460:
424:
196:
396:
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19:
285:
considers that
Middleton's extensive ducking of the questions he faced over four days, particularly on extortion of treasure by the Begum, on balance told against Hastings: it was other witnesses who helped the defence. Sheridan summed up the begum charge evidence, which turned largely on Middleton's
964:
The
History of the Trial of Warren Hastings, Esq. Late Governor-General of Bengal, Before the High Court of Parliament in Westminster-Hall: On an Impeachment by the Commons of Great-Britain, for High Crimes and Misdemeanors : Containing the Whole of the Proceedings and Debates in Both Houses of
292:
early recognised
Middleton's "powers of evasion", but with access to Middleton's correspondence, he was able in a major speech of 7 June 1794 to brand Middleton as the "active instrument" of Hastings as oppressor of Awadh. It was all to no avail, and the intermittent trial came to a close after more
431:
The eldest son of
Nathaniel and Anne Middleton was Hastings Nathaniel Middleton, who after his father's death in 1807 became a partner in the family bank, by then known as Alexander Davison & Co. Hastings married Emily Purling, daughter of Charles Purling of the East India Company, went to live
369:
Middleton married in 1780 Ann(e) Frances Morse (1758–1823), daughter of John Morse (died 1781), an attorney and slave-owner in
Jamaica. They had 10 children together; Middleton also had three children in India outside marriage. Anne was of mixed race, being one John Morse's five children with
254:
When called upon in 1788 to testify at the parliamentary proceeding against Warren
Hastings, Middleton repeatedly fended off questions on events in India by replying that he couldn't remember. It gained him the sarcastic nickname "Memory Middleton", and he became a butt of satire.
104:'s view that Middleton should be replaced by Charles Lambert Purling; but after a year Purling was recalled, and the responsibilities as Resident at Lucknow were divided between Bristow and Middleton, who was given financial duties. Bristow then had to step down in 1781.
965:
Parliament, Relating to that
Celebrated Prosecution, from Feb. 7, 1786, Until His Acquittal, April 23, 1795 : to which is Added, an Account of the Proceedings of Various General Courts of the Honourable United East-India Company, Held in Consequence of His Acquittal
111:. They used force, and distraint against the Wazir's mother Bahu Begam (the Begum), with threats to her staff. Hastings lost confidence in Middleton's proceedings with the Wazir, sending a negotiator and then removing Middleton by the autumn, to be replaced by Bristow.
373:
A week after Anne was wed, her sister Sarah married
William Cator, a business associate of her brother Robert who was in Bengal as a lawyer. Cator bought Townhill, where Nathaniel Middleton had built a house, in 1799. Cator was later killed on the Indiaman
352:
who bailed it out in 1803. It required large capital injections from
Middleton at the end of his life. Its affairs were left in a disordered state on his death in 1807, not helped by his will not coming to light for nine years. Further support came from
388:, a friend of Robert Morse. From John Morse Anne inherited a 20% share in some Jamaican plantations; these are thought to have been assigned to her nephew the merchant Robert Green, son of her sister Catherine (not in India), and brother of
80:
of 1764, in which Shuja ud-Daula and Awadh were on the losing side, Awadh had been falling into the orbit of
British India, and had troops stationed for which it was required to pay. The Treaty of Benares of 1773 ratified the situation.
136:, and he received a large related payment through the London counting-house Rumbold, Charlton & Raikes. One of the merchants who prospered under Middleton was John Pendred Scott, involved on a large scale in cotton goods at
61:, and his wife Mary, he was in British India as an East India Company writer by 1769. In 1773, with encouragement from his elder brother Samuel Middleton, Warren Hastings sent Nathaniel Middleton to the Awadh court at
436:
in reduced circumstances, and died in 1821, leaving an eldest son (c.1810–1898) of the same name who became a barrister. Emily's brother John Charles Purling married Harriet Anne, sister of Hastings, in 1806.
96:. Middleton was replaced at Lucknow, where John Bristow took his place; but after Monson's death in 1776 Hastings reinstated him, the Wazir having in the meantime died and been replaced by his son
277:
on 1 February 1788. On court day 18 of the trial—23 April 1788—Middleton's evidence was examined by Sheridan. A record shows Middleton repeatedly using the reply, that "he did not recollect".
917:
Black's Picturesque Tourist and Road-book of England and Wales: With a General Travelling Map; Charts of Roads, Railroads, and Interesting Localities and Engraved Views of the Scenery
361:, but the bank was wound up in 1816. Johnson's speculations have been blamed for this ultimate failure. Templer lost heavily, and had to return in 1818 to India, dying in 1819.
107:
Developments by 1782 caused Hastings to lose patience with the Wazir, who owed large sums of money. Middleton and a British force recovered funds directly, including from the
1544:
211:
for 1800. Townhill went also under the name of Shamblehurst. Land at "Shamblehurst, or Townhill and Allington" was put up for sale in 1807, after Middleton's death.
1350:
76:
Shuja ud-Daula was properly the Nawab Wazir, since the wizarat of Delhi had been added to Awadh by his father, and is commonly known as the Wazir. Since the
1009:
The Speech of R. B. Sheridan, Esq. ... Before the High Court of Parliament ... on Summing Up the Evidence on the Begum Charge Against Warren Hastings, Esq
459:
128:
Francis, with polemical intent against Hastings, wrote of Middleton as "uncrowned king" of Awadh. He developed commercial interests there, including a
114:
Middleton, who had married in 1780, left the East India Company's service in 1784 and returned to England, having requested leave to depart on the
101:
192:
around 1910. Montagu had bought the Townhill estate from Caleb William Gater, of the family of William Cator or Gater (see section on Family).
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The bank's troubles meant that family property was disposed of to creditors. Around 1816, when the bank folded, Anne who was living in
1213:
813:
1208:
537:
444:), who became a major in the 16th Native Infantry. Henry Johnson Middleton (baptised 1791) was a younger son. He studied at the
464:
1303:
The County Families of the United Kingdom Or, Royal Manual of the Titled and Untitled Aristocracy of Great Britain and Ireland
1095:
338:
249:
165:
26:
sit with two Rajas behind them, painted by Tilly Kettle, c. 1784, at the time of Middleton taking up the position of Resident
89:
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from the 1780s, depicting from left to right Robert Morse, Anne Middleton and Sarah Cator at the piano, William Cator
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34:
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265:, satirical print of 1788 in which Middleton, the figure on the left, has a leading rope marked "Managers"
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137:
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185:
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A grave in Dacca recorded the death at age 13 months of Frances Anne Middleton, on 30 October 1784.
240:
being an Old English suffix. The 19th century name for the associated mansion was Middenbury House.
195:
120:
from Hastings. John Charles Middleton who requested leave at the same time was Nathaniel's brother.
475:
334:
330:
301:
116:
108:
395:
258:
1246:
Children of Uncertain Fortune: Mixed-Race Jamaicans in Britain and the Atlantic Family, 1733-1833
1180:
Children of Uncertain Fortune: Mixed-Race Jamaicans in Britain and the Atlantic Family, 1733-1833
1153:
Children of Uncertain Fortune: Mixed-Race Jamaicans in Britain and the Atlantic Family, 1733-1833
1025:
The Project Gutenberg eBook of Burke's Writings and Speeches, Volume the Twelfth, by Edmund Burke
962:
783:
684:
445:
870:"Allington Manor (Great Allington House, Allington Manor Farm), Hampshire Garden Trust Research"
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and joined the Bengal civil service. He married in 1816 Mary Anne Ochterlony, daughter of
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made an outstanding speech on 7 February 1787, on the "begums" charge, the trial began in
181:
173:
153:
77:
38:
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for building work there in 1792. The 1792 house was altered in the 1840s, and again by
84:
In 1774 Hastings was overruled in his policy by the Bengal Council and a combination of
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1133:"Summary of Individual John Morse ???? - 1781 Legacies of British Slave-ownership"
830:
412:
400:
381:
215:
169:
161:
148:
Bringing home an Indian fortune, Middleton became one of the reputed group of civilian
66:
42:
1528:
1042:
The Historical and the Posthumous Memoirs of Sir Nathaniel William Wraxall, 1772-1784
801:
326:
157:
97:
23:
1276:
Madness at Home: The Psychiatrist, the Patient, and the Family in England, 1820-1860
269:
After parliamentary consideration of the charges Hastings should face, during which
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869:
289:
18:
554:
1113:
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177:
1096:"Templer, George (?1755-1819), of Shapwick, Som., History of Parliament Online"
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325:
who had served under him in Awadh, and others: it traded from Stratford Place,
132:
monopoly, and brought in British merchants. His business contacts included the
625:
India Courier Extraordinary: Proceedings of Parliament Relating to W. Hastings
485:
Louisa, who married Charles John Herbert of Muckross Abbey, and was mother of
282:
1352:
List Of Inscriptions On Tombs Or Monuments In The Central Provinces And Berar
779:
680:
729:
Prakash, Om; Lombard, Denys; Research, Indian Council of Historical (1999).
219:
129:
345:
MP was involved, who had banking connections, but his name dropped out.
787:
441:
62:
1118:. Vol. 37 part 2. Calcutta Historical Society. 1929. p. 163.
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57:
The son of the Rev. Samuel Middleton (1703–1758), perpetual curate of
771:
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with her widowed sister Sarah, began suffering from mental illness.
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As a business the bank did not prosper, and came to be dominated by
1232:. Vol. IV. London: Hurst & Blackett, Limited. p. 241.
755:
458:
453:
422:
394:
257:
237:
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149:
140:; he used Middleton's London account for clearing Dutch payments.
17:
1039:
Wraxall, Sir Nathaniel William; Wheatley, Henry Benjamin (1884).
474:
Emily, who married in 1804 Edward Jerningham, the younger son of
440:
Another son was William (baptised in Calcutta 1783, died 1822 in
643:. Bookplate Society and the Apsley House Press. pp. 53–54.
427:
Hastings Nathaniel Middleton, 1802 watercolour by Thomas Heaphy
100:. Further changes occurred when Hastings in 1779 deferred to
329:
as the London & Middlesex Bank. The senior partner was
1367:"London (including Middlesex) IGI Middle Names - Johnson"
806:
A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects 1600–1840
598:
Empire and Revolution: The Political Life of Edmund Burke
985:. Vol. II: 1784-1797. Clarendon Press. p. 92.
702:
Bowen, H. V.; Lincoln, Margarette; Rigby, Nigel (2006).
1410:. Sands, Brymer, Murray and Cochran. 1817. p. 397.
890:
Hobson-Jobson: The Definitive Glossary of British India
571:
Advanced Study in the History of Modern India 1707-1813
286:
testimony, over four separate days in early June 1788.
1458:. Vol. II. Saunders and Otley. 1829. p. 317.
968:. J. Debrett ..., and Vernor and Hood. pp. 41–42.
1045:. Vol. IV. Scribner & Welford. p. 389.
731:
Commerce and Culture in the Bay of Bengal, 1500-1800
380:in 1800, off Bengal, in an attack by the privateer
45:during the 1770s, and later a principal witness at
1338:. Vol. 15. Walpole Society. 1927. p. 93.
852:"Parishes: South Stoneham, British History Online"
293:than seven years, with the acquittal of Hastings.
1423:The Ecclesiastical and University Annual Register
1394:. I (third series) part 1 (209): 10. Spring 2005.
1498:The Gentleman's Magazine, and Historical Review
214:Another land purchase by Middleton was part of
1279:. University of California Press. p. 95.
1068:British Banking: A Guide to Historical Records
1090:
1088:
574:. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. p. 159.
305:, and alluded to the "mi non ricordo" of the
8:
829:Gardens (en), Parks and (31 December 1789).
541:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
321:In 1793 Middleton set up a London bank with
281:made a comment sympathetic with his plight.
1407:Edinburgh Magazine, and Literary Miscellany
601:. Princeton University Press. p. 843.
1355:. Nagpur: Government Printing. p. 17.
73:in which Awadh was allied to the British.
1545:British East India Company civil servants
1472:The county families of the United Kingdom
1268:
1266:
929:
927:
756:"The Personal Fortune of Warren Hastings"
172:, London, and then in 1788 purchased the
1455:The Annual Peerage of the British Empire
370:Elizabeth Augier, a Jamaican of colour.
1426:. C. and R. Baldwin. 1809. p. 327.
914:Black (Firm), Adam and Charles (1847).
662:
660:
538:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
530:
528:
526:
502:
33:(1750–1807) was a civil servant of the
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535:Bowyer, T. H. "Middleton, Nathaniel".
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65:, representing British interests with
1322:The History of Dorset County Hospital
1071:. Taylor & Francis. p. 195.
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1052:
920:. Adam and Charles Black. p. 40.
669:"Trade and Empire in Awadh 1765-1804"
222:. That was an Anglo-Indian allusion,
7:
887:Yule, Henry; Burnell, A. C. (2013).
708:. Boydell & Brewer. p. 65.
705:The Worlds of the East India Company
392:, a major planter and slave-holder.
190:Samuel Montagu, 1st Baron Swaythling
1006:Sheridan, Richard Brinsley (1788).
476:Sir William Jerningham, 6th Baronet
384:, as is recorded in the memoirs of
359:Charles Middleton, 1st Baron Barham
1214:National Heritage List for England
641:Some Indian and Related Bookplates
299:in his memoirs called Middleton a
14:
1100:www.historyofparliamentonline.org
152:in Great Britain, mentioned with
1249:. UNC Press Books. p. 159.
1183:. UNC Press Books. p. 111.
1156:. UNC Press Books. p. 109.
628:. Vol. III. pp. 44–45.
1501:. AMS Press. 1866. p. 604.
1442:. R. Newton. 1866. p. 613.
940:. Constable. pp. 449–450.
1475:. Рипол Классик. p. 305.
667:Mukherjee, Rudrangshu (1982).
250:Impeachment of Warren Hastings
166:Sir Francis Sykes, 1st Baronet
53:Background and period in India
1:
263:Bad Memory: An Imperfect Work
203:Middleton owned the manor of
69:. This was the period of the
1306:. R. Hardwicke. p. 676.
808:. John Murray. p. 517.
555:UK public library membership
465:St. Mary's Church, Battersea
893:. OUP Oxford. p. 369.
760:The Economic History Review
568:Mehta, Jaswant Lal (2005).
478:and was the grandmother of
456:. He died in Bath in 1866.
199:Townhill Park House in 2011
1566:
1550:High sheriffs of Hampshire
470:Other daughters included:
405:The Morse and Cator Family
247:
41:and his dealings with the
35:British East India Company
1385:"Heard's Heraldic Legacy"
1230:Memoirs of William Hickey
1209:"Townhill Park (1000868)"
961:Hastings, Warren (1796).
856:www.british-history.ac.uk
639:Lee, Brian North (1995).
622:Hastings, Warren (1786).
297:Nathaniel William Wraxall
271:Richard Brinsley Sheridan
209:High Sheriff of Hampshire
1439:The Gentleman's Magazine
1300:Walford, Edward (1869).
1273:Suzuki, Akihito (2006).
1243:Livesay, Daniel (2018).
1228:Hickey, William (1925).
1177:Livesay, Daniel (2018).
1150:Livesay, Daniel (2018).
1115:Bengal: Past and Present
754:Marshall, P. J. (1964).
733:. Manohar. p. 274.
595:Bourke, Richard (2015).
343:Samuel Smith (1755–1793)
168:. He lived initially in
134:Dutch East India Company
37:, closely involved with
1514:Bengal Past And Present
1349:Crofton, O. S. (1932).
307:trial of Queen Caroline
59:Whitmore, Staffordshire
1371:freepages.rootsweb.com
547:10.1093/ref:odnb/69059
467:
428:
408:
357:, father of John, and
266:
218:. He gave it the name
200:
27:
1517:. Vol. 13. 1916.
1065:Orbell, John (2017).
934:Ehrman, John (1984).
462:
426:
398:
261:
198:
21:
1469:Walford, E. (1806).
979:Lock, F. P. (1998).
487:Henry Arthur Herbert
390:Edmund Francis Green
186:Leonard Rome Guthrie
874:research.hgt.org.uk
835:Parks & Gardens
331:Gerard Noel Edwards
302:lucus a non lucendo
31:Nathaniel Middleton
1318:"1851 Subscribers"
673:Past & Present
468:
446:East India College
429:
409:
399:Group portrait by
267:
244:"Memory Middleton"
201:
28:
1482:978-5-87194-361-8
1324:. 23 August 2014.
1286:978-0-520-93221-0
1256:978-1-4696-3444-9
1190:978-1-4696-3444-9
1163:978-1-4696-3444-9
1078:978-1-351-95468-6
992:978-0-19-820679-8
947:978-0-09-465990-2
900:978-0-19-960113-4
740:978-81-7304-265-2
715:978-1-84383-073-3
650:978-0-9517247-9-8
608:978-0-691-14511-2
581:978-1-932705-54-6
553:(Subscription or
480:Hubert Jerningham
350:Alexander Davison
311:Theodore Majocchi
309:, as employed by
279:Viscount Stormont
124:Commerce in Awadh
71:First Rohilla War
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78:Battle of Buxar
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39:Warren Hastings
22:Middleton with
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386:William Hickey
382:Robert Surcouf
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335:George Templer
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216:Bitterne Manor
180:. He employed
170:Wimpole Street
162:Thomas Rumbold
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109:Fyzabad palace
90:Philip Francis
86:John Clavering
67:Shuja ud-Daula
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