419:; and third, whether the National Government would continue for a long time and produce a single party of the centre. Usher argued that it was not possible to create a distinctive National Labour Party because any distinctive policy would threaten the unity of the National Government coalition. He also contended that MacDonald could not return to the Labour Party, which harboured extreme bitterness about the manner in which the National Government was formed. Usher concluded that the public favoured a large centrist party, but that existing political organisations would not permit it.
489:, a seat that Labour had held at every election except 1931. De La Warr expressed to Stonehaven the hope that the local Conservatives would accept a National Labour candidate, but Stonehaven wrote back that the suggestion amazed him. He had tried, but the Wednesbury Conservative Association were obdurate in refusing to have a National Labour candidate, which would mean handing over their organisation and funding the campaign. MacDonald may have considered resigning, but he decided only to refuse to send a message of support to the Conservative, who ended up
719:. The other former National Labour MPs adopted were redesignated to run as National Parliamentary candidates. The organisation issued a closing statement that praised the Labour Party for joining the Coalition in 1940 and condemned it for breaking up the Coalition immediately after victory in Europe. It called "all men and women of progressive outlook" to vote to re-elect the Churchill government. In recording the dissolution, the "Election Diary" in
752:. In September 1946, it urged progressive members of the Conservative Party to discard their name and join with the Liberal Party under another name; the editorial believed "the struggle for the future will be for individual rights against the omnipotent State, democracy against despotism". The last edition of the
289:
in
October 1931 left MacDonald and the other Labour supporters with the difficult job of organising their own re-elections without any form of organisation. Preparations had been started on 19 September and by early October National Labour supporters had a list of 34 seats which they wanted to fight:
359:
found himself opposed (and eventually beaten) by a
Conservative. By 14 October, with the close of nominations imminent, persistent Conservative associations and candidates had forced National Labour candidates to withdraw in four constituencies and there were only 25 candidates confirmed, 10 of whom
561:
In April 1935, a volume of essays by five leading
National Labour politicians was published under the title "Towards a National Policy: being a National Labour Contribution". MacDonald contributed a preface in which he argued that the Labour opposition "is as little guided by Socialist opinion and
414:
In
December, MacDonald's private secretary Herbert Usher wrote a long memorandum asking key questions about what type of ongoing organisation was needed. Usher stated that MacDonald needed to answer three crucial questions: first, whether he wanted to form a new party; second, whether he envisaged
553:
regarded
National Labour's significance as being "a central point around which people who desired political agreement could cohere". He noted that National Labour could attract to collectivist socialism, some who were put off by the resolutely working-class character of the Labour Party and cited
528:
While
National Labour could not advocate any policy in opposition to the National Government, its members gave policy suggestions and argued in support of government policy. A pamphlet, called "On the Home Front" and published in April 1934, outlined the National Labour argument in support of the
342:
Negotiations with
Conservative Central Office began after a meeting on 25 September, when the Conservatives had reassured MacDonald that it would not be difficult to come to agreement. Frank Markham then drafted a list of 35 constituencies in which National Labour wanted to stand for election and
633:
On 18 October 1937, Ramsay MacDonald officially opened the new headquarters of the
National Labour Organisation at 57 Tufton Street. A month later, MacDonald was dead; the National Labour Organisation continued, although it postponed its conference until March 1938. When the conference happened,
541:
organisation of industry" and therefore showed what the government "owes to the traditional doctrines of not one, but all, Parties in the State". The pamphlet asserted that returning to the old party system would mean weak government and that it was weak government that had led other
European
456:
had been second only to MacDonald in becoming a prominent Labour member of the
National Government, remained nominally one of the National Labour cabinet members after the election, having received a Peerage. However, Snowden rejected an invitation from Clifford Allen to write for the
607:
argued that Labour supporters of the National Government were hidden "thanks to the trade union 'terror'" and that the party ought to appeal for the votes of all socialists and trade unionists opposed to being herded into the political wilderness. When Ramsay MacDonald's son,
642:
commending the party for striking "deeper roots than a group formed around a particular personality". Malcolm MacDonald took the leadership of the group in Parliament and National Labour members retained office—the party issued a declaration of support for
690:). The outbreak of war, delaying the election, forced the group to reconsider. In February 1940, it was announced that the party would not be holding an annual conference that year and had suspended publication of "News Letter". In February 1942,
566:
as any other political party of pure expediency striving for a majority". Lord Elton argued that trade unions should not affiliate to the Labour Party because they could achieve more by bargaining for support when not tied to one political party.
394:
complained back to MacDonald about his promotion of "unknown candidates introduced at the very last moment by yourself" competing against Conservatives who had promised him their support, which risked handing the seats to the opposition.
519:
would run in conjunction with one Municipal Reform candidate in the election. In the event, Michael Franklin of National Labour and Fordham Flower of Municipal Reform stood as National Municipal candidates, but they failed to win seats.
710:
A special conference of the National Labour Organisation on 14 June 1945 decided to dissolve the party. Malcolm Macdonald chose not to defend his seat and retired from front-line politics though was later appointed as
666:("for bringing about constructive schemes of world appeasement, economic as well as political"), the national planning of our economic life, preservation of the countryside and the improvement of social services. When
290:
14 out of 15 sitting National Labour MPs wished to fight for re-election and a further ten candidates were ready to stand in other seats. The group thought that a further ten candidates could easily be found.
670:
in March 1939, an editorial called for "a Government of national concentration" which would have to include "the trusted leaders of the trade unions and the Opposition parties". A Parliamentary motion from
620:
standing as a Conservative and arguing that 'National Labour' was a "sham device" with no real support. After learning of his son's success, Ramsay MacDonald corrected a correspondent who had referred to
686:
In the run-up to an expected general election in autumn 1939, several National Labour candidates were adopted and the party attracted some high-profile figures to defect to it (including former MP
485:
stood down. Unexpectedly, Holford Knight refused to comply and MacDonald was angry not with him, but the Conservatives for not offering a seat that they held. In July 1932, a by-election arose in
242:
Ramsay MacDonald. National Labour sponsored parliamentary candidates, but did not consider itself a political party as it had no policy distinctive from that of the government which it supported.
1050:
1023:
741:
496:
In its publicity, National Labour was concerned to stress that although Parliament was heavily dominated by the Conservatives, the cabinet was much more evenly balanced between the parties.
461:, replying scathingly and declaring that "I really do not understand this National Labour Party". When Snowden resigned from the government in opposition to the protectionist outcome of the
372:
712:
1603:
563:
434:
was "intended to be a means of contact between Labour supporters of the National Government", but also "begs the attention of public opinion", The editorship was later taken by
318:. National Labour had collected £20,000 in total for election expenses. At the start of the election, MacDonald denied Labour Party claims that the funds had come from the
2481:
348:
802:
The only former National Labour politician to return to government besides Jowitt was Earl De La Warr in 1951. He was appointed by Prime Minister Winston Churchill as
694:
resigned from the Parliamentary Party, stating that he wanted to oppose the involvement of party political considerations in wartime. In May 1943, he was followed by
1825:
1578:
1071:
195:
625:
defeat" by asserting, "Labour was victorious, and a queer mixture which had neither principle nor political policy, now known as Opposition Labour, was defeated".
2476:
1832:
1764:
1551:
352:
1628:
1168:
474:
351:, which were marginal former Conservative seats that had only narrowly gone to Labour in 1929. Local Conservatives refused to withdraw their candidates, and in
344:
667:
1886:
966:
2471:
1463:
1225:
427:
402:. Three more candidates withdrew before polling day. The general organisation of National Labour during the election was run by Benjamin Musgrave. In the
1859:
1404:
1372:
1957:
998:
937:
443:
371:
and the Conservatives could not find a local association willing to accept him. Jowitt subsequently stood and lost as a National Labour candidate for
803:
1918:
1311:
788:
768:
737:
486:
331:
311:
1492:
1257:
903:
32:
2461:
2027:
1681:
1282:
1193:
1143:
1739:
861:
853:
796:
784:
772:
729:
588:
449:
403:
368:
286:
267:
246:
239:
220:
2179:
Alan Willis and John Woollard, "Twentieth Century Local Election Results" vol 1, Local Government Chronicle Elections Centre, 2000, p. 30.
576:
1798:
508:
391:
1785:
1084:
930:
613:
462:
2466:
1436:
1317:
780:
399:
303:
500:
307:
28:
1028:
364:
327:
245:
After Ramsay MacDonald's death, the group continued in existence under his son Malcolm until it was wound up on the eve of the
200:
1385:
1199:
760:
435:
190:
27:
This article is about the political party that existed from 1931 to 1945. For the party that existed in the late 1950s, see
814:
The candidates sponsored by the National Labour Committee and the subsequent National Labour Organisation were as follows.
698:
reducing the Parliamentary group to only five in number. Earl De La Warr resigned in August 1943, succeeded as chairman by
2208:
1634:
584:
482:
363:
MacDonald himself tried to intervene and on the day after the election was announced complained that Attorney-General Sir
150:
1952:
1350:
792:
687:
490:
453:
299:
1538:
1441:
776:
728:
The five remaining National Labour MPs were rebadged as 'National' candidates and were defeated in the subsequent
1729:
473:
After the election, MacDonald persisted in trying to find a seat for Jowitt. All that Stonehaven would offer was
275:
972:
478:
343:
wanted the Conservatives to support them. However, the Conservatives objected to many of the entries such as
1231:
1116:
942:
319:
1130:
959:
733:
504:
512:
279:
167:
1892:
644:
530:
398:
Of the 20 candidates actually nominated, six faced a rival Conservative candidate and one a rival
274:, he and his supporters were expelled from the party. He also received no support from any of the
1556:
1524:
1498:
1090:
617:
356:
162:
2206:
Arthur Marwick, "Middle Opinion in the Thirties: Planning, Progress and Political 'Agreement'",
2079:
Andrew Thorpe, "The British General Election of 1931", Oxford University Press, 1991, pp. 172–4.
2023:
1770:
1714:
1687:
909:
716:
691:
676:
663:
622:
609:
416:
271:
232:
224:
125:
76:
2054:
Andrew Thorpe, "The British General Election of 1931", Oxford University Press, 1991, p. 117.
2042:
Andrew Thorpe, "The British General Election of 1931", Oxford University Press, 1991, p. 104.
658:
for 1939, a declaration from National Labour was printed and it pledged support for a united
2015:
1864:
1804:
1056:
679:
calling for a National government "on the widest possible basis" was given support from the
648:
263:
228:
155:
71:
591:, the party sponsored 20 candidates, eight of whom were elected. A notable new recruit was
1923:
1837:
1469:
1341:
749:
695:
592:
580:
555:
538:
516:
384:
380:
17:
442:
from MacDonald. In September 1932, William Spofforth (formerly the Labour Party agent in
806:. It was a ministerial appointment but outside the Cabinet. De La Warr retired in 1955.
759:
Subsequently, Harold Nicolson joined the Labour Party and stood as its candidate in the
2265:
2115:
1410:
699:
659:
600:
550:
376:
315:
2455:
2009:
1658:
1377:
1288:
764:
596:
323:
270:
with the Conservative and Liberal parties to implement spending cuts rejected by the
767:
joined the Conservatives and returned to the House of Commons in 1951 as the MP for
725:
considered the surprising thing to be that it took place in a year as late as 1945.
334:
set up a National Labour Committee to run the election. De La Warr became chairman.
721:
672:
543:
298:
MacDonald was adamant that National Labour should be separate and not connected to
63:
2157:"On the Home Front", issued by the National Labour Committee, April 1934, p. 5.
2019:
422:
Early in 1932 a constitution and organisation was established and the monthly
2148:
Tom Stannage, "Baldwin Thwarts the Opposition", Croom Helm, 1980, pp. 34–36.
2088:
Tom Stannage, "Baldwin Thwarts the Opposition", Croom Helm, 1980, pp. 17–18.
639:
533:
followed by the government had "the characteristic Conservative policy of a
481:
might be persuaded to support Jowitt if the sitting National Labour member
465:
in September 1932, he declared that he no longer had any party allegiance.
430:. An editorial in the first edition written by Allen emphasised that the
549:
Looking back on the politics of the 1930s in a 1964 article, Professor
511:. The Parliamentary constituency had a National Labour MP, but the two
439:
779:(the son of Jimmy Thomas) had stood as a National Labour candidate in
534:
2139:
Colin Cross, "Philip Snowden", Barrie and Rockliff, 1966, p. 329-30.
180:
732:. Former National Labour MP Kenneth Lindsay was re-elected as an
2212:
vol 79 no 311 (April 1964), Oxford University Press, pp. 289–90.
787:. In 1953, he was elected as a Conservative Party candidate for
2197:"On the Home Front", National Labour Committee, 1934, p. 18-19.
2188:"On the Home Front", National Labour Committee, 1934, p. 17-18.
2230:
Towards a National Policy", Longmans & Co., 1935, p. 27-8.
2221:"Towards a National Policy", Longmans & Co., 1935, p. xii.
823:
Those listed in bold were successful in at least one election.
1733:
529:
National Government's domestic policy—it argued that the
375:. He later rejoined the Labour Party and would end up in
1990:
1988:
1986:
2331:, vol. 2 (new series) no. 23 (14 January 1939), p. vi.
595:, a former diplomat and an ex-political associate of
249:; its newsletter ceased publication two years later.
2118:, "Ramsay MacDonald", Jonathan Cape, 1977, p. 675-6.
575:MacDonald remained Prime Minister as the head of a
515:seats were held by Labour and the pact agreed that
173:
161:
149:
139:
131:
121:
103:
85:
62:
54:
45:
2268:, "Ramsay MacDonald", Jonathan Cape, 1977, p. 782.
2014:. London: Macmillan Education UK. pp. 76–77.
748:continued, with an editorial line critical of the
2075:
2073:
2050:
2048:
840: Seat held (seat held by sitting MP in 1931)
2098:
2096:
2094:
2166:"Anti-Socialist Alliance For L.C.C. Election",
499:In 1933, a local electoral pact was agreed in
2364:"Cdr. King-Hall to sit as Independent M.P.",
1900:
1897:
1812:
1809:
1792:
1789:
1704:
1701:
1695:
1692:
1672:
1669:
1642:
1639:
1515:
1512:
1506:
1503:
1483:
1480:
1427:
1424:
1418:
1415:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1325:
1322:
1296:
1293:
1239:
1236:
1207:
1204:
1107:
1104:
1098:
1095:
1078:
1075:
989:
986:
980:
977:
917:
914:
8:
2433:, vol. 9 no. 5 (September 1946), pp. 133–4.
775:. Markham retired from parliament in 1964.
668:Germany invaded the whole of Czechoslovakia
426:set up for supporters which was edited by
278:or major trade unions affiliated with the
219:, was formed in 1931 by supporters of the
42:
1958:Category:National Labour (UK) politicians
562:inspired by the fine human spirit of our
406:13 were returned as National Labour MPs.
40:Political party in the United Kingdom
2482:Political parties disestablished in 1945
1939:
1930:
1927:
1912:
1903:
1880:
1871:
1868:
1853:
1844:
1841:
1826:Elected for Combined Scottish University
1824:
1815:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1725:
1722:
1719:
1707:
1698:
1675:
1666:
1663:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1597:
1588:
1585:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1518:
1509:
1486:
1477:
1474:
1457:
1448:
1445:
1430:
1421:
1398:
1395:
1381:
1366:
1346:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1251:
1242:
1219:
1210:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1162:
1153:
1150:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1110:
1101:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1017:
1014:
1011:
992:
983:
958:
949:
946:
929:
920:
843:
2355:, vol. 3, no. 29 (8 April 1939), p. 58.
2343:, vol. 3 no. 28 (25 March 1939), p. 30.
2315:"National Labour and Mr. Chamberlain",
1969:
603:. Immediately after the election, the
2477:Political parties established in 1931
2011:A History of the British Labour Party
616:of 1936, he found himself opposed by
579:until June 1935, when he gave way to
306:seems to have been declined, but Sir
7:
2403:"National Labour and the Election",
2277:"New National Labour Headquarters",
2130:, vol. 1 no. 1 (2 April 1932), p. 8.
1978:The British General Election of 1931
404:1931 United Kingdom general election
302:. An offer of £100,000 funding from
509:1934 London County Council election
2472:Labour Party (UK) breakaway groups
1980:. Oxford University Press. p. 104.
438:and both Allen and Elton received
238:The most prominent member was the
31:. For other uses of the name, see
25:
2390:"Lord De La Warr's Resignation",
2377:"Mr. K. Lindsay as Independent",
736:after moving constituencies from
537:" as well as "the characteristic
223:in Britain who had come from the
503:between National Labour and the
469:Relations with the Conservatives
29:National Labour Party (UK, 1957)
1784:
1728:
1349:
1070:
328:Parliamentary Private Secretary
2252:"Ross Candidates' Addresses",
1051:Combined Scottish Universities
1003:Michael Arthur Ernest Franklin
761:1948 Croydon North by-election
446:) was appointed as secretary.
285:The sudden decision to call a
191:Politics of the United Kingdom
1:
2209:The English Historical Review
1635:George Wilfred Holford Knight
1608:William Henry Dashwood Caple
1024:Combined English Universities
931:Elected for Ross and Cromarty
742:Combined English Universities
614:Ross and Cromarty by-election
585:Lord President of the Council
483:George Wilfrid Holford Knight
373:Combined English Universities
360:had Conservative opposition.
355:, sitting National Labour MP
2462:National Labour Organisation
654:In the first edition of the
410:Creation of the organisation
390:Conservative Party chairman
213:National Labour Organisation
48:National Labour Organisation
2106:, 14 September 1932, p. 10.
2063:"No Funds from Unionists",
1953:List of National Labour MPs
1936:
1933:
1909:
1906:
1877:
1874:
1850:
1847:
1821:
1818:
1749:
1746:
1613:
1610:
1604:Newcastle upon Tyne Central
1594:
1591:
1563:
1560:
1545:
1542:
1454:
1451:
1392:
1389:
1267:
1264:
1248:
1245:
1216:
1213:
1178:
1175:
1159:
1156:
1137:
1134:
1035:
1032:
1008:
1005:
955:
952:
926:
923:
756:was dated April–July 1947.
454:Chancellor of the Exchequer
300:Conservative Central Office
276:Constituency Labour Parties
91:; 93 years ago
2498:
2293:, 20 December 1937, p. 14.
2243:, 22 November 1935, p. 14.
750:post-war Labour government
713:High Commissioner to India
330:) and the junior minister
26:
18:National Labour Party (UK)
2368:, 24 February 1942, p. 2.
2281:, 19 October 1937, p. 18.
2239:"Election of a Speaker",
2102:"National Labour Party",
2067:, 14 October 1931, p. 12.
2020:10.1007/978-1-349-25305-0
1680:
1627:
1583:William Arthur Spofforth
1525:George Beresford Craddock
1491:
1310:
1083:
865:
860:
857:
852:
849:
846:
491:losing the seat to Labour
186:
2467:1931 in British politics
2319:, 4 October 1938, p. 16.
2256:, 3 February 1936, p. 9.
2170:, 19 January 1933, p. 9.
1998:. Jonathan Cape. p. 675.
1994:Marquand, David (1977).
1200:George Masterman Gillett
973:Ernest Nathaniel Bennett
683:in the following issue.
479:Conservative Association
294:Finance and organisation
231:(1931–1937) and his son
2394:, 20 August 1943, p. 4.
2306:, 19 March 1938, p. 13.
2008:Thorpe, Andrew (1997).
1976:Thorpe, Andrew (1991).
1318:Craigie Mason Aitchison
1232:John Vigers Worthington
1117:Archibald George Church
943:Archibald George Church
795:until he stood down in
367:had been forced out of
215:, also known simply as
163:Political position
2429:"A Democratic Party",
1342:Kenneth Martin Lindsay
505:Municipal Reform Party
109:; 79 years ago
2420:, 17 June 1945, p. 5.
2407:, 15 June 1945, p. 8.
785:1935 general election
773:1951 general election
763:, which he lost. Sir
730:1945 General Election
589:1935 general election
571:1935 general election
513:London County Council
280:Trades Union Congress
262:After Prime Minister
258:1931 general election
247:1945 general election
33:National Labour Party
2381:, 29 May 1943, p. 2.
1744:Ernest James Titler
1029:William Allen Jowitt
599:when he created the
577:coalition government
558:as a case in point.
524:Policy and publicity
385:Lord High Chancellor
381:1945–1951 government
349:Birmingham Erdington
314:gave £2,000 through
2302:"National Labour",
1893:Francis Noel Palmer
645:Neville Chamberlain
583:and became instead
531:agricultural policy
312:Duke of Westminster
268:National Government
227:. Its leaders were
221:National Government
2416:"Election Diary",
1579:Middlesbrough West
1557:Derwent Hall Caine
1499:James Lovat-Fraser
1289:Abraham John Flint
1091:James Henry Thomas
1072:27–31 January 1936
804:Postmaster General
638:greeted it with a
618:Randolph Churchill
507:in advance of the
357:Derwent Hall Caine
320:Conservative Party
310:gave £250 and the
2445:, vol. 10, no. 2.
2029:978-0-333-56081-5
1944:
1943:
1833:Southwark Central
1771:Malcolm MacDonald
1765:Ross and Cromarty
1715:Stephen King-Hall
1688:Sam Tom Rosbotham
1552:Liverpool Everton
910:Malcolm MacDonald
834: Seat gained
717:Governor of Kenya
692:Stephen King-Hall
677:Winston Churchill
664:League of Nations
564:British Socialism
463:Ottawa Conference
415:returning to the
353:Liverpool Everton
233:Malcolm MacDonald
209:
208:
196:Political parties
107:14 June 1945
77:Malcolm MacDonald
16:(Redirected from
2489:
2446:
2440:
2434:
2427:
2421:
2414:
2408:
2401:
2395:
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2382:
2375:
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2313:
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2288:
2282:
2275:
2269:
2263:
2257:
2250:
2244:
2237:
2231:
2228:
2222:
2219:
2213:
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2186:
2180:
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2158:
2155:
2149:
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2131:
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2119:
2113:
2107:
2100:
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2080:
2077:
2068:
2061:
2055:
2052:
2043:
2040:
2034:
2033:
2005:
1999:
1996:Ramsay MacDonald
1992:
1981:
1974:
1865:Frederick Burden
1805:Ramsay MacDonald
1786:10 February 1936
1629:Nottingham South
1169:Essex South East
1057:Ramsay MacDonald
844:
841:
839:
835:
833:
649:Munich Agreement
475:Nottingham South
400:Liberal National
345:Kensington North
304:Lord Beaverbrook
287:general election
264:Ramsay MacDonald
229:Ramsay MacDonald
179:
156:Social democracy
117:
115:
110:
99:
97:
92:
72:Ramsay MacDonald
43:
21:
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2496:
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2314:
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2301:
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2196:
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2178:
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2147:
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2110:
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2092:
2087:
2083:
2078:
2071:
2062:
2058:
2053:
2046:
2041:
2037:
2030:
2007:
2006:
2002:
1993:
1984:
1975:
1971:
1966:
1949:
1924:Herbert Dunnico
1887:Tottenham South
1838:Ernest Stanford
1730:27 October 1939
1470:Harold Nicolson
1386:23 October 1934
1351:2 November 1933
967:Cardiff Central
960:Contested Derby
837:
836:
831:
830:
812:
708:
696:Kenneth Lindsay
631:
593:Harold Nicolson
581:Stanley Baldwin
573:
556:Harold Nicolson
539:Socialist State
526:
517:Kenneth Lindsay
471:
412:
392:Lord Stonehaven
340:
332:Earl De La Warr
308:Alexander Grant
296:
260:
255:
217:National Labour
205:
177:
135:London, England
122:Split from
113:
111:
108:
95:
93:
90:
81:
50:
49:
41:
36:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2495:
2493:
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2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
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2435:
2422:
2409:
2396:
2383:
2370:
2357:
2345:
2333:
2321:
2308:
2295:
2283:
2270:
2266:David Marquand
2258:
2245:
2232:
2223:
2214:
2199:
2190:
2181:
2172:
2159:
2150:
2141:
2132:
2120:
2116:David Marquand
2108:
2090:
2081:
2069:
2056:
2044:
2035:
2028:
2000:
1982:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1960:
1955:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1921:
1915:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1889:
1883:
1882:
1879:
1876:
1873:
1870:
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1862:
1856:
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1505:
1502:
1495:
1489:
1488:
1485:
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1479:
1476:
1473:
1466:
1464:Leicester West
1460:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1439:
1433:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
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1417:
1414:
1411:Richard Denman
1407:
1401:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1383:
1380:
1375:
1369:
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1226:Forest of Dean
1222:
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1189:
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1128:
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1016:
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985:
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890:
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868:
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864:
859:
856:
851:
848:
828:
827:
824:
820:
819:
811:
808:
707:
704:
700:Richard Denman
688:Michael Marcus
660:British Empire
630:
627:
572:
569:
551:Arthur Marwick
525:
522:
470:
467:
450:Philip Snowden
428:Clifford Allen
411:
408:
377:Clement Attlee
365:William Jowitt
339:
336:
316:Maundy Gregory
295:
292:
259:
256:
254:
251:
240:Prime Minister
207:
206:
204:
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137:
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133:
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123:
119:
118:
105:
101:
100:
87:
83:
82:
80:
79:
74:
68:
66:
60:
59:
56:
52:
51:
47:
46:
39:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2494:
2483:
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2465:
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2406:
2400:
2397:
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2299:
2296:
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2262:
2259:
2255:
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2236:
2233:
2227:
2224:
2218:
2215:
2211:
2210:
2203:
2200:
2194:
2191:
2185:
2182:
2176:
2173:
2169:
2163:
2160:
2154:
2151:
2145:
2142:
2136:
2133:
2129:
2124:
2121:
2117:
2112:
2109:
2105:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2091:
2085:
2082:
2076:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2060:
2057:
2051:
2049:
2045:
2039:
2036:
2031:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2012:
2004:
2001:
1997:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1973:
1970:
1963:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1946:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1916:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1884:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1860:South Shields
1858:
1857:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1827:
1807:
1806:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1796:
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1773:
1772:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1731:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1711:
1690:
1689:
1685:
1683:
1679:
1661:
1660:
1659:Frank Markham
1656:
1655:
1637:
1636:
1632:
1630:
1626:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1601:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1576:
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1550:
1549:
1540:
1537:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1501:
1500:
1496:
1494:
1490:
1472:
1471:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1461:
1443:
1442:Leslie Thomas
1440:
1438:
1435:
1434:
1413:
1412:
1408:
1406:
1405:Leeds Central
1403:
1402:
1387:
1384:
1379:
1378:Frank Markham
1376:
1374:
1373:Lambeth North
1371:
1370:
1352:
1344:
1343:
1339:
1338:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1313:
1309:
1291:
1290:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1262:John Fennell
1261:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1234:
1233:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1202:
1201:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1173:Felix Greene
1172:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1148:John Fennell
1147:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1132:
1129:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1093:
1092:
1088:
1086:
1082:
1073:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1002:
1000:
997:
996:
975:
974:
970:
968:
965:
964:
961:
944:
941:
939:
936:
935:
932:
912:
911:
907:
905:
902:
901:
897:
894:
891:
888:
885:
882:
879:
876:
873:
870:
869:
866:By-elections
863:
858:By-elections
855:
847:Constituency
845:
842:
825:
822:
821:
817:
816:
815:
809:
807:
805:
800:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
777:Leslie Thomas
774:
770:
766:
765:Frank Markham
762:
757:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
726:
724:
723:
718:
714:
705:
703:
701:
697:
693:
689:
684:
682:
678:
674:
669:
665:
661:
657:
652:
650:
646:
641:
637:
628:
626:
624:
619:
615:
612:, fought the
611:
606:
602:
598:
597:Oswald Mosley
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
570:
568:
565:
559:
557:
552:
547:
545:
542:countries to
540:
536:
532:
523:
521:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
497:
494:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
468:
466:
464:
460:
455:
451:
447:
445:
441:
437:
436:Godfrey Elton
433:
429:
425:
420:
418:
409:
407:
405:
401:
396:
393:
388:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
361:
358:
354:
350:
346:
337:
335:
333:
329:
326:(MacDonald's
325:
324:Frank Markham
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
293:
291:
288:
283:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
257:
252:
250:
248:
243:
241:
236:
235:(1937–1945).
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
202:
199:
197:
194:
192:
189:
188:
185:
182:
176:
172:
169:
166:
164:
160:
157:
154:
152:
148:
145:
142:
138:
134:
130:
127:
124:
120:
106:
102:
88:
84:
78:
75:
73:
70:
69:
67:
65:
61:
57:
53:
44:
38:
34:
30:
19:
2442:
2438:
2430:
2425:
2418:The Observer
2417:
2412:
2404:
2399:
2391:
2386:
2378:
2373:
2365:
2360:
2352:
2348:
2340:
2336:
2328:
2324:
2316:
2311:
2303:
2298:
2290:
2286:
2278:
2273:
2261:
2253:
2248:
2240:
2235:
2226:
2217:
2207:
2202:
2193:
2184:
2175:
2167:
2162:
2153:
2144:
2135:
2127:
2123:
2111:
2103:
2084:
2064:
2059:
2038:
2010:
2003:
1995:
1977:
1972:
1891:
1803:
1769:
1713:
1686:
1657:
1633:
1497:
1468:
1409:
1340:
1316:
1287:
1230:
1198:
1089:
1055:
999:Colne Valley
971:
938:Bristol East
908:
829:
813:
801:
758:
753:
745:
727:
722:The Observer
720:
709:
685:
680:
673:Anthony Eden
655:
653:
635:
632:
604:
574:
560:
548:
544:dictatorship
527:
498:
495:
477:, where the
472:
458:
448:
444:Westhoughton
431:
423:
421:
417:Labour Party
413:
397:
389:
362:
341:
297:
284:
272:Labour Party
261:
244:
237:
225:Labour Party
216:
212:
210:
143:
132:Headquarters
126:Labour Party
55:Abbreviation
37:
2443:News-Letter
2431:News-Letter
2353:News-Letter
2341:News-Letter
2329:News-Letter
2128:News-Letter
1131:9 July 1936
826:Colour key:
810:Candidacies
793:by-election
754:News-Letter
746:News-Letter
734:independent
706:Dissolution
681:News-Letter
662:, a strong
656:News-Letter
629:Later years
605:News-Letter
459:News-Letter
432:News-Letter
424:News-Letter
168:Centre-left
144:News-Letter
2456:Categories
1964:References
1919:Wednesbury
1734:Unopposed
1539:5 May 1938
1312:Kilmarnock
850:Candidate
789:Canterbury
769:Buckingham
738:Kilmarnock
487:Wednesbury
338:Candidates
114:1945-06-14
2405:The Times
2392:The Times
2379:The Times
2366:The Times
2317:The Times
2304:The Times
2291:The Times
2279:The Times
2254:The Times
2241:The Times
2168:The Times
2104:The Times
2065:The Times
1493:Lichfield
1258:Gateshead
904:Bassetlaw
647:over the
636:The Times
601:New Party
587:. At the
452:, who as
266:formed a
201:Elections
140:Newspaper
104:Dissolved
1947:See also
1682:Ormskirk
1283:Ilkeston
1194:Finsbury
1144:Dewsbury
623:Labour's
501:Finsbury
493:anyway.
440:peerages
151:Ideology
1740:Peckham
783:in the
771:at the
610:Malcolm
369:Preston
253:History
174:Colours
112: (
94: (
86:Founded
2026:
1934:19,883
1907:15,834
1898:17,824
1875:10,784
1819:17,882
1810:28,978
1799:Seaham
1702:27,624
1693:30,368
1670:15,559
1640:22,852
1592:11,387
1543:22,760
1513:23,489
1504:26,669
1481:15,821
1452:17,419
1425:17,747
1416:26,496
1361:19,115
1355:12,577
1323:21,803
1294:17,587
1246:12,337
1237:14,815
1214:10,600
1205:17,292
1135:25,666
1105:37,566
1096:39,688
1076:16,393
987:16,954
978:24,120
953:15,126
924:20,764
915:27,136
838:
832:
818:Legend
744:. The
640:leader
535:tariff
178:
64:Leader
1937:46.7
1910:41.5
1901:58.6
1878:23.6
1851:46.7
1848:9,735
1822:31.8
1813:55.0
1793:49.5
1790:8,949
1747:1,442
1705:58.5
1696:75.0
1673:52.3
1643:68.3
1595:30.1
1564:19.9
1561:4,950
1546:49.1
1516:53.8
1507:62.8
1484:43.7
1455:42.6
1428:56.4
1419:71.4
1393:15.0
1390:2,927
1364:50.9
1358:34.8
1326:59.6
1297:50.0
1249:42.4
1240:52.7
1217:44.2
1208:63.1
1179:11.5
1176:6,539
1160:29.5
1157:8,798
1138:47.5
1108:30.1
1099:35.4
1085:Derby
1079:56.5
1036:20.1
1033:2,759
990:51.6
981:69.2
956:40.7
927:48.7
918:66.6
895:Votes
886:Votes
880:Votes
871:Votes
791:in a
181:Green
2024:ISBN
1750:4.3
1614:0.3
1437:Leek
1268:0.3
1009:0.5
892:Date
877:Date
862:1935
854:1931
797:1966
781:Leek
715:and
675:and
347:and
211:The
96:1931
89:1931
2016:doi
1265:187
1006:202
740:to
383:as
379:'s
58:NLO
2458::
2093:^
2072:^
2047:^
2022:.
1985:^
1940:—
1931:—
1928:—
1913:—
1904:—
1881:—
1872:—
1869:—
1854:—
1845:—
1842:—
1816:—
1782:—
1779:—
1776:—
1759:—
1756:—
1753:—
1726:—
1723:—
1720:—
1708:—
1699:—
1676:—
1667:—
1664:—
1652:—
1649:—
1646:—
1623:—
1620:—
1617:—
1611:94
1598:—
1589:—
1586:—
1573:—
1570:—
1567:—
1535:—
1532:—
1529:—
1519:—
1510:—
1487:—
1478:—
1475:—
1458:—
1449:—
1446:—
1431:—
1422:—
1399:—
1396:—
1382:—
1367:—
1347:—
1335:—
1332:—
1329:—
1306:—
1303:—
1300:—
1277:—
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1271:—
1252:—
1243:—
1220:—
1211:—
1188:—
1185:—
1182:—
1163:—
1154:—
1151:—
1127:—
1124:—
1121:—
1111:—
1102:—
1068:—
1065:—
1062:—
1045:—
1042:—
1039:—
1018:—
1015:—
1012:—
993:—
984:—
950:—
947:—
921:—
898:%
799:.
702:.
651:.
546:.
387:.
322:.
282:.
2032:.
2018::
889:%
883:%
874:%
621:"
116:)
98:)
35:.
20:)
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