1048:
1693:
1344:
1302:
1151:
1119:
1271:
1175:
1773:
1205:
1712:
1674:
1087:
1322:
1751:
1244:
1732:
1856:
1221:
1970:
1388:
1915:
2063:
2084:
51:
5018:
1855:
1692:
3208:
357:
1442:
1969:
1270:
1343:
224:
1047:
1174:
1301:
1118:
1150:
1204:
1772:
1914:
1243:
1086:
862:
became the predominant style in western Iran, as artists gravitated to work in
Safavid royal scriptorium. The most famous of these calligraphers working for the court in Tabriz was Shah Mahmud Nishapuri (d. 1564/1565), known especially for the unusual choice of
1750:
714:
presented by Elaine Wright was further complicated by studies of
Francis Richard, who on the basis of some manuscripts from Tabriz argued that its early evolution was not confined to Shiraz. Finally, many authors point out that development of
1321:
1711:
1731:
1673:
1819:(formerly Monotype Corp & Monotype Typography). Although this employed over 20,000 ligatures (individually designed character combinations), it provided accurate results and allowed newspapers such as Pakistan's
1220:
1544:
only in so far as some of the letters were shrunk (shekasteh, lit. "broken") and detached letters and words were sometimes joined. These unauthorized connections "mean that calligraphers can write
1660:
was used only in Iran and to a small extent in
Afghanistan and Ottoman Empire. Its use in Afghanistan was different from the Persian norm and sometimes only as experimental devices (
1014:. He introduced new and precise proportions of the script, different than in Iranian tradition. The most important member of this school in the second half of the 19th century was
1536:. Its development is connected with the fact that "the increasing use of nastaʿlīq and consequent need to write it quickly exposed it to a process of gradual attrition." The
883:(d. 1892), the most important calligrapher of the 19th century, reintroduced the more compact style, writing words on a smaller scale in a single motion. In the 19th century
702:
modified what
Shirazi had created by gradually rendering it thinner and defining its canons, until the time when Khwaja Mir ʿAli Tabrizi brought this script to perfection.
3021:
2895:
3054:
1250:
875:(d. 1615), "whose style was the model in the following centuries." Mir Emad's successors in the 17th and 18th centuries had developed a more elongated style of
1825:
to use digital typesetting instead of an army of calligraphers. It suffered from two problems in the 1990s: its non-availability on standard platforms such as
2865:
3423:
626:, who lived at the end of the 14th and the beginning of the 15th century. That tradition was questioned by Elaine Wright, who traced the evolution of
727:
in some 13th-century manuscripts. Hamid Reza Afsari traces first elements of the style in 11th-century copies of
Persian translations of the Qur'an.
2175:
as it is a particular style of Arabic script and not a writing system in its own right. Nastaliq letterforms are produced by choosing a
Nastaliq
3474:
2104:. Apple provides this font on all Mac installations since macOS High Sierra. Likewise, Apple has carried this font on iOS devices since iOS 11.
3354:
2249:
2455:
1698:
Double page from the "Majmu‘a-i munsh‘at" – collection of correspondence sent by
Persian rulers compiled by Abu‘l-Qasim Ivughli Haydar.
2866:"Urdu: some thoughts about the script and grammar, and other general notes for students assembled from years of classroom notes by FWP"
4017:
2941:
2813:
2622:
3364:
3359:
3047:
2153:
style uses more than three general forms for many letters, even in non-decorative documents. For example, most documents written in
2079:
Windows 8 was the first version of
Microsoft Windows to have native Nastaliq support, through Microsoft's "Urdu Typesetting" font.
1570:
gradually replaced the latter as the script of decrees and documents. Later, it also came into use for writing prose and poetry.
1387:
4664:
1364:
1007:
652:, as was commonly thought. In addition to study of the practice of calligraphy, Elaine Wright also found a document written by
2669:
1601:
still lacked consistency (it is especially visible in writing of
Mortazaqoli Khan Shamlu). Most modern scholars consider that
4191:
3457:
843:, but then lost to the style canonized by Sultan Ali Mashhadi – although it continued to be used in the Indian subcontinent.
525:
161:
2896:"The chart below gives the different positional variants of some of the significantly different letters. (scanned document)"
1597:(d. 1688–89). Both of them produced works of real artistic quality, which does not change the fact that in this early phase
4639:
3416:
3303:
3298:
2046:
font licensed from
Monotype Imaging. This font is still used in current versions of the software for Windows. As of 2009,
1783:
58:
2042:, was developed for Pakistan's newspaper industry by an Indian software company Concept Software Pvt Ltd. It offered the
5052:
5047:
5042:
3956:
3507:
3040:
2957:
2903:
2265:
5062:
1129:
292:
694:
and stretched forms and introduced variations in the thickness of the line. So a new script was created, to be named
1609:(d. 1771), "who gave the script its distinctive and definite form." The tradition of Taleqani was later followed by
4600:
4079:
1764:
1614:
1335:
1161:
1142:
880:
829:
990:(d. 1488), belonged to the western tradition. But relatively early Ottoman calligraphers adopted eastern style of
5057:
4353:
4343:
4320:
1838:
1703:
1235:
821:
developed in western and southern Iran. It was associated with ʿAbd al-Rahman Khwarazmi, the calligrapher of the
730:
Persian differs from Arabic in its proportion of straight and curved letters. It also lacks the definite article
3013:
2598:
1652:
which is faster to write and read, but less artistic. Long used in governmental and other institutions in Iran,
1258:
935:
5021:
4929:
4411:
3409:
2981:
1684:
1641:
1285:
931:
1594:
4478:
4176:
4119:
3522:
2873:
2716:
2695:
2674:
2547:
2335:
2273:
1680:
1645:
1578:
489:
484:
1738:
1656:
degenerated in the first half of the 20th century, but later again engaged the attention of calligraphers.
1610:
1211:
995:
939:
30:
The Nastaliq text on this page will show in a different style if you do not have a Nastaliq font installed.
4284:
4244:
4169:
4164:
3928:
3464:
3247:
2538:
2460:
2414:
2166:
1779:
1618:
1110:
1027:
513:
325:
2779:"The evolving Story of Locale Support, part 9: Nastaleeq vs. Nastaliq? Either way, Windows 8 has got it!"
762:
encourage the pile-up of letters against the intercolumnar ruling. Only later was it adopted for prose."
5010:
4843:
4795:
4605:
4587:
4580:
4570:
4565:
4557:
4377:
4112:
4084:
4074:
3878:
3502:
3096:
2236:. 11th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems. Tours, France: IEEE. pp. 191–195.
810:
742:
are responsible for distinct verticality and rhythm of the text written in Arabic. Hanging scripts like
344:
2062:
987:
942:(d. 1671), nephew and student of Mir Emad, who after his arrival in India became court calligrapher of
2665:
1360:
1023:
4746:
4506:
4426:
3906:
3392:
3262:
1718:
1606:
1078:
1031:
320:
299:
207:
4805:
4615:
4488:
4311:
3862:
3776:
3164:
3136:
3063:
2765:
2589:
2405:
2193:
2188:
2083:
1837:
nature of text entry, whereby the document had to be created by commands in Monotype's proprietary
1760:
1742:
1134:
951:
839:; 1478–1490). This more angular western Iranian style was largely dominant at the beginning of the
806:
337:
310:
287:
275:
258:
253:
248:
3177:
2745:"زندگی آگے بڑھنے کا نام اور جمود موت ہے: نوری نستعلیق کی ایجاد سے خط نستعلیق کی دائمی حفاظت ہوگئی"
4973:
4659:
4575:
4372:
4297:
3078:
1548:
faster than any other script." Manuscripts from this early period show signs of the influence of
1308:
1293:
1058:
1006:(d. 1798), who closely followed Mir Emad. This tradition was further developed by son of Yasari,
1003:
907:
613:
315:
304:
270:
243:
814:
719:
was a process which takes a few centuries. For example, Gholam-Hosayn Yusofi, Ali Alparslan and
2986:
2228:
Akram, Qurat ul Ain; Hussain, Sarmad; Niazi, Aneeta; Anjum, Umair; Irfan, Faheem (April 2014).
4720:
4473:
4393:
4333:
4096:
4003:
3988:
3899:
3561:
3556:
3549:
3542:
3272:
3267:
2990:
2937:
2618:
2245:
2129:
2054:
font with Kasheeda has been added to it along with compatibility with OpenType Unicode fonts.
1826:
1812:
1165:
1125:
521:
157:
2690:
4883:
4741:
4539:
4520:
4483:
4362:
4292:
4235:
4220:
4147:
3993:
3978:
3923:
3885:
3589:
3532:
3492:
3252:
3227:
3154:
2846:
2711:
2419:
2237:
2208:
2119:
2115:
1816:
1552:; while having the appearance of a shrunken form of nastaliq, they also contain features of
1501:
1231:
872:
833:
589:
517:
475:
396:
174:
153:
3207:
1628:
increasingly difficult to read and it remained the script of documents and decrees, "while
50:
4924:
4853:
4790:
4784:
4653:
4528:
4468:
4328:
4272:
4257:
4252:
4225:
4215:
4159:
4132:
4107:
4042:
4036:
4022:
4008:
3965:
3947:
3547:
3537:
3517:
3452:
3106:
1722:
1632:
retained its pre-eminence as the main calligraphic style." The need for simplification of
1262:
1097:
1063:
770:
623:
537:
282:
265:
706:
Thus, "our earliest written source also credits Shirazi scribes with the development of
5004:
4934:
4868:
4773:
4547:
4436:
4431:
4416:
4401:
4367:
4152:
3527:
3469:
3121:
2542:
2125:
2107:
2000:
1885:
1464:
1416:
1184:
1054:
965:
903:
847:
600:
554:
3751:
3661:
3634:
2900:
Linked by www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00urdu/urduscript/section00.html#00_01
2409:
5036:
4966:
4961:
4947:
4893:
4828:
4810:
4696:
4681:
4675:
4644:
4463:
4458:
4443:
4406:
4267:
4262:
4186:
4142:
3998:
3972:
3713:
3704:
3497:
3484:
3222:
3193:
3086:
2423:
2330:
2203:
1102:
1093:
955:
915:
798:
774:
653:
609:
509:
238:
99:
2351:
828:(1456–1466) and after him was followed by his children, ʿAbd al-Karim Khwarazmi and
4939:
4898:
4838:
4818:
4778:
4691:
4686:
4453:
4448:
4338:
4061:
4047:
3839:
3821:
3614:
3380:
3338:
3091:
2929:
2137:
1554:
1446:
1277:
978:
840:
825:
720:
648:
605:
332:
139:
4763:
3172:
2110:
features a more extensive character set than most Nastaliq typefaces, supporting:
895:
revived, and some outstandingly able masters of the art have since then emerged."
887:
was also adopted in Iran for lithographed books. In the 20th century, "the use of
809:(d. 1520), a student of Azhar (or perhaps one of Azhar's students) who worked for
2827:
2799:
4833:
4725:
4669:
4421:
3830:
3582:
3282:
2778:
2039:
1331:
1015:
891:
declined. After World War II, however, interest in calligraphy and above all in
782:
563:
215:
118:
17:
3733:
3679:
2229:
1811:
which was first created as a digital font in 1981 through the collaboration of
356:
3983:
3892:
2101:
1821:
943:
836:
790:
143:
135:
2593:
2277:
4888:
2198:
1227:
822:
759:
630:
in 14th-century Iran and showed how it developed gradually among scribes in
529:
505:
186:
165:
1441:
1392:
1180:
4764:
3849:
3840:
3831:
3822:
3813:
3804:
3795:
3786:
3777:
3768:
3759:
3749:
3741:
3731:
3723:
3714:
3705:
3696:
3687:
3677:
3669:
3659:
3651:
3642:
3632:
3624:
3615:
3606:
968:, which has always had strong cultural ties to Iran. Here it was known as
773:, who passed his style to his son ʿUbaydallah. The student of Ubaydallah,
4863:
4756:
3566:
3328:
3111:
1862:
1312:
923:
846:
The most famous calligrapher of the next generation in eastern lands was
567:
122:
114:
2241:
2230:"Adapting Tesseract for Complex Scripts: An Example for Urdu Nastalique"
1558:"due to their being written by scribes who had been trained in taʿlīq."
223:
4908:
3572:
3257:
3232:
3126:
2172:
1976:
1834:
1699:
1356:
1351:
1188:
793:(therefore his epithet Baysunghuri). Jafar trained several students in
3032:
2814:"Apple finally enables Nastaleeq typeface for Urdu keyboard in iOS 11"
2744:
998:(d. 1647), transplanted his style to Istanbul. The greatest master of
710:
and Mir ʿAli Tabrizi with its canonization." The picture of origin of
4823:
4751:
3803:
3447:
3432:
3277:
3237:
3144:
2047:
2038:
Urdu, which is a functional page layout software for Windows akin to
2035:
1830:
1756:
1067:
699:
631:
541:
131:
4903:
4858:
4848:
3767:
3722:
3695:
3668:
3641:
3605:
3577:
3401:
3333:
3242:
3149:
3116:
3101:
2615:
Reading Nasta'liq: Persian and Urdu Hands from 1500 to the Present
2234:
2014 11th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems
2061:
1980:
1440:
1386:
1289:
1138:
1106:
919:
778:
355:
78:
3026:
4878:
3848:
3794:
3785:
3758:
3740:
3686:
3650:
2969:
2176:
2154:
2133:
2111:
1927:
1010:(d. 1849), who was a real founder of distinct Ottoman school of
559:
549:
533:
170:
127:
110:
3405:
3036:
3001:
570:, and other countries for written poetry and as a form of art.
3812:
3623:
453:
423:
2050:
has become Unicode based, supporting more languages and the
1540:
emerged in the early 17th century and differed from proper
447:
414:
674:. Some Shirazi modified it by taking out the flattened
2995:
1648:(d. 1900). The secretarial style is a simplified form of
1210:
Opening double page from the Qur'an manuscript copied by
867:
as a script used for the copy of the Qur'an. Its apogeum
558:
beginning in the 13th century and remains widely used in
438:
405:
2828:"What is Special About Awami Nastaliq? - Awami Nastaliq"
27:
Predominant calligraphic hand of the Perso-Arabic script
2136:
websites in 2013. The font was announced by Urdu poet
1187:
and later mounted in the so-called "Kevorkian Album".
854:, especially renowned for his calligraphic specimens (
3005:
2973:
2961:
1921:
1802:
1531:
1525:
1519:
1494:
1486:
1376:
617:
583:
456:
441:
435:
426:
408:
402:
399:
2449:
2447:
2445:
2074: in the font "Urdu Typesetting".
450:
444:
420:
411:
4982:
4917:
4804:
4734:
4713:
4638:
4556:
4538:
4499:
4392:
4352:
4319:
4310:
4283:
4243:
4234:
4208:
4095:
3955:
3946:
3937:
3916:
3870:
3861:
3598:
3483:
3440:
3373:
3347:
3312:
3291:
3215:
3186:
3163:
3135:
3077:
3070:
2636:
2634:
1018:(d. 1912), who taught many famous practitioners of
938:. Another important practitioner of the script was
914:became favorite script at the Persian court of the
690:. From other scripts they then brought in a curved
432:
417:
185:
180:
149:
105:
95:
85:
73:
37:
2388:
2386:
2384:
1367:. 20th century (before 1913). Sakıp Sabancı Museum
2095: in the font "Noto Nastaliq".
1581:(d. 1670–71) (he was known as Shafiʿa and hence
3014:Profiles and works of World Islamic calligraphy
2100:Google has an open-source Nastaliq font called
1307:Calligrapher's license with a rubaʿi copied by
1034:(d. 1976). The specialty of Ottoman school was
664:
1636:resulted in development of secretarial style (
1605:reached its peak of artistic perfection under
3417:
3048:
2847:"Amar Nastaleeq Font for Urdu Web Publishing"
2005:
1985:
1949:
1890:
1868:
1511:
1469:
1453:
1421:
1399:
976:), which should not be confused with Persian
361:
8:
2613:Spooner, Brian; Hanaway, William L. (1995).
2584:
2582:
2533:
2531:
1214:, dated 12 June 1538. Topkapı Palace Museum
4316:
4240:
3952:
3943:
3867:
3424:
3410:
3402:
3074:
3055:
3041:
3033:
2352:"Nastaleeq: A challenge accepted by Omega"
2329:Gholam-Hosayn Yusofi (December 15, 1990).
2088:
2067:
1987:
1983:in Nastaliq font (by Software), in print:
1937:
1935:
1870:
1506:
1455:
1401:
982:. First Iranian calligraphers who brought
926:(1605–1627) worked such famous masters of
594:
466:
363:
222:
202:
64:
41:
2324:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2012:مرا عهدیست با جانان که تا جان در بدن دارم
1991:مرا عهدیست با جانان که تا جان در بدن دارم
1288:and finished in the forty-second year of
950:became the common script for writing the
758:was developed for Persian poetry, "whose
750:were suitable for writing Persian – when
2998:: Official InPage Urdu DTP software site
2082:
1038:used in inscriptions and mosque plates.
994:. In 17th century, student of Mir Emad,
817:. At the same time a different style of
197:, Arabic (Nastaliq variant)
2220:
1851:
1807:typography began with the invention of
1669:
1043:
214:
55:"Welcome to Knowledge (XXG)" in Persian
3029:: A Nastaliq font by SIL International
2350:Atif Gulzar; Shafiq ur Rahman (2007).
2171:Nastaliq is not separately encoded in
1395:of Omar Khayyam in Shekasteh Nastaliq.
777:(d. 1431) (see quote above), moved to
34:
3355:Al-Furqan Islamic Heritage Foundation
3022:Nastaliq Script | Persian Calligraphy
2766:How to bring a language to the future
1573:The first important calligraphers of
1445:A line of poetry by the Iranian poet
483:
474:
7:
2743:Khurshiq, Iqbal (17 November 2013).
2014:هواداران کویش را چو جان خویشتن دارم
1993:هواداران کویش را چو جان خویشتن دارم
1530:") style is a "streamlined" form of
1292:'s reign (March 1597 – March 1598).
1505:
879:, with wider spaces between words.
593:
5009:Languages between parentheses are
2845:Riaz, fahmida (21 November 2013).
2454:Hamid Reza Afsari (17 June 2021).
1899:از بهر تو بیگانه شدم از همه خویشان
1876:از بهر تو بیگانه شدم از همه خویشان
1566:), being more easily legible than
1429:این نقد بگیر و دست از آن نسیه بدار
1407:این نقد بگیر و دست از آن نسیه بدار
1092:Opening page from a manuscript of
598:), meaning a hanging or suspended
25:
3365:Society of Iranian Calligraphists
3360:Museum of Turkish Calligraphy Art
2982:Iranian Calligraphers Association
2730:
2652:
2640:
2573:
2561:
2522:
2510:
2498:
2486:
2474:
2436:
2392:
2375:
2297:
2122:, Khowar, Palula, Saraiki, Shina.
1954:؎ کیا تنگ ہم ستم زدگان کا جہاں ہے
1938:؎ کیا تنگ ہم ستم زدگان کا جہاں ہے
902:very early expanded beyond Iran.
781:, when he became the head of the
582:"is a contraction of the Persian
368:("Nastaliq script") in Nastaliq.
5017:
5016:
3206:
2424:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0502
1968:
1913:
1854:
1846:Examples of Nastaliq typesetting
1771:
1749:
1730:
1710:
1691:
1672:
1359:'s ode on the Prophet copied by
1342:
1320:
1300:
1269:
1242:
1219:
1203:
1173:
1149:
1117:
1085:
1046:
723:recognize gradual shift towards
395:
49:
1895:بودم به تو عمری و ترا سیر ندیدم
1872:بودم به تو عمری و ترا سیر ندیدم
5013:of the language on their left.
3248:Islamic illuminated manuscript
2936:. Edinburgh University Press.
1979:versified by the Persian poet
1901:وحشی صفت از خلق به یکبار بریدم
1897:از وصل تو هرگز به مرادی نرسیدم
1878:وحشی صفت از خلق به یکبار بریدم
1874:از وصل تو هرگز به مرادی نرسیدم
1737:Plea for tax relief copied by
1431:کاواز دهل شنیدن از دور خوش است
1425:گویند کسان بهشت با حور خوش است
1409:کاواز دهل شنیدن از دور خوش است
1403:گویند کسان بهشت با حور خوش است
1330:(calligraphic inscription) by
1311:from an exemplar by Mir Emad.
801:(d. 1475). Its classical form
797:, of whom the most famous was
754:was used for court documents,
616:) attributed the invention of
1:
3304:List of Persian calligraphers
3299:List of Ottoman calligraphers
2058:Cross platform Nastaliq fonts
1782:. Iran, 1896. Library of the
1562:(usually shortened to simply
1427:من میگویم که آب انگور خوش است
1405:من میگویم که آب انگور خوش است
1315:, 1754. Topkapı Palace Museum
1192:
1162:ʿAbd al-Rahim Khwarazmi Anisi
1071:
946:(1628–1658). During this era
850:(d. 1544), who was master of
832:(both active at the court of
678:and straight bottom part of
656:
3508:Ancient South Arabian script
3475:Influence on other languages
1956:جس میں ایک بیضۂ مور آسماں ہے
1940:جس میں ایک بیضۂ مور آسماں ہے
1198:. Metropolitan Museum of Art
642:alone, and not by combining
634:. According to her studies,
536:. It is often used also for
4765:
3850:
3841:
3832:
3823:
3814:
3805:
3796:
3787:
3778:
3769:
3760:
3750:
3742:
3732:
3724:
3715:
3706:
3697:
3688:
3678:
3670:
3660:
3652:
3643:
3633:
3625:
3616:
3607:
3548:
3006:
2974:
2962:
2564:, p. 536-539, 552-554.
1922:
1803:
1532:
1526:
1520:
1495:
1487:
1377:
813:(1469–1506) and his vizier
618:
584:
5079:
2164:
1784:Islamic Parliament of Iran
1765:Metropolitan Museum of Art
1474:این قافلهٔ عُمر عجب میگذرد
1457:این قافلهٔ عُمر عجب میگذرد
1276:Page from a manuscript of
1261:, dated 14 December 1595.
1259:Abd al-Rahim Anbarin-Qalam
1143:Metropolitan Museum of Art
1124:Page from a manuscript of
1053:Opening page to a copy of
936:Abd al-Rahim Anbarin-Qalam
881:Mirza Mohammad Reza Kalhor
29:
4996:
4989:Islam and Arabic language
3389:
3204:
2543:"CALLIGRAPHY (continued)"
2007:
2006:
1986:
1951:
1950:
1936:
1892:
1891:
1869:
1839:page description language
1704:Arthur M. Sackler Gallery
1512:
1471:
1470:
1454:
1423:
1422:
1400:
1236:Museum of the Islamic Era
379:
372:
362:
91:14th century AD – present
48:
4930:Arabic script in Unicode
4665:Jordanian Bengali Pidgin
4025:(North-Eastern Tunisian)
2670:"ʿABD-AL-MAJĪD ṬĀLAQĀNĪ"
2004:
1984:
1948:
1934:
1926:script used for writing
1889:
1867:
1685:National Library of Iran
1642:Adib-al-Mamalek Farahani
1468:
1452:
1420:
1398:
1286:Muhammad Husayn Kashmiri
932:Muhammad Husayn Kashmiri
871:achieved in writings of
858:). The eastern style of
512:and it is used for some
4192:Western Egyptian Bedawi
2712:"GOLESTĀNA, ʿALI-AKBAR"
2410:"K̲h̲aṭṭ ii. In Persia"
2274:Oxford University Press
1861:Persian Chalipa panel,
1595:Mortazaqoli Khan Shamlu
1524:" or literally "broken
1141:, dated 25 April 1487.
986:to Ottoman lands, like
540:poetry, but rarely for
59:Persian Knowledge (XXG)
2461:Encyclopaedia Islamica
2415:Encyclopaedia of Islam
2167:Arabic (Unicode block)
2096:
2075:
1815:(as calligrapher) and
1763:. Iran, January 1831.
1759:issued in the Name of
1681:Mohammad Shafiʿ Heravi
1624:The added frills made
1579:Mohammad Shafiʿ Heravi
1482:
1449:in Shekasteh Nastaliq.
1438:
1111:Chester Beatty Library
704:
666:It must be known that
514:Indo-Iranian languages
385:
65:به ویکیپدیا خوش آمدید
4796:Quranic Arabic Corpus
3503:Ancient North Arabian
2972:: Online Service For
2960:: Online Service For
2691:"ḠOLĀM-REŻĀ ḴOŠNEVIS"
2179:to display the text.
2086:
2065:
1739:Mirza Kuchak Esfahani
1611:Mirza Kuchek Esfahani
1585:was sometimes called
1444:
1390:
1212:Shah Mahmud Nishapuri
1156:Colophon to Nizami's
996:Darvish Abdi Bokharai
940:Abd al-Rashid Daylami
811:Sultan Husayn Bayqara
662:, according to whom:
504:, is one of the main
485:[nəst̪ɑːliːq]
476:[næstʰæʔliːq]
359:
126:Historically used in
4747:Sun and moon letters
3907:Pre-classical Arabic
3263:Ottoman illumination
3223:Arabic calligraffiti
2816:. 23 September 2017.
2717:Encyclopædia Iranica
2696:Encyclopædia Iranica
2675:Encyclopædia Iranica
2548:Encyclopædia Iranica
2539:Gholam-Hosayn Yusofi
2336:Encyclopædia Iranica
2300:, p. xxii, 286.
2052:Faiz Lahori Nastaliq
1780:Ali Akbar Golestaneh
1719:Abdol Majid Taleqani
1638:shekasteh-ye tahriri
1619:Ali Akbar Golestaneh
1615:Gholam Reza Esfahani
1607:Abdol Majid Taleqani
1363:from an original by
1336:Sakıp Sabancı Museum
1079:Freer Gallery of Art
1062:with calligraphy by
1028:Mehmed Hulusi Yazgan
1002:in 18th century was
964:was also adopted in
765:The first master of
638:has its origin from
377:is used in place of
5053:Persian orthography
5048:Persian calligraphy
5043:Islamic calligraphy
4601:Judeo-Tripolitanian
4080:Judeo-Tripolitanian
3283:Islamic zoomorphism
3064:Islamic calligraphy
2934:Islamic Calligraphy
2800:"Google Noto Fonts"
2733:, p. 445, 471.
2599:İslâm Ansiklopedisi
2501:, p. 284, 430.
2270:Lexico Dictionaries
2242:10.1109/DAS.2014.45
2194:Persian calligraphy
2189:Islamic calligraphy
1761:Fath-Ali Shah Qajar
1743:Harvard Art Museums
1741:. Iran, 1795–1796.
1135:Sultan Ali Mashhadi
952:Hindustani language
934:(d. 1611/1612) and
830:ʿAbd al-Rahim Anisi
807:Sultan Ali Mashhadi
769:was aforementioned
510:Perso-Arabic script
5063:Iranian inventions
4974:MacArabic encoding
2655:, p. 444-445.
2576:, p. 513-518.
2525:, p. 446-447.
2513:, p. 430-436.
2489:, p. 277-280.
2102:Noto Nastaliq Urdu
2097:
2076:
1920:An example of the
1888:styled typeface:
1640:) by writers like
1560:Shekasteh nastaliq
1538:shekasteh nastaliq
1496:Shekasteh Nastaliq
1483:
1439:
1334:. Istanbul, 1906.
1294:Walters Art Museum
1059:Khosrow and Shirin
908:India subcontinent
906:brought it to the
508:used to write the
506:calligraphic hands
386:
5030:
5029:
5005:extinct languages
4944:MS-DOS codepages
4709:
4708:
4705:
4704:
4388:
4387:
4306:
4305:
4204:
4203:
3900:Old Hijazi Arabic
3399:
3398:
3273:Persian miniature
3268:Ottoman miniature
3202:
3201:
2989:for Macintosh by
2280:on March 28, 2022
2251:978-1-4799-3243-6
2003:styled typeface:
1827:Microsoft Windows
1813:Ahmed Mirza Jamil
1617:(d. 1886–87) and
988:Asadullah Kirmani
518:Classical Persian
354:
353:
201:
200:
154:Classical Persian
109:Commonly used in
16:(Redirected from
5070:
5058:Urdu calligraphy
5020:
5019:
4768:
4317:
4241:
4177:Western Algerian
4124:Eastern Algerian
4120:Algerian Saharan
4050:(Lesser Kabylia)
3953:
3944:
3886:Nabataean Arabic
3868:
3853:
3844:
3835:
3826:
3817:
3808:
3799:
3790:
3781:
3772:
3763:
3755:
3745:
3737:
3727:
3718:
3709:
3700:
3691:
3683:
3673:
3665:
3655:
3646:
3638:
3628:
3619:
3610:
3590:Maltese alphabet
3553:
3533:Algerian Braille
3523:Eastern numerals
3493:Nabataean script
3426:
3419:
3412:
3403:
3253:Mughal miniature
3228:Arabic miniature
3210:
3075:
3057:
3050:
3043:
3034:
3018:
3009:
3004:: Official Faiz
2977:
2965:
2947:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2911:
2902:. Archived from
2892:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2881:
2872:. Archived from
2870:www.columbia.edu
2861:
2855:
2854:
2842:
2836:
2835:
2832:software.sil.org
2824:
2818:
2817:
2810:
2804:
2803:
2796:
2790:
2789:
2787:
2786:
2775:
2769:
2763:
2757:
2756:
2754:
2752:
2740:
2734:
2728:
2722:
2721:
2710:Maryam Ekhtiar.
2707:
2701:
2700:
2689:Maryam Ekhtiar.
2686:
2680:
2679:
2666:Priscilla Soucek
2662:
2656:
2650:
2644:
2638:
2629:
2628:
2610:
2604:
2603:
2586:
2577:
2571:
2565:
2559:
2553:
2552:
2535:
2526:
2520:
2514:
2508:
2502:
2496:
2490:
2484:
2478:
2472:
2466:
2465:
2451:
2440:
2434:
2428:
2427:
2402:
2396:
2390:
2379:
2373:
2367:
2366:
2356:
2347:
2341:
2340:
2326:
2301:
2295:
2289:
2288:
2286:
2285:
2276:. Archived from
2262:
2256:
2255:
2225:
2199:Shahmukhi script
2128:was created for
2094:
2093:
2092:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2016:
2015:
1997:
1996:
1995:
1994:
1972:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1958:
1957:
1943:
1942:
1941:
1925:
1917:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1903:
1902:
1882:
1881:
1880:
1879:
1858:
1817:Monotype Imaging
1806:
1775:
1753:
1734:
1714:
1695:
1676:
1535:
1529:
1523:
1517:
1516:
1515:
1509:
1508:
1498:
1490:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1476:
1475:
1461:
1460:
1459:
1458:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1432:
1413:
1412:
1411:
1410:
1380:
1361:Mehmed Nazif Bey
1346:
1324:
1304:
1273:
1249:Colophon from a
1246:
1232:Mir Emad Hassani
1223:
1207:
1197:
1194:
1177:
1164:. Tabriz, 1481.
1153:
1121:
1089:
1076:
1073:
1050:
1024:Mehmed Nazif Bey
922:(1556–1605) and
873:Mir Emad Hassani
734:, whose upright
698:. After a while
670:is derived from
661:
658:
621:
604:" Virtually all
597:
596:
587:
516:, predominantly
487:
482:
478:
473:
469:
468:
463:
462:
459:
458:
455:
452:
449:
446:
443:
440:
437:
434:
429:
428:
425:
422:
419:
416:
413:
410:
407:
404:
401:
381:
374:
370:The dotted form
367:
366:
365:
360:Example saying,
226:
203:
196:
193:
175:Turkic languages
68:
66:
53:
43:
35:
21:
18:Nasta`liq script
5078:
5077:
5073:
5072:
5071:
5069:
5068:
5067:
5033:
5032:
5031:
5026:
4992:
4978:
4925:Arabic keyboard
4913:
4808:
4800:
4785:Mater lectionis
4779:Triliteral root
4730:
4701:
4642:
4634:
4552:
4534:
4495:
4384:
4348:
4302:
4279:
4230:
4200:
4091:
4071:Judeo-Maghrebi
3939:
3933:
3929:Modern Standard
3912:
3857:
3594:
3538:Maltese Braille
3518:Arabic numerals
3479:
3436:
3430:
3400:
3395:
3385:
3369:
3343:
3322:
3308:
3287:
3211:
3198:
3182:
3159:
3131:
3066:
3061:
3016:
2987:Nastaliq Writer
2970:Nastaliq Online
2954:
2944:
2928:
2925:
2920:
2919:
2909:
2907:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2879:
2877:
2863:
2862:
2858:
2844:
2843:
2839:
2834:. 17 July 2017.
2826:
2825:
2821:
2812:
2811:
2807:
2798:
2797:
2793:
2784:
2782:
2777:
2776:
2772:
2764:
2760:
2750:
2748:
2742:
2741:
2737:
2729:
2725:
2709:
2708:
2704:
2688:
2687:
2683:
2664:
2663:
2659:
2651:
2647:
2639:
2632:
2625:
2612:
2611:
2607:
2588:
2587:
2580:
2572:
2568:
2560:
2556:
2537:
2536:
2529:
2521:
2517:
2509:
2505:
2497:
2493:
2485:
2481:
2473:
2469:
2453:
2452:
2443:
2439:, p. xxii.
2435:
2431:
2404:
2403:
2399:
2391:
2382:
2374:
2370:
2354:
2349:
2348:
2344:
2328:
2327:
2304:
2296:
2292:
2283:
2281:
2264:
2263:
2259:
2252:
2227:
2226:
2222:
2217:
2185:
2169:
2163:
2147:
2090:
2089:
2069:
2068:
2060:
2032:
2027:
2026:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2013:
2011:
2009:
2008:
1998:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1973:
1964:
1963:
1955:
1953:
1952:
1947:
1945:
1944:
1939:
1933:
1931:
1918:
1909:
1908:
1900:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1883:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1871:
1865:
1859:
1848:
1847:
1809:Noori Nastaleeq
1799:
1791:
1790:
1789:
1786:
1778:Calligraphy by
1776:
1767:
1754:
1745:
1735:
1726:
1723:Golestan Palace
1717:Calligraphy by
1715:
1706:
1696:
1687:
1679:Calligraphy by
1677:
1550:shekasteh taliq
1513:
1481:
1473:
1472:
1462:
1456:
1450:
1437:
1430:
1428:
1426:
1424:
1414:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1396:
1385:
1373:
1372:
1371:
1368:
1347:
1338:
1325:
1316:
1305:
1296:
1274:
1265:
1263:British Library
1247:
1238:
1224:
1215:
1208:
1199:
1195:
1178:
1169:
1154:
1145:
1122:
1113:
1090:
1081:
1074:
1064:Mir Ali Tabrizi
1051:
1032:Necmeddin Okyay
815:Ali-Shir Nava'i
805:achieved under
771:Mir Ali Tabrizi
659:
624:Mir Ali Tabrizi
576:
538:Ottoman Turkish
480:
471:
465:
431:
398:
394:
383:
376:
369:
350:
349:
234:
194:
191:
173:
169:
160:
156:
125:
88:
81:
69:
62:
61:
56:
44:
39:
31:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5076:
5074:
5066:
5065:
5060:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5035:
5034:
5028:
5027:
5025:
5024:
5014:
5007:
4997:
4994:
4993:
4991:
4990:
4986:
4984:
4980:
4979:
4977:
4976:
4971:
4970:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4956:
4953:
4950:
4942:
4937:
4935:ISO/IEC 8859-6
4932:
4927:
4921:
4919:
4915:
4914:
4912:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4871:
4869:Naskh (script)
4866:
4861:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4815:
4813:
4802:
4801:
4799:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4761:
4760:
4759:
4754:
4749:
4738:
4736:
4732:
4731:
4729:
4728:
4723:
4717:
4715:
4711:
4710:
4707:
4706:
4703:
4702:
4700:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4649:
4647:
4636:
4635:
4633:
4632:
4631:
4630:
4627:
4624:
4621:
4613:
4612:
4611:
4606:Judeo-Tunisian
4603:
4598:
4597:
4596:
4593:
4588:Judeo-Moroccan
4585:
4584:
4583:
4573:
4571:Judeo-Egyptian
4568:
4566:Judeo-Algerian
4562:
4560:
4554:
4553:
4551:
4550:
4548:Bedouin Arabic
4544:
4542:
4536:
4535:
4533:
4532:
4525:
4524:
4523:
4518:
4515:
4512:
4503:
4501:
4497:
4496:
4494:
4493:
4492:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4440:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4398:
4396:
4390:
4389:
4386:
4385:
4383:
4382:
4381:
4380:
4370:
4365:
4359:
4357:
4350:
4349:
4347:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4325:
4323:
4314:
4308:
4307:
4304:
4303:
4301:
4300:
4295:
4289:
4287:
4281:
4280:
4278:
4277:
4276:
4275:
4270:
4260:
4255:
4249:
4247:
4238:
4232:
4231:
4229:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4212:
4210:
4206:
4205:
4202:
4201:
4199:
4198:
4197:
4196:
4195:
4194:
4181:
4180:
4179:
4174:
4173:
4172:
4167:
4160:Moroccan koiné
4157:
4156:
4155:
4145:
4137:
4136:
4135:
4133:Tunisian koiné
4129:Eastern Hilal
4127:
4126:
4125:
4122:
4117:
4116:
4115:
4113:Judeo-Algerian
4108:Algerian koiné
4104:Central Hilal
4101:
4099:
4093:
4092:
4090:
4089:
4088:
4087:
4085:Judeo-Tunisian
4082:
4077:
4075:Judeo-Moroccan
4069:
4068:
4067:
4066:
4065:
4059:
4053:
4052:
4051:
4045:
4040:
4028:
4027:
4026:
4015:
4014:
4013:
4012:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3969:
3961:
3959:
3950:
3941:
3935:
3934:
3932:
3931:
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2952:External links
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3150:Tawqi (Tevki)
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3002:Faiz Nastaliq
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2930:Blair, Sheila
2927:
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2922:
2906:on 2023-04-07
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2876:on 2023-04-06
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2617:. p. 3.
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2590:Ali Alparslan
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2456:"Calligraphy"
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2331:"Calligraphy"
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2209:Ruqʿah script
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2130:web embedding
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1514:شکسته نستعلیق
1507:شکسته نستعلیق
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1365:Mustafa Izzet
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1309:Mehmed Yasari
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1103:Jafar Tabrizi
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1099:
1095:
1088:
1083:
1080:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1037:
1036:celî nastaliq
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1008:Mustafa Izzet
1005:
1004:Mehmed Yasari
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
980:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
957:
956:Standard Urdu
954:, especially
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
896:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
861:
857:
853:
849:
844:
842:
838:
835:
831:
827:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
799:Azhar Tabrizi
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
775:Jafar Tabrizi
772:
768:
763:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
728:
726:
722:
718:
713:
709:
703:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
663:
655:
654:Jafar Tabrizi
651:
650:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
620:
615:
611:
610:Dust Muhammad
607:
603:
602:
595:نَسْخِ تَعلیق
591:
586:
581:
573:
571:
569:
565:
561:
557:
556:
551:
548:developed in
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
502:
497:
496:
491:
486:
477:
461:
392:
391:
358:
346:
343:
339:
336:
335:
334:
331:
327:
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
312:
309:
308:
306:
303:
301:
298:
294:
291:
289:
286:
285:
284:
281:
277:
274:
272:
269:
268:
267:
264:
260:
257:
255:
252:
250:
247:
245:
242:
241:
240:
237:
236:
230:
229:
225:
221:
220:
217:
213:
209:
205:
204:
190:
188:
184:
179:
176:
172:
167:
163:
159:
155:
152:
148:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
101:
100:Right-to-left
98:
94:
90:
84:
80:
76:
72:
60:
52:
47:
36:
33:
19:
5000:
4940:Windows-1256
4899:Taliq script
4873:
4839:Jeli Thuluth
4819:Ajami script
4783:
4687:Pidgin madam
4674:
4652:
4616:Judeo-Yemeni
4558:Judeo-Arabic
4540:Sociological
4527:
4489:Judeo-Yemeni
4312:Mesopotamian
4187:Libyan koiné
3971:
3964:
3957:Pre-Hilalian
3905:
3898:
3891:
3884:
3879:Proto-Arabic
3877:
3512:Zabūr script
3465:Romanization
3393:Islamic arts
3381:Pseudo-Kufic
3339:Word heaping
3092:Jeli Thuluth
2933:
2923:Bibliography
2908:. Retrieved
2904:the original
2899:
2890:
2878:. Retrieved
2874:the original
2869:
2859:
2850:
2840:
2831:
2822:
2808:
2794:
2783:. Retrieved
2781:. MSDN Blogs
2773:
2768:, 9 Feb 2021
2761:
2749:. Retrieved
2738:
2726:
2715:
2705:
2694:
2684:
2673:
2660:
2648:
2614:
2608:
2597:
2569:
2557:
2546:
2518:
2506:
2494:
2482:
2470:
2459:
2432:
2413:
2400:
2371:
2362:
2358:
2345:
2334:
2293:
2282:. Retrieved
2278:the original
2269:
2260:
2233:
2223:
2170:
2150:
2148:
2145:Letter forms
2138:Fahmida Riaz
2051:
2043:
2033:
1820:
1808:
1800:
1794:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1623:
1602:
1598:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1574:
1572:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1493:
1485:
1484:
1447:Omar Khayyam
1381:
1350:
1327:
1281:
1278:Amir Khusrau
1254:
1253:of Nizami's
1157:
1128:
1096:
1057:
1035:
1019:
1011:
999:
991:
983:
979:taliq script
977:
973:
969:
961:
960:
947:
927:
911:
899:
897:
892:
888:
884:
876:
868:
864:
859:
855:
851:
845:
826:Qara Qoyunlu
818:
802:
794:
789:) of prince
786:
766:
764:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
729:
724:
721:Sheila Blair
716:
711:
707:
705:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
665:
647:
643:
639:
635:
627:
599:
579:
577:
553:
545:
500:
499:
494:
493:
389:
388:
387:
364:"خط نڛتعليق"
140:Turkmenistan
42:نَسْتَعْلِیق
32:
4834:Jawi script
4806:Calligraphy
4735:Linguistics
4660:Gulf Pidgin
4576:Judeo-Iraqi
4517:Kashkadarya
4373:Judeo-Iraqi
4298:Palestinian
4209:Nile Valley
3871:Pre-Islamic
3583:Dagger alif
3017:(in French)
2996:InPage Urdu
2978:Calligraphy
2966:Calligraphy
2910:28 February
2880:28 February
2851:Twitter.com
2751:24 November
2594:"NESTA'LİK"
2040:QuarkXPress
2010:حافظ شیرازی
1989:حافظ شیرازی
1866:In print:
1797:typesetting
1621:(d. 1901).
1613:(d. 1813),
1518:, "cursive
1332:Sami Efendi
1196: 1534
1109:, 1426/27.
1075: 1410
1026:(d. 1913),
1016:Sami Efendi
898:The use of
841:Safavid era
783:scriptorium
760:hemistiches
660: 1430
564:Afghanistan
216:Calligraphy
119:Afghanistan
87:Time period
74:Script type
63:(In print:
5037:Categories
4721:Literature
4394:Peninsular
4334:Khuzestani
4064:(Mountain)
3984:Australian
3893:Old Arabic
3543:Diacritics
3470:Numerology
3374:Influences
3319:Techniques
2785:2013-03-24
2284:2020-07-05
2266:"Nastaliq"
2215:References
2165:See also:
2161:In Unicode
1822:Daily Jang
1463:In modern
1451:In print:
1415:In modern
1284:copied by
1257:copied by
1251:manuscript
1230:copied by
1183:copied by
1160:copied by
1133:copied by
1101:copied by
944:Shah Jahan
837:Aq Qoyunlu
834:Ya'qub Beg
791:Baysunghur
787:kitabkhana
614:Qadi Ahmad
326:Vietnamese
144:Tajikistan
136:Uzbekistan
5011:varieties
5003:indicate
4918:Technical
4889:Shahmukhi
4844:Kairouani
4742:Phonology
4521:Khorasani
4511:Bakhtiari
4363:Anatolian
4293:Jordanian
4273:Damascene
4236:Levantine
4148:Hassaniya
3989:Cottenera
3924:Classical
3863:Varieties
3441:Overviews
3173:Nasta'liq
3097:Kairouani
2747:. Express
2034:In 1994,
1932:Nastaliq:
1658:Shekasteh
1654:shekasteh
1650:shekasteh
1634:shekasteh
1630:nastaʿliq
1626:shekasteh
1603:shekasteh
1599:shekasteh
1583:shekasteh
1575:shekasteh
1564:skehasteh
1546:shekasteh
1488:Shekasteh
1397:In print:
1378:Shekasteh
1228:Al-Fatiha
972:(Turkish
823:Pir Budaq
725:nastaʿliq
717:nastaʿliq
708:nastaʿliq
696:nastaʿliq
668:nastaʿliq
578:The name
530:Shahmukhi
501:Nastaleeq
495:Nastaʿlīq
490:romanized
345:Mongolian
233:By script
187:ISO 15924
181:ISO 15924
166:Shahmukhi
150:Languages
96:Direction
5022:Category
4874:Nastaliq
4864:Muhaqqaq
4854:Maghrebi
4714:Academic
4654:Bimbashi
4610:Tunisene
4581:Baghdadi
4529:Shirvani
4469:Hadhrami
4427:Bahraini
4378:Baghdadi
4329:Baghdadi
4268:Aleppine
4258:Lebanese
4253:Cilician
4226:Sudanese
4216:Egyptian
4097:Hilalian
4055:Western
4033:Eastern
4030:Village
4009:Żurrieqi
3973:Sicilian
3966:Andalusi
3948:Maghrebi
3917:Literary
3569:(tanwin)
3567:Nunation
3453:Alphabet
3448:Language
3435:language
3391:Part of
3329:Kasheeda
3112:Muhaqqaq
3107:Maghrebi
3007:Nastaliq
2975:Nastaliq
2963:Nastaliq
2958:Rumicode
2932:(2008).
2183:See also
2151:Nastaliq
1923:Nastaliq
1863:Mir Emad
1804:Nastaliq
1795:Nastaliq
1702:, 1682.
1662:tafannon
1542:nastaliq
1533:Nastaliq
1527:Nastaliq
1521:Nastaliq
1382:Nastaliq
1313:Istanbul
1098:Gulistan
1055:Nizami's
1020:nastaliq
1012:nastaliq
1000:nastaliq
992:nastaliq
984:nastaliq
962:Nastaliq
948:Nastaliq
928:nastaliq
924:Jahangir
912:nastaliq
904:Timurids
900:nastaliq
893:nastaliq
889:nastaliq
885:nastaliq
877:nastaliq
869:nastaliq
865:nastaliq
860:nastaliq
852:nastaliq
819:nastaliq
803:nastaliq
795:nastaliq
767:nastaliq
756:nastaliq
748:nastaliq
712:nastaliq
636:nastaliq
628:Nastaliq
619:nastaliq
580:Nastaliq
568:Pakistan
546:Nastaliq
522:Kashmiri
488:), also
472:Persian:
390:Nastaliq
321:Japanese
300:Georgian
283:Cyrillic
208:a series
206:Part of
158:Kashmiri
123:Xinjiang
115:Pakistan
38:Nastaliq
5001:Italics
4909:Thuluth
4774:Grammar
4645:pidgins
4640:Creoles
4629:Sanʽani
4514:Bukhara
4474:Sanʽani
4437:Kuwaiti
4432:Emirati
4417:Dhofari
4402:Bahrani
4368:Cypriot
4356:(Qeltu)
4183:Sulaym
4170:Western
4165:Eastern
4043:Sfaxian
4039:(Sahel)
3994:Gozitan
3979:Maltese
3599:Letters
3573:Shaddah
3562:Harakat
3557:Tashkil
3485:Scripts
3458:History
3258:Muraqqa
3233:Basmala
3216:Objects
3165:Persian
3137:Ottoman
3127:Thuluth
2359:TUGboat
2173:Unicode
2120:Persian
2116:Balochi
2091:نستعلیق
2070:نستعلیق
2018:
1977:couplet
1960:
1905:
1835:WYSIWYG
1801:Modern
1725:Library
1700:Isfahan
1591:shifiʿa
1587:shafiʿa
1502:Persian
1478:
1434:
1357:Khaqani
1352:muraqqa
1189:Bukhara
1126:Attar's
1094:Saʿdi's
1022:, like
916:Mughals
700:Tabrizi
606:Safavid
590:Persian
574:History
526:Punjabi
467:نستعلیق
382:
375:
338:Western
311:Chinese
307:-based
288:Serbian
276:Tibetan
266:Brahmic
259:Persian
254:Turkish
249:Islamic
162:Punjabi
4824:Diwani
4811:Script
4769:(case)
4766:ʾIʿrāb
4752:Tajwid
4697:Bongor
4676:Maridi
4626:Habban
4500:Others
4484:Tihami
4464:Yemeni
4459:Shihhi
4444:Hejazi
4412:Bedawi
4407:Bareqi
4263:Syrian
4221:Saʽidi
4153:Nemadi
4139:Maqil
4037:Sahili
4004:Żejtun
3940:spoken
3938:Modern
3433:Arabic
3278:Tughra
3238:Firman
3187:Others
3178:Taʿlīq
3155:Ruq'ah
3145:Diwani
3087:Hijazi
3079:Arabic
3071:Styles
2940:
2621:
2365:: 1–6.
2248:
2087:Text:
2066:Text:
2048:InPage
2036:InPage
2030:InPage
1946:Naskh:
1831:Mac OS
1757:Firman
1593:) and
1393:rubaʿi
1282:Khamsa
1255:Khamsa
1181:Rubaʿi
1168:Museum
1158:Khamsa
1068:Tabriz
918:. For
632:Shiraz
601:naskh.
542:Arabic
532:) and
316:Korean
271:Indian
244:Arabic
239:Arabic
132:Turkey
106:Region
4983:Other
4904:Tawqi
4859:Mashq
4849:Kufic
4757:Imāla
4726:Names
4692:Turku
4620:Adeni
4454:Omani
4449:Najdi
4354:North
4344:South
4339:Shawi
4321:Gilit
4285:South
4245:North
4143:Fessi
4062:Jebli
4048:Jijel
4023:Tunis
4018:Urban
3999:Qormi
3608:ʾAlif
3578:Hamza
3550:i‘jām
3334:Qalam
3316:Tools
3243:Hilya
3122:Naskh
3117:Mashq
3102:Kufic
2864:FWP.
2731:Blair
2653:Blair
2641:Blair
2574:Blair
2562:Blair
2523:Blair
2511:Blair
2499:Blair
2487:Blair
2475:Blair
2437:Blair
2393:Blair
2376:Blair
2355:(PDF)
2298:Blair
2001:Naskh
1999:in a
1981:Hafez
1886:Naskh
1577:were
1568:taliq
1555:taliq
1465:Naskh
1417:Naskh
1355:with
1328:Levha
1290:Akbar
1226:Sura
1139:Herat
1107:Herat
974:talik
970:taliq
920:Akbar
856:qitʿa
779:Herat
752:taliq
744:taliq
672:naskh
649:taliq
644:naskh
640:naskh
555:naskh
552:from
481:Urdu:
333:Latin
305:Hanzi
195:(161)
79:Abjad
57:from
4879:Rasm
4682:Nubi
4670:Juba
4643:and
4623:Beda
4595:Wqal
4592:Kjal
4422:Gulf
3770:Ġayn
3761:ʿAyn
3194:Sini
3010:site
2938:ISBN
2912:2020
2882:2020
2753:2013
2619:ISBN
2246:ISBN
2177:font
2155:Urdu
2149:The
2134:Urdu
2112:Urdu
1928:Urdu
910:and
746:and
738:and
736:alif
686:and
646:and
560:Iran
550:Iran
534:Urdu
293:Vyaz
192:Aran
171:Urdu
142:and
128:Iraq
121:and
111:Iran
4967:864
4962:720
4958:711
4955:710
4952:709
4948:708
4791:IPA
3851:Yāʾ
3842:Wāw
3833:Hāʾ
3824:Nūn
3815:Mīm
3806:Lām
3797:Kāf
3788:Qāf
3779:Fāʾ
3752:Ẓāʾ
3743:Ṭāʾ
3734:Ḍād
3725:Ṣād
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3644:Ǧīm
3635:Ṯāʾ
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2991:SIL
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1280:'s
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740:lam
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692:sin
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