:
676:
invaded and occupied the region and on 28 July, declared the Nakhichevan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic with "close ties" to the
101:
1647:
1234:
1218:
1163:
1127:
1078:
1038:
1014:
952:
1512:
1652:
873:
623:, the Ottomans agreed to pull their troops out of the Transcaucasus to make way for the forthcoming British military presence.
555:
1521:
1454:
616:
612:
584:
491:
457:
416:
403:
348:
142:
1590:
521:
1626:
646:
1507:
889:
642:
1959:
1777:
1310:: Commemorative coins dedicated to 85th anniversary of Nakhchivan Autonomy Republic. Retrieved on 25 February 2010.
1631:
1557:
1431:
635:
544:
1702:
1690:
1486:
1362:
1300:
697:
277:
1616:
1621:
1260:
483:
1532:
1481:
1330:
673:
604:
536:
45:
528:. It was formed on 16 March 1921 and became a part of the Azerbaijan SSR proper on 9 February 1924.
1527:
1424:
620:
580:
475:
896:
for the 85th anniversary of the creation of the Nakhichevan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.
583:
of 1917, the region was placed under the authority of the Special Transcaucasian Committee of the
1517:
893:
760:
862:
535:
was introduced in 1937 and contained both Azerbaijani and Armenian text. In the 1940s, when the
1562:
1466:
1345:
1230:
1214:
1159:
1123:
1074:
1034:
1010:
948:
850:
756:
681:
449:
152:
1406:
1542:
1411:
1353:
1002:
650:
631:
592:
495:
59:
1307:
540:
136:
1055:
547:
with the Azerbaijani Cyrillic text "Нахчыван МССР" in gold and a dark blue bar along the
1600:
1066:
828:
807:
727:
706:
693:
677:
627:
479:
465:
461:
295:
490:
had been replaced by competing claims from the Democratic Republic of Armenia and the
2196:
1684:
1537:
842:
832:
600:
861:
against Gorbachev, he called for complete independence for Azerbaijan and denounced
814:
795:
525:
128:
118:
1285:
Azerbaijan: A Country Study: Aliyev and the Presidential Election of October 1993
1056:
Atlas of Conflicts: Armenia: Nation Building and Territorial Disputes: 1918–1920
936:
576:
17:
835:. It was the first part of the Soviet Union to declare independence, preceding
1502:
1497:
1449:
877:
611:
were heavily contested between the newly formed and short-lived states of the
559:
441:
1284:
188:
175:
1120:
Conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh, Abkhazia, and South Ossetia: A Legal Appraisal
973:
940:
836:
1174:
1213:
Thomas Ambrosio. Irredentism: Ethnic Conflict and International Politics.
1201:
924:
819:
780:
752:
596:
221:
1229:
Stuart J. Kaufman. Modern Hatreds: The Symbolic Politics of Ethnic War.
799:
788:
748:
470:
1369:
Nakhichevanskaya Avtonomnaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika
591:(TDFR) in 1918. When the TDFR was dissolved in May 1918, Nakhichevan,
1491:
784:
740:
608:
813:
765:
751:
railway. It also served as an important strategic area during the
717:
230:
974:"Нахичеванская Автономная Советская Социалистическая Республика"
866:
744:
548:
124:
1706:
1420:
1358:Нахичеванская Автономная Советская Социалистическая Республика
53:Нахичеванская Автономная Советская Социалистическая Республика
1350:Նախիջևանի Ինքնավար Խորհրդային Սոցիալիստական Հանրապետություն
1150:
1148:
1071:
Black Garden: Armenia And Azerbaijan Through Peace and War
1734:
Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics of the Soviet Union
827:"embracing Islamic fundamentalism". In January 1990, the
27:
Autonomous republic within the Azerbaijan SSR (1921–1990)
2238:
Subdivisions of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic
1031:
The Armenia–Azerbaijan Conflict: Causes and Implications
1156:
New States, New Politics: Building Post-Soviet Nations
945:
New States, New Politics: Building Post-Soviet Nations
1367:
1296:
1009:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 266.
1073:. New York: New York University Press, pp. 128–129.
1908:
1740:
1671:
1640:
1609:
1578:
1474:
641:In December 1918, with the support of Azerbaijan's
437:
345:
335:
318:
305:
292:
274:
256:
244:
227:
215:
208:
165:
158:
148:
34:
906:First Secretary of the Nakhichevan Communist Party
1381:
1339:
1334:
730:. Its constitution was adopted on 18 April 1926.
37:
722:Soviet postage stamp featuring Nakhichevan, 1974
709:. Article V of the treaty stated the following:
506:Nakhichevan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
35:Nakhichevan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
759:) and Iran (a close ally of the West until the
711:
686:
656:
498:had also declared Nakhichevan as its territory.
460:in 1920, the territory was theoretically under
2233:History of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic
2208:States and territories disestablished in 1990
1718:
1432:
1202:Armenia: A Country Study: The New Nationalism
1197:
1195:
968:
966:
964:
962:
960:
770:Cover of the Constitution of the Nakhichevan
589:Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic
488:Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic
51:
8:
1341:Naxçıvan Muxtar Sovet Sosialist Respublikası
1336:Нахчыван Мухтар Совет Сосиалист Республикасы
39:Нахчыван Мухтар Совет Сосиалист Республикасы
2218:1990 disestablishments in the Soviet Union
2203:States and territories established in 1921
1919:
1914:
1725:
1711:
1703:
1439:
1425:
1417:
135:
117:
31:
1553:Regional Committee of the Communist Party
1114:
1112:
802:(going from 85% in 1926 to 96% by 1979).
123:Location of the Nakhichevan ASSR between
2228:Autonomous republics of the Soviet Union
1259:Jr, NICK B. WILLIAMS (21 January 1990).
997:
995:
2223:Former countries of the interwar period
1323:
1050:
1048:
1046:
917:
207:
157:
147:
1261:"Soviet Enclave Declares Independence"
755:, sharing borders with both Turkey (a
543:, the previous flag was replaced by a
370:
366:
344:
334:
317:
304:
291:
273:
255:
251:
226:
214:
164:
7:
2248:1990 disestablishments in Azerbaijan
739:once a major junction on the Moscow–
872:On 19 November 1990, it became the
839:'s declaration by almost 2 months.
236:Proletarians of all regions, unite!
533:first flag of the Nakhichevan ASSR
25:
2213:1921 establishments in Azerbaijan
1568:2018 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes
1513:Erivan Province of Safavid Empire
1407:Great Soviet Encyclopedia article
892:minted a pair of gold and silver
587:and subsequently the short-lived
1448:
599:(today the Armenian province of
421:
396:
100:
88:
1301:Coins produced within 1992–2010
874:Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic
556:Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic
2181:Autonomous Republic since 1934
2176:Autonomous Republic since 1925
2171:Autonomous Republic since 1923
2166:Autonomous Republic since 1920
1455:Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic
1382:
1335:
978:Большая советская энциклопедия
925:Nakhchivan in the Soviet Union
626:Under British occupation, Sir
617:Azerbaijan Democratic Republic
613:Democratic Republic of Armenia
585:Russian Provisional Government
492:Azerbaijan Democratic Republic
458:Democratic Republic of Armenia
417:Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic
404:Azerbaijan Democratic Republic
143:Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic
1:
654:the situation in April 1920:
647:Jafargulu Khan Nakhichevanski
337:• Independence declared
743:railway line as well as the
603:and part of the province of
1368:
1154:Ian Bremmer and Ray Taras.
1140:Armenia–Azerbaijan Conflict
1091:Armenia–Azerbaijan Conflict
1007:Armenia: A Historical Atlas
890:National Bank of Azerbaijan
141:Modern subdivisions of the
2264:
2243:Former socialist republics
1297:Central Bank of Azerbaijan
1175:Text of the Treaty of Kars
818:Administrative map of the
537:Azerbaijani Latin alphabet
2136:
1917:
1558:Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
1548:Soviet Socialist Republic
1462:
1391:
1387:
1357:
1349:
1287:, The Library of Congress
1204:, The Library of Congress
494:. In addition, the Azeri
447:
375:
371:
367:
363:
320:• Transferred to the
252:
240:
204:
134:
116:
84:
79:
68:
52:
38:
1494:inscriptions in Ilandagh
1054:Dr Andrew Andersen, PhD
167: • Coordinates
1508:Karakoyunlu-Timurid war
1487:Painted Pottery culture
1306:19 January 2010 at the
1299:. Commemorative coins.
554:In 1990, it became the
265:Nakhichevan established
1617:Zangezur National Park
1412:Nakhichevan (Naxcivan)
1340:
1029:Michael P. Croissant.
878:Republic of Azerbaijan
823:
822:in the USSR, 1957–1991
775:
723:
716:
691:
661:
575:In the final years of
560:Republic of Azerbaijan
539:was being replaced by
464:occupation (replacing
1622:Shahbuz State Reserve
927:on Flags of the World
857:and after the failed
817:
769:
721:
484:Treaty of Turkmenchay
349:Nakhchivan Autonomous
2118:1991–92
2113:1990–91
2108:1961–92
2103:1958–90
2098:1957–91
2093:1957–92
2088:1956–91
2083:1944–57
2078:1936–90
2068:1936–90
2063:1936–90
2058:1936–44
2053:1936–44
2048:1935–43
2043:1934–90
2038:1934–90
2033:1932–92
2028:1931–92
2018:1926–36
2013:1925–36
2008:1925–92
2003:1924–29
1998:1924–40
1993:1923–40
1988:1923–90
1983:1922–91
1978:1921–90
1968:1921–24
1963:1921–91
1958:1921–45
1953:1921–91
1948:1920–90
1943:1920–25
1938:1919–90
1933:1918–41
1928:1918–24
1538:Nakhchivanski family
1482:Gamigaya Petroglyphs
674:11th Soviet Red Army
452:occupied land under
450:11th Soviet Red Army
2100:Kabardino-Balkarian
2060:Kabardino-Balkarian
1798:Kabardino-Balkarian
1693:(historic presence)
894:commemorative coins
774:of 1938 in Russian.
621:Armistice of Mudros
581:February Revolution
514:autonomous republic
476:Nakhichevan Khanate
309:Transcaucasian SFSR
185: /
1923:
1392:Нахичеванская АССР
824:
776:
761:Iranian Revolution
724:
672:In July 1920, the
571:War and revolution
478:had passed to the
352:
323:
282:
263:
260:Soviet Republic of
2190:
2189:
2132:
2131:
2127:
2126:
1700:
1699:
1366:
1265:Los Angeles Times
851:Mikhail Gorbachev
757:NATO member state
702:Bolshevist Russia
682:Nariman Narimanov
508:, abbreviated as
502:
501:
433:
432:
429:
428:
409:
408:
217: • Type
189:39.200°N 45.400°E
16:(Redirected from
2255:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2146:
1920:
1915:
1727:
1720:
1713:
1704:
1591:Supreme Assembly
1543:Republic of Aras
1453:
1452:
1441:
1434:
1427:
1418:
1394:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1384:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1361:
1359:
1351:
1343:
1338:
1337:
1328:
1311:
1294:
1288:
1282:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1271:
1256:
1250:
1243:
1237:
1227:
1221:
1211:
1205:
1199:
1190:
1183:
1177:
1172:
1166:
1152:
1143:
1136:
1130:
1116:
1107:
1100:
1094:
1087:
1081:
1064:
1058:
1052:
1041:
1027:
1021:
1020:
1003:Hewsen, Robert H
999:
990:
989:
987:
985:
970:
955:
934:
928:
922:
859:August 1991 coup
698:Treaty of Moscow
651:Republic of Aras
593:Nagorno-Karabakh
510:Nakhichevan ASSR
496:Republic of Aras
425:
424:
413:
412:
400:
399:
393:
392:
377:
376:
359:19 November 1990
353:
324:
283:
278:Nakhichevan ASSR
266:
264:
233:
218:
200:
199:
197:
196:
195:
190:
186:
183:
182:
181:
178:
168:
139:
121:
104:
95:Flag (from 1978)
92:
63:
55:
54:
49:
41:
40:
32:
21:
18:Nakhichevan ASSR
2263:
2262:
2258:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2252:
2193:
2192:
2191:
2186:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2149:
2141:
2128:
2123:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2095:Checheno-Ingush
2092:
2087:
2082:
2073:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2055:Checheno-Ingush
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2023:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1973:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1910:
1904:
1768:Checheno-Ingush
1736:
1731:
1701:
1696:
1679:Catholic church
1667:
1636:
1605:
1574:
1470:
1458:
1447:
1445:
1403:
1398:
1397:
1379:
1375:
1329:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1314:
1308:Wayback Machine
1295:
1291:
1283:
1279:
1269:
1267:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1244:
1240:
1228:
1224:
1212:
1208:
1200:
1193:
1184:
1180:
1173:
1169:
1153:
1146:
1137:
1133:
1117:
1110:
1101:
1097:
1088:
1084:
1065:
1061:
1053:
1044:
1028:
1024:
1017:
1001:
1000:
993:
983:
981:
972:
971:
958:
935:
931:
923:
919:
914:
902:
886:
863:Ayaz Mütallibov
736:
670:
659:vicious cycles.
573:
568:
482:after the 1828
456:control of the
422:
397:
356:
351:
350:
338:
331:9 February 1924
328:
322:
321:
311:
301:13 October 1921
298:
285:
281:
280:
267:
262:
261:
259:
228:
216:
193:
191:
187:
184:
179:
176:
174:
172:
171:
166:
140:
122:
112:
111:
110:
105:
97:
96:
93:
64:
57:
50:
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2261:
2259:
2251:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2195:
2194:
2188:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2147:
2138:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2130:
2129:
2125:
2124:
2080:North Ossetian
2076:
2074:
2026:
2024:
1976:
1974:
1926:
1924:
1918:
1912:
1906:
1905:
1903:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1865:North Ossetian
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1826:
1825:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1744:
1742:
1738:
1737:
1732:
1730:
1729:
1722:
1715:
1707:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1694:
1688:
1682:
1675:
1673:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1644:
1642:
1638:
1637:
1635:
1634:
1629:
1627:Mineral waters
1624:
1619:
1613:
1611:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1603:
1598:
1596:Prime minister
1593:
1588:
1582:
1580:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1572:
1571:
1570:
1565:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1528:Khanate period
1525:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1489:
1484:
1478:
1476:
1472:
1471:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1446:
1444:
1443:
1436:
1429:
1421:
1415:
1414:
1409:
1402:
1401:External links
1399:
1396:
1395:
1388:Նախիջևանի ԻԽՍՀ
1373:
1322:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1289:
1277:
1251:
1238:
1222:
1206:
1191:
1178:
1167:
1144:
1131:
1108:
1095:
1082:
1067:Thomas de Waal
1059:
1042:
1022:
1015:
991:
956:
929:
916:
915:
913:
910:
909:
908:
901:
898:
885:
882:
829:Supreme Soviet
808:Azerbaijan SSR
735:
732:
728:Azerbaijan SSR
707:Treaty of Kars
694:Vladimir Lenin
678:Azerbaijan SSR
669:
666:
628:Oliver Wardrop
615:(DRA) and the
572:
569:
567:
564:
518:Azerbaijan SSR
500:
499:
480:Russian Empire
448:a. Whilst the
445:
444:
439:
435:
434:
431:
430:
427:
426:
419:
410:
407:
406:
401:
389:
388:
383:
373:
372:
369:
368:
365:
364:
361:
360:
357:
346:
343:
342:
339:
336:
333:
332:
329:
326:Azerbaijan SSR
319:
316:
315:
312:
306:
303:
302:
299:
296:Treaty of Kars
293:
290:
289:
286:
275:
272:
271:
268:
257:
254:
253:
250:
249:
246:
245:Historical era
242:
241:
238:
237:
234:
225:
224:
219:
213:
212:
210:
206:
205:
202:
201:
194:39.200; 45.400
169:
163:
162:
160:
156:
155:
150:
146:
145:
132:
131:
114:
113:
106:
99:
98:
94:
87:
86:
85:
82:
81:
77:
76:
74:Azerbaijan SSR
66:
65:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2260:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2160:
2159:
2154:
2153:
2148:
2144:
2143:Buryat–Mongol
2140:
2139:
2135:
2122:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2075:
2072:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1925:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1913:
1907:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1728:
1723:
1721:
1716:
1714:
1709:
1708:
1705:
1692:
1689:
1686:
1685:Kilit dialect
1683:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1670:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1639:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1608:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1577:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1563:Karki village
1561:
1560:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1468:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1442:
1437:
1435:
1430:
1428:
1423:
1422:
1419:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1400:
1383:Нахчыван МССР
1380:Azerbaijani:
1377:
1374:
1370:
1364:
1355:
1347:
1342:
1332:
1327:
1324:
1317:
1309:
1305:
1302:
1298:
1293:
1290:
1286:
1281:
1278:
1266:
1262:
1255:
1252:
1248:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1235:0-8014-8736-6
1232:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1219:0-275-97260-7
1216:
1210:
1207:
1203:
1198:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1164:0-521-57799-3
1161:
1157:
1151:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1128:90-411-1477-7
1125:
1121:
1115:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1099:
1096:
1092:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1079:0-8147-1945-7
1076:
1072:
1068:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1040:
1039:0-275-96241-5
1036:
1032:
1026:
1023:
1018:
1016:0-226-33228-4
1012:
1008:
1004:
998:
996:
992:
979:
975:
969:
967:
965:
963:
961:
957:
954:
953:0-521-57799-3
950:
946:
942:
938:
933:
930:
926:
921:
918:
911:
907:
904:
903:
899:
897:
895:
891:
888:In 2008, the
884:Commemoration
883:
881:
879:
875:
870:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
843:Heydar Aliyev
840:
838:
834:
833:Black January
830:
821:
816:
812:
809:
803:
801:
797:
792:
790:
786:
782:
773:
768:
764:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
733:
731:
729:
720:
715:
710:
708:
703:
699:
695:
690:
685:
683:
679:
675:
668:Sovietization
667:
665:
660:
655:
652:
649:declared the
648:
644:
643:Musavat Party
639:
637:
633:
629:
624:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
570:
565:
563:
561:
557:
552:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
529:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
474:, the former
473:
472:
468:occupation).
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
446:
443:
440:
438:Today part of
436:
420:
418:
415:
414:
411:
405:
402:
395:
394:
391:
390:
387:
384:
382:
379:
378:
374:
362:
358:
355:
340:
330:
327:
313:
310:
300:
297:
288:16 March 1921
287:
279:
269:
247:
243:
239:
235:
232:
229: •
223:
220:
211:
203:
198:
170:
161:
154:
151:
144:
138:
133:
130:
126:
120:
115:
109:
103:
91:
83:
78:
75:
71:
67:
61:
47:
33:
30:
19:
2158:Kirghiz ASSR
2156:
2150:
2142:
2077:
2027:
1979:
1977:
1935:Volga German
1927:
1911:of existence
1895:Volga German
1859:
1672:Demographics
1648:Architecture
1547:
1533:Russian rule
1518:Ottoman rule
1465:
1386:, Armenian:
1376:
1326:
1292:
1280:
1270:29 September
1268:. Retrieved
1264:
1254:
1247:Black Garden
1246:
1241:
1225:
1209:
1187:Black Garden
1186:
1181:
1170:
1155:
1139:
1134:
1119:
1118:Tim Potier.
1104:Black Garden
1103:
1098:
1090:
1085:
1070:
1062:
1030:
1025:
1006:
982:. Retrieved
980:(in Russian)
977:
944:
932:
920:
887:
871:
841:
825:
804:
796:Armenian SSR
793:
777:
737:
734:Soviet Union
725:
712:
692:
687:
671:
662:
657:
640:
636:Elisabethpol
625:
574:
553:
530:
526:Soviet Union
509:
505:
503:
486:, while the
469:
453:
386:Succeeded by
385:
380:
341:January 1990
284:established
248:20th century
129:Armenian SSR
29:
2155:was called
2152:Kazakh ASSR
2145:until 1958.
2115:Gorno-Altai
1980:Nakhichevan
1860:Nakhichevan
1788:Gorno-Altai
1681:(abandoned)
1632:Ashabi-Kahf
1601:Kars treaty
1390:, Russian:
1331:Azerbaijani
1249:, p. 88–89.
1138:Croissant.
1089:Croissant.
937:Ian Bremmer
876:within the
714:Azerbaijan.
605:Vayots Dzor
577:World War I
558:within the
545:Soviet flag
524:within the
520:, itself a
516:within the
381:Preceded by
192: /
153:Nakhichevan
46:Azerbaijani
2197:Categories
2161:until 1925
2035:Karakalpak
1808:Karakalpak
1586:Leadership
1503:Eldiguzids
1498:Vaspurakan
1467:Nakhchivan
1158:, p. 444.
947:, p. 484.
912:References
763:of 1979).
442:Azerbaijan
209:Government
2040:Mordovian
2000:Moldavian
1930:Turkestan
1880:Turkestan
1850:Mordovian
1845:Moldavian
1691:Armenians
1687:(extinct)
1653:Monuments
1610:Geography
1464:Capital:
1363:romanized
1245:De Waal,
1189:, p. 271.
1185:De Waal.
1106:, p. 129.
1102:De Waal.
1033:, p. 15.
984:25 August
941:Ray Taras
847:Politburo
837:Lithuania
270:July 1920
80:1921–1990
2090:Karelian
2085:Kabardin
1995:Karelian
1970:Mountain
1965:Dagestan
1955:Adjarian
1909:By years
1855:Mountain
1813:Karelian
1793:Kabardin
1783:Dagestan
1753:Adjarian
1579:Politics
1346:Armenian
1304:Archived
1142:, p. 18.
1122:, p. 4.
1093:, p. 16.
1005:(2001).
900:See also
820:Caucasus
781:trachoma
753:Cold War
700:between
689:Armenia.
597:Zangezur
541:Cyrillic
522:republic
454:de facto
354:Republic
222:Republic
127:and the
2120:Crimean
2020:Kirghiz
2010:Chuvash
1960:Crimean
1945:Kirghiz
1940:Bashkir
1830:Kirghiz
1823:Kirghiz
1778:Crimean
1773:Chuvash
1758:Bashkir
1741:By name
1663:Tourism
1658:Theatre
1641:Culture
1522:Retreat
1475:History
1365::
1354:Russian
800:Armenia
789:Malaria
749:Yerevan
607:), and
566:History
512:was an
471:De jure
466:Ottoman
462:British
347:•
314:1922–36
307:•
294:•
276:•
258:•
180:45°24′E
177:39°12′N
149:Capital
72:of the
60:Russian
2105:Kalmyk
2050:Kalmyk
2045:Udmurt
2030:Abkhaz
2015:Kazakh
1990:Buryat
1890:Udmurt
1818:Kazakh
1803:Kalmyk
1763:Buryat
1748:Abkhaz
1492:Urartu
1457:topics
1233:
1217:
1162:
1126:
1077:
1037:
1013:
951:
785:typhus
741:Tehran
609:Qazakh
601:Syunik
108:Emblem
56:
42:
2110:Tuvan
2005:Tajik
1985:Yakut
1950:Tatar
1900:Yakut
1885:Tuvan
1875:Tatar
1870:Tajik
1318:Notes
231:Motto
2070:Mari
2065:Komi
1840:Mari
1835:Komi
1272:2023
1231:ISBN
1215:ISBN
1160:ISBN
1124:ISBN
1075:ISBN
1035:ISBN
1011:ISBN
986:2019
949:ISBN
939:and
867:Baku
855:CPSU
783:and
772:ASSR
745:Baku
634:and
632:Baku
549:fess
531:The
504:The
159:Area
125:Iran
70:ASSR
849:by
2199::
1360:,
1356::
1352:,
1348::
1344:,
1333::
1263:.
1194:^
1147:^
1111:^
1069:.
1045:^
994:^
976:.
959:^
943:.
880:.
869:.
787:.
645:,
595:,
562:.
551:.
1726:e
1719:t
1712:v
1524:)
1520:(
1440:e
1433:t
1426:v
1274:.
1019:.
988:.
747:–
62:)
58:(
48:)
44:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
