479:, refers to the narrative as describing two separate events. Narrative is also linked to language. The way a story can be manipulated by a character, or in the display of medium contributes to how a story is seen by the world. Narratology, as defined by Shlomith Rimmon-Kenan, is a branch of narrative theory. The concept of narratology was developed mainly in France during the sixties and seventies. Theorists have argued for a long time about the form and context of narratology. American psychologist Robert Sternburg argued that narratology is "structuralism at variance with the idea of structure”. This basis goes with the French-American belief that narratology is a logical perversion, meaning that it followed a course that at the time did not seem logical. Another theorist
265:. The Structuralist assumption that one can investigate fabula and syuzhet separately gave birth to two quite different traditions: thematic (Propp, Bremond, Greimas, Dundes, et al.) and modal (Genette, Prince, et al.) narratology. The former is mainly limited to a semiotic formalization of the sequences of the actions told, while the latter examines the manner of their telling, stressing voice, point of view, the transformation of the chronological order, rhythm, and frequency. Many authors (Sternberg, 1993,
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with other theorists by acknowledging that there is a structure in narrative and set out to find the deep structure of narrativity. However, in his findings, Greimas says that narratology can be used to describe phenomena outside of the written word and linguistics as a whole. He establishes a connection between the physical form of something and the language used to describe that something which breaks the structural code that many other theorists base their research on.
448:...when you read from a cybertext, you are constantly reminded of inaccessible strategies and paths not taken, voices not heard. Each decision will make some parts of the text more, and others less, accessible, and you may never know the exact results of your choices; that is, exactly what you missed.
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argues that all narratives have similar structures and in every sentence, there are multiple meanings. Barthes sees literature as "writerly text" which does not need a typical plot that has a beginning, middle, and end. Instead, written work "has multiple entrances and exits." Theorist
Greimas agrees
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more accurately reflected "post-Einstein physics" and the new perceptions of time, process, and change, than the traditional linear narrative. The unique properties of computers are better-suited for expressing these "limitless, intersecting" stories or "cyberdramas". These cyberdramas differ from
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Designating work as narratological is to some extent dependent more on the academic discipline in which it takes place than any theoretical position advanced. The approach is applicable to any narrative, and in its classic studies, vis-a-vis Propp, non-literary narratives were commonly taken up.
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that invites the player, a term
Aarseth deems more appropriate than the reader, to play, explore and discover paths within these texts. Two kinds of labyrinths that are referenced by Aarseth are the unicursal labyrinth which holds one single, winding path that leads to a hidden center, and the
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builds upon this, explaining that "games have the potential to evoke multiple, individualized narrative scripts through world-building, causal event design, character development and other elements that players interact with the intention to solve problems and make progress".
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Cognitive narratology is a more recent development that allows for a broader understanding of narrative. Rather than focus on the structure of the story, cognitive narratology asks "how humans make sense of stories" and "how humans use stories as sense-making instruments".
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implicitly united in the recognition that narrative theory requires a distinction between "story," a sequence of actions or events conceived as independent of their manifestation in discourse, and "discourse," the discursive presentation or narration of events.'
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multicursal labyrinth, synonymous with a maze, which is branching and complex with the path and direction chosen by the player. These concepts help to distinguish between ergodic (unicursal) and nonergodic literature (multicursal). Some works such as
391:, contain narrative structures or invite the users to create them. She supported this idea in her article "Game Story to Cyberdrama" in which she argued that stories and games share two important structures: contest and puzzles.
411:. Sometimes used interchangeably with hypertext fiction, the reader or player plays a significant role in the creation of a unique narrative developed by the choices they make within the story-world.
1080:
Felluga, Dino. "Modules on Brooks: On
Plotting." Introductory Guide to Critical Theory. Date of last update, which you can find on the home page. Purdue U. Date you accessed the site. <
273:, 2007) have insisted that thematic and modal narratology should not be looked at separately, especially when dealing with the function and interest of narrative sequence and plot.
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Cognitive narratologists focus on how people experience something as narrative rather than on the structure of the text itself. The six-word story "
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theorized a shift in storytelling and narrative structure in the twentieth century as a result of scientific advancement in her 1998 book
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Oral
Versions of Personal Experience: Three Decades of Narrative Analysis. A Special Issue of the Journal of Narrative and Life History
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Structuralist narratologists like Rimmon-Kenan define narrative fiction as "the narration of a succession of fictional events".
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that deal with narratives arising in the course of spontaneous verbal interaction. It also includes the study of videogames,
679:
Ensslin, Astrid (2022). "Video Games as
Complex Narratives and Embodied Metalepsis". In Dawson, Paul; Mäkelä, Maria (eds.).
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Rimmon-Kenan, Shlomith (1989). "How the Model
Neglects the Medium: Linguistics, Language, and the Crisis of Narratology".
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traditional forms of storytelling in that they invite the reader into the narrative experience through interactivity i.e.
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sees narrative as being designed and having intent which is what shapes the structure of a story. Narrative theorist
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Hühn, Peter; John Pier; Wolf Schmid, and Jörg Schönert, eds. Handbook of
Narratology. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2009.
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quest for a formal system of useful description applicable to any narrative content, by analogy with the
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Development and exclusive consumption of digital devices and interactivity are key characteristics of
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241:. A subsequent succession of alternate pairings has preserved the essential binomial impulse, e.g.
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Ryan, Marie-Laure (2005). "Narrative". In Herman, David; Jahn, Manfred; Ryan, Marie-Laure (eds.).
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Danto, A. C. (1973). Analytical
Philosophy of Action. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
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proved highly influential, becoming considered a program for research into the field and even a
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distinguishes between "a narrative" as an object that can be clearly defined and the quality of
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Reading People, Reading Plots: Character, Progression, and the
Interpretation of Narrative.
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are considered to be the basic units of narrative structure could fall within the areas of
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139:, which means "being able to inspire a narrative response”. This allows her to understand
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and the ways that these affect human perception. The term is an anglicisation of French
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Ruth Ronen, "Paradigm Shift in Plot Models: An
Outline of the History of Narratology",
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Experiencing Fiction: Judgments, Progressions, and the Rhetorical Theory of Narrative.
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175:. This procedure does not however typify all work described as narratological today;
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is one of the first and most studied examples of hypertext fiction, featuring 1,000
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584:, ed. Michael Groden and Martin Kreiswirth (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1994) 524.
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For the "ludology vs. narratology" debates of cultural meaning in video games, see
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Darby, David (2001). "Form and Context: An Essay in the History of Narratology".
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Narrative sculptures: graph theory, topology and new perspectives in narratology
403:. This has resulted in varying narrative structures of these interactive media.
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The narrative structure or game-worlds of these cybertexts are compared to a
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as possessing narrativity without necessarily being conventional narratives.
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Psychonarratology: Foundations for the Empirical Study of Literary Response.
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have proven to potentially be both depending on the path the reader takes.
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http://www.purdue.edu/guidetotheory/narratology/modules/brooksplot.html
723:"The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Craft of Fiction, by Percy Lubbock"
527:
331:
165:
1305:
Living To Tell About It: A Rhetoric and Ethics of Character Narration.
298:. Atypical applications of narratological methodologies would include
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2004:
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Narrative Theory: Critical Concepts in Literary and Cultural Studies.
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The origins of narratology lend to it a strong association with the
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University of Minnesota Press, series Electronic Mediations, 2006.
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Possible Worlds, Artificial Intelligence and Narrative Theory.
1312:
Narrative as Rhetoric: Technique, Audiences, Ethics, Ideology.
951:. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 3.
748:
Herman, David and Jahn, Manfred and Ryan, Marie-Laure (2005)
361:
Hamlet on the Holodeck: The Future of Narrative in Cyberspace
1485:
1455:(A Bibliography of Literary Theory, Criticism and Philology)
1417:
Narrative Theory Unbound: Queer and Feminist Interventions.
1232:
Narratology Beyond the Human: Storytelling and Animal Life.
783:
The Pursuit of Signs: Semiotics, Literature, Deconstruction
282:
Still, the term "narratology" is most typically applied to
66:) but modern narratology is agreed to have begun with the
237:
first proposed such a distinction, employing the couplet
224:(2001) describes narratology as comprising many strands
214:
and others, which in turn often referred to the works of
1197:
Narrative Complexity: Cognition, Embodiment, Evolution.
785:, Routledge Classics ed. (London: Routledge, 2001) 189.
1354:
Narrative across Media: The Languages of Storytelling.
1204:
Narratologies. New Perspectives on Narrative Analysis.
364:. Murray argues that narrative structures such as the
1263:
Stories and Social Media: Identities and Interaction.
1106:
Narratology: Introduction to the Theory of Narrative.
828:
La Tension narrative. Suspense, curiosité et surprise
1375:
Possible Worlds Theory and Contemporary Narratology.
1289:
Phelan, James, David Herman, and Brian McHale, eds.
1237:
Herman, David; Manfred Jahn; Marie-Laure Ryan, eds.
1211:
Story Logic: Problems and Possibilities of Narrative
582:
Johns Hopkins Guide to Literary Theory and Criticism
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2187:
2085:
1990:
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1848:
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1523:
1333:
Narratology: The Form and Functioning of Narrative.
1118:Barthes, Roland; W. Kayser; W.C. Booth; Ph. Hamon.
949:
Cybertext : perspectives on ergodic literature
812:
Expositional Modes and Temporal Ordering in Fiction
600:. Stanford, Calif.: CSLI Publications. p. 12.
1270:Narratives Online: Shared Stories in Social Media.
1448:Five Analyses of the Narrative "I First Got Paid"
1162:Narrative Comprehension: A Discourse Perspective.
56:, 1969). Its theoretical lineage is traceable to
762:
760:
744:
742:
330:. However, constituent analysis of a type where
1480:The Narrative Act: Wittgenstein and Narratology
1459:Narratology: A Guide to the Theory of Narrative
32:Game studies § "Ludology" vs "narratology"
1410:Narrative: A Critical Linguistic Introduction.
1153:De Fina, Anna; Alexandra Georgakopoulou, eds.
503:Dramatica Theory of Story Structure (software)
3798:
3118:Cinema / television / video
2808:
1501:
854:Théorie des narrèmes et algorithmes narratifs
430:Cybertext: Perspectives on Ergodic Literature
8:
3652:Palimpsests: Literature in the Second Degree
1256:Computing Action. A Narratological Approach.
1148:The Routledge Companion to Narrative Theory.
1321:Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989.
1239:Routledge Encyclopedia of Narrative Theory.
1188:Grishakova, Marina; Marie-Laure Ryan, eds.
682:The Routledge Companion to Narrative Theory
597:Narrative theory and the cognitive sciences
530:as the basic unit of structural narratology
3805:
3791:
3783:
3251:
3038:
2835:
2815:
2801:
2793:
1508:
1494:
1486:
751:Routledge encyclopedia of narrative theory
647:Routledge encyclopedia of narrative theory
377:Murray also controversially declared that
1465:Narratology: The Study of Story Structure
1347:Narrative Fiction: Contemporary Poetics.
1282:Phelan, James, and Peter J. Rabinowitz.
1275:Phelan, James, and Peter J. Rabinowitz.
1195:Grishakova, Marina; Maria Poulaki, eds.
1183:Narrative Discourse: An Essay in Method.
1099:The Cambridge Introduction to Narrative.
999:
997:
1108:4th edition . U of Toronto Press, 2017.
1076:
1074:
1072:
1070:
979:
631:Narrative Fiction: Contemporary Poetics
555:
190:In 1966 a special issue of the journal
2179:Types of fiction with multiple endings
1132:Bortolussi, Marisa & Peter Dixon.
1415:Warhol, Robin; Susan S. Lanser, eds.
1225:Storytelling and the Sciences of Mind
1213:. University of Nebraska Press, 2004.
354:Digital-media theorist and professor
322:, and narrative sculptures linked to
7:
1373:Ryan, Marie-Laure; Alice Bell, eds.
1129:Madison: U of Wisconsin Press, 1985.
1342:Lincoln: U of Nebraska Press, 1987.
1199:Lincoln: U of Nebraska Press, 2019.
1155:The Handbook of Narrative Analysis.
563:General Introduction to Narratology
395:Electronic literature and cybertext
1475:The Living Handbook of Narratology
1006:The Journal of Narrative Technique
814:, (Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1993.)
25:
2582:Third-person omniscient narrative
1293:New York: MLA Publications, 2010.
1178:London/New York: Routledge, 2009.
1171:London/New York: Routledge, 1996.
1146:Dawson, Paul; Maria Mäkelä, eds.
1277:A Companion to Narrative Theory.
1190:Intermediality and Storytelling.
1169:Towards a ‘Natural’ Narratology.
1115:4 vols. London: Routledge, 2004.
876:. Internet Archive. Free Press.
187:, 1921) offers a case in point.
127:For sale: baby shoes, never worn
1356:Lincoln: U of Nebraska P, 2004.
1122:Editions du Seuil: Paris, 1977.
928:Electronic Literature Directory
922:Ensslin, Astrid (May 2, 2010).
899:"From Game-Story to Cyberdrama"
870:Murray, Janet Horowitz (1997).
633:. London: Routledge. p. 2.
629:Rimmon-Kenan, Shlomith (1983).
1970:Conflict between good and evil
1398:Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1984.
1370:Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1991.
1136:Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2003.
1127:Narration in the Fiction Film.
798:, 11(4):817–842 (Winter 1990).
766:Bamberg, Michael G. W. (1998)
302:studies of oral storytelling (
40:is the study of narrative and
1:
3581:Pierre Menard, Author of the
3427:Archetypal literary criticism
2987:Literature / theatre
1453:Narrative theory bibliography
1434:A Theory of Musical Semiotics
1432:by William Echard, review of
1384:. Dalkey Archive Press, 1991.
897:Murray, Janet (May 1, 2004).
27:Study of narrative structures
3393:Source criticism in the arts
3061:Readymades of Marcel Duchamp
1340:A Dictionary of Narratology.
1218:Basic Elements of Narrative.
1176:Introduction to Narratology.
475:Art critic and philosopher,
4058:Articulation (sociological)
3594:Reality Hunger: A Manifesto
1251:Lincoln: Nebraska UP, 1999.
565:, College of Liberal Arts,
4120:
3700:Appropriation in sociology
1419:Columbus: OSU Press, 2015.
1389:Elemente der Narratologie.
1377:U of Nebraska Press, 2019.
1314:Columbus: OSU Press, 1996.
1300:Columbus: OSU Press, 2007.
1291:Teaching Narrative Theory.
1286:Columbus: OSU Press, 1994.
407:serve as the base of many
198:. It included articles by
111:
76:Morphology of the Folktale
29:
3705:Articulation in sociology
3228:Revivalism (architecture)
3041:
2609:Stream of unconsciousness
2140:Falling action/Catastasis
1391:Berlin: de Gruyter, 2005.
1307:Ithaca: Cornell UP, 2005.
1258:Berlin: De Gruyter, 2003.
1192:Berlin: De Gruyter, 2010.
1185:Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1980.
1045:10.1215/03335372-22-4-829
436:conceived the concept of
385:and life-simulators like
294:and (to a lesser extent)
3417:Aesthetic interpretation
1977:Self-fulfilling prophecy
1412:London: Routledge, 2001.
1405:London: Routledge, 2015.
1349:London: Routledge, 1989.
1345:Rimmon-Kenan, Shlomith.
1284:Understanding Narrative.
1279:Malden: Blackwell, 2005.
1265:London: Routledge, 2012.
1254:Meister, Jan Christoph.
1164:Oxford: Oxford UP, 1997.
1150:London: Routledge, 2022.
97:The Dialogic Imagination
3659:The Pictures Generation
3438:The Death of the Author
2604:Stream of consciousness
2067:Suspension of disbelief
1352:Ryan, Marie-Laure, ed.
1249:Rhetorical Narratology.
947:Aarseth, Espen (1997).
830:, (Paris: Seuil, 2007).
208:Algirdas Julien Greimas
3730:Copyright infringement
3710:Cultural appropriation
2145:Denouement/Catastrophe
2126:Rising action/Epitasis
1403:Narrative: The Basics.
1396:A Theory of Narrative.
1394:Stanzel, Franz K. ().
1220:Wiley-Blackwell, 2009.
1157:Wiley-Balckwell, 2015.
903:Electronic Book Review
873:Hamlet on the holodeck
839:Félix Lambert, 2015, "
594:Herman, David (2003).
450:
425:and 2,800 hyperlinks.
231:
54:Grammaire du Décaméron
3757:Participatory culture
3725:Intellectual property
2491:Utopian and dystopian
1430:"Musical Narratology"
1335:Berlin: Mouton, 1982.
1328:Berlin: Mouton, 1973.
1326:A Grammar of Stories.
691:10.4324/9781003100157
650:. London: Routledge.
446:
401:electronic literature
308:conversation analysis
226:
3814:Literary composition
3432:Artistic inspiration
3256:Intertextual figures
3223:Parody advertisement
2045:Narrative techniques
1825:Story within a story
1637:Supporting character
1181:Genette, Gérard ().
498:Digital storytelling
409:interactive fictions
405:Nonlinear narratives
185:The Craft of Fiction
164:used as a basis for
4063:Composition studies
4012:Creative nonfiction
3877:Linguistic contrast
3870: / devices
3767:Recontextualisation
3720:Information society
3715:History of printing
3695:Academic dishonesty
3456:Genius (literature)
3145:Literal music video
3056:Photographic mosaic
2851:Chopped and screwed
2750:Political narrative
2592:Unreliable narrator
2449:Speculative fiction
2157:Nonlinear narrative
2105:Three-act structure
1965:Deal with the Devil
1380:Shklovsky, Viktor.
1366:Ryan, Marie-Laure.
1359:Ryan, Marie-Laure.
1272:Cambridge UP, 2018.
1202:Herman, David, ed.
1174:Fludernik, Monika.
1167:Fludernik, Monika.
1160:Emmott, Catherine.
1143:Paris: Seuil, 1973.
1101:Cambridge UP, 2008.
1097:Abbott, H. Porter.
523:Narrative structure
518:Narrative criticism
440:, a subcategory of
94:first presented in
42:narrative structure
3444:Divine inspiration
3233:Video game modding
3075:By source material
2728:Narrative paradigm
2723:Narrative identity
2653:Dominant narrative
2599:Multiple narrators
1883:Fictional location
1726:Dramatic structure
1227:. MIT Press, 2017.
1120:Poétique du récit.
860:4.1 (1975): 19–28.
534:Post-structuralism
442:ergodic literature
383:role-playing games
312:discourse analysis
288:literary criticism
239:fabula and syuzhet
235:Russian Formalists
202:, Claude Brémond,
108:Defining narrative
68:Russian formalists
4076:
4075:
4068:Technical writing
3882:Literary contrast
3780:
3779:
3687:artistic concepts
3675:Russian formalism
3401:
3400:
3241:
3240:
3130:Anime music video
3113:
3112:
3105:Statue of Liberty
2903:Musical quotation
2846:Bootleg recording
2790:
2789:
2733:Narrative therapy
2167:television series
2112:Freytag's Pyramid
1955:Moral development
1858:Alternate history
1568:False protagonist
1482:by Henry McDonald
1408:Toolan, Michael.
1401:Thomas, Bronwen.
1361:Avatars of Story.
1247:Kearns, Michael.
1141:Logique du récit.
1139:Bremond, Claude.
1125:Bordwell, David.
1057:Project MUSE
852:Henri Wittmann, "
781:Jonathan Culler,
727:www.gutenberg.org
580:, "Narratology,"
567:Purdue University
371:hypertext fiction
171:in some forms of
16:(Redirected from
4111:
3986:Rhetorical modes
3976:Grammatical mood
3930:Cut-up technique
3828:Characterization
3807:
3800:
3793:
3784:
3599:
3589:
3576:
3407:Related artistic
3373:Imitation in art
3343:Assemblage (art)
3252:
3051:Combine painting
3039:
3024:Verbatim theatre
2999:Cut-up technique
2898:Music plagiarism
2836:
2817:
2810:
2803:
2794:
2713:Literary science
2256:Narrative poetry
2152:Linear narrative
2062:Stylistic device
2057:Show, don't tell
2020:Figure of speech
1810:Shaggy dog story
1553:Characterization
1510:
1503:
1496:
1487:
1442:Thomas A. Sebeok
1382:Theory of Prose.
1338:Prince, Gerald.
1331:Prince, Gerald.
1324:Prince, Gerald.
1234:Oxford UP, 2018.
1206:OSU Press, 1999.
1111:Bal, Mieke, ed.
1085:
1078:
1065:
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1028:
1022:
1021:
1001:
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983:
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937:
935:
934:
924:"Victory Garden"
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619:
591:
585:
575:
569:
560:
459:Vladimir Nabokov
413:Stuart Moulthrop
133:Marie-Laure Ryan
118:Plot (narrative)
21:
18:Narrative theory
4119:
4118:
4114:
4113:
4112:
4110:
4109:
4108:
4079:
4078:
4077:
4072:
4051:Beyond the arts
4046:
4000:
3954:
3913:Writing process
3901:
3862:
3843:Fiction writing
3816:
3811:
3781:
3776:
3762:Pirate politics
3735:Derivative work
3688:
3686:
3679:
3602:
3597:
3587:
3574:
3563:
3561:
3554:
3550:Story structure
3545:Stock character
3525:Formula fiction
3513:
3511:
3510:Standard blocks
3504:
3410:
3408:
3397:
3326:
3298:
3247:
3237:
3196:
3125:Abridged series
3109:
3097:Michelangelo's
3089:Michelangelo's
3070:
3035:
3028:
3014:Jukebox musical
2982:
2827:
2821:
2791:
2786:
2718:Literary theory
2658:Fiction writing
2641:
2613:
2548:
2300:
2292:
2183:
2081:
1986:
1921:
1844:
1715:Deus ex machina
1656:
1642:Title character
1627:Stock character
1573:Focal character
1519:
1514:
1461:by Manfred Jahn
1426:
1317:Phelan, James.
1310:Phelan, James.
1303:Phelan, James.
1296:Phelan, James.
1230:Herman, David.
1223:Herman, David.
1216:Herman, David.
1209:Herman, David.
1094:
1089:
1088:
1079:
1068:
1030:
1029:
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1003:
1002:
995:
990:
986:
982:, pp. 5–8.
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494:
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397:
381:– particularly
366:multi-narrative
352:
344:literary theory
320:infinite canvas
300:sociolinguistic
284:literary theory
279:
222:Jonathan Culler
212:Tzvetan Todorov
154:
120:
110:
82:'s theories of
80:Mikhail Bakhtin
70:, particularly
50:Tzvetan Todorov
35:
28:
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22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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3858:Writer's block
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3821:General topics
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3620:De Copia Rerum
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3331:Other concepts
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3155:Re-cut trailer
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2782:Verisimilitude
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2685:Parallel novel
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2327:Action fiction
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1805:Self-insertion
1802:
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1790:Poetic justice
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1440:, foreword by
1425:
1424:External links
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1387:Schmid, Wolf.
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1039:(4): 829–852.
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1012:(1): 157–166.
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824:Raphaël Baroni
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808:Meir Sternberg
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485:Roland Barthes
472:
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418:Victory Garden
396:
393:
351:
348:
316:graphic novels
296:film criticism
278:
275:
216:Vladimir Propp
204:Gérard Genette
200:Roland Barthes
192:Communications
153:
150:
145:Astrid Ensslin
109:
106:
72:Vladimir Propp
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3670:Postmodernism
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3560:Epoch-marking
3557:
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3535:Jazz standard
3533:
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3530:Genre fiction
3528:
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3500:Western canon
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3485:Genre studies
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3165:Shot-for-shot
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3140:Found footage
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2824:Appropriation
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2767:Screenwriting
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2572:Second-person
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2476:Magic realism
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2407:Psychological
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2387:Philosophical
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2312:Autobiography
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2251:Narrative art
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2209:Flash fiction
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2100:Act structure
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2018:
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2011:
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1917:Worldbuilding
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1764:Kishōtenketsu
1761:
1759:
1758:
1757:In medias res
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1736:Foreshadowing
1734:
1732:
1731:Eucatastrophe
1729:
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1694:Chekhov's gun
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1584:
1583:Gothic double
1581:
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1569:
1566:
1564:
1563:Deuteragonist
1561:
1559:
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1544:
1543:Character arc
1541:
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1471:
1470:Story-Systems
1468:
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1054:
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1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1033:Poetics Today
1027:
1024:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1000:
998:
994:
988:
985:
981:
976:
973:
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958:0-8018-5578-0
954:
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943:
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929:
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918:
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893:
890:
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883:9780684827230
879:
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846:
842:
836:
833:
829:
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820:
817:
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809:
804:
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797:
796:Poetics Today
791:
788:
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763:
761:
757:
753:
752:
745:
743:
739:
728:
724:
718:
715:
710:
706:
702:
700:9781003100157
696:
692:
688:
685:. Routledge.
684:
683:
675:
672:
667:
663:
659:
657:0-415-28259-4
653:
649:
648:
640:
637:
632:
625:
622:
617:
613:
609:
607:1-57586-467-3
603:
599:
598:
590:
587:
583:
579:
578:Gerald Prince
574:
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559:
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549:
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460:
455:
449:
445:
443:
439:
435:
434:Espen Aarseth
431:
426:
424:
420:
419:
414:
410:
406:
402:
394:
392:
390:
389:
384:
380:
376:
373:and Web soap
372:
367:
363:
362:
357:
349:
347:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
304:William Labov
301:
297:
293:
290:, as well as
289:
285:
276:
274:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
230:
225:
223:
219:
218:(1895–1970).
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
188:
186:
182:
181:point of view
178:
177:Percy Lubbock
174:
170:
167:
163:
159:
158:structuralist
151:
149:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
128:
123:
119:
115:
107:
105:
101:
99:
98:
93:
89:
85:
84:heteroglossia
81:
78:, 1928), and
77:
73:
69:
65:
64:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
33:
19:
3685:Related non-
3657:
3650:
3643:
3632:
3618:
3607:Theorization
3592:
3582:
3569:
3448:
3363:Found object
3358:Détournement
3192:YouTube poop
3187:Video mashup
3135:Collage film
3098:
3090:
3081:
3009:Found poetry
3004:Flarf poetry
2913:Parody music
2893:Music mashup
2868:Contrafactum
2772:Storytelling
2737:
2587:Subjectivity
2577:Third-person
2567:First-person
2201:
2010:Comic relief
1762:
1755:
1746:Flashforward
1713:
1687:Origin story
1669:
1632:Straight man
1587:
1438:Eero Tarasti
1433:
1416:
1409:
1402:
1395:
1388:
1381:
1374:
1367:
1360:
1353:
1346:
1339:
1332:
1325:
1318:
1311:
1304:
1297:
1290:
1283:
1276:
1269:
1268:Page, Ruth.
1262:
1261:Page, Ruth.
1255:
1248:
1238:
1231:
1224:
1217:
1210:
1203:
1196:
1189:
1182:
1175:
1168:
1161:
1154:
1147:
1140:
1133:
1126:
1119:
1112:
1105:
1104:Bal, Mieke.
1098:
1036:
1032:
1026:
1009:
1005:
987:
980:Aarseth 1997
975:
948:
942:
931:. Retrieved
927:
917:
906:. Retrieved
902:
892:
872:
865:
857:
848:
835:
827:
819:
811:
803:
795:
790:
782:
777:
768:
750:
730:. Retrieved
726:
717:
681:
674:
646:
639:
630:
624:
596:
589:
581:
573:
558:
539:Storytelling
508:Focalisation
481:Peter Brooks
477:Arthur Danto
474:
462:
451:
447:
429:
428:In his book
427:
416:
398:
386:
374:
359:
356:Janet Murray
353:
350:In new media
328:graph theory
280:
277:Applications
269:, 1984, and
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
232:
227:
220:
191:
189:
184:
155:
131:
124:
121:
102:
95:
75:
61:
53:
48:, coined by
46:narratologie
45:
37:
36:
4104:Film theory
4089:Narratology
4042:Short story
3833:Description
3752:Open source
3540:Plot device
3490:Originality
3473:Fan fiction
3338:After (art)
3294:Translation
3150:Parody film
3034:Visual arts
2963:Tribute act
2826:in the arts
2777:Tellability
2743:Metafiction
2738:Narratology
2510:Theological
2402:Pop culture
2283:Short story
2261:Epic poetry
1982:Time travel
1795:Red herring
1780:Plot device
1751:Frame story
1704:Cliffhanger
1647:Tritagonist
1622:Protagonist
379:video games
336:linguistics
292:film theory
179:'s work in
173:linguistics
141:video games
137:narrativity
38:Narratology
4099:Television
4094:Literature
4083:Categories
4037:Screenplay
3991:Stylistics
3950:Plagiarism
3925:Assemblage
3918:Prewriting
3868:Techniques
3848:Literature
3838:Exposition
3645:Nachahmung
3631:Dionysian
3571:L.H.O.O.Q.
3495:Simulacrum
3304:Adaptation
3284:Plagiarism
3218:Joke theft
3201:Other arts
2994:Assemblage
2856:Contrafact
2663:Continuity
2532:Nonfiction
2496:Underwater
2392:Picaresque
2367:Historical
2352:Epistolary
2224:Fairy tale
2135:Peripeteia
2117:Exposition
1873:Dreamworld
1815:Stereotype
1785:Plot twist
1533:Antagonist
1092:References
933:2019-12-08
908:2019-12-08
754:, pp.574–5
732:2020-05-22
112:See also:
92:chronotope
90:, and the
3520:Archetype
3512:and forms
3468:Fan labor
3348:Bricolage
3289:Quotation
3177:TV format
3083:Mona Lisa
2978:Vaporwave
2973:Variation
2933:Quodlibet
2928:Potpourri
2918:Pasticcio
2908:Nightcore
2554:Narration
2503:Superhero
2427:Chivalric
2412:Religious
2397:Political
2332:Adventure
2317:Biography
2239:Tall tale
2087:Structure
2072:Symbolism
2040:Narration
1940:Leitmotif
1868:Crossover
1863:Backstory
1820:Story arc
1770:MacGuffin
1741:Flashback
1682:Backstory
1558:Confidant
1538:Archenemy
1525:Character
1517:Narrative
709:249112029
513:Narrative
471:Theorists
464:Pale Fire
454:labyrinth
438:cybertext
375:The Spot.
340:semiotics
306:) and in
196:manifesto
169:sentences
114:Narrative
100:(1975).
88:dialogism
58:Aristotle
3981:Register
3959:Features
3945:Pastiche
3935:Diegesis
3740:Fair use
3633:imitatio
3626:Diegesis
3450:Afflatus
3422:Anti-art
3409:concepts
3353:Citation
3317:Literary
3279:Pastiche
3264:Allusion
3248:concepts
3246:General
3172:Supercut
2958:Standard
2948:Sampling
2832:By field
2760:Glossary
2755:Rhetoric
2562:Diegesis
2542:Creative
2515:Thriller
2464:Southern
2382:Paranoid
2377:Nautical
2288:Vignette
2246:Gamebook
2214:Folklore
2121:Protasis
2000:Allegory
1945:Metaphor
1903:parallel
1898:universe
1878:Dystopia
1835:Suspense
1721:Dialogue
1709:Conflict
1617:Narrator
1589:Hamartia
1053:10576774
1018:30225242
967:36246052
666:56367329
616:52806071
544:Suspense
492:See also
388:The Sims
332:narremes
324:topology
251:histoire
247:discours
243:histoire
162:grammars
3940:Mimesis
3906:Methods
3665:Pop art
3639:Mimesis
3583:Quixote
3383:Reprise
3322:Theatre
3208:In-joke
3182:Vidding
3046:Collage
2690:Prequel
2646:Related
2632:Present
2525:Western
2481:Science
2454:Fantasy
2422:Romance
2372:Mystery
2357:Ergodic
2322:Fiction
2278:Parable
2273:Novella
2203:Fabliau
2174:Premise
2025:Imagery
2015:Diction
1893:country
1850:Setting
1830:Subplot
1652:Villain
1605:Byronic
858:Poetics
528:Narreme
267:Ricoeur
166:parsing
152:History
63:Poetics
4032:Poetry
3887:Cliché
3853:Writer
3598:(2010)
3588:(1939)
3575:(1919)
3388:Satire
3378:Mashup
3368:Homage
3274:Parody
3269:Calque
3160:Remake
2943:Riddim
2888:Medley
2878:DJ mix
2694:Sequel
2678:Retcon
2673:Reboot
2637:Future
2471:Horror
2459:Gothic
2444:Satire
2362:Erotic
2229:Legend
2131:Climax
2005:Bathos
1912:Utopia
1800:Reveal
1699:Cliché
1677:Action
1671:Ab ovo
1610:Tragic
1059:
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423:lexias
318:, the
271:Baroni
4027:Novel
4017:Essay
4005:Forms
3897:Trope
3892:Idiom
3562:works
3480:Genre
3461:Muses
3099:Pietà
3091:David
3066:Swipe
3019:Trope
2968:Trope
2938:Remix
2839:Music
2701:Genre
2668:Canon
2619:Tense
2537:Novel
2520:Urban
2432:Prose
2417:Rogue
2342:Crime
2337:Comic
2298:Genre
2268:Novel
2219:Fable
2197:Drama
2162:films
1992:Style
1960:Motif
1950:Moral
1935:Irony
1927:Theme
1840:Trope
1241:2005.
1084:>.
1061:27881
1049:S2CID
1014:JSTOR
705:S2CID
550:Notes
342:, or
259:story
255:récit
4022:Joke
3996:Tone
3747:Meme
3614:Dada
3312:Film
2861:list
2706:List
2627:Past
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2347:Docu
2303:List
2234:Myth
2189:Form
2077:Tone
2050:Hook
2035:Mood
2030:Mode
1888:city
1775:Pace
1662:Plot
1600:Anti
1595:Hero
1578:Foil
963:OCLC
953:ISBN
878:ISBN
695:ISBN
662:OCLC
652:ISBN
612:OCLC
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326:and
286:and
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