Native Americans in film - Knowledge (XXG)

747:(2005) Josh Townsend has to move again with his mother and father, astrophysics researcher Dr. Nick Townsend, to a New Mexico small town. While working on the copy machine, Josh gets bored and decides to work for the Native American family tribal buffalo reserve, working with Navajo clan elder John Blackhorse's cynical grandson Thomas and his buddy Moon. Kyle's cyclist gang invites him for a bike ride which Josh joins their group, and he takes them to a secret waterfall where they spray-paint graffiti in the sacred site and litter the ground, Josh gets into trouble with John, and he apologizes to John's family and challenges his rival Kyle to a mountain bike race. During the race the buffalos escape and stampede towards town, and Josh and his friends gather up the buffalos to save their small town from getting stampede. 1046:

Hollywood, a predominantly white industry from top to bottom, to continue to gatekeep access to coveted film roles. In 2017, roughly 70% of the characters in the top Hollywood releases for that year were white. That year, roughly 60% of the US population was white, showing a disproportionate representation of white people in Hollywood. This also reinforces many of the stereotypes many people possess regarding Native Americans, because there hasn't been a significant culture change as yet regarding how Native Americans are portrayed in mainstream American media. Furthermore, white actors have never faced a shortage of roles available to them in Hollywood, while Native Americans and other marginalized groups continue to experience this.

1186:). The documentary attempts to reveal the misrepresentation of Indigenous culture and tradition in Classical Hollywood films through interviews with different Native actors and extras from various tribes throughout the United States. It stars Shirley Atene, Karmen Clifford, Marvin Clifford, and others. The cast is entirely Native American, pulling indigenous people from the Amazon, Montana, Arizona, and other places. It is considered one of Masayesva's more provocative pieces of cinema, as it delves into the complexities surrounding white perception of Native American culture and identity. The film also touches upon the invasive nature of Hollywood in terms of filming on reservations. Director Masayesva said that 22: 452:(1911). Other depictions were generalized stereotypes and used largely for aesthetic purposes and many tribes were represented. Feather headdresses were culturally and historically correct for approximately two dozen Plains tribes, and those of the American southwest were often wearing traditional clothing. This was done to create a more recognizable character for white audiences to view as “indian”. Many directors did not care about accuracy when it came to language either, with Native actors being asked to speak in their native language no matter what tribe they are supposed to be from in the film. These discrepancies worked to create the Hollywood Indian stereotype prevalent within the western genre. 1545: 1798:(2013) tells the story of Aila, played by Kawennáhere Devery Jacobs, as she goes up against Popper, an Indian agent and head of the nearby residential school. The reservation has been deeply affected by the residential school, partaking in the use of drugs and alcohol in order to forget the trauma inflicted by the school system. Rhymes for young ghouls is a revenge story against the Canadian residential school system and offers a path towards decolonization through educating people on the residential school system and opening up dialogue as a means to decolonization. Written and acted in by Natives, Rhymes for young ghouls exemplifies visual sovereignty. 738:(2001) a Cherokee boy is nicknamed Hunter, after accidentally killing a female deer instead of a buck during his first hunting trip. The disappointment of his father and the distance between them is compounded by the physical limitations placed on Hunter to avoid injury. Breaking away from his father and overprotective mother, he meets with a girlfriend and falls in love with her, and drawing on the wisdom of his full-blood grandfather, Hunter gradually discovers love and a true sense of his possibilities. Later on his father was accidentally shot and killed by hunters. Hunter meets with the buck deer and decides not to kill the buck. 1228:

while director Diamond travels across the United States to visit iconic locations in motion picture as well as American Indian history. The documentary chronicles the journey of Native Americans in film over roughly a century, with particular attention on the transition from the silent era of Hollywood to today. It utilises clips from different eras of film, and Diamond meets with famous filmmakers such as Clint Eastwood to learn more about the transformation of the Native American image onscreen. Other cameos include

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tribes. This documentary underscores several issues that indigenous communities across the United States face today; the growing desire to acquire indigenous lands for capitalist ventures. At stake are mining rights, land boundaries, and extraction for uranium, gas, oil, and other raw materials. Directed by Victoria Mudd, it won the Academy Award for Best Documentary in 1986. The cast includes the voice narrations of Martin Sheen, Buffy Sainte-Marie, Burgess Meredith, and others.

694:) and take him as a prisoner. Native Americans race onto the scene and kill all of the U.S. soldiers while none of the Native Americans appear to have been killed. Some of them receive injuries, but they are portrayed as strong and immune to the pain. However, Dunbar then becomes part of the tribe and leads the Sioux against their rivals, the Pawnee, and later helps them escape the same army he once served. The final credits of the film suggest that 1963: 1310: 1991: 161: 1257:, an American comedian. The cast also includes Dave Bald Eagle, Ailema Benally, and Milton Bianis. Hall attempts to dismantle some of the pervasive stereotypes that beleaguer the Native American community to this day by heading to indigenous areas in Arizona, South Dakota, and other places as well. He examines the way Native Americans have been portrayed on screen in films such as 1977: 763:. John Smith arrives to the Americas with the Pilgrims and is immediately captured by a Native American tribe. The film did offer several myths about Pocahontas, changing her into an adult so the film can be made into a love story. In reality, Pocahontas was a child of about ten she met John Smith, and most scholars agree that some of the events in the film never took place. 640:, the Native Americans are depicted sympathetically while members of the United States Cavalry are depicted as villains. The Cheyenne in the film are living harmoniously and peacefully at the start of the film, and it's the encroachment of the violent white men who are the harmful, disruptive influence on their culture and landscape. The film is also noted for including a 1820:(2021) takes place in a dystopian post-war North America where children are owned by the state. Night Raiders is in scathing commentary on Native residential schools and the kidnapping of children by the state to be placed in these schools. The film stars Elle-Máijá Tailfeathers, a Blackfoot and Sámi actress, as Niska and Brooklyn Letexier-Hart as Waseese. 1807:(2019) is about a zombie apocalypse where only Mi’gmaq people are immune. Barnaby explores life in a post-colonial society through the lens of a zombie apocalypse where they must resist and fight against their oppressors and avoid extinction. Barnaby once again used a native cast to tell a native story showcasing visual sovereignty. 1758:. Isuma was formed in 1981 and created Inuit films in their native language Inuktitut. Isuma Productions also runs IsumaTV that hosts indigenous filmmakers. The Isuma Website states it hosts “over 7000 films and videos in 84 languages.” Isuma Productions continues to be a leader when it comes to visual sovereignty. 1559: 3118:

When they laid down their arms, we murdered them. We lied to them. We cheated them out of their lands. We starved them into signing fraudulent agreements that we called treaties which we never kept. We turned them into beggars on a continent that gave life for as long as life can remember. And by any

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In his 1917 novel, Cody identified himself as an "Indian fighter," and his wild west shows led to widespread misrepresentation of Native Americans, despite involvement with Native American actors. Some Native actors chose to portray the shows' chiefs as belligerent, while others portrayed their roles

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is an examination of the effects of the United States and its policies on Indigenous communities. Some of these policies include forced schooling of children outside Native American communities, mass killings, forced female sterilisation, and more. It was directed by Robin Davey, a British musician,

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details the forced relocation of the members of the Navajo tribe from Black Mesa, Arizona after the 1974 Navajo-Hopi Land Settlement Act. Many Navajo families were separated during this period of displacement in the U.S. government's attempt to ameliorate perceived issues between the Hopi and Navajo

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Beverly R. Singer argues that "Despite the fact that a diversity of indigenous peoples had a legal and historical significance in the formation of every new country founded in the Western Hemisphere, in the United States and Canada the term 'Indians' became a hegemonic designation implying that they

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Early films featuring Native characters varied in their depictions. Some of these characters were often shown wearing leather clothing with feathers in their hair or with elaborate feather headdresses. Authors have argued that Native communities were often depicted as cruel societies that sought out

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amongst American indigenous communities. He fought for the rights of indigenous people worldwide, and is known for giving a televised speech in 2000 where he said he prefers the label 'Indian' to 'Native American' because everyone born in the United States should be considered a Native American. He

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filmmaker Neil Diamond, Catherine Bainbridge, and Jeremiah Hayes that explores the portrayal of Native Americans in film. Reel Injun is illustrated with excerpts from classic and contemporary portrayals of Native people in Hollywood films and interviews with filmmakers, actors and film historians,

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Visual sovereignty is a way of looking at indigenous sovereignty outside of legal parameters defined by Seneca scholar Michelle H. Raheja as "a way of reimagining Native-centered articulations of self-representation and autonomy that engage the powerful ideologies of mass media," to take back the

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Whitewashing is two-pronged in effect, for not only does it impede Native American representation in film, but it also forces them into stereotypical roles. The tropes of the savage Native American or the Native American at the mercy of white people have long been recycled for years. This allows

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refers to the historic phenomenon stemming from the early 1900s where white actors have been cast for roles not meant for them. Instead of hiring someone that fits the intended race/ethnicity of the character, a white person is traditionally given that role. This is not unique to one racial or

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young man named Kenai as he pursues the bear that killed his older brother, Sitka. However, his vengeance against the bear angers the Spirits. As punishment, the Spirits transform Kenai into a bear. In order to be human again, Kenai must travel to a mountain where the Northern lights touch the

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tribe. Conflict between the European settlers and Native Americans ensues, as tension ramps up between the two groups over land. Before a battle between the two groups begins, Pocahontas saves the life of John Smith and prevents the war. Though presented as historical, the story is highly

440:(1910), were friends or allies to white settlers. These depictions however were often one-dimensional and perpetuated the idea that the only good Native is one that helps white settlers. A few successful Indian/white marriages did occur in film during these early years, such as 1207:. The film first premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival in New York, and in 2006 it won the Stanley Kubrick Award at the Traverse City Film Festival in Michigan. The cast includes Charles Abourezk and Ward Churchill, author, former professor, and one of the leaders of the 979:

episode “Lumpus vs. the Volcano” has Lazlo, Raj, Clam and Slinkman dress up as Native Americans to escape from the volcano itself, which, as a result, turns into a chicken pot pie, Lumpus’ favorite food. Deputy Doodle Doo is the mascot for his own chicken pot pie

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suffering an amnesia after the rocket crashes down towards the village of Native American dogs where he is found by a girl hound, Desert Flower. There, Huck must past the test to earn the blessing of Desert Flower's father the chief who will allow him to marry

1240:(Native Canadian critic and program director), and Angela Aleiss (scholar and author). Diamond heads to famous locations such as Monument Valley, where many Westerns were filmed, and South Dakota's Black Hills, the home of several notable Native Americans. 886:. While Tiger is lost in the desert, he is ambushed by a Native American mice tribe who captures Tiger and mistakes him for a god. Later on, Fievel gets caught by a hawk and the Native American mice shoot it down, and Fievel falls and reunites with Tiger. 1325: 2334:

James Young Deer, Registration Card, World War I Draft Registration, Los Angeles, CA, September 12, 1918, Ancestrylibrary.com. Sources vary on Young Deer's birthdate. His military records indicate April 2, 1877 and his headstone says April 1,

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is a 2012 BBC documentary, initially broadcast on October 28, 2012, that explores the stereotypical view of Native Americans in the United States in cinema and literature. Directed by Chris Cottam, the documentary is presented by

468:, also known as a Modern Western or an Anti-Western, is a subgenre of Western films that began circa 1960. This subgenre is characterized by a darker and more cynical tone that was generally not present in earlier Western films. 1564: 1560: 1562: 1892:

who were found dead in a truck in the nearby river in 1977, with police investigation remaining inconclusive to this day about whether the truck driving into the river was a simple accident or a racially-motivated attack.

1602:(2009). He is credited with bringing versatile and masterful performances into Hollywood which have helped to dismantle some of the stereotypes surrounding Native Americans within the industry. In 2019, Studi received the 86:

scholar Michelle H. Raheja as "a way of reimagining Native-centered articulations of self-representation and autonomy that engage the powerful ideologies of mass media," to take back the right to tell their own stories.

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The eight-episode series is notable for two firsts: using an entirely Indigenous creative team (behind-the-scenes and in front of the camera) and shooting its entire season in Oklahoma (never done before for a scripted

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was written, directed, and acted in by Native Americans. Like Powwow Highway, it is also a road movie and buddy film that examines friendship, fatherhood, and the roles of tradition versus modernity in Indian Country.

785:. During the Pleasure Island scene, characters gather in Tobacco Road, and there are six racist caricatures of Native American Chiefs wearing headdresses, smoking peace pipes, and throwing out free cigars to the crowd. 919:

say that it presents the idea that the only good native is one that helps white people. It is argued that Pocahontas is portrayed as a princess for protecting John Smith while the other native people are presented as

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that work to represent the depth and complexity of indigenous peoples as people and provide a realistic account of their culture. Contemporary Native filmmakers have employed the use of visual sovereignty, defined by

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were all the same in regards to culture, behavior, language, and social organization". Other scholars argued these films in fact showed a wide range of depictions of Native people from noble to sympathetic.

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and Gina Gammell—in both of their respective feature directorial debuts—from a screenplay by Keough, Gammell, Franklin Sioux Bob and Bill Reddy. It stars Jojo Bapteise Whiting and Ladainian Crazy Thunder.

3301: 5696: 261:, with recurring scenes of white mother struggling to protect her infant, while a Native American mother is killed and collapses offscreen. Griffith would later become infamous for his creation of 3668: 1606:, an honorary award that commemorates the lifetime performance of an actor each year. Studi is just the second actor to receive an award for performances in film, following Ben Johnson in 1972. 3650:

Raheja, Michelle. “Reading Nanook's Smile: Visual Sovereignty, Indigenous Revisions of Ethnography, and Atanarjuat (the Fast Runner).” American Quarterly, vol. 59, no. 4, 2007, pp. 1159–1185.,

4290: 3604: 1324: 1712:(2004). Outside of film, Westerman has used his musical talents to bring greater awareness to issues facing indigenous people in the United States. He collaborated with artists such as 226:

to produce accurate Native American silent films with positive portrayals. Deer, an actor, writer, and director, was involved in the production of over 150 movies, an example being

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The portrayal of Native Americans in film has been criticized for perceived systemic problems since the inception of the industry for its use of stereotypes that range from violent

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for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant". It is one of few films featuring Native American characters and directed by a Native filmmaker (along with

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for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant". It is one of few films featuring Native American characters and directed by a Native filmmaker (along with

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appeared, which many credit as the first postwar Western to depict Native Americans sympathetically. Starting in the 1990s, Native American filmmakers have attempted to make

944:, during which they meet a girl mouse Cholena. The sachem mouse, Chief Wulisso, decides to send his daughter Cholena to the surface to see if they have "changed their ways". 2104: 186:

The film featured a sympathetic depiction of Native American characters; however, critics describe their portrayal as a "helpless Indian race...forced to recede before the

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constant warfare and vengeance against white characters. But while some individual Native characters appeared as drunkards, cruel, or unintelligent, others, like those in

5726: 1943:, as they spend their days hanging out and committing crimes to earn enough money to leave their reservation community. It is the first American series to feature all 383:. He starred in numerous silent films, made the transition to talkies, began producing his own films, and went on to become the highest paid entertainer in Hollywood. 1065:

actress Raquel Welch played a Sioux warrior who killed her husband and was banished from her tribe. Welch played the role despite being half Bolivian and half white.

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https://decolonization.wordpress.com/2014/10/24/on-violence-and-vengeance-rhymes-for-young-ghouls-and-the-horrific-history-of-canadas-indian-residential-schools/

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Carlton, Sean. “On Violence and Vengeance: Rhymes for Young Ghouls and the Horrific History of Canada's Indian Residential Schools.” Wordpress, 24 Oct. 2014,

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minority group; from Black, to Asian, and to Native American, many marginalized groups in America have felt the effects of whitewashing in the film industry.

5706: 5701: 2063: 2512: 1561: 1294: 71:. A variety of images appeared from the early to mid 1930s, and by the late 1930s negative images briefly dominated Westerns. In 1950, the watershed film 4456: 1203:

and Yellow Thunder Woman, who hails from the Yankton Sioux and Rosebud Sioux reservations of South Dakota. Both of them are members of the LA pop group

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in Nebraska. Early in her career, she starred in many small film roles. She was best known for starring in one of Hollywood's first feature Westerns,

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Green, Rayna. “The Pocahontas Perplex: The Image of Indian Women in American Culture.” Intercultural and Interracial Relations, 1993, pp. 150–166.,

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Mihelich, John. "Smoke or Signals? American Popular Culture and the Challenge to Hegemonic Images of American Indians in Native American Film."

3157: 3548: 4109: 729:, it is also a road movie and buddy film that examines friendship, fatherhood, and the roles of tradition versus modernity in Indian Country. 5691: 5686: 5676: 1622: 933: 3579: 1632: 1592: 1208: 2267:

Buffalo Bill's Own Story of His Life and Deeds: This Autobiography Tells in His Own Graphic Words the Wonderful Story of His Heroic Career

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is an example of a film that focuses on Native American characters prior to colonization. The film dramatizes a famine experienced by the

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mother. An actor early in his career, Carewe started directing Hollywood films in 1914 during the silent era. Some of his films include

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writes "White males have long dominated the film industry (. . .) Yet, Indian filmmakers have been on the rise in recent decades."

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often portrayed Native Americans as victims and white people as the frontier's aggressive intruders. While the studio comedy

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episode “Over a Barrel” has Native American ponies, as well as a character named Little Strongheart, a brown cow-like pony.

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Price, John A. "The Stereotyping of North American Indians in Motion Pictures." In G.M. Bataille and C.L.S. Silet, eds.

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which some audiences misunderstood as history. In 1912, Buffalo Bill Cody produced a three-minute silent film titled

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interpretation of history, however twisted, we did not do right. We were not lawful nor were we just in what we did.

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O'Connor, John E. "The White Man's Indian. An Institutional Approach." In P.C. Rollins and John E. O'Connor, eds.

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is the first nationally distributed children's to feature an Alaska Native as the main character and protagonist.

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as a lunatic – a fool and a fop – whom the white protagonist betrays for the sake of his adopted Indian family.

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fictionalized with Pocahontas and John Smith ending up falling in love with each other. Critics of Disney's

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film, with the goal of rationalizing the government's actions. Despite its historical inaccuracies, a 1914

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Evans, Michael. “Igloolik Isuma.” Isuma: Inuit Video Art, McGill-Queen's University Press, Montréal, 2014.

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while the other visits sacred sites to greet the dawn. Both are on their way to free a friend from jail.

5596: 5175: 2074: 1521: 1479: 1402: 1379: 1161: 899: 806: 789: 773: 756: 622: 531: 486: 405: 307: 295: 262: 3036: 196: 1074:(1987), white comedian George Carlin appropriates Native culture in his role as Frank Madras, a scout. 5029: 4240: 4183: 3846:, Norbert Hill, and Mary Ann Hill. "Media Stereotyping and Native Response: An Historical Overview." 3556: 1968: 1803: 1768: 1762: 1638: 1485: 1460: 1345: 1244: 1182:

is a 1992 documentary film produced and directed by Native American filmmaker, Victor Masayesva Jr. (

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actor and professional horse trainer known for starring in over 80 films. Some of his work includes

5285: 5183: 4653: 4345: 4144: 1860: 1692:, who also went by 'Red Crow', was a Dakota Sioux actor, activist and musician born in 1936 on the 1204: 903: 564: 465: 244: 3807:"A Race Divided: The Indian Westerns of John Ford," American Indian Culture & Research Journal 122: 5570: 5560: 5360: 5272: 5054: 4173: 4168: 2672: 2629: 2477: 2271: 2238: 2198: 2040: 1944: 1598: 1586: 1525: 1451: 1430: 1422: 1390: 1353: 1315: 1300: 1096: 883: 678: 580: 379: 4001:

Shooting Cowboys and Indians. Silent Western Films, American Culture, and the Birth of Hollywood

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cinema, citing killing of helpless unarmed Indigenous peoples and the theft of their territory.

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who lived from 1933 to 1987. He received his big acting break with the role "Chief" Bromden in

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Fantasies of the Master Race. Literature, Cinema, and the Colonization of the American Indians

3795: 3276: 3191: 3158:"'Suicide Squad's Adam Beach On Why Casting Of Others For Native American Roles Is So Hurtful" 2948: 2823: 2796: 2763: 2759: 2725: 2664: 2621: 2469: 2190: 2045: 1682: 1194: 1174: 854: 478: 130: 57: 1333:(1883–1940), the most prolific Native American director of feature films in Hollywood history 5586: 5575: 5464: 5244: 5208: 5198: 4942: 4869: 4833: 4805: 4758: 4636: 4178: 3651: 3216: 2656: 2613: 2587: 2459: 2180: 2147: 1881: 1824: 1713: 1702: 1676: 1603: 1496: 1492: 1473: 1412: 1394: 1357: 1229: 875: 652: 367: 355: 345: 285: 219: 215: 168: 164: 78: 29: 3985: 3693:

Powster. “Night Raiders.” Night Raiders | Official Website | 08 October 2021, 8 Oct. 2021,

1516:(1924). From 1911 to 1914, James Young Deer was Head of Production/general manager for the 340:...Historically Correct and all scenes TAKEN ON THE EXACT LOCATION of the original battles. 5410: 5400: 5231: 5216: 5099: 4725: 4465: 4188: 3701: 3023: 3019: 2842: 1873: 1856: 1834: 1689: 1369: 1133: 993: 274: 208: 187: 108: 53: 49: 2265: 540: 3470: 2647:

Price, John A. (1973). "The Stereotyping of North American Indians in Motion Pictures".

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Price, John A. (1973). "The Stereotyping of North American Indians in Motion Pictures".

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The Invention of the Western Film: A Cultural History of the Genre's First Half Century

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Bovey, Seth. "Dances with Stereotypes: Western Films and the Myth of the Noble Red."

3760: 2990:. Commonwealth of Virginia, Virginia Council on Indians. January 2012. Archived from 2867: 2752: 2481: 2354: 2202: 1932: 1928: 1717: 1614: 1610: 1468: 1019: 846: 802: 691: 683: 507: 299: 83: 3358: 3333: 2496: 5621: 5555: 5504: 5454: 5444: 5339: 5160: 5132: 5109: 5064: 4909: 4884: 4851: 4813: 4740: 4673: 4620: 4584: 4566: 4268: 4139: 3816:

The White Man's Indian. Images of the American Indian from Columbus to the Present.

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Sandos, James, and Larry Burgess. "The Hollywood Indian versus Native Americans.

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Native American who lived from 1939 to 2012. Means was the first director of the

1126:(2013) has been accepted in Comanche groups, critics argue that Depp engaged in “ 5439: 5418: 5375: 5321: 5193: 5155: 5127: 5104: 5049: 4971: 4658: 4594: 4546: 4521: 4423: 4413: 4209: 3986:

Dressing in Feathers. The Construction of the Indian in American Popular Culture

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of Delaware, and worked both as a director and actor. Some of his films include

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can reflect contemporary and historical perceptions of Native Americans and the

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Raheja, Michelle H. “Visual Sovereignty.” Native Studies Keywords, pp. 25–34.,

366:. Although Curtis wrote and directed the film, all of its actors were entirely 5631: 5580: 5280: 5262: 5044: 5024: 4965: 4937: 4879: 4874: 4794: 4735: 4697: 4381: 4233: 4090:

List of films featuring Native Americans provided by Michigan State University

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writer and actor who started acting in 1912. Some of his filmography includes

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Circa the 1860s, stories involving heroic Indian figures were proliferated in

3302:"THE IMPACT OF THE NAVAJO-HOPI LAND SETTLEMENT ACT OF 1974 P.L. 93-531 et al" 3280: 3195: 2668: 2625: 2473: 2194: 5641: 5545: 5479: 5308: 5299: 5254: 5239: 4961: 4932: 4841: 4823: 4818: 4689: 4685: 4663: 4610: 4589: 4561: 4536: 4481: 3498: 1885: 1848: 1577: 1426: 1254: 1233: 1147: 937: 810: 755:(2005) offers a largely fictionalized retelling of the relationship between 145: 64: 4094: 2573:. Media History Digital Library. New York, Wid's Films and Film Folks, Inc. 2542: 2151: 1495:

was born James Young Johnson in Washington D.C. in 1876. He hails from the

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in an abandoned subway where they meet a Native American mice tribe called

2381:"Red Wing and Young Deer, the First Couple of Native American Silent Film" 2105:"An Examination of Native Americans in Film and Rise of Native Filmmakers" 1626:

also ran an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 1987 as a member of the

5626: 5616: 5601: 5390: 5137: 5089: 5009: 4576: 4531: 3655: 2015: 1940: 1863:

after accidentally killing someone in the process of committing a crime.

1581: 1105:

several Asian and Native American characters were played by white actors.

911: 822: 596: 223: 3681: 2944:"Smoke Signals: Stylish 'Signals' a Bittersweet Comedy About Friendship" 956:

is a 2003 animated film produced by Disney that follows the story of an

229:

White Fawn's Devotion: A Play Acted by a Tribe of Red Indians in America

5499: 5449: 5316: 5221: 5059: 4957: 4861: 4786: 4777: 4701: 4693: 4556: 4396: 3868:. "Foreword/American Fantasy." In G.M. Bataille and C.L.S. Silet, eds. 2985:"A Guide to Writing about Virginia Indians and Virginia Indian History" 2501:. Media History Digital Library. New York, Chalmers Publishing Company. 2464: 2216: 2185: 1911:, Follows the intertwined lives of two young Lakota boys living on the 1889: 1127: 1001:

is an animated series following the adventures of Molly, a 10-year-old

2676: 2633: 5165: 4927: 4904: 4391: 4376: 2738:

Making the White Man's Indian" Native Americans and Hollywood Movies,

2730:

Schirmer Encyclopedia of Film: Volume 3: Independent Film–Road Movies

2683:

Making the White Man's Indian" Native Americans and Hollywood Movies,

1852: 941: 417: 393: 363: 4010:

Making the White Man's Indian: Native Americans and Hollywood Movies

3791:

Making the White Man's Indian. Native Americans and Hollywood Movies

2754:

Making the White Man's Indian: Native Americans and Hollywood Movies

1880:) is a 2023 Canadian drama film, written, produced, and directed by 936:. Fievel and Tony discover that an ancient treasure lies underneath 4434: 3893:

Approaches. Essays in Native North American Studies and Literatures

3184:"Hollywood Is as White, Straight and Male as Ever (Published 2018)" 2660: 2617: 682:, while hailed by mainstream audiences and providing jobs for many 5550: 5365: 5094: 4952: 4681: 1749: 1745: 1557: 1543: 1530: 1367:, Canada who lived from 1861 to 1918. He starred in films such as 1113: 957: 797:

is a 1953 animated film produced by Walt Disney. A major scene in

695: 249:, which both failed to show Native Americans in a positive light. 20: 3916: 3549:"Luther Standing Bear – Akta Lakota Museum & Cultural Center" 125:. These stage performances toured America and Europe, presenting 5472: 4506: 3962:

Hollywood's Native Americans: Stories of Identity and Resistance

3946:

Hollywood's Indian: The Portrayal of the Native American in Film

3926:

Hollywood's Indian: The Portrayal of the Native American in Film

3836: 2792:

Hollywood's Indian: The Portrayal of the Native American in Film

2402:"MJ Movie Reviews – Birth of a Nation, The (1915) by Dan DeVore" 2293:

Hollywood's High Noon: Moviemaking and Society Before Television

1766:(1998): Native Filmmaker Chris Eyre wrote and directed the film 1224: 1183: 5529: 4997: 4494: 4438: 4272: 4098: 1082:(2009) Lynn Collins plays the (Blackfoot/Niitsítapi) character 669:

where one protagonist, an angry young activist, namechecks the

332:

This most realistic film of the age...has been APPROVED BY THE

5081: 3077:"PBS KIDS Announces MOLLY OF DENALI, Premiering July 15, 2019" 2838:"Can 'Belle' End Hollywood's Obsession with the White Savior?" 2517:

re-release, a joint project of U'mista and Rutgers University"

2421:"Revered and Reviled: D.W. Griffith's 'The Birth of a Nation'" 1232:(soundtrack composer), Graham Greene (Native American actor), 723:

was written, directed, and acted in by Native Americans. Like

3934:

The Pretend Indians: Images of Native Americans in the Movies

3870:

The Pretend Indians: Images of Native Americans in the Movies

1939:. It follows the lives of four Indigenous teenagers in rural 1884:. The film centers on the true story of five youths from the 354:, a fictionalized documentary about the lives and culture of 291:

The Indian War Refought: The Wars for Civilization in America

4068: 3949:(Lexington/KY: University Press of Kentucky, 2003), 107–120. 3629: 2888:"'Jurassic Park', 'Shining' added to National Film Registry" 2112:

The Elon Journal of Undergraduate Research in Communications

3877:

From Savage to Nobleman. Images of Native Americans in Film

1752:

owned production company known for producing films such as

1130:” and casting him over Native actors was a racist decision. 302:, including men, women, and children, and buried them in a 3929:(Lexington/KY: University Press of Kentucky, 2003), 27–38. 3756:"Oklahoma teens California dreaming in 'Reservation Dogs'" 2922:"American Indians in Feature Films: Beyond the Big Screen" 2736:: Schirmer Reference, 2007, pp. 211–214, . Angela Aleiss, 837:(1988): Is an animated parody television film directed by 3888:(Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press, 1999). 3628:

Isuma. IsumaTV. (n.d.). Retrieved December 5, 2021, from

1724:

to achieve such goals. He was also an ambassador for the

1026:

in protest for the representation of Native Americans in

3911:(Norman/OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 2015): 81–111. 1524:, California. He was married to Native American actress 1463:, also known as Ota K'Te (Plenty Kill), was born on the 829:", that features racist caricatures of Native Americans. 3719:"Avant les rues: une oeuvre utile et pertinente ***1/2" 3580:"Oscars Honor Actor Wes Studi for Lifetime Achievement" 3131: 1780:'s early films) that received theatrical distribution. 1668:. Sampson was also known for starring in films such as 719:'s early films) that received theatrical distribution. 711:(1998) which has been selected for preservation in the 294:

which romanticized multiple battles including the 1890

4065:

Picturing Indians: Native Americans in Film, 1941-1960

1866:

Also by Her, And the tellings of Elders from Manawan,

1467:

in South Dakota and lived from 1868 to 1939. He is an

4056:

Native Recognition: Indigenous Cinema and the Western

3908:

Still in the Saddle: The Hollywood Western, 1969-1980

3445:"Reel Injun: Native Americans Portrayal in Hollywood" 2069:

Stereotypes about indigenous peoples of North America

1947:

writers and directors, along with an almost entirely

1005:

girl, her friends Tooey and Trini, and her dog Suki.

38:

portrayal of Native Americans in television and films

5697:

History of racism in the cinema of the United States

3943:(1969)." In P.C. Rollins and John E. O'Connor, eds. 3738:"À la recherche de talents autochtones pour un film" 1621:, which was originally created to fight poverty and 5490: 5463: 5432: 5409: 5353: 5330: 5307: 5298: 5271: 5253: 5230: 5207: 5174: 5146: 5118: 5080: 5017: 5008: 4920: 4860: 4832: 4803: 4785: 4776: 4751: 4711: 4672: 4644: 4635: 4603: 4575: 4514: 4505: 4364: 4306: 4250: 4218: 4202: 4153: 4132: 3914:Nolley, Ken. "John Ford and the Hollywood Indian." 2826:. April 28, 1989. Archived at Digital Chicago, Inc. 2784: 2782: 2495:New York, Chalmers Publishing Company (July 1914). 813:celebrating at the Indian camp after Peter rescues 2795:. University Press of Kentucky. pp. 121–136. 2751: 2567:New York, Wid's Films and Film Folks (June 1930). 1772:, which has been selected for preservation in the 925:An American Tail: The Treasure of Manhattan Island 2264:Buffalo Bill, William Lightfoot Visscher (1917). 1810:Written and directed by the Cree-Métis filmmaker 690:. In the film U.S. soldiers capture John Dunbar ( 44:roles in cinema, particularly their depiction in 3398:"The Canary Effect | 2006 Tribeca Film Festival" 3052:"The Racist History of Peter Pan's Indian Tribe" 2456:Angles. New Perspectives on the Anglophone World 2177:Angles. New Perspectives on the Anglophone World 1223:is a 2009 Canadian documentary film directed by 698:people are now extinct, which a few criticized. 472:Revisionist Westerns featuring Native characters 3824:"Telling the Truth from Inside Indian Country." 1696:in Roberts County, South Dakota. He starred in 686:actors, has also been cited as a return to the 377:(Cherokee, 1879–1935) made his film debut with 5477: 3989:(Boulder/CO and Oxford: Westview Press, 1996). 3879:(Lanham/MD and London: Scarecrow Press, 1995). 3712: 3710: 3338:Documentary Educational Resources Online Store 3217:"U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: United States" 1859:as Shawnouk, a man undertaking the process of 898:is a 1995 Disney animated film. In this film, 4450: 4284: 4110: 3499:"BBC Four – Rich Hall's Inventing the Indian" 298:, wherein U.S. Army soldiers killed over 250 8: 3885:Celluloid Indians. Native Americans in Film. 2937: 2935: 144:with humble dignity - possibly creating the 4003:(Boulder/CO: University of Colorado, 2003). 3872:(Ann Arbor: Books on Demand, 1994), ix–xvi. 3695:https://www.nightraidersmovie.com/synopsis/ 3373:"The Canary Effect | Tribeca Film Festival" 2709:The Truth about Stories: A Native Narrative 1664:(1975), one of only three films to win the 5526: 5304: 5014: 5005: 4994: 4782: 4641: 4511: 4502: 4491: 4457: 4443: 4435: 4291: 4277: 4269: 4117: 4103: 4095: 3936:(Ann Arbor: Books on Demand, 1994), 75–91. 2374: 2372: 1788:Written and directed by Mi'kmaq filmmaker 1421:, also known as Jay John Fox, was born in 1034:Whitewashing of Native American characters 2463: 2184: 2064:Native Americans in children's literature 1997:Indigenous peoples of the Americas portal 1737:right to tell their own stories. Scholar 1415:, another indigenous actor and director. 1318:(1873–1964), Native American film actress 655:with contemporary Native content such as 644:character as well as showing Lt. Colonel 3862:(San Francisco: City Light Books, 1998). 3794:(Westport/CT and London: Praeger, 2005) 2882: 2880: 2419:Armstrong, Eric M. (February 26, 2010). 1356:, also known as Elijah Tahamont, was an 928:(1998): Is an animated film directed by 834:The Good, the Bad, and Huckleberry Hound 620:In the 1970s, Revisionist Westerns like 159: 5727:Western (genre) staples and terminology 4258:Native American Film and Video Festival 3994:Injuns!' Native Americans in the Movies 2217:"The Life of Buffalo Bill, Parts I-III" 2086: 2026:Native American Film and Video Festival 1514:Lieutenant Daring RN and the Water Rats 1348:(1868–1939), Native American film actor 1303:(1855–1918), Native American film actor 1287: 5682:Native American cultural appropriation 3717:Lussier, Marc-André (April 15, 2016). 3680:“Blood Quantum.” TIFF, 22 Sept. 2021, 3493: 3491: 2379:Brightwell, Eric (November 20, 2010). 636:still centers on a white protagonist, 5712:Stereotypes of Native American people 4320:Asian and Pacific Islander Americans 3682:https://tiff.net/events/blood-quantum 3269:"Film: 'Broken Rainbow', Documentary" 2915: 2913: 2911: 2909: 2582: 2580: 2310:National Film Preservation Foundation 1744:As an example of visual sovereignty, 1654:, from Oklahoma, was a member of the 7: 4351:Native Americans and Alaskan Natives 3243:"When white actors play other races" 2351:Nebraska State Education Association 2166: 2164: 2162: 2160: 2142: 2140: 2098: 2096: 2094: 2092: 2090: 1209:American Indian Movement of Colorado 1146:, the Native American princess from 853:. The subplot of this film involves 781:is a 1940 animated film produced by 336:and made under the DIRECTION OF THE 5707:Social history of the United States 5702:Native Americans in popular culture 4013:. Westport, Conn./London: Praeger. 3103:"The New York Times: Best Pictures" 2711:. House of Anansi Press Inc., 2010. 2498:Moving Picture World (Jul-Sep 1914) 2306:"Preserved Films: 'The Prospector'" 2059:Native Americans in popular culture 2011:List of films featuring colonialism 1726:International Indian Treaty Council 986:My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic 318:. It can be therefore considered a 152:dichotomy, or "double stereotype." 3965:(Santa Barbara/CA: Praeger, 2022) 3267:Goodman, Walter (April 11, 1986). 3156:Beach, Adam (September 14, 2017). 3037:"Pinocchio (1940) – Prof Wagstaff" 1630:. He has starred in films such as 1365:St. Francis Indian Village, Quebec 1099:adaptation of the animated series 863:An American Tail: Fievel Goes West 817:, the daughter of the chief, from 14: 4081:Jay Tavare, "Hollywood Indians", 3754:Starr, Michael (August 3, 2021). 3101:Brando, Marlon (March 30, 1973). 1580:, born in 1947 in Oklahoma, is a 825:. This scene includes the song, " 412:elements. The film begins with a 4300:Stereotypes in the United States 1989: 1975: 1961: 1694:Lake Traverse Indian Reservation 1425:, in 1883 to a white father and 1338: 1323: 1308: 1293: 1278:Prominent Native American actors 805:, John and Michael Darling, the 4974:(self styled captain, braggart) 4067:. University of Nebraska Press. 4028:Simmon, Scott (June 30, 2003). 3996:(Bodmin: Reaktion Books, 2006). 3819:(New York: Random House, 1978). 2942:Thomas, Kevin (June 26, 1998). 2758:. Praeger Publishers. pp. 2515:In the Land of the Head Hunters 2450:Berny, Martin (April 1, 2020). 2171:Berny, Martin (April 1, 2020). 1661:One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest 866:(1991): Is an animated film by 801:involves the Darling children, 651:The 1980s saw the emergence of 351:In the Land of the Head Hunters 190:." Similar depictions included 48:productions. Especially in the 4341:Hispanics and Latino Americans 3977:Native Americans on Network TV 3182:Salam, Maya (August 2, 2018). 2006:List of Native American actors 1289:Early Native Americans in Film 688:White savior narrative in film 373:In 1918, vaudeville performer 32:, who was not Native American. 1: 4219:Documentaries about portrayal 3810:, 18 (2), Summer 1995, 25–34. 2570:The Film Daily (Jul-Dec 1930) 1927:television series created by 1913:Pine Ridge Indian Reservation 1520:West Coast Studio located in 1284:Racism in early American film 1271:Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee 1058:The Legend of Walks Far Woman 767:Native Americans in animation 121:popularized conflict between 107:From the 1870s to the 1910s, 16:Depiction of Native Americans 5692:Films about Native Americans 5687:Depictions of people on film 5677:Culture of the United States 3941:Tell Them Willie Boy is Here 2425:The Moving Arts Film Journal 934:Universal Studios Home Video 705:wrote and directed the film 557:Buffalo Bill and the Indians 517:Tell Them Willie Boy Is Here 5478: 5345:Elderly martial arts master 5040:Hooker with a heart of gold 4316:African and Black Americans 2740:(2005), Praeger Publishers. 2722:Native Americans and Cinema 2685:(2005), Praeger Publishers. 2239:"John B. O'Brien, Director" 2103:Boyd, Julia (Spring 2015). 1801:Another Jeff Barnaby film, 1755:Atanarjuat: The Fast Runner 1411:(1914). She was married to 1397:mother and French Canadian/ 573:Back to the Future Part III 192:The Indian Runner's Romance 5743: 4036:Cambridge University Press 3700:November 17, 2021, at the 3359:"Imagining Indians (1992)" 2836:Goff, Keli (May 4, 2014). 2774:an indian love story 1911. 2270:. Homewood Press. p. 2073:2022 Hollywood apology to 2031:Indian burial ground trope 1888:First Nation community of 1746:Igloolik Isuma Productions 1281: 1102:Avatar: The Last Airbender 967:Avatar: The Last Airbender 827:What Made the Red Man Red? 438:The Red Girl and the Child 5536: 5525: 5004: 4993: 4501: 4490: 4472: 4164:Indian Actors Association 4069:https://www.lizablack.com 4059:. Albany, NY: SUNY Press. 3895:(Augsburg: Wißner, 2002). 3742:Ici Radio-Canada Première 3630:http://www.isuma.tv/isuma 2920:Domínguez, Daisy (2014). 2694:Diamond, Neil, director. 2592:10.1515/9783110978926.150 2118:: 105–111. Archived from 1949:Indigenous North American 1896:Directed and produced by 902:, while on the voyage to 845:with executive producers 442:A Cry from the Wilderness 430:The Red Man and the Child 310:; it was directed by the 306:. This film depicted the 182:The Red Man and the Child 135:The Life of Buffalo Bill, 4169:Lillian Margaret St. Cyr 4126:Native Americans in film 3905:Nelson, Andrew Patrick. 2543:"Will Rogers' Biography" 2295:, JHU Press, 1997, p. 27 2243:The Moving Picture World 1823:Written and directed by 1633:The Last of the Mohicans 1619:American Indian Movement 1593:The Last of the Mohicans 1570:The Last of the Mohicans 1551:The Last of the Mohicans 1316:Lillian Margaret St. Cyr 1267:The Last of the Mohicans 1138:(2015) cast white actor 1079:X-Men Origins: Wolverine 1018:In 1973, American actor 964:Animated fantasy series 671:American Indian Movement 334:UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT 316:United States government 4053:Hearne, Joanna (2013). 4007:Aleiss, Angela (2005). 3882:Kilpatrick, Jacquelyn. 3850:11.4 (1978): 45–56, 63. 2789:Rollins, Peter (2011). 2750:Aleiss, Angela (2005). 2021:Indian Wedding Blessing 1795:Rhymes for Young Ghouls 1666:Big Five Academy Awards 646:George Armstrong Custer 424:who stars in the film. 52:genre, Native American 5072:Manic Pixie Dream Girl 4496:By ethics and morality 3999:Smith, Andrew Brodie. 3132:"Whitewashing in film" 2345:Sanders, Jean (2004). 2152:10.2307/j.ctt183gxzb.6 1877: 1838: 1774:National Film Registry 1671:The Outlaw Josey Wales 1609:Born in South Dakota, 1574: 1555: 1541: 1465:Pine Ridge Reservation 1393:was born in 1884 to a 839:Charles August Nichols 713:National Film Registry 360:Queen Charlotte Strait 342: 328:advertisement claims, 203:By 1910, one-fifth of 172: 33: 5722:Western (genre) films 4365:Regional & social 4308:Ethnic & national 3983:Bird, Elizabeth, ed. 3920:23.1–4 (1993): 39–49. 3902:16.2 (2001), 129–137. 3831:(September 29, 2002). 2547:Will Rogers Institute 2523:on September 24, 2008 2219:. Library of Congress 2075:Sacheen Littlefeather 1843:) is a 2016 Canadian 1613:was an Oglala Lakota 1567: 1547: 1534: 1480:Cyclone of the Saddle 1403:Winnebago Reservation 1385:The Dishonoured Metal 1380:The Birth of a Nation 487:The Deadly Companions 416:speech in English by 386:The 1930 silent film 348:directed silent film 344:In 1914, ethnologist 330: 296:Wounded Knee Massacre 163: 24: 4241:Inventing the Indian 4184:Luther Standing Bear 3848:The Indian Historian 3840:7.2 (1993): 115–122. 3813:Berkhofer, Richard. 3744:, November 19, 2020. 3656:10.1353/aq.2007.0083 3314:on November 27, 2020 3056:Smithsonian Magazine 2997:on February 24, 2012 2973:. February 23, 2001. 2870:. Tig Productions. 2734:Farmington Hills, MI 2125:on November 21, 2015 1969:United States portal 1639:Natural Born Killers 1573:(1920) complete film 1461:Luther Standing Bear 1346:Luther Standing Bear 1250:Inventing the Indian 1245:Inventing the Indian 1039:Whitewashing in film 880:Amblin Entertainment 613:The Only Good Indian 450:The Indian Land Grab 422:Chauncey Yellow Robe 356:Kwakwakaʼwakw people 325:Moving Picture World 314:and approved by the 308:massacre as a battle 5286:Princess and dragon 5184:Princesse lointaine 4684:(servants, clowns: 4654:Gentleman detective 4145:Nipo T. Strongheart 3992:Buscombe, Edward. ' 3837:South Dakota Review 3553:aktalakota.stjo.org 3334:"Imagining Indians" 3107:archive.nytimes.com 2926:CUNY Academic Works 2894:. December 12, 2018 2720:Beverly R. Singer: 2316:on October 11, 2014 2245:. December 14, 1912 1907:is a 2022 American 1861:restorative justice 1851:people of northern 1537:Custer's Last Fight 1205:The Bastard Fairies 565:The Missouri Breaks 466:Revisionist Western 420:chief and activist 277:that portrayed the 146:bloodthirsty savage 123:cowboys and Indians 5571:Identity formation 5361:American mappillai 5273:Damsel in distress 5055:Magical girlfriend 4960:(wealthy old men, 4336:European Americans 4063:Liza Black. 2020. 3822:Brockman, Joshua. 3528:chickasawtimes.net 3273:The New York Times 3188:The New York Times 2864:Dances with Wolves 2465:10.4000/angles.331 2186:10.4000/angles.331 2041:Pre-Code Hollywood 1830:Before the Streets 1732:Visual sovereignty 1698:Dances with Wolves 1587:Dances with Wolves 1575: 1556: 1542: 1423:Gainesville, Texas 1263:A Man Called Horse 1097:M. Night Shyamalan 1092:The Last Airbender 1071:Outrageous Fortune 884:Universal Pictures 679:Dances with Wolves 581:Dances with Wolves 414:sound-synchronized 398:post-classical era 380:Laughing Bill Hyde 197:The Red Man's View 173: 129:fiction about the 34: 5664: 5663: 5660: 5659: 5541:Adolescent clique 5521: 5520: 5517: 5516: 5513: 5512: 5294: 5293: 5030:Farmer's daughter 4999:By sex and gender 4989: 4988: 4985: 4984: 4981: 4980: 4772: 4771: 4631: 4630: 4552:Mythological king 4432: 4431: 4419:White Southerners 4356:Arabs and Muslims 4266: 4265: 4227:Imagining Indians 4194:Molly Spotted Elk 3900:Wicazso Sa Review 3875:Hilger, Michael. 3424:The Canary Effect 3138:, October 5, 2020 2949:Los Angeles Times 2824:Chicago Sun-Times 2726:Barry Keith Grant 2046:Spaghetti Western 1878:Soleils Atikamekw 1855:, the film stars 1703:Dharma & Greg 1683:The White Buffalo 1628:Libertarian party 1565: 1528:and died in 1946. 1375:The Woman Untamed 1200:The Canary Effect 1195:The Canary Effect 1180:Imagining Indians 1175:Imagining Indians 855:Huckleberry Hound 701:Native Filmmaker 653:independent films 479:Two Rode Together 406:spiritual visions 400:and incorporates 267:Birth of a Nation 131:American frontier 79:independent films 5734: 5717:Stock characters 5587:Little green men 5576:Imaginary friend 5527: 5483: 5305: 5245:Mammy stereotype 5199:Yamato nadeshiko 5015: 5006: 4995: 4870:Bug-eyed monster 4834:Social Darwinist 4783: 4759:Good cop/bad cop 4642: 4512: 4503: 4492: 4466:Stock characters 4459: 4452: 4445: 4436: 4293: 4286: 4279: 4270: 4179:James Young Deer 4119: 4112: 4105: 4096: 4060: 4049: 4024: 3959:Aleiss, Angela. 3917:Film and History 3804:Aleiss, Angela. 3788:Aleiss, Angela. 3777: 3776: 3770: 3768: 3751: 3745: 3735: 3729: 3728: 3714: 3705: 3691: 3685: 3678: 3672: 3665: 3659: 3648: 3642: 3639: 3633: 3626: 3620: 3619: 3617: 3615: 3601: 3595: 3594: 3592: 3590: 3575: 3569: 3568: 3566: 3564: 3555:. 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Archived from 2398: 2392: 2391: 2389: 2387: 2376: 2367: 2366: 2364: 2362: 2357:on June 25, 2012 2353:. Archived from 2342: 2336: 2332: 2326: 2325: 2323: 2321: 2312:. Archived from 2302: 2296: 2289: 2283: 2282: 2280: 2278: 2261: 2255: 2254: 2252: 2250: 2235: 2229: 2228: 2226: 2224: 2213: 2207: 2206: 2188: 2168: 2155: 2144: 2135: 2134: 2132: 2130: 2124: 2109: 2100: 1999: 1994: 1993: 1992: 1985: 1980: 1979: 1978: 1971: 1966: 1965: 1964: 1920:Reservation Dogs 1623:police brutality 1566: 1548:Film poster for 1509:The Great Secret 1497:Nanticoke people 1493:James Young Deer 1413:James Young Deer 1342: 1327: 1312: 1297: 1230:Robbie Robertson 1211:since the 1980s. 1112:'s portrayal of 997:(2019–present): 876:Steven Spielberg 549:Jeremiah Johnson 389:The Silent Enemy 346:Edward S. Curtis 286:Theodore Wharton 257:'s roles in the 220:James Young Deer 165:James Young Deer 137:starring himself 69:peaceful savages 54:stock characters 30:Mona Darkfeather 28:(1914) starring 5742: 5741: 5737: 5736: 5735: 5733: 5732: 5731: 5667: 5666: 5665: 5656: 5532: 5509: 5486: 5459: 5428: 5411:Prince Charming 5405: 5401:Superfluous man 5396:Nice Jewish boy 5349: 5326: 5290: 5267: 5249: 5232:Lady-in-waiting 5226: 5203: 5170: 5142: 5114: 5100:Fairy godmother 5076: 5000: 4977: 4916: 4856: 4828: 4799: 4768: 4747: 4726:Gentleman thief 4707: 4700: and 4668: 4627: 4599: 4571: 4497: 4486: 4468: 4463: 4433: 4428: 4402:Mountain Whites 4360: 4302: 4297: 4267: 4262: 4246: 4214: 4198: 4189:Chief Yowlachie 4149: 4128: 4123: 4083:Huffington Post 4077: 4052: 4046: 4027: 4021: 4006: 3956: 3954:Further reading 3891:Lutz, Hartmut. 3854:Churchill, Ward 3844:Churchill, Ward 3785: 3780: 3766: 3764: 3753: 3752: 3748: 3736: 3732: 3716: 3715: 3708: 3702:Wayback Machine 3692: 3688: 3679: 3675: 3666: 3662: 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Lone Ranger 1052: 1036: 1016: 1007:Molly of Denali 999:Molly of Denali 994:Molly of Denali 769: 474: 462: 446:A Leap for Life 275:propaganda film 241:A Pueblo Legend 188:advancing white 158: 156:Silent film era 109:Wild West shows 98: 93: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5740: 5738: 5730: 5729: 5724: 5719: 5714: 5709: 5704: 5699: 5694: 5689: 5684: 5679: 5669: 5668: 5662: 5661: 5658: 5657: 5655: 5654: 5649: 5644: 5639: 5637:Tragic mulatto 5634: 5629: 5624: 5619: 5614: 5612:Shoulder angel 5609: 5604: 5599: 5594: 5589: 5584: 5583:("The Lovers") 5578: 5573: 5568: 5563: 5558: 5553: 5548: 5543: 5537: 5534: 5533: 5530: 5523: 5522: 5519: 5518: 5515: 5514: 5511: 5510: 5508: 5507: 5502: 5496: 5494: 5488: 5487: 5485: 5484: 5475: 5469: 5467: 5461: 5460: 5458: 5457: 5452: 5447: 5442: 5436: 5434: 5430: 5429: 5427: 5426: 5421: 5415: 5413: 5407: 5406: 5404: 5403: 5398: 5393: 5388: 5383: 5378: 5373: 5368: 5363: 5357: 5355: 5351: 5350: 5348: 5347: 5342: 5336: 5334: 5328: 5327: 5325: 5324: 5319: 5313: 5311: 5302: 5296: 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2043: 2038: 2036:Plastic Shaman 2033: 2028: 2023: 2018: 2013: 2008: 2002: 2001: 2000: 1986: 1972: 1956: 1953: 1937:FX Productions 1869:Atikamekw Suns 1847:Set among the 1840:Avant les rues 1748:was the first 1733: 1730: 1401:father on the 1370:What Am I Bid? 1351: 1350: 1344: 1337: 1335: 1329: 1322: 1320: 1314: 1307: 1305: 1299: 1292: 1290: 1279: 1276: 1275: 1274: 1241: 1212: 1191: 1171: 1167:Broken Rainbow 1162:Broken Rainbow 1156: 1153: 1152: 1151: 1131: 1106: 1087: 1075: 1066: 1051: 1048: 1035: 1032: 1015: 1012: 1011: 1010: 990: 981: 971: 962: 945: 921: 887: 874:with producer 868:Phil Nibbelink 859: 851:Joseph Barbera 830: 786: 768: 765: 744:Buffalo Dreams 726:Powwow Highway 658:Powwow Highway 638:Dustin Hoffman 634:Little Big Man 623:Little Big Man 618: 617: 609: 601: 593: 585: 577: 569: 561: 553: 545: 537: 533:Little Big Man 529: 521: 513: 505: 497: 491: 483: 473: 470: 461: 458: 434:A Mohawk's Way 338:WAR DEPARTMENT 312:War Department 300:Lakota Indians 237:D. 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Griffith 218:film director 205:American films 157: 154: 118:Wild West Show 97: 94: 92: 89: 26:The War Bonnet 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5739: 5728: 5725: 5723: 5720: 5718: 5715: 5713: 5710: 5708: 5705: 5703: 5700: 5698: 5695: 5693: 5690: 5688: 5685: 5683: 5680: 5678: 5675: 5674: 5672: 5653: 5650: 5648: 5647:Village idiot 5645: 5643: 5640: 5638: 5635: 5633: 5630: 5628: 5625: 5623: 5620: 5618: 5615: 5613: 5610: 5608: 5605: 5603: 5600: 5598: 5595: 5593: 5592:Magical Negro 5590: 5588: 5585: 5582: 5579: 5577: 5574: 5572: 5569: 5567: 5564: 5562: 5559: 5557: 5554: 5552: 5549: 5547: 5544: 5542: 5539: 5538: 5535: 5528: 5524: 5506: 5503: 5501: 5498: 5497: 5495: 5493: 5489: 5482: 5481: 5476: 5474: 5471: 5470: 5468: 5466: 5462: 5456: 5453: 5451: 5448: 5446: 5443: 5441: 5438: 5437: 5435: 5431: 5425: 5424:Knight-errant 5422: 5420: 5417: 5416: 5414: 5412: 5408: 5402: 5399: 5397: 5394: 5392: 5389: 5387: 5386:Little Johnny 5384: 5382: 5379: 5377: 5374: 5372: 5371:Ivan the Fool 5369: 5367: 5364: 5362: 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