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They were more or less hemispherical, 15-25cm in diameter, frequently with snares and usually played in pairs, suspended in front of the player. They were usually played with drumsticks, mainly for martial purposes but also in chamber music, dance and processional music and probably for accompanying
594:
Diplipito is a widespread percussion instrument all over
Georgia. It comprises two small cone-shaped clay pots (jars) of the same height, but different width, which are covered with leather. One of the clay pots is smaller than the other. A cord ties the two jars together. The height of the jars is
403:
It was also used during Guru Gobind Singh Ji’s time as a war drum (first mentioned in the Battle of
Banghani). This was to infuse pride into the Sikh armies while charging. It can be seen now usually at a Sikh martial art display (Gatka display) playing in the background.
441:
551:
and the
English nakers. The instrument spread rapidly, reaching England in the 14th century. The instrument is very visible in European artwork and iconography of the period, before fading from view in the 17th century.
2950:
304:: played with two wooden drumsticks. The length of the drumsticks is 25-27 cm. The thicker drumstick is used to play on the larger drum. The diameter of the drumsticks is 1-1.5 cm.
350:
and there were places for announcing important news by playing on the kettledrums such as rising and setting of the sun, victory, mourning, birth of a male baby etc. These were also called
2650:
211:
The rounded section of a naqqara is made of baked clay, while the flat side consists of treated skin fastened around the rim with string which is tightened over the back of the bow.
2943:
247:
is the name of kettledrums in Arabic countries. Naqqārāt, hemispherical with the skin stretched over the top, come in pairs. Naqqarat is one of the percussion instruments used in
1842:
1340:
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is played with two small sticks called "goat legs." The instrument is used to provide rhythms for vocal music and dance music. It is often combined with instruments such as
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768:
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298:
is about 16 cm. Two drums are covered by cowhide, though in the past boarhide was used. The skin is tightened on the drums by bands made of cow tendon.
786:
282:
is in fact a pair of small drums whose bodies are made of clay. Their structure is like that of a bowl. One is larger than the other; the larger is called
316:. These instruments are played in festive ceremonies such as wedding ceremonies, sport ceremonies and so on. Desarkutan is not used as a solo instrument.
396:"Nine Things", a traditional ensemble of nine instruments. Nagara are also played with sticks. Today, this instrument is usually used to accompany the
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and the other for the high pitch beats. The instruments are beaten with short wooden sticks bent outward at the upper ends called
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259:, kettledrums were beaten before the five daily prayers; small ones form part of present-day orchestral ensembles.
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History of
Naqqara from ancient times until the 18th century; in German: Janissary instruments and Europe
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24:
614:. The diplipito is generally played by males, and plays an important role in Georgian folk ensembles.
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is a Middle
Eastern drum with a rounded back and a hide head, usually played in pairs. It is thus a
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332:: played in the Sanandaj city of Kurdistan province of Iran is a little larger than ordinary
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Kettledrums were adopted in Europe during the 13th century
Crusades, following contact with
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479:, or giant kettledrums played on horseback, are a separate instrument. These drums and the
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274:"northern naqqåre": played in northern Iran. Its native name in Mazandaran Province is
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literally means "house, home, room, place" and in Iran, there were different kinds of
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The instrument was also adopted in Europe following the
Crusades, and known as the
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was most likely a hybrid resulting from experiments with existing drums such as
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or "Indian oboe", an indispensable component of any North Indian wedding.
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322:: played in the Fars province of Iran is a little larger than ordinary
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is a small-paired kettledrum, a pair of clay pots with goatskin tops.
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Naqqåre can be found in different sizes in different regions of Iran:
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is a small kettledrum that gives a high and loud sound (i.e. "tak").
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and refers to small kettledrums beaten with the hands or two sticks.
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511:: a large kettledrum that gives a low and loud sound (i.e. "tum").
290:. which respectively mean "bass" and "treble". The diameter of the
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In
Azerbaijan there is a kind of kettledrum that is called ghosha-
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Dukar-Tikar, from Nagara genre, are kettledrums which accompany
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This percussion instrument is often played in pairs, where one
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Naqqara are also found in India, where the word is pronounced
101:
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200-250 mm, and their diameters are 90mm and 170mm. The
392:. They are paired kettledrums traditionally used in the
16:
Middle
Eastern drum with a rounded back and a hide head
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23:. For the village in Lorestan Province, Iran, see
741:The Timpani: A History in Pictures and Documents
539:musicians who played the drums;The Arabic term
19:For the village in Ardabil Province, Iran, see
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2267:
1836:
1334:
815:
8:
294:is about 22 cm and the diameter of the
164:
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69:
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3196:Musical instruments of Georgia (country)
2960:Musical instruments of Georgia (country)
687:Percussion Instruments and Their History
655:
578:, descended from the imported naqareh.
568:Kettledrums in Europe today are called
499:In Uzbekistan the kettledrum is called
312:) is accompanied by one or two sets of
2283:Traditional Arabic musical instruments
407:Rebecca Stewart's unpublished thesis,
308:, the Mazandarani oboe, (Dari Persian
29:
714:The Grove Concise Dictionary of Music
711:Stanley Sadie; Alison Latham (1988).
7:
223:will produce low pitch beats called
471:In Turkey, this word is pronounced
165:
70:
531:German woodcut in the early 1500s.
352:Kuskhåne or, in Indian languages,
251:chalghi ensembles. Under the late
14:
376:, an Indian woodwind instrument.
240:Iraq and the other Arab countries
2234:
2233:
2221:
2207:
1199:Non-Membranous Percussion (Ghan)
1063:Membranous Percussion (Avanaddh)
795:Musical Instruments of Rajasthan
690:. Bold Strummer. pp. 223–.
38:
3186:Uzbekistani musical instruments
3176:Azerbaijani musical instruments
2660:Azerbaijani musical instruments
744:. Pendragon Press. p. 15.
738:Edmund Addison Bowles (2002).
286:and the smaller one is called
192:that means "to strike, beat".
1:
1800:Azerbaijani traditional music
3156:Asian percussion instruments
2739:Tar (Azerbaijani instrument)
717:. Macmillan. pp. 514–.
94:More articles or information
3201:Iranian musical instruments
3191:Turkmen musical instruments
3166:Turkish musical instruments
2173:Turkish musical instruments
1852:Turkish musical instruments
1350:Iranian musical instruments
1286:Historical/possibly extinct
411:(UCLA, 1974) has suggested
188:comes from the Arabic verb
3217:
3181:Arabic musical instruments
3161:Indian musical instruments
3125:Music of Georgia (country)
831:Indian musical instruments
464:
18:
3171:Early musical instruments
2201:
1808:Persian traditional music
1804:Kurdish traditional music
1793:
557:Grove Dictionary of Music
157:
98:
37:
1796:Afghan traditional music
409:The Tabla in Perspective
2183:Ottoman classical music
1812:Tajik traditional music
1262:Bharatiya Sangeet Vadya
787:Encyclopædia Britannica
457:. Ghosha means "pair".
3078:Percussion instruments
2815:Percussion instruments
1267:Indian classical music
1022:Bowed Stringed (Vitat)
919:Plucked Stringed (Tat)
790:(11th ed.). 1911.
591:
566:
532:
450:
381:
2188:Ottoman military band
684:James Blades (1992).
589:
561:
530:
487:were used in Ottoman
444:
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86:Percussion instrument
25:Naqareh-ye Naveh Kesh
3085:Auxiliary percussion
3015:Woodwind instruments
2822:Auxiliary Percussion
2767:Woodwind instruments
2093:Auxiliary percussion
2983:Plucked instruments
2688:Plucked instruments
1897:Plucked instruments
445:Ghosha Naqara with
362:Indian subcontinent
34:
3068:Georgian Accordion
3001:Struck instruments
2968:String instruments
2753:Struck instruments
2668:String instruments
2474:Salamiyyah (flute)
2178:Turkish folk music
1970:Struck instruments
1888:Rebab/Kabak kemane
996:Electronic tanpura
668:2016-03-06 at the
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1869:Bowed instruments
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1180:Jori (instrument)
751:978-0-945193-85-2
724:978-0-333-43236-5
697:978-0-933224-61-2
330:Sanandaji naqqåre
257:Fatimid Caliphate
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485:cylindrical drum
272:Naqåre-ye Shomal
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1474:Azerbaijani Tar
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1362:(Sāzhāy-e Zehī)
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21:Naqareh, Iran
3103:
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2831:Boyuk nagara
2546:
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2219:
2205:
2121:
1883:Yaylı tanbur
1745:
1701:
1555:
1521:Experimental
1457:Yaylı tambur
1361:
1303:Kinnari vina
1293:Ālāpiṇī vīṇā
1154:
1070:Anandalahari
936:Gottuvadhyam
785:
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2836:Cura nagara
2567:Tabl baladi
2517:Goblet drum
2432:instruments
2357:Bowed lutes
2102:Cura nagara
2086:instruments
2069:Kargı Düdük
2064:Dilli düdük
2044:Dilli kaval
2029:Turkish ney
1986:instruments
1893:Sine kemanı
1862:instruments
1781:Zarbang Udu
1308:Pinaka vina
946:Rudra veena
449:and naqareh
340:Naqqårekhån
146:kettle drum
50:Other names
3151:Hand drums
3140:Categories
3033:Gudastviri
2583:percussion
2392:Simsimiyya
2084:Percussion
1698:Percussion
1593:Narmeh-ney
1221:Jal tarang
986:Swarmandal
966:Seni Rebab
895:Shruti box
870:Nadaswaram
663:Гоша-нагар
650:References
549:naccheroni
517:Koshnaqara
495:Uzbekistan
465:See also:
437:Azerbaijan
314:desarkutan
302:Desarkutan
280:Desarkutan
276:desarkutan
3109:Tsintsila
2684:Kamancheh
2049:Dilli ney
1714:Auxiliary
1702:(Sāzhāy-e
1634:Nāy (Ney)
1629:Haft Band
1622:End-blown
1613:Ney anban
1533:Shurangiz
1384:Kamāncheh
1150:Mridangam
850:Harmonium
774:Diplipito
634:Diplipito
597:diplipito
590:Diplipito
513:Reznaqara
509:Dulnaqara
378:Rajasthan
235:Varieties
151:The term
148:variety.
3118:See also
3048:Salamuri
3038:Larchemi
2906:See also
2591:Clapping
2364:Kamanjah
2290:Plucked
2240:Category
2166:See also
2152:Castanet
2059:Tárogató
1984:Woodwind
1552:Woodwind
1528:Sallāneh
1358:Stringed
1231:Khanjani
1216:Ghungroo
1160:Pakhawaj
981:Swarabat
976:Surbahar
666:Archived
618:See also
612:salamuri
545:nacaires
420:pakhawaj
255:and the
253:Abbasids
245:Naqqārāt
197:naccaire
174:naqqarah
170:naqqarat
163:), also
54:Naqqārat
3104:Naqareh
3089:Dayereh
3058:Soinari
2997:Panduri
2992:Choghur
2979:Chuniri
2876:Laggutu
2856:Naqareh
2785:Balaban
2744:Choghur
2724:Shahrud
2679:Chagane
2618:Sistrum
2614:(zills)
2597:Krakebs
2562:Taarija
2547:Naqareh
2527:Maktoum
2512:Duhulla
2397:Tanbūra
2340:Zithers
2315:Mandole
2122:Naqareh
2117:Darbuka
2009:Dankiyo
1951:Shahrud
1941:Baglama
1746:Naqāreh
1677:Natural
1639:Sheypur
1603:Dozaleh
1583:Balaban
1566:Exposed
1486:Shahrud
1400:Plucked
1379:Ghazhak
1246:Morsing
1241:Manjira
1236:Khartal
1140:Mardala
1120:Kanjira
1044:Sarinda
1039:Sarangi
1029:Dilruba
991:Tanpura
951:Santoor
890:Shehnai
885:Shankha
845:Bansuri
608:panduri
582:Georgia
575:timpani
570:tympani
555:As the
541:naqqara
537:Saracen
491:music.
473:nakkare
431:naqqara
398:shehnai
373:shehnai
334:naqqåre
324:naqqåre
221:naqqara
215:Playing
182:nakkare
178:naqqåre
153:naqqāra
144:of the
125:naqqāra
119:naqareh
107:Timpani
62:nakkare
58:naqqare
32:Naqqāra
3099:Nagara
3053:Shagur
3043:Pilili
3005:Santur
2987:Changi
2918:Mugham
2897:Bülban
2866:Nagara
2851:Dümbek
2826:Bendir
2805:Miskal
2757:Santur
2607:Mihbaj
2602:Manjur
2593:(kaff)
2581:Other
2572:Tbilat
2542:Naqara
2537:Mirwas
2532:Mazhar
2502:Bendir
2497:Al-ras
2469:Rhaita
2464:Mizwad
2459:Mizmar
2454:Mijwiz
2444:Habbān
2439:Arghul
2415:Kawala
2407:Flutes
2387:Kissar
2369:Rababa
2330:Sintir
2325:Qanbūs
2305:Kwitra
2137:Nagara
2097:Bendir
2074:Miskal
1974:Santur
1921:Cümbüş
1860:String
1766:Dammam
1654:Miskal
1598:Donali
1588:Karnay
1538:Sorāhi
1512:Santur
1505:Struck
1452:Tanbūr
1407:Barbat
1277:Jivari
1226:Kartal
1211:Ghatam
1206:Chimta
1190:Udukai
1170:Sambal
1155:Nagada
1145:Mizhav
1125:Khamak
1115:Edakka
1110:Dholki
1105:Dholak
1085:Damaru
1080:Chenda
1075:Chande
1054:Violin
931:Ektara
926:Dotara
905:Tharai
900:Sringa
865:Kuzhal
855:Karnay
748:
721:
694:
610:, and
605:buzika
601:duduki
564:songs.
523:Europe
505:nagora
501:naqara
489:mehter
461:Turkey
455:naqara
429:, and
426:dholak
394:naubat
390:nagada
386:nagara
186:nagora
166:نقارات
137:nagada
131:nagara
66:nagora
3146:Drums
3063:Zurna
3028:Duduk
2871:Spoon
2846:Davul
2795:Tütek
2790:Kaval
2780:Tulum
2775:Zurna
2749:Nuzhe
2734:Mugni
2719:Komuz
2697:Chang
2692:Kanun
2612:Sagat
2522:Hajir
2489:Drums
2479:Zukra
2449:Jirba
2379:Lyres
2348:Qanun
2310:Lavta
2300:Buzuq
2292:lutes
2157:Spoon
2132:Kudüm
2112:Davul
2039:Sipsi
2034:Kaval
2019:Çifte
2014:Gaida
2004:Karkm
1999:Tulum
1994:Zurna
1966:Mugni
1961:Lavta
1946:Komuz
1926:Ahenk
1901:Kanun
1736:Dāvūl
1731:Dohol
1721:Darāy
1684:Nafir
1668:Brass
1649:Pisha
1644:Zurna
1608:Kaval
1578:Zurna
1573:Sornā
1496:Mugni
1447:Setār
1442:Nuzhe
1432:Robāb
1427:Qānūn
1422:Dotār
1412:Chang
1372:Bowed
1255:Other
1185:Tavil
1175:Tabla
1165:Parai
1135:Madal
1095:Duggi
1090:Dhaak
1034:Esraj
1003:Veena
971:Sitar
961:Sarod
880:Pungi
875:Nafir
860:Kombu
644:Tassa
639:Kudum
481:davul
467:Kudum
447:zurna
414:tabla
344:Khåne
310:sorna
306:Serna
229:damka
201:naker
190:naqr-
159:نقاره
71:نقاره
3094:Doli
3023:Buki
2702:Çeng
2430:Reed
2147:Zill
1936:Cura
1906:Çeng
1776:Zang
1771:Zarb
1761:Sanj
1417:Harp
1130:Khol
1100:Dhol
1049:Taus
1013:Yazh
941:Pena
910:Venu
746:ISBN
719:ISBN
692:ISBN
629:Dhol
263:Iran
116:The
2861:Kus
2841:Daf
2800:Ney
2729:Rud
2714:Saz
2557:Tar
2552:Riq
2507:Daf
2420:Ney
2320:Oud
2127:Kus
2107:Daf
2054:Mey
2024:Ney
1956:Rud
1931:Saz
1756:Kūs
1726:Daf
1491:Rud
1469:Tār
1437:Sāz
572:or
503:or
483:or
477:Kös
388:or
296:zil
292:bam
288:zil
284:bam
225:nar
199:or
134:or
102:Kus
3142::
2709:Ud
1916:Ud
1481:Ūd
784:.
603:,
507:.
433:.
423:,
342::
278:.
231:.
203:.
184:,
180:,
176:,
172:,
128:,
122:,
68:,
64:,
60:,
56:,
2952:e
2945:t
2938:v
2652:e
2645:t
2638:v
2275:e
2268:t
2261:v
1844:e
1837:t
1830:v
1342:e
1335:t
1328:v
823:e
816:t
809:v
754:.
727:.
700:.
380:.
356:.
336:.
326:.
155:(
27:.
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