424:
226:
49:
970:
613:, bacteriology, pathology, chemical pathology, the Government Analyst laboratories, and the medical entomology sections of the Ministry of Health. Each department within the NPHL contributes, to varying degrees, to research addressing medical issues associated with endemic diseases in Sudan. Additionally, it houses the Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology along with the Department of Pathology from the
593:, intending to elevate it to the status of the National Public Health Laboratory. The shift was necessary because the NPHL in Khartoum had been non-operational since April 2023 due to the conflict. The laboratory's vital functions are crucial, especially during the rainy season, when the increased risk of floods and disease outbreaks demands enhanced public health emergency preparedness and response capabilities.
540:, Ahmed Othman Hamza, made a visit to the NPHL and asked for the facilities to be protected and secured. He stopped short from condemning the attach and called the attackers as a small faction that does not be represent all regular forces. Abdel Baqi revealed that investigations will clarify those responsible for this action, so that they will be held accountable as a matter of urgency.
233:
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1655:
1929:
2143:
489:
Plans to expand and reorganise the Stack
Medical Research Laboratories started in the 1960s with construction starting in 1964. The National Public Health Laboratories commenced operations in April 1969. Situated adjacent to the old Stack Medical Research Laboratories buildings, the new five-story
377:
The laboratory initially housed the bacteriological unit of the
Wellcome Tropical Research Laboratories, later becoming an essential part of the Sudan Medical Service by 1 April 1935, with Eric S. Horgan serving as assistant director of Research. The laboratory was part of the Wellcome Chemical
1959:
40:
1556:
1647:
1622:
582:, respectively. The WHO representative in Sudan expressed concerns about significant biological risks linked to this situation. Furthermore, the WHO highlighted the risk of power outages compromising the containment of biological materials and the storage of blood products.
485:
In 1968, Satti was replaced by
Mahmoud Abdel Rahman Ziada, who engaged in research and standard procedures at the laboratory until their relocation to the newly constructed facilities named The National Health Laboratory in April 1969. Ziada served as director until 1973.
313:
In 1969, the name changed to
National Public Health Laboratories, by which time it was a significant medical research hub, affiliated with the Sudan Medical Research Council. The laboratory's role expanded to conducting diagnostics, vaccine production, and research on
543:
The following day, the
Resistance Committees at the NPHL joined the Sudanese Resistance Committees' strike. They demand the withdrawal of armed personnel from health facilities, refused services to armed forces, and sought protection laws for medical facilities.
1921:
2219:
2135:
596:
Since 8 September 2023, the NPHL moved from
Khartoum to Port Sudan, east of the country, as a result of it being subjected to sabotage and destruction due to the war that has been going on there since last April 15. It has begun analysing and culturing
1951:
454:, Haseeb conducted serological surveys on yellow fever in 1954. Haseeb also introduced a unified policy for training laboratory assistants across the country and the initiation of a technician training program in 1953. In 1960, the United States
1618:
449:
Haseeb, who is considered the "Godfather Of Sudan's
Laboratory Medicine", conducted research on various endemic diseases and collaborated on successful experiments regarding smallpox vaccine production. Together with researchers from the
481:
graduates in the United
Kingdom in biomedical subjects such as schistosomiasis and entomology. Theses produced by these graduates, along with others, were beneficial for research initiatives supported by the Sudanese Ministry of Health.
783:
1900:
490:
structure spans approximately 9,000 square metres (97,000 sq ft). The construction of these national public health laboratories amounted to a little over two million dollars, funded by the
Government.
497:
as the laboratory sought WHO recognition for specific diseases and plans widespread quality system training. The initiative involves various sectors and focuses on improving service conditions to retain staff.
1813:
628:
Activities at the NPHL encompassed teaching medical students and auxiliary staff, conducting routine diagnostic work and vaccine preparation, and researching endemic and epidemic diseases, such as
1364:
399:
1156:
469:
In 1963, Haseeb left Stack to become a professor of
Microbiology and Parasitology, and the first Sudanese Dean of the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Khartoum. He was succeeded by
2269:
1842:
585:
On 27 August 2023, the WHO delivered essential equipment and resources to the Ministry of Health. This support was aimed at enhancing the capacities of the Public Health Laboratory in
632:. Research primarily aimed to address specific problems related to endemic diseases or assist in epidemic control measures. Surveys and investigations were conducted on diseases like
1594:
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133:
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225:
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786:[It is a hundred years old and was established due to the assassination of a British general. The story of the oldest blood research laboratory in Sudan].
2279:
2274:
2035:
Aljak, Elham R; Eldigail, Mawahib; Mahmoud, Iman; Elhassan, Rehab M; Elduma, Adel; Ibrahim, Abubakr A; Ali, Yousif; Weaver, Scott C; Ahmed, Ayman (2020-12-15).
362:
The Stack Medical Research Laboratories were a branch of the Wellcome Tropical Research Laboratories (1903–1935), and were established in 1927 to honour Sir
318:
and yellow fever. The laboratory is a centre for medical education, training, and research. In the 2020s, the laboratory faced severe challenges during the
1805:
614:
413:
367:
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stormed, on March 17, the Central Blood Bank at the NPHL, smashed the windows of its doors, terrorised its workers, and stole their phones at gun point.
1356:
1148:
374:
from the Sir Lee Stack Indemnity Fund Committee, the laboratories were equipped to conduct research addressing the country's public health issues.
556:, armed forces took control of the NPHL, and expelled its staff responsible for managing biological hazards. The laboratory contained isolates of
656:. Routine activities included diagnostic examinations of patient specimens from hospitals and vaccine preparation for diseases such as smallpox,
463:
553:
323:
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2092:
1834:
1498:
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820:
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19:
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455:
672:, forensic medicine to police cadets, training laboratory assistants and technicians, and providing laboratory instruction at the
1081:
533:
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2254:
1447:
1249:
1466:
1526:
1488:
1278:
668:. Additionally, educational initiatives included teaching various medical subjects to students at the Faculty of Medicine,
493:
In 2019, the NPHL announced plans to establish a national policy and standards for laboratories in Sudan, supported by the
536:
and Chairman of the Supreme Committee for Health Emergencies, Abdel-Baqi Abdel-Qader Al-Zubair, accompanied by the Acting
511:
894:
802:
423:
1179:"Medical Research and Publication in Sudan: What Sudan Could Reasonably Expect to Achieve in the Longer Term, and How?"
393:
who received the Chalmers Medal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene in 1943. The same year witnesses the creation of the
343:
1871:
618:
758:
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1989:
689:
494:
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347:
186:
1714:
1490:
Sixteenth Century Physician and His Methods: Mercurialis on Diseases of the Skin, the First Book on the Subject
645:
92:
48:
1449:
Mohamed Hamad Satti: Milestones in Field Research in Tropical Disease Pathology, Bacteriology and Epidemiology
673:
2198:
1835:"Sudan fighting brings "huge biological risk" as lab holding samples of deadly diseases occupied, WHO warns"
526:
436:
338:
The National Public Health Laboratory (NPHL) occupies a distinguished location in the heart of the capital,
801:
Bell, Heather (June 1999). "The Wellcome Tropical Research Laboratories and the Organization of Research".
669:
641:
537:
459:
451:
2113:
1392:"Professor Mansour Ali Haseeb: Highlights from a pioneer of biomedical research, physician and scientist"
1221:
610:
561:
278:) from its inception in 1927 until April 1969. The name Stack Medical Research Laboratories referred to
2014:
342:, spread over a large area, bordered to the west by the Sudan Railway headquarters, to the west by the
39:
1751:
287:
701:
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507:
478:
477:, and various other prevailing diseases. Within the laboratories, he formulated plans for training
470:
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319:
109:
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428:
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379:
295:
1677:"Violence Against or Obstruction of Health Care in Sudan (01-31 March 2022) - Sudan | ReliefWeb"
518:
continued. The police forcefully dispersed the vigil hosted by the NPHL staff in June 2023. The
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condemned this as "violent brutality," cautioning against harming the country's capabilities.
515:
2064:
2048:
1893:"WHO upgrades Public Health Laboratory in Port Sudan for outbreak preparedness and response"
1759:
1411:
1328:
1312:
1190:
1086:
1045:
928:
876:
860:
808:
917:"Laboratory on the Nile: A History of the Wellcome Tropical Research Laboratories (review)"
1806:"WHO: biological hazard brewing in Sudan as fighters overtake a central public health lab"
566:
409:
371:
271:
259:
169:
1177:
Husain, Nazik Elmalaika Obaid Seid Ahmed; Dafalla, Ansam Mohamed Abdelaziz (2022-06-30).
1755:
759:"Stamp: Stack Laboratory (Sudan(Views of Sudan) Mi:SD 145,Sn:SD 112,Yt:SD 110,Sg:SD 137"
2069:
2036:
1619:"تنسيقيات "استاك" تعلن الاضراب وتمنع دخول النظاميين والارتكاز بحرم المعمل | تسامح نيوز"
1416:
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881:
126:
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1779:
1739:
653:
590:
405:
299:
1740:"'Armed groups entered the lab': Sudan's researchers flee violent military conflict"
948:
784:"عمره مئة عام وأنشئ بسبب اغتيال لواء بريطاني.. قصة أقدم معمل لأبحاث الدم في السودان"
665:
637:
598:
303:
1241:
1105:
1922:"السودان: معمل "استاك" يبدأ ببورتسودان تحليل العينات المحولة من الولايات الأخرى"
1270:
629:
525:
On 17 March 2022, the Sudanese Doctor Syndicate announced that a force from the
474:
370:
between 1917 and until he was assassinated in 1924. Funded by a grant of 24,000
1763:
1090:
848:
1316:
864:
586:
557:
412:, and yellow fever. He later became a full-time professor of pathology at the
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327:
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1041:
940:
872:
148:
135:
1075:
363:
279:
2078:
2037:"The first laboratory-confirmed imported infections of SARS-CoV-2 in Sudan"
1952:"المعمل القومي للتحاليل الطبية "استاك" يستأنف عمله من بورتسودان البلد نيوز"
1771:
1425:
1342:
1059:
1863:
1707:"تنسيقيات "استاك" تعلن الإضراب وتمنع دخول النظاميين والارتكاز بحرم المعمل"
932:
916:
890:
266:) is a public health laboratory in Sudan that was previously known as the
1897:
World Health Organization - Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean
1271:"Prof Haseeb: Godfather Of Sudan's Laboratory Medicine| Sudanow Magazine"
649:
351:
339:
307:
122:
2093:"Joint External Evaluation of IHR Core Capacities Republic of THE SUDAN"
2164:
1357:"Reconnaissance for Yellow Fever in the Nuba Mountains, Southern Sudan"
1026:"An outline of the history of Medical Research Institutes in the Sudan"
661:
633:
579:
575:
315:
1981:
404:. Kirk's research mainly focused on prevalent Sudanese diseases like
657:
1706:
346:
Street in central Khartoum, and to the north it is adjacent to the
2041:
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
571:
422:
2190:
232:
1242:"Sudan: Prof Haseeb – Godfather of Sudan's Laboratory Medicine"
1149:"Health Research Library - History of Health Research in Sudan"
621:, an independent research body established in 1970 following a
2136:"مدير معمل استاك "المستقيل" يكشف معلومات عن تشخيص الحالة واحد"
389:
In 1949, Horgan retired from his position and was replaced by
1982:"" استاك" يبدا في "تزريع"العينات الوبائية المحولة ببورتسودان"
2191:"استئناف الفحوصات المعملية للمرضى والمُسافرين بمعمل (استاك)"
2010:
1864:"Sudan crisis: WHO warns of biological hazard at seized lab"
1587:"Sudan protests continue, leading up to 'March of Millions'"
804:
Frontiers of Medicine in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, 1899–1940
420:
who became the first Sudanese director of the laboratory.
368:
Governor-General of the Anglo-Egyptian occupation of Sudan
298:
developed research programs on endemic diseases including
201:
2220:"السودان.. معمل استاك يقر بتزوير شهادات نتائج فحص كورونا"
2011:"معمل استاك:حالة إشتباه شمال دارفور سلبية | عين السودان"
2165:"مدير استاك:احدث الاجهزة بالمعمل لفحص كورونا – النيلين"
1648:"بلاغات و تحقيقات جنائية بشأن حادثة اقتحام معمل استاك"
601:
samples transferred from other states of the country.
473:. Satti conducted extensive studies on leishmaniasis,
64:
Stack Medical Research Laboratories (until April 1969)
609:
The NPHL accommodates various departments, including
514:, protests demanding an inquiry into the 3 June 2019
1301:"Revaccination as a measure of immunity to smallpox"
963:"نقل أعباء "إستاك" إلى معهد "النيل الأزرق" في مدني"
214:
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108:
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1455:. Sudan Medical Heritage Foundation Publications.
1074:
1299:Horgan, E. S.; Haseeb, Mansour Ali (April 1944).
1076:"'Stack, Sir Lee Oliver Fitzmaurice (1868–1924)'"
615:Faculty of Medicine at the University of Khartoum
414:Faculty of Medicine in the University of Khartoum
2270:Medical and health organisations based in Sudan
1226:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2024 (
1557:"معمل استاك يضع سياسية قومية للمعامل بالبلاد"
8:
2114:"Curriculum Vitae Abdalla Abdel Karim Osman"
1528:Annual Report of the Director General Health
1085:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
570:; causative agents of the virulent diseases
28:
458:initiated a comprehensive investigation on
191:Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum
53:Stack Medical Research Laboratories in 1937
2260:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
849:"Medical Research in the Sudan Since 1903"
27:
2068:
1415:
1332:
1049:
880:
813:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207498.003.0003
386:that formed a trio in medical research.
2265:Government agencies established in 1927
1926:صحيفة التغيير السودانية , اخبار السودان
1082:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
747:
728:
625:, also operates within the laboratory.
1219:
706:1968 – 1973 Mahmoud Abdel Rahman Ziada
466:Province, which continued until 1964.
290:. Directors including Eric S. Horgan,
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2275:Medical research institutes in Sudan
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921:Bulletin of the History of Medicine
275:
268:Stack Medical Research Laboratories
263:
173:
20:National Public Health Laboratories
1980:التالي, صحيفة اليوم (2023-09-08).
1525:Division, Pakistan Health (1966).
1390:Salih, Mustafa Abdalla M. (2013).
520:Sudanese Professionals Association
14:
1810:Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
1183:Sudan Journal of Medical Sciences
548:Sudanese civil war (2023–present)
456:Naval Medical Research Unit Three
252:National Public Health Laboratory
29:National Public Health Laboratory
25:Public health laboratory in Sudan
709:2014 – 2019 Abdullah Abdul Karim
534:Transitional Sovereignty Council
330:due to war-induced destruction.
231:
224:
47:
38:
2201:from the original on 2022-05-19
2171:from the original on 2020-04-07
2146:from the original on 2023-11-15
2017:from the original on 2022-01-23
1992:from the original on 2023-11-15
1962:from the original on 2023-08-28
1932:from the original on 2023-11-15
1903:from the original on 2023-11-15
1874:from the original on 2023-04-26
1845:from the original on 2023-04-25
1816:from the original on 2023-04-26
1786:from the original on 2023-04-29
1717:from the original on 2023-11-15
1687:from the original on 2022-08-19
1658:from the original on 2023-01-28
1625:from the original on 2023-11-15
1597:from the original on 2022-12-06
1567:from the original on 2023-11-15
1535:from the original on 2023-01-30
1507:from the original on 2023-01-30
1469:from the original on 2022-12-05
1396:Sudanese Journal of Paediatrics
1367:from the original on 2023-04-20
1281:from the original on 2022-12-06
1252:from the original on 2022-12-06
1209:from the original on 2022-12-05
1159:from the original on 2023-11-15
1130:from the original on 2021-10-23
1030:Sudanese Journal of Paediatrics
973:from the original on 2023-06-05
897:from the original on 2017-01-01
829:from the original on 2023-11-15
715:2021 Fathia Adam Muhammad Saleh
712:2020 Abu Baker Ibrahim (acting)
619:Sudan Medical Research Council
1:
1738:Naddaf, Miryam (2023-04-28).
1487:Mercuriale, Girolamo (1986).
1446:Safi, Ahmed El (2019-04-30).
1120:"John Wilson Edington Miller"
1073:Daly, M.W. (September 2004).
1024:Ali Haseeb, Mansour (2013) .
552:On 25 April 2023, during the
512:Sudan transition to democracy
508:2018–2019 Sudanese revolution
440:
366:, a British Army officer and
2250:1927 establishments in Sudan
1197:(inactive 31 January 2024).
1106:UK public library membership
2121:National University - Sudan
782:Qurei, Ahmed (2022-11-09).
735:1924 has been also reported
532:The next day Member of the
395:Sudanese Ministry of Health
74:; 97 years ago
2301:
2285:Government health agencies
2189:Hamed, Sara (2021-11-10).
1804:Field, Matt (2023-04-25).
1764:10.1038/d41586-023-01478-z
685:1935 – 1949 Eric S. Horgan
348:Khartoum Teaching Hospital
326:, forcing a relocation to
264:المعمل القومي للصحة العامة
32:المعمل القومي للصحة العامة
17:
2134:نيوز, تارا (2020-04-24).
2100:World Health Organization
2013:(in Arabic). 2020-04-06.
1928:(in Arabic). 2023-09-08.
1705:رمضان, ندى (2022-03-20).
1621:(in Arabic). 2022-03-20.
1317:10.1017/s0022172400013048
967:الترا سودان | Ultra Sudan
915:Worboys, Michael (2000).
865:10.1017/s0025727300020287
495:World Health Organization
416:in 1952 was succeeded by
219:
46:
37:
1950:abdo, Mho (2023-08-27).
1195:10.52981/sjms.v17i2.2606
847:Bayoumi, A (July 1975).
674:Khartoum Nursing College
646:cerebrospinal meningitis
276:معمل استاك للبحوث الطبية
93:Public health laboratory
31:
2226:(in Arabic). 2020-10-01
1652:Dabanga Radio TV Online
1591:Dabanga Radio TV Online
2255:University of Khartoum
2053:10.1093/trstmh/traa151
1646:Dabanga (2022-03-18).
1585:Dabanga (2019-06-26).
1305:The Journal of Hygiene
1091:10.1093/ref:odnb/36230
718:2022 – Shahinaz Bedri
670:University of Khartoum
642:visceral leishmaniasis
460:visceral leishmaniasis
452:Rockefeller Foundation
446:
100:Field of research
933:10.1353/bhm.2000.0203
435:. 2nd row, far left,
426:
378:Laboratories and the
310:vaccine development.
149:15.59722°N 32.53111°E
2102:. 9–13 October 2016.
1275:sudanow-magazine.net
538:Governor of Khartoum
288:Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
240:Location in Khartoum
114:Shahinaz Ahmed Bedri
18:For other uses, see
1756:2023Natur.617..231N
702:Mohamed Hamad Satti
623:Presidential Decree
502:Sudanese revolution
479:Bachelor of Science
471:Mohamed Hamad Satti
433:Mohamed Hamad Satti
427:1st row from left,
320:Sudanese revolution
145: /
34:
1361:Medicine on Screen
807:. pp. 55–89.
696:Mansour Ali Haseeb
611:Central Blood Bank
554:Sudanese civil war
447:
437:Ahmed M. El Hassan
418:Mansour Ali Haseeb
380:Medical Entomology
324:Sudanese civil war
296:Mansour Ali Haseeb
187:Ministry of Health
168:Stack Laboratory (
154:15.59722; 32.53111
1841:. 25 April 2023.
1750:(7960): 231–232.
1500:978-0-932845-12-2
1462:978-1-0964-3574-7
1124:Durham University
1104:(Subscription or
822:978-0-19-820749-8
516:Khartoum massacre
350:and the Khartoum
344:Republican Palace
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1493:. Lowell Press.
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1363:. 2018-06-20.
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2195:صحيفة الصيحة
2194:
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1711:صحيفة مداميك
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1560:
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1448:
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1360:
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762:
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700:1963 – 1968
694:1952 – 1963
688:1949 – 1952
666:tuberculosis
638:yellow fever
627:
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182:Affiliations
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1096:10 February
788:Arabic Post
690:Robert Kirk
630:coronavirus
506:During the
475:hepatitis A
444: 1965
398: [
391:Robert Kirk
292:Robert Kirk
152: /
69:Established
60:Former name
2244:Categories
2230:2023-11-15
2205:2023-11-15
2175:2023-11-15
2150:2023-11-15
2021:2023-11-15
1996:2023-11-15
1966:2023-11-15
1956:البلد نيوز
1936:2023-11-15
1907:2023-11-15
1878:2023-04-26
1849:2023-04-26
1820:2023-04-26
1790:2023-04-29
1721:2023-11-15
1691:2023-11-15
1662:2023-11-15
1629:2023-11-15
1601:2023-11-15
1571:2023-11-15
1539:2022-12-15
1511:2022-12-15
1473:2022-12-05
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1256:2022-12-06
1213:2022-12-06
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1134:2023-11-15
1108:required.)
977:2023-11-15
901:2023-11-15
833:2023-11-15
768:2023-11-16
743:References
587:Port Sudan
558:poliovirus
384:Wad Medani
354:Hospital.
328:Port Sudan
174:معمل استاك
140:32°31′52″E
137:15°35′50″N
2140:تارا نيوز
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280:Lee Stack
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2015:Archived
1990:Archived
1960:Archived
1930:Archived
1901:Archived
1872:Archived
1868:BBC News
1843:Archived
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1772:37138061
1715:Archived
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650:smallpox
605:Function
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119:Location
110:Director
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662:cholera
634:malaria
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