418:
150:. Along with other radical nationalist groups they were damaged by a constitutional change that now required 5% of the vote to gain seats in Parliament and they fell short of this total. Before the election attempts had been made to form an electoral bloc with other radical right-wing elements such as the
173:
Tsereteli was prominent in the Centre for
Georgia's Freedom and Independence, a group that advocated a boycott of the election, while also maintaining his leadership of the NIP. Also translated as the Georgian Centre for Democracy and Freedom, this was an electoral alliance of 25 opposition parties,
178:, the United Republican Party, and the Greens - supported a boycott of the election as they argued the early vote was unconstitutional. The NIP was still listed in existence as of 2002 while Tsereteli was still described as party leader in 2006 when he was arrested on charges of encouraging
157:
The party, and indeed their competitors on the hard-line nationalist scene, all faded in the mid 1990s as part of a wider de-radicalisation of
Georgian politics that saw attempts to build more normal relations with
941:
946:
403:
926:
916:
833:
381:
936:
678:
931:
412:
116:
On 30 September 1990 they took part in elections to the
Georgian National Congress, an unofficial body established by pro-independence groups who were boycotting
69:
124:. With 35.6% of the vote and 71 seats in the new body the NIP was the largest group within the body, although in practice the Congress had little real power.
135:
with
Tsereteli instigating a programme of public protests in June 1993 to force the then Chairman of Parliament to resign. The initiative was not a success.
895:
121:
854:
603:
396:
588:
154:, Charter 91, the remnants of the Ilia Chavchavadze Society and monarchist groups but these floundered due to political and personality clashes.
890:
880:
147:
117:
514:
389:
170:
828:
698:
459:
128:
242:
693:
262:
163:
862:
753:
552:
683:
668:
143:
74:
330:
300:
169:
The party did not contest any subsequent elections but continued as an extra-parliamentary opposition. In the run-up to the
921:
885:
688:
598:
489:
301:"GEORGIA: VETERAN GEORGIAN OPPOSITION FIGURE ASSAULTED.(National Independence Party of Georgia Chairman Irakli Tsereteli)"
64:
718:
733:
728:
613:
195:
49:
743:
504:
738:
673:
438:
331:"GEORGIA: TWELVE CANDIDATES QUALIFY FOR GEORGIAN PRESIDENTIAL POLL AS GEORGIAN OPPOSITION ALLIANCE ANNOUNCES BOYCOTT"
166:
as well as a desire to forge ever closer links to
European institutions as an alternative to nationalist isolation.
783:
658:
593:
562:
653:
509:
106:
663:
628:
567:
648:
484:
151:
623:
618:
557:
175:
139:
809:
778:
768:
519:
464:
454:
54:
763:
132:
773:
499:
239:
Georgia from
National Awakening to Rose Revolution: Delayed Transition in the Former Soviet Union
417:
258:
90:
758:
547:
494:
875:
748:
643:
179:
105:
The group was established in 1988 by Irakli
Tsereteli, a member of the pro-independence
638:
433:
110:
109:
as a focus for more radical members of that group. It took a strongly nationalist and
910:
633:
183:
572:
94:
31:
338:
308:
93:
political party. The party was an important force during the transition from the
838:
474:
97:
to independence but subsequently faded and its current status in unknown.
373:
479:
159:
542:
608:
385:
942:
Political parties in the
Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic
374:
Georgia: Former
Minister's Allies Accused Of Plotting Coup
127:
The party was strongly opposed to the country joining the
174:
855:
Communist Party of Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic
847:
821:
711:
581:
535:
528:
447:
426:
131:and in general took a strong line of opposition to
48:
40:
30:
21:
834:Georgian Socialist-Federalist Revolutionary Party
363:, Taylor & Francis, 2002, 3rd Edition, p. 192
679:Social Democrats for the Development of Georgia
219:Georgia: A Political History Since Independence
397:
253:Nohlen, D, Grotz, F & Hartmann, C (2001)
8:
947:Pro-independence parties in the Soviet Union
361:Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia 2003
255:Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume I
213:
211:
896:List of political parties in South Ossetia
532:
404:
390:
382:
233:
231:
229:
227:
18:
927:Nationalist parties in Georgia (country)
917:1988 establishments in Georgia (country)
207:
937:Political parties in Georgia (country)
724:National Independence Party of Georgia
87:National Independence Party of Georgia
24:National Independence Party of Georgia
932:Political parties established in 1988
891:List of political parties in Abkhazia
7:
604:Democratic Movement – United Georgia
434:Georgian Dream – Democratic Georgia
829:Social Democratic Party of Georgia
699:Unified Communist Party of Georgia
129:Commonwealth of Independent States
14:
694:Union of Georgian Traditionalists
536:Parties with local representation
416:
754:Intellectuals League of Georgia
553:Alliance of Patriots of Georgia
684:Solidarity Alliance of Georgia
669:New Communist Party of Georgia
337:. 2 March 2000. Archived from
307:. 5 April 2000. Archived from
221:, I.B. Tauris, 2015, pp. 38-39
16:Political party in Georgia
1:
599:Conservative Party of Georgia
589:Christian-Democratic Movement
734:Democratic Union for Revival
729:Union of Citizens of Georgia
413:Political parties in Georgia
196:Union of Citizens of Georgia
744:Movement for United Georgia
529:Extra-parliamentary parties
505:Republican Party of Georgia
138:They won four seats in the
963:
803:Socialist Party of Georgia
659:Industry Will Save Georgia
594:Communist Party of Georgia
171:2000 presidential election
881:List of political parties
871:
654:Ilia Chavchavadze Society
515:National Democratic Party
182:in his activities in the
107:Ilia Chavchavadze Society
60:
719:Round Table—Free Georgia
460:United National Movement
448:Parliamentary opposition
162:in the aftermath of the
806:United National Council
649:Greens Party of Georgia
485:Strategy Aghmashenebeli
427:Parliamentary majority
113:ideological position.
863:Conservative Movement
791:Merab Kostava Society
563:Girchi – More Freedom
558:Georgian Labour Party
176:Georgian Labour Party
152:Merab Kostava Society
144:1992 general election
140:Parliament of Georgia
922:Georgian nationalism
810:Alliance for Georgia
779:Burjanadze-Democrats
769:Development Movement
520:State for the People
465:Progress and Freedom
455:Strength Is in Unity
55:Georgian nationalism
886:Politics of Georgia
764:Rightist Opposition
490:European Socialists
359:Imogen Bell (ed.),
237:Jonathan Wheatley,
133:Eduard Shevardnadze
65:Politics of Georgia
774:The Way of Georgia
614:European Democrats
469:Victorious Georgia
335:Info-Prod Research
305:Info-Prod Research
241:, Routledge, 2017
904:
903:
707:
706:
148:three years later
83:
82:
70:Political parties
954:
784:Democratic Party
759:New Rights Party
548:European Georgia
533:
495:Lelo for Georgia
421:
420:
406:
399:
392:
383:
376:
370:
364:
357:
351:
350:
348:
346:
327:
321:
320:
318:
316:
297:
291:
284:
278:
271:
265:
251:
245:
235:
222:
215:
36:Irakli Tsereteli
19:
962:
961:
957:
956:
955:
953:
952:
951:
907:
906:
905:
900:
876:Portal:Politics
867:
843:
817:
794:11 October Bloc
703:
644:Georgian Troupe
577:
524:
510:Law and Justice
443:
422:
415:
410:
380:
379:
371:
367:
358:
354:
344:
342:
341:on 23 June 2018
329:
328:
324:
314:
312:
311:on 23 June 2018
299:
298:
294:
285:
281:
272:
268:
252:
248:
236:
225:
217:Stephen Jones,
216:
209:
204:
192:
180:Emzar Kvitsiani
164:War in Abkhazia
103:
79:
26:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
960:
958:
950:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
909:
908:
902:
901:
899:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
872:
869:
868:
866:
865:
860:
859:Centrist Party
857:
851:
849:
845:
844:
842:
841:
836:
831:
825:
823:
819:
818:
816:
815:
814:Georgian Party
812:
807:
804:
801:
798:
795:
792:
789:
786:
781:
776:
771:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
739:People's Front
736:
731:
726:
721:
715:
713:
709:
708:
705:
704:
702:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
674:People's Party
671:
666:
664:National Forum
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
639:Georgian March
636:
631:
629:Free Democrats
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
585:
583:
579:
578:
576:
575:
570:
568:For the People
565:
560:
555:
550:
545:
539:
537:
530:
526:
525:
523:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
492:
487:
482:
477:
472:
471:
470:
467:
462:
451:
449:
445:
444:
442:
441:
439:People's Power
436:
430:
428:
424:
423:
411:
409:
408:
401:
394:
386:
378:
377:
365:
352:
322:
292:
279:
266:
246:
223:
206:
205:
203:
200:
199:
198:
191:
188:
146:but lost them
122:Supreme Soviet
111:anti-communist
102:
99:
81:
80:
78:
77:
72:
67:
61:
58:
57:
52:
46:
45:
42:
38:
37:
34:
28:
27:
23:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
959:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
914:
912:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
873:
870:
864:
861:
858:
856:
853:
852:
850:
846:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
826:
824:
820:
813:
811:
808:
805:
802:
799:
796:
793:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
716:
714:
710:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
634:Georgian Idea
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
586:
584:
582:Unrepresented
580:
574:
571:
569:
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
540:
538:
534:
531:
527:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
468:
466:
463:
461:
458:
457:
456:
453:
452:
450:
446:
440:
437:
435:
432:
431:
429:
425:
419:
414:
407:
402:
400:
395:
393:
388:
387:
384:
375:
369:
366:
362:
356:
353:
340:
336:
332:
326:
323:
310:
306:
302:
296:
293:
290:, pp. 235-236
289:
283:
280:
276:
270:
267:
264:
263:0-19-924958-X
260:
256:
250:
247:
244:
240:
234:
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230:
228:
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220:
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208:
201:
197:
194:
193:
189:
187:
185:
184:Kodori Valley
181:
177:
172:
167:
165:
161:
155:
153:
149:
145:
141:
136:
134:
130:
125:
123:
119:
118:the elections
114:
112:
108:
100:
98:
96:
92:
88:
76:
73:
71:
68:
66:
63:
62:
59:
56:
53:
51:
47:
43:
39:
35:
33:
29:
20:
723:
573:Free Georgia
372:Liz Fuller,
368:
360:
355:
343:. Retrieved
339:the original
334:
325:
313:. Retrieved
309:the original
304:
295:
287:
282:
274:
269:
254:
249:
238:
218:
168:
156:
137:
126:
115:
104:
95:Soviet Union
86:
84:
839:Mesame Dasi
624:Federalists
475:For Georgia
89:(NIP) is a
911:Categories
822:Historical
797:Unity Bloc
202:References
800:Charta 91
75:Elections
500:Citizens
190:See also
91:Georgian
50:Ideology
712:Defunct
689:Freedom
288:Georgia
286:Jones,
277:, p. 89
275:Georgia
273:Jones,
257:, p382
142:at the
120:to the
101:History
41:Founded
848:Banned
480:Girchi
345:31 May
315:31 May
261:
160:Russia
32:Leader
788:Peace
749:Unity
543:Ahali
609:Droa
347:2017
317:2017
259:ISBN
243:link
85:The
44:1988
619:Eri
913::
333:.
303:.
226:^
210:^
186:.
405:e
398:t
391:v
349:.
319:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.