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398:" hat, eight inches tall. On 11 March 1791, the new regulation was passed. Essentially the uniforms remained unchanged, but the number of adornments was lessened in order to make the uniforms less expensive. However, the new uniforms were never fully introduced. For rain and cold weather, they had cavalry coats of white color buttoned with 12 buttons in the front, and heavier cloth pants, while during the summer the retainers wore loose linen summer pants. They wore black boots were of Polish design, with a one-inch heel and spurs attached.
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increased the number of men in each brigade to 876, divided into 6 squadrons, they in turn divided into 4 banners, each squadron 144 men and horses, while banner roughly 35 men and horses. On 12 November 1788 the Sejm increased the number of cavalrymen in each brigade and since then the brigades were
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horses for show and contrast. Horse harness was very well defined in the 1791 regulations: bridle with snaffle bit and curb-bit and double reins, breastplate with small 'rose' in the center, horse saddled with a Polish wooden-treed, leather-covered saddle (similar to the
Hungarian hussar one) with
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in 1795. The Sejm's 1777 decision was a rather late effort to modernize Polish–Lithuanian cavalry, along with the much earlier trend of evolution of
European cavalry towards the more modern organization of the cavalry regiments into more mobile formations. The most modern part of the reform was the
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below the point, and cavalry carbines (retainers) and various Polish sabres for all. Horses were of Polish breeding (mostly from the country's
Podolian and Volhynian studs) of medium stature, crested and with a high neck, strong footed with 'iron hooves,' fast and with much stamina. Trumpeters
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of 1794 additional units of
National Cavalry were raised in various parts of Poland. Altogether, the government formed 12 brigades of national cavalry, 2 regiments of horse guard and 16 regiments of Front Guard. However, only a few of them ever reached the specified number of men-at-arms. The
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The soldiers of the
National Cavalry were dressed in the modernized and synchronized Polish national battle dress reflecting the appearance of Hussar and Pancerni dress prescribed by the 1746
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for these cavalrymen, and in turn, this uniform of the
National Cavalry inspired numerous similar uniforms and employment of 'Polish lance' in the rest of Europe, notably the Austrian,
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high pommel and cantle, and croupier attached, with two leather pistol holsters attached to the saddle. Saddle was covered with a dyed textile 'mitug' (short
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system was preserved and the number of companions and retainers was to be equal, companions armed with a painted "kopia" or "kopija" (
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445:"Rekonstrukcja munduru towarzysza Kawalerii Narodowej Koronnej z lat 1791–1794" Piotr M. Zalewski, Militaria i fakty.
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Bronisław
Gembarzewski: "Rodowody pułków polskich i oddziałów równorzędnych", Biblioteka Muzeum Wojska, Warszawa 1925
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popular in Europe in the 19th century. Existing dragoon and Front or
Vanguard Regiments were outside this reform The
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The main offensive weapons for the
National Cavalry regiments were: 'kopija' (lances)(companion) with swallow-tail
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with red (later various colors) coloured pannel (pipping) of the
Pancerni, red Polish-style loose fit pants (
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In 1785 the uniforms were modified and all units of national cavalry since then used Navy-blue Polish
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Initial reorganization divided the National Cavalry of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth into four
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cavalrymen. This allowed the unit to be fairly flexible, with the first cug used for break-through
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Companion of the 1st, Greater Poland, Brigade of National Cavalry in the uniform introduced in 1790
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in the last quarter of the 18th century. Formed as a merger of previously-existing units of
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to be 3600 men strong. The division onto banners was also abolished and replaced with a
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National cavalry and artillerymen defending a rampart against Russian infantry in 1794
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had a very short history of 20 years, and some units stationed in the eastern
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sub-units. The first cug in every squadron consisted of 32 former
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were forcibly incorporated into the Russian cavalry following the
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Military history of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
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National Cavalry took part in several battles of the
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468:Military units and formations established in 1775
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436:: "Gawędy o broni i mundurze", Warszawa 1984
90:Polish National Cavalry in 1794 painting of
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74:Learn how and when to remove this message
228:altogether. The ancient and ineffective
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151:that were still in service after the
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297:. Among the most notable were:
181:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
137:Polish-Lithuanian armed forces
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443:Brygada I Kawalerii Narodowej
352:Uniforms, horse tack and arms
218:Crown of the Polish Kingdom
171:, roughly similar to later
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365:Michał Kazimierz Radziwiłł
185:Second Partition of Poland
167:and reformed them into a
133:Polish–Lithuanian cavalry
92:Walery Eljasz-Radzikowski
291:Russo-Polish war of 1792
222:Grand Duchy of Lithuania
29:This article includes a
58:more precise citations.
473:1795 disestablishments
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338:Battle of Maciejowice
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320:Battle of Szczekociny
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346:partitions of Poland
153:Confederation of Bar
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340:of October 10, 1794
326:Battle of Krupczyce
314:Battle of Racławice
295:Kościuszko Uprising
286:Kościuszko Uprising
271:"towarzysz" Hussars
252:and sabre. In 1784
114:Aleksander Orłowski
452:Forum Barwa i broń
332:Battle of Terespol
308:Battle of Dubienka
302:Battle of Zieleńce
131:) was a branch of
129:Kawaleria narodowa
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31:list of references
434:Szymon Kobyliński
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50:Please help
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449:(in Polish)
440:(in Polish)
431:(in Polish)
425:(in Polish)
284:During the
56:introducing
462:Categories
454:na gery.pl
419:References
413:shabraque
384:szarawary
373:kontuszes
263:squadrons
230:companion
149:petyhorcy
64:July 2013
293:and the
259:division
234:retainer
214:brigades
198:Prussian
194:uniforms
145:pancerni
279:charges
250:carbine
246:pistols
232:–
226:banners
208:History
135:in the
52:improve
403:pennon
392:Kolpak
388:czapka
380:kurtka
362:hetman
173:uhlans
125:Polish
408:paint
396:giwer
261:into
242:sabre
238:lance
37:, or
371:and
369:caps
254:Sejm
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119:The
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