39:
1338:), a city inhabited by the Jebusites. According to the Bible, this land was sold to King David by Ornan the Jebusite for six hundred shekels of gold (1Chr 21:26) in order to build in the threshing floor an altar for sacrifice to stop the plague God had sent upon Israel. Solomon later built the Temple there. The Jebusite stronghold at that time was called Zion which David took by force, and it afterward began to be called The City of David. (
2379:
Bayt al-maqdis /Bēt il-maqdis/ (Pr: O) . No. 3 and 4 are
Islamic designations of Jerusalem. The former which has become the regular name of the city among Muslims, is directly inspired by the Jewish epithet of Jerusalem as (ʽyr) hqdš while the latter, which seems to be merely literary, is a rendering
1262:
Shalem was the
Canaanite god of dusk, sunset, and the end of the day, also spelled Shalim. Many scholars believe that his name is preserved in the name of the city Jerusalem. It is believed by some scholars that the name of Jerusalem comes from Uru + Shalem, meaning the foundation of Shalem or
2641:("As for the meaning of the name, it can be assumed to be a compound of the West Semitic elements "yrw" and "slm," probably to be interpreted as "Foundation of (the god) Shalem." Shalem is known from an Ugaritic mythological text as the god of twilight.").
2706:
The epithet may have originated in the ancient name of
Jerusalem—Salem (after the pagan deity of the city), which is etymologically connected in the Semitic languages with the words for peace (shalom in Hebrew, salam in
3150:
C.Mowlā'i /Kang Diz Huxt and Kuling Dus-Hut (An
Investigation into the Name of Żahhāk's Palace in the Shāh-nāma and in Sanī Mulūk al-Arż v-al-Anbiyā’) / Journal of Research Literary Studies, 2014, 47(3):145-156
492:
1759:, and its first recorded use can be traced to the 9th century CE, two hundred years after the Muslim conquest of the city. Prior to the use of this name, the names used for Jerusalem were
38:
3394:
121:
111:
1731:). The population at the time of the Muslim conquest was about 200,000, but from about the 10th century it declined, to less than half that number by the time of the
1310:, the name came to be applied to a hill just to the south-west of the walled city. This latter hill is still known as Mount Zion today. From the point of view of the
2634:
2915:
The termination -aim or -ayim used to be taken as the ordinary termination of the dual of nouns, and was explained as signifying the upper and lower cities.
1009:
in Hebrew, thus leading to the suggestion that the name refers to the two hills on which the city sits. However, the pronunciation of the last syllable as
580:
2841:
3377:
2331:
Ilana
Caznelvugen lists the 72 names in her two articles "Many names for Jerusalem" and "70 Names for Jerusalem", Sinai 116, Mosad Harav Kook, 1995. The
1740:
2606:
1651:, and to the hill temple of Jupiter built on the remains of the Temple. During the later Roman Era, the city was expanded to the area now known as the
3020:
E.g. found in the
Septuagint and the writings of Philo; cf. Melchizedek as "king of peace" (Σαλήμ) in Heb. 7.1–2, based on Gn. 14.18; cf. also Philo,
81:
2677:
2282:
2733:
1736:
3297:
3266:
2817:
2412:
1434:) is the biblical term for the Iron Age walled fortress; now the name of the corresponding archaeological site just south of the Temple Mount
419:
164:
101:
3093:, "Jerusalem: Life Throughout the Ages in a Holy City", Ingeborg Rennert Center for Jerusalem Studies, Bar-Ilan University (2012). See also
2967:
With
Letters of Light: Studies in the Dead Sea Scrolls, Early Jewish Apocalypticism, Magic and Mysticism, eds. Daphna Arbel and Andrei Orlov
168:
2966:
998:", meaning peace, so that the common interpretation of the name is now "The City of Peace" or "Abode of Peace", indicating a sanctuary.
445:
2020:
is a less commonly used Arabic name for
Jerusalem though it appeared more commonly in early Islamic sources. It is the base from which
2488:"Locating Jerusalem's Royal Palace in the Second Millennium BCE in Light of the Glyptic and Cuneiform Material Unearthed in the Ophel"
1718:
3195:
See 'JERUSALEM', Engraved by Lodge in George Henry Millar, The New & Universal System Of
Geography (London: Alexander Hogg, 1782)
3361:
2908:
2880:
2780:
2743:
2687:
243:
3439:
1656:
1639:
393:
750:
749:
748:
745:
744:
2580:
573:
3419:
2807:
2770:
747:
746:
351:
238:
3086:
2367:"Early-Ottoman Palestinian Toponymy: A Linguistic Analysis of the (Micro-)Toponyms in Haseki Sultan's Endowment Deed (1552)"
2932:
Yuval Baruch, Danit Levi & Ronny Reich (2020). "The Name
Jerusalem in a Late Second Temple Period Jewish Inscription".
3434:
3429:
3094:
547:
387:
2919:
346:
341:
2336:
825:(exalted), meaning 'the exalted head', and so not referring to Jerusalem, but Na'aman withdrew this objection in 2023.
2651:
2631:
287:
210:
205:
200:
3258:
3205:
3107:
566:
233:
220:
215:
141:
2456:
1732:
1714:
1006:
487:
455:
263:
258:
253:
248:
2849:
2803:
2438:(tr. David E. Green), William B. Eerdmann, Grand Rapids Michigan, Cambridge/UK 1990, vol. VI, p. 348.
2239:. Drawing on biblical tradition, it is one of the names accorded to Jerusalem in Arabic and Islamic tradition.
1414:
552:
482:
414:
409:
71:
2024:(names based on the origin of the person named) are formed – hence the famous medieval geographer called both
1059:, that provides the basis for this reading. In extra-biblical inscriptions, the earliest known example of the
1063:
ending was discovered on a column about 3 km west of ancient Jerusalem, dated to the first century BCE.
3289:
2610:
806:
777:
336:
1739:
was further decimated to about 2,000 people (moderately recovering to some 8,000 under Ottoman rule by the
1655:. Population increased during this period, peaking at several hundred thousand, numbers only reached again
2332:
1683:
542:
522:
361:
2693:
2562:
1339:
1156:
That the name Salem refers to Jerusalem is evidenced by Psalm 76:2 which uses "Salem" as a parallel for "
2248:
1652:
1307:
537:
57:
1500:
1147:
And Melchizedek king of Salem brought forth bread and wine: and he was the priest of the most high God
2534:
2071:
1830:
1722:
1142:
766:
728:
724:
532:
450:
305:
273:
51:
1574:
1445:
1335:
1263:
founded by Shalem or city of Shalem, and that Shalem was the city god of the place before El Elyon.
2272:
2080:
2045:
1619:" kingdom. Another variant of the name is Kang-e Dozhhûkht (Dozhhûkht-Kang), which is attested in
1560:
1023:
699:
693:
517:
437:
268:
151:
3424:
3322:
3219:
3161:
3122:"کنگ دز هوخت و کلنگ دس حت (تحقیقی دربارة نام ایوان ضحّاک در شاهنامه و سنی ملوک الارض و الانبیاء)"
2949:
2775:. Honolulu, Hawaii: Reprinted from 1898 edition by University Press of the Pacific. p. 584.
2576:
2509:
2209:
2021:
1702:
1615:
to name Jerusalem. "Kang Diz Huxt" means "holy palace" and was the capital of "Zahhak" and also "
880:
460:
404:
371:
131:
22:
1303:, possibly also referred to as "Daughter of Zion" (i.e., as a protrusion of Mount Zion proper).
1099:(Ἱεροσόλυμα). The latter exhibits yet another re-etymologization, by association with the word
3388:
3357:
3293:
3283:
3262:
3252:
3183:
2904:
2876:
2813:
2776:
2739:
2683:
2408:
2352:
2308:
2091:
1847:
654:
527:
424:
3133:
3121:
2941:
2499:
2316:
2260:
2205:
2142:
2121:
1946:
1885:
1727:
1698:
1631:
1311:
814:
802:
773:
612:
319:
91:
3231:
3090:
2638:
2319:
2236:
2220:
2172:
1924:
1906:
1747:
1674:
1663:
1580:
1490:
1425:
1418:
1376:
1345:
1281:
1231:
946:
942:
898:
684:
642:
625:
366:
2539:
3314:
1794:
is the most common Arabic name for Jerusalem and is used by many cultures influenced by
1080:, the city of King Melchizedek (based on Genesis 14:18). A similar theory is offered by
2766:
2301:
2112:
1819:
1356:
1104:
1067:
1018:
910:
857:
666:
662:
658:
300:
295:
600:
has been known and the etymology of the word in different languages. According to the
3413:
2953:
2627:
2557:
2513:
2448:
2312:
2150:
2056:
1959:
1076:
894:
472:
467:
2977:
3004:
Gerhard Kittel (editor), Gerhard Friedrich (editor), Geoffrey W. Bromiley (editor),
2901:
Jerusalem: The Topography, Economics and History from the Earliest Times to A.D. 70
2632:
http://education.nationalgeographic.com/media/file/Jerusalem_ED_Sheets.FasFacts.pdf
2256:
2252:
2029:
2025:
1647:
1635:
1331:
1296:
1118:
331:
324:
310:
3184:"From Aelia To Al-Quds: The Names Of Islamic Jerusalem In The Early Muslim Period"
2945:
2504:
2487:
3315:"כיצד נותנים כינויים ושמות בשפת סימנים? סמי סירואה אצל אורלי וגיא- תוכנית רביעית"
3209:
3083:
2402:
2085:
2197:
1566:
1542:
1538:
1200:
1138:
1013:
appears to be a late development, which had not yet appeared at the time of the
990:
The name "Shalem", whether as a town or a deity, is derived from the same root
1277:
1014:
883:
of the setting sun and the nether world, as well as of health and perfection.
3137:
2453:
Development of the Cannanite dialects: an investigation in linguistic history
2052:(בית המקדש "The Holy Temple" or "Temple of the Sanctified Place") in Hebrew.
3353:
3248:
2366:
1620:
1604:
1531:
1527:
1510:
1292:
861:
720:
597:
30:
3097:, Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible, under entry ZEDEQ, p. 931.
3402:
2037:
1616:
1535:
1441:
1165:
1161:
1150:
991:
477:
2772:
A Dictionary of the Bible: Volume II: (Part II: I -- Kinsman), Volume 2
2305:
1790:
1458:
1085:
604:
356:
314:
1318:
has come to be used as a synonym of the city of Jerusalem as a whole.
3071:
3050:
3046:
2887:
A similar view was held by those who give the Hebrew dual to the word
2353:"Jerusalem, Jerusalem: How The Ancient City Ignited Our Modern World"
2201:
2041:
1811:(עיר הקודש "the Holy City" or "City of the Holy Place"). The variant
1694:
1397:
1300:
1246:
1040:
995:
872:
608:
607:, "Jerusalem has 70 names". Lists have been compiled of 72 different
601:
3285:
Digging Through the Bible: Modern Archaeology and the Ancient Bible
3006:
Theological Dictionary of the New Testament: Abridged in One Volume
1467:. In the opinion of some Rabbinic commentators, the combination of
2277:
2183:
1795:
1461:
1368:
1353:
1217:
1081:
1052:
959:
890:
653:
is a derivation of a much older name, recorded as early as in the
665:, where the first element of the name came to be associated with
1644:
1272:
1160:", the citadel of Jerusalem. The same identification is made by
1157:
677:, "holy"). The city is also known, especially among Muslims, as
2182:
is a rare poetic name for Jerusalem in Arabic, loaned from the
987:) which is the Arabic name promoted by the Israeli government.
1185:
1056:
1112:
936:
922:
2401:
David Noel Freedman; Allen C. Myers; Astrid B. Beck (2000).
1039:) is almost always absent. It is only the much later
871:, is variously etymologised to mean "foundation of the god
2812:. The Netherlands: Koninklijke Brill NV. pp. 225–226.
2738:. Connecticut, USA.: Twenty-Third Publications. p. 2.
1818:("Al-Quds the Noble") has also been used, notably by the
1299:
just to the north of the fortress, also known as Mount
817:
proposed that the name should instead be understood as
1638:
name given to Jerusalem in the 2nd century, after the
1295:
fortress stood, but the name was later applied to the
953:
657:, which has however been repeatedly re-interpreted in
2585:, p. 410 (1990). Hamilton also asserts that Sumerian
1735:
in the 11th century, and with the re-conquest by the
809:(c. 19th century BCE) and typically reconstructed as
1688:
736:
3066:(Clark International, 2003) pp. 145-163; John Day,
1070:56:10, the name is interpreted as a combination of
3070:, Sheffield Academic Press 2002, p. 180; see also
3062:E.g., L. Grabbe, "Ethnic groups in Jerusalem", in
2628:http://www.studylight.org/dic/hbd/print.cgi?n=3384
2255:, the latter gesture to indicate the shape of the
2251:use different signs: the former mimic kissing the
1084:in his discussion of the term "God's city." Other
879:‘to found, to lay a cornerstone’, and Shalim, the
596:refers to the multiple names by which the city of
3010:Sion , Ierousalem , Hierosolyma , Hierosolymites
1035:, as in post-biblical Hebrew, rather than
3393:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
3211:Palestine Exploration Quarterly, Volumes 109–110
2407:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. pp. 694–695.
2196:, a rare name for Jerusalem used in early times
1807:, a calque of the Hebrew nickname for the city,
1693:, early in the Middle Ages, and appears in some
1291:) was originally the name of the hill where the
2434:G. Johannes Botterweck, Helmer Ringgren (eds.)
1777:(after the Temple), alternatively vocalized as
2607:"SHALEM (DEITY) – the Anchor Bible Dictionary"
847:
841:
835:
829:
3214:. Published at the Fund's Office. p. 21.
2848:. Center for Conflict Studies. Archived from
2126:
2096:
1890:
1868:
1852:
574:
8:
2391:M. Vygus. Middle Egyptian dictionary, p. 547
1587:
1554:
982:
3383:. Archived from the original on 2003-12-12.
3068:Yahweh and the gods and goddesses of Canaan
2436:Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament
2371:Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins
1642:. The name refers to Hadrian's family, the
971:
963:
3243:
3241:
3064:Jerusalem in Ancient History and Tradition
2563:Selections from the Tell El-Amarna letters
2560:(English in Percy Stuart Peache Handcock,
2157:
2155:
2128:
2098:
1998:
1996:
1982:
1980:
1966:
1964:
1892:
1870:
1854:
1088:say that Jerusalem means "City of Peace".
977:. In Arabic, this name occurs in the form
740:
581:
567:
17:
2503:
1721:corresponded to what is now known as the
1607:", ancient Iranian used "Kangdezh Hûkht"
1798:. The name may have been shortened from
1170:
867:The Sumero-Akkadian name for Jerusalem,
698:'Holy House'), referring to the
2978:Bar Ilan University, Prof. Yaakov Klein
2461:Ꜣwšꜣmm 'Jerusalem' (Ächtungstexte f 18)
2294:
1111:, "holy"). In early Greek manuscripts,
710:Early extra-biblical and biblical names
29:
3386:
3227:
3217:
2988:Alexander Hopkins McDannald (editor),
2871:Wallace, Edwin Sherman (August 1977).
2380:of Heb. byt hmqdš (i.e. pars pro toto)
889:is the name most commonly used in the
2992:, Americana Corporation, 1947, entry
2990:The Encyclopedia Americana, Volume 16
2903:. Hodder and Stoughton. p. 251.
2235:) is the word for Zion in Arabic and
1725:(rebuilt in the 2nd century as Roman
7:
3378:"The Name Jerusalem and its History"
2875:. New York: Arno Press. p. 16.
2809:Historic cities of the Islamic world
2652:"Why Is Jerusalem Called Jerusalem?"
2474:Canaan in the 2nd Millennium B.C.E.,
2347:
2345:
1091:In Greek, the city is called either
1031:ending (so that it would be written
954:
813:is usually identified as Jerusalem.
169:Israeli annexation of East Jerusalem
2840:Denise DeGarmo (9 September 2011).
2224:
2176:
1678:
1285:
983:
893:, and the name used by most of the
688:
646:
629:
3350:Hebrew Language and Jewish Thought
3186:, 2011. Retrieved on 16 June 2019.
2582:The Book of Genesis, Chapters 1-17
14:
2542:The El Amarna Letters from Canaan
2355:, 2011. Retrieved on 24 May 2014.
1940:
1330:(now usually identified with the
1166:Aramaic translations of the Bible
3254:A History of Palestine, 634–1099
2720:Die Religionen des Alten Orients
2682:. HarperCollins Publishers Ltd.
2476:Eisenbrauns, 2005 p. 177ff.
2404:Eerdmans dictionary of the Bible
2283:Timeline of the name "Palestine"
1640:destruction of the Second Temple
1475:(שלם) is the origin of the name
37:
3325:from the original on 2021-12-22
2365:Marom, Roy; Zadok, Ran (2023).
1673:. The Roman name was loaned as
1573:(πόλις μεγάλου βασιλέως) as in
1516:City of the Holy Place/Holiness
1027:that would be required for the
2537::025. Transcription online at
1768:(from the Roman era name) and
1051:squeezed together between the
1017:. In fact, in the unvocalized
1:
2946:10.1080/03344355.2020.1707452
2630: ; National Geographic,
2505:10.1080/03344355.2023.2190284
2189:"palace". Also from Latin is
1705:20:26), like Bayt ul-Maqdis.
1623:. It means " accursed Kang".
1137:) is found in the account of
2033:
1715:Muslim conquest of Palestine
848:
842:
836:
830:
347:Church of the Holy Sepulchre
3282:Freund, Richard A. (2009).
3108:Encyclopedia Judaica: Ariel
3095:Karel van der Toorn, et al.
3033:Cf. e.g. Flavius Josephus,
2899:Smith, George Adam (1907).
2247:Jewish and Arab signers of
1689:
1588:
1555:
1133:The name Shalem/Salem (שלם
1043:, with the vowel marks for
828:Jerusalem is called either
618:Today, Jerusalem is called
3456:
3259:Cambridge University Press
3206:Palestine Exploration Fund
2304:, 14, 12; Midrash Tadsha (
1270:
1113:
937:
923:
718:
3348:Patterson, David (2005),
2804:Bosworth, Clifford Edmund
2732:Binz, Stephen J. (2005).
2457:American Oriental Society
2156:
2127:
2097:
2044:used in reference to the
1997:
1981:
1965:
1929:
1911:
1891:
1869:
1853:
1813:اَلْـقُـدْس الـشَّـرِيْـف
1667:אֵילִיָּה קַפִּיטוֹלִינָה
1666:
1108:
1036:
1032:
906:
670:
630:
3290:Rowman & Littlefield
3138:10.22067/jls.v47i3.44857
3008:, Eerdmans, 1985, entry
2735:Jerusalem, the Holy City
2603:Anchor Bible Dictionary
1021:of the Hebrew Bible the
420:Greek Orthodox Patriarch
3440:Names of places in Asia
3164:. Encyclopaedia Iranica
2722:(Göttingen, 1979), 212.
2624:Holman Bible Dictionary
2036:946) This name is of a
1662:From this name derives
1334:) was a part of Jebus (
807:Middle Kingdom of Egypt
611:names for Jerusalem in
3120:مولایی, چنگیز (2014).
2486:Nadav Na'aman (2023).
2337:lists 105 Hebrew names
2333:Jerusalem municipality
1800:مَـدِيـنَـة الْـقُـدْس
1779:بَـيْـت الْـمُـقَـدَّس
1713:Jerusalem fell to the
1571:polis megalou basileos
1549:City of the Great King
1074:, "He will see ," and
972:
964:
446:Religious significance
3420:City name etymologies
2249:Israeli Sign Language
1770:بَـيْـت الْـمَـقْـدِس
1750:name of Jerusalem is
1671:ʼÊliyyāh Qappîṭôlînāh
1653:Old City of Jerusalem
1613:دِژ کَـنْـگ هُـوْخْـت
1609:کَـنْـگ دِژ هُـوْخْـت
909:), adopted in
875:": from West Semitic
719:Further information:
689:بَـيْـت الْـمَـقْـدِس
3435:Culture of Jerusalem
3430:History of Jerusalem
2529:e.g. in EA 289:014,
1822:in the Turkish form
1611:or "Dezhkang Hûkht"
1559:(קרית מלך רב) as in
1322:Other biblical names
729:Amarna letter EA 289
725:Amarna letter EA 287
82:Second Temple Period
3182:El-Awaisi, Khalid.
2676:Elon, Amos (1996).
2273:Names of the Levant
2046:Temple in Jerusalem
2040:extension from the
1314:(6th century BCE),
1117:is presented as a "
782:(2055–1650 BC)
700:Temple in Jerusalem
394:Demographic history
3126:جستارهای نوین ادبی
3089:2007-01-17 at the
2873:Jerusalem the Holy
2846:Wandering Thoughts
2637:2014-02-21 at the
2577:Victor P. Hamilton
1733:Christian conquest
1657:in the modern city
1584:קִרְיַת מֶלֶךְ רָב
594:Names of Jerusalem
372:Al-Quds University
3299:978-0-7425-4645-5
3268:978-0-521-59984-9
2842:"Abode of Peace?"
2819:978-90-04-15388-2
2593:, meaning "city."
2556:; translation by
2414:978-0-8028-2400-4
2311:10; Midrash Zuta
2309:Phinehas ben Jair
1687:
1556:kiryat melekh rav
1526:, (עיר הקודש) in
1308:Second Temple era
1260:
1259:
795:
794:
783:
758:
757:
754:
753:
697:
655:Middle Bronze Age
591:
590:
528:Greater Jerusalem
352:Hebrew University
195:Before Common Era
179:
178:
3447:
3406:
3398:
3392:
3384:
3382:
3366:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3330:
3310:
3304:
3303:
3279:
3273:
3272:
3245:
3236:
3235:
3229:
3225:
3223:
3215:
3202:
3196:
3193:
3187:
3180:
3174:
3173:
3171:
3169:
3157:
3151:
3148:
3142:
3141:
3117:
3111:
3104:
3098:
3081:
3075:
3060:
3054:
3044:
3038:
3031:
3025:
3018:
3012:
3002:
2996:
2986:
2980:
2975:
2969:
2964:
2958:
2957:
2929:
2923:
2917:
2896:
2890:
2889:
2868:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2857:
2852:on 26 April 2012
2837:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2826:
2800:
2794:
2793:
2791:
2789:
2763:
2757:
2756:
2754:
2752:
2729:
2723:
2716:
2710:
2709:
2703:
2701:
2696:on 19 March 2016
2692:. Archived from
2673:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2663:
2648:
2642:
2621:
2619:
2618:
2609:. Archived from
2600:
2594:
2573:
2567:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2524:
2518:
2517:
2507:
2483:
2477:
2470:
2464:
2463:
2445:
2439:
2432:
2426:
2425:
2423:
2421:
2398:
2392:
2389:
2383:
2382:
2362:
2356:
2349:
2340:
2329:
2323:
2317:Midrash ha-Gadol
2299:
2261:Dome of the Rock
2226:
2178:
2166:Bait-ul-Muqaddas
2161:
2160:
2159:
2137:Beit-e Moghaddas
2132:
2131:
2130:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2035:
2018:Bayt al-Muqaddas
2002:
2001:
2000:
1986:
1985:
1984:
1970:
1969:
1968:
1942:
1931:
1913:
1896:
1895:
1894:
1874:
1873:
1872:
1858:
1857:
1856:
1816:al-Quds aš-Šarīf
1783:Bayt al-Muqaddas
1728:Aelia Capitolina
1692:
1682:
1680:
1668:
1659:, in the 1960s.
1632:Aelia Capitolina
1591:
1589:Qiryaṯ Meleḵ Rāḇ
1558:
1483:Oasis of Justice
1312:Babylonian exile
1287:
1171:
1124:
1116:
1115:
1110:
1095:(Ἰερουσαλήμ) or
1038:
1034:
986:
985:
975:
967:
957:
956:
943:Christian Bibles
941:), and in early
940:
939:
926:
925:
908:
855:
845:
839:
833:
803:Execration texts
781:
741:
737:
733:
732:
692:
690:
672:
648:
634:
632:
613:Jewish scripture
583:
576:
569:
438:Political status
320:Dome of the Rock
92:Aelia Capitolina
68:
67:
41:
18:
3455:
3454:
3450:
3449:
3448:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3410:
3409:
3400:
3385:
3380:
3376:
3373:
3364:
3347:
3344:
3339:
3338:
3328:
3326:
3312:
3311:
3307:
3300:
3292:. p. 141.
3281:
3280:
3276:
3269:
3261:. p. 114.
3247:
3246:
3239:
3226:
3216:
3204:
3203:
3199:
3194:
3190:
3181:
3177:
3167:
3165:
3159:
3158:
3154:
3149:
3145:
3119:
3118:
3114:
3105:
3101:
3091:Wayback Machine
3082:
3078:
3061:
3057:
3045:
3041:
3032:
3028:
3019:
3015:
3003:
2999:
2987:
2983:
2976:
2972:
2965:
2961:
2931:
2930:
2926:
2911:
2898:
2897:
2893:
2883:
2870:
2869:
2865:
2855:
2853:
2839:
2838:
2834:
2824:
2822:
2820:
2802:
2801:
2797:
2787:
2785:
2783:
2767:Hastings, James
2765:
2764:
2760:
2750:
2748:
2746:
2731:
2730:
2726:
2717:
2713:
2699:
2697:
2690:
2675:
2674:
2670:
2661:
2659:
2650:
2649:
2645:
2639:Wayback Machine
2616:
2614:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2574:
2570:
2549:
2547:
2538:
2525:
2521:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2472:Nadav Naʼaman,
2471:
2467:
2447:
2446:
2442:
2433:
2429:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2400:
2399:
2395:
2390:
2386:
2364:
2363:
2359:
2351:Carrol, James.
2350:
2343:
2330:
2326:
2300:
2296:
2291:
2269:
2245:
2215:
2146:Beyt-i Mukaddes
2076:Beytül-Müqəddəs
1925:Tiberian Hebrew
1907:Standard Hebrew
1804:Madīnat al-Quds
1737:Khwarezmi Turks
1711:
1664:Tiberian Hebrew
1629:
1601:
1581:Tiberian Hebrew
1491:Tiberian Hebrew
1426:Tiberian Hebrew
1346:Biblical Hebrew
1324:
1275:
1269:
1131:
1122:
899:Biblical Hebrew
852:
837:URU ú-ru-sa-lim
780:
764:
731:
717:
712:
587:
558:
557:
553:Historical maps
508:
507:
498:
497:
441:
440:
429:
428:
401:
400:
390:
377:
376:
367:Tomb of Lazarus
291:
290:
279:
278:
225:
191:
190:
181:
180:
152:British Mandate
65:
64:
54:
12:
11:
5:
3453:
3451:
3443:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3412:
3411:
3408:
3407:
3372:
3371:External links
3369:
3368:
3367:
3362:
3343:
3340:
3337:
3336:
3313:Siroa, Sammy.
3305:
3298:
3274:
3267:
3237:
3197:
3188:
3175:
3160:Lurje, Pavel.
3152:
3143:
3112:
3099:
3084:Yisrael Shalem
3076:
3055:
3039:
3026:
3013:
2997:
2981:
2970:
2959:
2940:(1): 108–118.
2924:
2909:
2891:
2881:
2863:
2832:
2818:
2795:
2781:
2758:
2744:
2724:
2718:Ringgren, H.,
2711:
2688:
2668:
2643:
2595:
2568:
2519:
2498:(1): 111–125.
2478:
2465:
2459:. p. 34.
2440:
2427:
2413:
2393:
2384:
2357:
2341:
2324:
2302:Numbers Rabbah
2293:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2286:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2268:
2265:
2257:Masjid Al-Aqsa
2244:
2243:Sign languages
2241:
2170:
2169:
2148:
2140:
2119:
2117:Baitulmuqaddis
2110:
2107:Beytî Muqeddes
2099:بەیتی موقەددەس
2089:
2078:
2069:
2061:Байтул Макъдис
2050:Beit HaMikdash
2014:Bayt al-Maqdis
2011:
2010:
1957:
1944:
1922:
1904:
1883:
1845:
1774:Bayt al-Maqdis
1710:
1707:
1628:
1625:
1603:According to "
1600:
1599:Middle Persian
1597:
1596:
1595:
1594:
1593:
1578:
1564:
1546:
1513:
1509:(אֲרִיאֵל) in
1504:
1501:Jeremiah 31:23
1480:
1448:
1435:
1408:
1407:
1406:
1395:
1374:
1365:
1351:
1323:
1320:
1271:Main article:
1268:
1265:
1258:
1257:
1252:
1249:
1243:
1242:
1237:
1234:
1228:
1227:
1225:
1220:
1213:
1212:
1207:
1204:
1197:
1196:
1191:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1130:
1127:
1068:Genesis Rabbah
1019:Masoretic Text
1005:indicates the
984:أْوْرْسَـالِـم
911:Biblical Greek
858:Amarna letters
850:
797:A city called
793:
792:
789:
788:
785:
784:
778:Middle Kingdom
770:
769:
760:
759:
756:
755:
752:
751:
716:
713:
711:
708:
704:Beit HaMikdash
680:Bayt al-Maqdis
663:Biblical Greek
659:folk etymology
589:
588:
586:
585:
578:
571:
563:
560:
559:
556:
555:
550:
545:
540:
535:
530:
525:
520:
515:
509:
505:
504:
503:
500:
499:
496:
495:
493:US recognition
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
464:
463:
458:
453:
442:
436:
435:
434:
431:
430:
427:
425:Crusader kings
422:
417:
412:
407:
402:
399:
398:
397:
396:
384:
383:
382:
379:
378:
375:
374:
369:
364:
359:
354:
349:
344:
339:
334:
329:
328:
327:
325:Al-Aqsa Mosque
322:
308:
303:
298:
292:
286:
285:
284:
281:
280:
277:
276:
271:
266:
261:
256:
251:
246:
241:
236:
230:
229:
224:
223:
218:
213:
208:
203:
197:
196:
192:
188:
187:
186:
183:
182:
177:
176:
173:
172:
161:Modern period
158:
157:
154:
148:
147:
144:
138:
137:
134:
128:
127:
124:
118:
117:
114:
108:
107:
104:
98:
97:
94:
88:
87:
84:
78:
77:
74:
66:
63:
62:
61:
60:
48:
47:
46:
43:
42:
34:
33:
27:
26:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3452:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3417:
3415:
3404:
3396:
3390:
3379:
3375:
3374:
3370:
3365:
3363:9780415346979
3359:
3355:
3351:
3346:
3345:
3341:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3309:
3306:
3301:
3295:
3291:
3287:
3286:
3278:
3275:
3270:
3264:
3260:
3256:
3255:
3250:
3244:
3242:
3238:
3233:
3221:
3213:
3212:
3207:
3201:
3198:
3192:
3189:
3185:
3179:
3176:
3163:
3156:
3153:
3147:
3144:
3139:
3135:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3116:
3113:
3109:
3103:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3085:
3080:
3077:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3059:
3056:
3052:
3048:
3043:
3040:
3036:
3030:
3027:
3023:
3017:
3014:
3011:
3007:
3001:
2998:
2995:
2991:
2985:
2982:
2979:
2974:
2971:
2968:
2963:
2960:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2928:
2925:
2921:
2916:
2912:
2910:0-7905-2935-1
2906:
2902:
2895:
2892:
2888:
2884:
2882:0-405-10298-4
2878:
2874:
2867:
2864:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2836:
2833:
2821:
2815:
2811:
2810:
2805:
2799:
2796:
2784:
2782:1-4102-1725-6
2778:
2774:
2773:
2768:
2762:
2759:
2747:
2745:9781585953653
2741:
2737:
2736:
2728:
2725:
2721:
2715:
2712:
2708:
2695:
2691:
2689:0-00-637531-6
2685:
2681:
2680:
2672:
2669:
2657:
2653:
2647:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2633:
2629:
2625:
2613:on 2014-02-21
2612:
2608:
2604:
2599:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2583:
2578:
2572:
2569:
2565:
2564:
2559:
2558:Knudtzon 1915
2545:
2543:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2523:
2520:
2515:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2489:
2482:
2479:
2475:
2469:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2449:Zellig Harris
2444:
2441:
2437:
2431:
2428:
2416:
2410:
2406:
2405:
2397:
2394:
2388:
2385:
2381:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2361:
2358:
2354:
2348:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2328:
2325:
2321:
2318:
2314:
2313:Song of Songs
2310:
2307:
2303:
2298:
2295:
2288:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2242:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2222:
2218:
2213:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2200:, as in some
2199:
2195:
2192:
2191:إِيْـلْـيَـاء
2188:
2185:
2181:
2174:
2168:
2167:
2162:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2138:
2133:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2108:
2103:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2087:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2067:
2066:Baytul Maqdis
2062:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2009:
2008:
2003:
1993:
1992:
1987:
1977:
1976:
1971:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1945:
1939:
1938:
1933:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1920:
1915:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1902:
1897:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1875:
1865:
1864:
1859:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1824:Kudüs-i Şerîf
1821:
1817:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1792:
1787:
1785:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1766:
1762:
1761:إِيْـلْـيَـاء
1758:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1744:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1729:
1724:
1720:
1719:medieval city
1716:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1691:
1685:
1679:إِيْـلْـيَـاء
1676:
1672:
1665:
1660:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1649:
1646:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1598:
1592:
1590:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1551:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1540:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1524:Ir Ha-Kedosha
1521:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1511:Isaiah 29:1–8
1508:
1505:
1502:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1465:Dominus videt
1463:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1451:The Lord sees
1449:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1423:
1420:
1416:
1415:City of David
1412:
1411:City of David
1409:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1283:
1279:
1274:
1266:
1264:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1154:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1143:Genesis 14:18
1140:
1136:
1128:
1126:
1120:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1089:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1069:
1064:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1030:
1026:
1025:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
999:
997:
994:as the word "
993:
988:
980:
976:
974:
968:
966:
961:
958:) as well as
951:
948:
944:
934:
930:
920:
916:
912:
904:
900:
896:
895:Western World
892:
888:
884:
882:
881:Canaanite god
878:
874:
870:
865:
864:(1330s BCE).
863:
859:
854:
844:
838:
832:
826:
824:
820:
816:
815:Nadav Na'aman
812:
808:
804:
800:
791:
790:
787:
786:
779:
775:
772:
771:
768:
762:
761:
743:
742:
739:
738:
735:
734:
730:
726:
722:
714:
709:
707:
705:
701:
695:
686:
682:
681:
676:
668:
664:
661:, notably in
660:
656:
652:
644:
640:
639:
631:יְרוּשָׁלַיִם
627:
623:
622:
616:
614:
610:
606:
603:
599:
595:
584:
579:
577:
572:
570:
565:
564:
562:
561:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
519:
516:
514:
511:
510:
502:
501:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
473:Jerusalem Day
471:
469:
468:Jerusalem Law
466:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
448:
447:
444:
443:
439:
433:
432:
426:
423:
421:
418:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
395:
392:
391:
389:
386:
385:
381:
380:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
343:
340:
338:
335:
333:
330:
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86:538 BCE–70 CE
85:
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75:
73:
72:City of David
70:
69:
59:
56:
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50:
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36:
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32:
28:
24:
20:
19:
16:
3349:
3342:Bibliography
3327:. Retrieved
3318:
3308:
3284:
3277:
3253:
3210:
3200:
3191:
3178:
3166:. Retrieved
3155:
3146:
3129:
3125:
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3102:
3079:
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3021:
3016:
3009:
3005:
3000:
2993:
2989:
2984:
2973:
2962:
2937:
2933:
2927:
2914:
2900:
2894:
2886:
2872:
2866:
2854:. Retrieved
2850:the original
2845:
2835:
2823:. Retrieved
2808:
2798:
2786:. Retrieved
2771:
2761:
2749:. Retrieved
2734:
2727:
2719:
2714:
2705:
2698:. Retrieved
2694:the original
2678:
2671:
2660:. Retrieved
2658:. 2015-05-17
2655:
2646:
2623:
2615:. Retrieved
2611:the original
2602:
2598:
2590:
2586:
2581:
2571:
2561:
2550:11 September
2548:. Retrieved
2541:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2495:
2491:
2481:
2473:
2468:
2460:
2452:
2443:
2435:
2430:
2418:. Retrieved
2403:
2396:
2387:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2360:
2327:
2297:
2253:Western Wall
2246:
2232:
2228:
2216:
2214:
2208:1:6, 4:191;
2193:
2190:
2186:
2179:
2177:اَلْـبَـلَاط
2171:
2165:
2164:
2154:
2145:
2136:
2135:
2125:
2116:
2106:
2105:
2095:
2086:Baitulmaqdis
2084:
2075:
2065:
2064:
2060:
2049:
2030:al-Muqaddasi
2017:
2013:
2012:
2006:
2005:
1995:
1990:
1989:
1979:
1974:
1973:
1963:
1954:
1950:
1936:
1935:
1928:
1918:
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1842:
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1778:
1773:
1772:
1769:
1764:
1763:
1760:
1755:
1754:
1751:
1745:
1741:19th century
1726:
1717:in 638. The
1712:
1701:1:6, 4:191;
1670:
1661:
1643:
1630:
1612:
1608:
1602:
1586:
1583:
1575:Matthew 5:35
1570:
1548:
1523:
1520:Ir Ha-Kodesh
1519:
1515:
1506:
1496:
1493:
1489:(נווה צדק),
1487:Neveh Tzedek
1486:
1482:
1476:
1472:
1471:(יראה) with
1468:
1464:
1455:Adonai-jireh
1454:
1450:
1446:Judges 19:10
1437:
1431:
1428:
1421:
1410:
1403:
1400:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1371:
1362:
1359:
1348:
1340:2 Sam 5:7–10
1336:Judges 19:10
1332:Temple Mount
1328:Mount Moriah
1327:
1315:
1305:
1297:Temple Mount
1288:
1276:
1261:
1254:
1239:
1222:
1209:
1193:
1155:
1146:
1134:
1132:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1090:
1075:
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1065:
1060:
1048:
1044:
1041:vocalization
1028:
1022:
1010:
1002:
1000:
989:
978:
970:
962:
949:
932:
928:
918:
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886:
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876:
868:
866:
827:
822:
818:
810:
798:
796:
703:
679:
678:
674:
651:Yerushalayim
650:
637:
636:
621:Yerushalayim
620:
619:
617:
593:
592:
523:Municipality
512:
506:Other topics
488:Islamization
456:Christianity
362:Biblical Zoo
332:Western Wall
311:Temple Mount
112:Early Muslim
15:
3329:15 February
3228:|work=
2856:17 December
2825:17 December
2788:17 December
2751:17 December
2546:. Tau.ac.il
2198:Middle Ages
2072:Azerbaijani
1843:Qüdsi-Şərif
1831:Azerbaijani
1809:Ir HaKodesh
1752:اَلْـقُـدْس
1746:The modern
1627:Greco-Roman
1567:Koine Greek
1497:Nəwēh Ṣeḏeq
1494:נְוֵה-צֶדֶק
1429:עִיר דָּוִד
1289:Har Tsiyyon
1139:Melchizedek
1097:Hierosolyma
1001:The ending
965:Hierosolyma
929:Hierosolyma
915:Hierousalēm
903:Yerushalaim
849:URU ú-ru-ša
767:hieroglyphs
706:in Hebrew.
647:اَلْـقُـدْس
483:Judaization
415:Grand Mufti
410:Chief Rabbi
3414:Categories
3401:(493
3249:Gil, Moshe
2662:2019-11-21
2617:2014-02-11
2289:References
2259:(i.e. the
2158:بيت المقدس
2081:Indonesian
2026:al-Maqdisi
1991:Quds Śarīf
1943:"The Holy"
1617:Fereydun's
1561:Psalm 48:2
1388:مُـرَيَّـا
1380:مُـرِيَّـا
1286:הר צִיּוֹן
1278:Mount Zion
1203:(variant)
1180:Translit.
1114:Ἱερουσαλήμ
1093:Ierousalēm
1015:Septuagint
938:Ιεροσόλυμα
933:Ierosolyma
924:Ιερουσαλήμ
919:Ierousalēm
811:(U)Rušalim
337:Synagogues
228:Common Era
106:325–638 CE
96:130–325 CE
3425:Jerusalem
3354:Routledge
3230:ignored (
3220:cite book
3162:"KANGDEZ"
3022:leg. all.
2994:Jerusalem
2954:219879544
2679:Jerusalem
2514:259120316
2420:19 August
2377:(2): 11.
2048:, called
1955:Yeruşalim
1937:HaQodhesh
1930:הַקֹּדֶשׁ
1912:הַקֹּדֶשׁ
1835:Yerusəlim
1684:romanized
1621:Shahnameh
1605:Shahnameh
1543:Neh 11:18
1528:Isa 48:42
1518:, Hebrew
1485:, Hebrew
1479:(ירושלם).
1477:Jerusalem
1453:, Hebrew
1444:city) in
1432:ʿîr Dāwiḏ
1401:מוֹרִיָּה
1367:Biblical
1306:From the
1236:سَـالِـم
1216:Biblical
1174:Language
1119:holy name
1086:midrashim
973:Ierusalem
887:Jerusalem
869:uru-salim
862:Abdi-Heba
856:) in the
821:(head) +
721:Abdi-Heba
715:Jerusalem
702:, called
598:Jerusalem
543:Transport
538:City Line
165:Jordanian
156:1917–1948
146:1517–1917
136:1187–1517
126:1099–1187
102:Byzantine
31:Jerusalem
3389:cite web
3323:Archived
3251:(1997).
3208:(1977).
3168:15 April
3087:Archived
2934:Tel Aviv
2806:(2007).
2769:(2004).
2707:Arabic).
2700:26 April
2635:Archived
2533:e.g. in
2531:Urušalim
2527:Urusalim
2492:Tel Aviv
2451:(1939).
2335:website
2267:See also
2212:20:26).
2187:palatium
2180:al-Balāṭ
2129:بيت مقدس
2038:semantic
2007:Yaroślam
1983:قدس شریف
1919:HaKodesh
1855:ئۆرشەلیم
1820:Ottomans
1723:Old City
1669:
1634:was the
1553:Hebrew:
1539:Neh 11:1
1536:Dan 9:24
1532:Isa 51:1
1442:Jebusite
1424:עיר דוד
1422:Ir David
1404:Môriyyāh
1354:Biblical
1293:Jebusite
1164:and the
1162:Josephus
1151:El Elyon
1055:and the
901:form is
843:Urušalim
831:Urusalim
478:Quds Day
306:Old City
122:Crusader
116:638–1099
76:1000 BCE
58:Timeline
23:a series
21:Part of
3319:YouTube
3035:Ant. J.
2656:Haaretz
2566:(1920).
2320:Genesis
2306:Baraita
2210:Muwatta
2206:Bukhari
2143:Turkish
2122:Persian
2092:Kurdish
2042:Hadiths
1947:Turkish
1932:
1914:
1886:Persian
1863:Orşelîm
1848:Kurdish
1791:Al-Quds
1756:al-Quds
1709:Islamic
1703:Muwatta
1699:Bukhari
1686::
1459:Vulgate
1392:Murayyā
1384:Muriyyā
1251:שָׁלֵם
1206:Σόλυμα
1033:ירושלים
979:Ūrsālim
950:Ūrišlem
805:of the
801:in the
696:
638:Al-Quds
633:
605:Midrash
533:Cuisine
451:Judaism
357:Knesset
342:Mosques
315:Al-Aqsa
211:587 BCE
206:597 BCE
201:701 BCE
142:Ottoman
52:History
3399:
3360:
3296:
3265:
3072:Shalim
3051:Shalim
3047:Shalem
3037:1.180.
2952:
2907:
2879:
2816:
2779:
2742:
2686:
2535:EA 287
2512:
2411:
2322:46, 8;
2237:Syriac
2233:Ṣihyūn
2229:Ṣahyūn
2221:Arabic
2217:Ṣahyūn
2202:Hadith
2194:ʼĪlyāʼ
2173:Arabic
2022:nisbas
1999:یروشلم
1748:Arabic
1695:Hadith
1690:ʼĪlyāʼ
1675:Arabic
1473:Shalem
1469:Yir'eh
1419:Hebrew
1413:: The
1398:Hebrew
1377:Arabic
1363:Mōrias
1360:Μώριας
1301:Moriah
1282:Hebrew
1247:Hebrew
1232:Arabic
1210:Solyma
1190:Σαλήμ
1129:Shalem
1101:hieros
1077:Shalem
1072:yir'eh
1037:ירושלם
996:shalom
955:ܐܘܪܫܠܡ
947:Syriac
927:), or
907:ירושלם
897:. The
873:Shalim
799:Ꜣwšꜣmm
763:ꜣwšꜣmm
727:, and
685:Arabic
675:hieros
643:Arabic
635:) and
626:Hebrew
609:Hebrew
602:Jewish
518:Emblem
388:People
288:Places
221:37 BCE
216:63 BCE
189:Sieges
3381:(PDF)
3132:(3).
3024:3.79.
2950:S2CID
2918:(see
2510:S2CID
2315:3,1;
2278:Shaam
2225:صهيون
2184:Latin
2113:Malay
1951:Kudüs
1841:, or
1796:Islam
1765:Īlyā'
1648:Aelia
1636:Roman
1507:Ariel
1462:Latin
1457:, in
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1394:) (?)
1386:) or
1372:Moria
1369:Latin
1357:Greek
1349:מוריה
1255:Šālēm
1240:Sālim
1223:Salem
1218:Latin
1201:Greek
1194:Salēm
1177:Name
1135:šālêm
1109:ἱερός
1105:Greek
1082:Philo
1061:-ayim
1053:lamed
1029:-ayim
1011:-ayim
1003:-ayim
992:Š-L-M
960:Latin
891:Bible
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671:ἱερός
667:Greek
548:Songs
513:Names
461:Islam
405:Mayor
175:1948-
3395:link
3358:ISBN
3331:2021
3294:ISBN
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3232:help
3170:2017
3106:See
2920:here
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2858:2011
2827:2011
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2790:2011
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1267:Zion
1158:Zion
1123:ΙΛΗΜ
1047:and
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877:yrw,
853:-lim
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301:West
296:East
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269:1917
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