228:, Rainer Greisbaum, the suspects had Neo-Nazi links. Böhnhardt and Mundlos were found dead by police after they robbed a bank on 4 November 2011. Police said they killed themselves. Zschäpe surrendered on 11 November 2011. She was charged with murder, attempted murder, arson, and belonging to a terrorist organization. Zschäpe said she was only willing to testify if she was considered a state witness, with mitigation of sentence. The police discovered an alleged hit list of 88 names that included "two prominent members of the Bundestag and representatives of Turkish and Islamic groups".
920:, a Turkish-German lawyer who had defended the family of one of the victims of the NSU, was faxed a death threat against her two-year-old daughter. The fax was signed "NSU 2.0". An investigation concluded that, just before the fax was sent, a Frankfurt police computer had accessed a confidential database to obtain Basay-Yildiz's address. The phones of the police officers who were on duty at the moment were confiscated, and it was found that many were exchanging racist and far-right messages in a group chat, and posting pictures of Hitler and
353:
954:, families of the victims, and minority communities as a whole, became the target of police suspicions "despite the absence of reasonable grounds for believing that they are involved in the crimes." Theodoros Boulgarides' wife, for example, accused the police of lying to her about her husband by falsely saying he had a mistress, in a bid to convince her to confess his murder. His daughter was also asked if she ever suffered sexual abuse at the hands of her father.
569:, 25 February 2004, between 10:10 and 10:20, Mehmet Turgut was shot three times in the head and neck with a silenced CZ 83 and died instantaneously. Turgut, who had been living illegally in Hamburg, was in Rostock on a visit and had been asked by an acquaintance to open up a doner kebab shop that day. Because of Turgut's link to Hamburg, Rostock police made the connection to the third victim, Süleyman Taşköprü, thus establishing the term
1053:
360:
639:
while sitting in the patrol car with the shooters approaching their vehicle from both sides. Kiesewetter died on-site; her male partner was in a coma for several weeks. While in the other cases, the motive is assumed to be xenophobia and/or racism, it is unclear why
Kiesewetter and her partner were attacked; theories include a variety of motives, such as a personal link between Kiesewetter, who came from
313:(BND), the local Jena Police Force raided a storage garage Zschäpe, Mundlos, and Böhnhardt rented in Jena in 1998. In this raid police found TNT and other bomb-making materials as well as a large amount of anti-Semitic material; however, it failed to capture Zschäpe, Mundlos, or Böhnhardt. The three went into hiding following the raid and fled to Saxony with the aid of other far-right neo-Nazi groups.
31:
400:
1039:
294:. Zschäpe met Mundlos at a local youth club while they were both adolescents and they began a romantic relationship. In 1994, the then 19-year-old Zschäpe fell in love with Böhnhardt, whom she met through Mundlos. As the 1990s continued, the three of them became involved in the far-right, neo-Nazi scene developing in the states of the former GDR. They engaged in street fights with
474:
438:
420:
382:
456:
656:
647:, and the alleged perpetrators who all came from Thuringia, or the acquisition of firearms. The duty pistols of Kiesewetter and her partner were found on 4 November 2011 at the caravan where Böhnhardt and Mundlos died, giving rise to the belief that this attack was linked to the Bosphorus murder series.
957:
The son of the first victim, Enver Şimşek, said of media coverage of his case: "First my mother was accused, then my uncle, then everyone around us was constantly under investigation. That went on for eleven years. My father wasn't treated like he was the victim; instead, he got the blame. It was the
883:
In her defence, Zschäpe's attorneys argued that she is innocent and had no part in the murders they say were committed by
Mundlos and Böhnhardt. Zschäpe maintained her silence for more than two years and told her version of the events in the form of a written statement read by one of her attorneys in
859:
linked all of the unsolved crimes to the neo-Nazi group Zschäpe, Mundlos, and Böhnhardt founded named the
National Socialist Underground. The NSU murder trial began on 6 May 2013. On 13 November 2017, the trial concluded its evidence and examination phase and moved on to the closing statements phase.
235:
denied that the crimes were racially motivated, blaming them on immigrant communities instead. As the right-wing connection with these crimes began to be investigated, it was discovered that sectors of German intelligence could have had links with the NSU and had prior knowledge of the nature of the
623:
was present. The agent claimed first to have left the premises shortly before the murder, but later changed his statement when presented with evidence of witnesses who had seen him present when the murder happened. His involvement with the case gave rise to suspicions that government agencies might
514:
was a 38-year-old businessman with
Turkish roots who operated several flower stalls in southern Germany. When his employee running the stall in Nuremberg went on holiday, Şimşek himself stepped in for him, and in the afternoon of 9 September 2000, he was shot in the face by two gunmen and died from
316:
Over the following 13 years, eight
Turkish-Germans, one Greek, and a German police officer were found murdered across Germany. All but one of these murders were committed using the same rare Ceska 83 pistol and witnesses described two men fleeing on bicycles. German police had little information to
900:
of 1992. During the trial it became clear that BfV informants were aware or potentially aware of the homicides and other crimes attributed to the NSU and that this information was not shared with local police. Reports exist that one undercover intelligence agent who harboured right-wing sympathies
638:
On 25 April 2007, police officer Michèle
Kiesewetter and her duty partner were attacked during their lunch break. Kiesewetter, age 22, was killed and her partner was critically wounded but survived with no memory of the attack. Both were shot involving directly aimed headshots at point-blank range
942:
Until 2011 German police and intelligence services denied the racist motivation of the murders and instead treated immigrant families as suspects, accusing the victims of being involved in the drug trade and their relatives of withholding information that could help solve the crimes. German media
908:
At the trial, members of the BfV admitted to shredding files on NSU informants after the crimes of the terrorist group were exposed. Families of the victims have accused the office of trying to protect the identity of informants. Criticism led to the voluntary resignation of its president
1004:
Ralf
Wohlleben, 38, and Carsten Schultze, 33, were found guilty of being accessories to murder in the killing of the nine male victims. Prosecutors alleged that they supplied the trio with the handgun and silencer used in the killings. Wohlleben was once a member of Germany's far-right
325:
police even going as far as setting up a fake kebab stall in order to lure out members of the
Turkish Mafia. When asked about a link between the crime and neo-Nazis, the chief investigator of the Munich Murder Commission, Josef Wilfling, responded "Have you ever seen a Nazi on a bike?"
593:
On 15 June 2005 between 18:15 and 19:00 locksmith
Theodoros Boulgarides was killed in his shop in the vicinity of the other murder in Munich. Boulgarides left a wife and two daughters; he was the second murder victim in Munich. A Greek, he was the first non-Turk to be murdered.
964:
For almost every murder in this case, the report says, testimony was provided by eyewitnesses that the perpetrators had a "German appearance," and their descriptions matched those of
Mundlos and Böhnhardt. The police, however, failed to pursue that line of investigation.
972:
community for the death of the German policewoman despite the lack of any clue in that direction. A psychological report cited by the police in the investigation of this case contains racist remarks about a Roma suspect and people from his ethnic background.
317:
go on past this and had not even connected the crimes due to them being committed in different jurisdictions. Investigations carried out by the police followed several theories including that the murders were being carried out by the
668:
Originally, suspicions surrounded the family and friends of the victims. German security services also blamed the murders on the Turkish mafia during the period of killings. Right-wing groups were never mentioned and investigated.
548:
On 29 August 2001, Habil Kılıç became the fourth victim. Kılıç, aged 38, who was married and had a daughter, was shot at point-blank range in his greengrocer's shop in Munich-Ramersdorf. This was the first of two murders in
306:, neo-Nazi attacks were on the rise in the states of former Eastern Germany. After becoming further radicalized, Zschäpe, Mundlos, and Böhnhardt joined the neo-Nazi Group Thuringia Home Guard (Thuringer Heimatschutz).
585:, Turkey to Nuremberg, and owned a kebab shop in Scharrerstrasse. He was found dead at approximately 10:15 with five gunshot wounds. Witness statements led Police to believe he had been killed between 9:50 and 10:05.
527:
for a company in Nuremberg, had been helping out in a tailor's shop; the murder was discovered by a passer-by who looked through the shop window and saw the body sitting in the back of the shop, covered in blood.
697:
of Turkey openly criticized Germany's handling of the inexcusable hatred crimes against people of non-German origin, mainly Turks. Bozdağ voiced his country's "deep concern" over the slow and vague case process.
692:
for 2011 by a jury of linguistic scholars, who considered its usage as inappropriate and inhuman. On 4 November 2016, following the recent meetings in the German parliament on the topic; Justice Minister
614:
On 6 April 2006, just two days after the murder of Kubaşık, Halit Yozgat became the penultimate victim in the series of murders, and the last of ethnic Turkish origin. Yozgat, who ran an Internet café in
345:
Timeline of the years when murders were committed; each square shows number of murder(s) in the particular month (if any); series ends in April 2006; green mark shows time of detention of the suspect male
1012:
Andre Eminger, 33, was found guilty of being an accessory in two of the bank robberies and in a 2001 bombing in Cologne. He was also found guilty of two counts of supporting a terrorist organization.
981:
On 11 July 2018 Beate Zschäpe was found guilty of ten counts of murder, membership in a terror organization and arson, and sentenced to life imprisonment. Her accomplices were convicted as follows:
1328:
684:
stated that "the cold-blooded murders of nine immigrant shopkeepers by Neo-Nazis is an inconceivable crime for Germany and a national disgrace". In January 2012, the term "Döner-Morde" (English:
896:(BfV), Germany's domestic security agency. The BfV began cultivating informants from Germany's neo-Nazi groups in the early and mid-1990s to deal with the rise in anti-immigrant crime like the
1127:
947:
killings", after a Turkish dish. As the neo-Nazi connection to the crimes was found, German media coverage of the murders was lambasted as xenophobic and dehumanizing towards the victims.
236:
killings. Large sums were paid by the intelligence service to informants, who spent the money to fund their far-right activities. Families of the victims have submitted a report to the
994:
Schulze: Guilty – Convicted of aiding and abetting in nine counts of murder. Sentenced to only three years of juvenile detention as he was only 20 years old at the time of the murders.
892:
One of the more controversial subjects to come to light during the NSU murder trial is the level of cooperation and support that neo-Nazi informants and organizations receive from the
864:
Beate Zschäpe, charged with nine murders, an attack on police leading to a further murder, arson leading to two attempted murders, as well as membership in a terrorist organization.
1576:
927:
A few months before, a scandal broke out when it was discovered that special forces officers used "Uwe Böhnhardt" (after one of the NSU murderers) as a codename during a visit of
1561:
335:
2028:
958:
whole of the media. Whether it was the so-called 'kebab murders' of Turkish people or drug offences. The press always said my father was to blame. And that's how we felt."
282:(1 October 1977 – 4 November 2011) and Uwe Mundlos (11 August 1973 – 4 November 2011) were the founding members of the National Socialist Underground. The three grew up in
893:
540:
after being shot in the head three times. This was two weeks after the second murder, and the same guns as in the first case were used, a CZ 83 and a 6.35 mm gun.
1332:
2038:
2033:
1157:
523:
On 13 June 2001, Abdurrahim Özüdoğru was killed by two shots in the head with the same weapon already used in the murder of Enver Şimşek. Özüdoğru, who worked as a
606:
vendor Mehmet Kubaşık, a German citizen of Turkish origin, was found dead in his shop. Like the majority of the other victims, Kubaşık had been shot in the head.
884:
December 2015. In it, she expressed regret to the victims' families that "she was unable to do anything to stop her associates from murdering their loved ones."
620:
352:
204:
pistol. According to the parents of a Turkish victim who worked in an Internet café, the police originally suspected foreign organised criminals. Policewoman
1925:
1943:
1821:
1616:
1101:
1460:
1708:
1257:
2063:
2068:
2053:
1135:
515:
his wounds in hospital two days later. He was the first victim in the series. One of the guns used to kill Şimşek was used in nine more murders.
961:
Relatives of the victims submitted a report to the United Nations, accusing the Bavarian police of mishandling the case due to systemic racism.
342:
2013:
1843:
1019:
Like Zschäpe, the co-defendants were known to German authorities before the existence of the NSU—whose name alludes to the official name of
2018:
1006:
837:
1752:
1355:
847:
Beate Zschäpe turned herself in to the police after setting fire to the apartment that she shared with Uwe Mundlos and Uwe Böhnhardt in
1558:
2023:
2058:
1967:
1381:
491:
1861:
1481:
2048:
2043:
1884:
985:
Wohlleben: Guilty – Convicted of aiding and abetting nine murders by procuring the pistol used. Sentenced to ten years in prison.
633:
1436:
1531:
298:, attended far-right concerts, and even wore home-made SS uniforms to the former Buchenwald concentration camp. Following the
1904:
1621:
1536:
1183:
162:
129:
1980:
1303:
1234:
1804:
1407:
511:
506:
225:
897:
208:
was also shot and killed and the police officer on patrol with her was critically wounded. Other crimes, including
1993:
619:, Hesse, was also shot in the head with a silenced gun. On the occasion of this murder, an agent of the Hessian
1457:
856:
295:
931:
536:
On 27 June 2001 between 10:45 and 11:15 a.m., Süleyman Taşköprü, aged 31, died in his greengrocer's shop in
310:
299:
581:
On 9 June 2005, the murderers struck for the third time in Nuremberg. İsmail Yaşar, aged 50, had come from
1889:
1643:
205:
988:
Eminger: Guilty – Convicted of aiding a terror organization. Sentenced to two and a half years in prison.
1778:
951:
678:
232:
917:
901:
was at the site of one of the murders. The agent was known in the village where he grew up as "little
1076:
1066:
991:
Gerlach: Guilty – Also Convicted of aiding a terror organization. Sentenced to three years in prison.
303:
209:
1656:
1655:
Sultan, Christopher; ANDREA BRANDT; JÜRGEN DAHLKAMP; MAXIMILIAN POPP; UFUK UCTA (13 December 2011).
1071:
689:
1972:
30:
1588:
928:
855:. At this time, a video began circulating amongst German media in which the cartoon character
186:
359:
1258:"Neo-Nazi murder trial reveals German police racism and spy agency obstruction, lawyers say"
1015:
Holger Gerlach, 38, was found guilty of three counts of supporting a terrorist organization.
867:
279:
275:
221:
213:
182:
40:
36:
1214:
1565:
1464:
143:
694:
640:
1503:
341:
1985:
1926:"Neo-Nazi NSU member Beate Zschäpe found guilty of murder, sentenced to life in prison"
1756:
1044:
237:
85:
212:, may have been committed by the group. German authorities identified three suspects,
2007:
1735:
969:
681:
566:
318:
916:
In December 2018, five German police officers were suspended from their posts after
1713:
1685:
1262:
1188:
1020:
902:
287:
174:
1219:
1948:
1866:
1825:
1709:"World News: Series of murders by neo-Nazis 'a disgrace,' says Germany's Merkel"
1593:
1508:
1052:
944:
910:
217:
197:
193:
44:
1128:"Video – Bundesstaatsanwalt: Polizisten- und Döner-Morde wohl Tat von Neonazis"
1058:
1034:
1024:
537:
200:. They were murdered in daylight with gunshots at close range with a silenced
155:
89:
1739:
943:
went along with the police line and both glibly referred to the murders as "
644:
524:
480:
366:
322:
291:
158:
1158:"Mordserie in Deutschland: Bundesrichter erlässt Haftbefehl gegen Beate Z."
1081:
921:
582:
444:
848:
655:
562:
426:
388:
178:
177:
NSU). The NSU perpetrated the attacks between 2000 and 2007 throughout
99:
57:
399:
870:, charged with providing assistance in a nail bomb attack in Cologne.
852:
616:
550:
462:
406:
151:
181:, leaving ten people dead and one wounded. The primary targets were
1184:"German neo-Nazi terrorists had 'hitlist' of 88 political targets"
654:
603:
340:
201:
102:
1589:"Kopfschüsse in Dortmund: Serienmörder schlägt zum achten Mal zu"
1482:"München: Zwei der neun Döner-Morde in Ramersdorf und im Westend"
1235:"Germany shocked by secret service link to rightwing terror cell"
873:
Holger Gerlach, charged with providing assistance to NSU members.
1617:"Kasseler Mord in neuem Licht: Verdächtiger Verfassungsschützer"
1102:"Döner-Mörder: Waren sie Einzeltäter oder gibt es ein Netzwerk?"
876:
Carsten Schultze, charged with providing weapons to NSU members.
860:
It ended on 11 July 2018 in a verdict of Guilty. On trial were:
283:
1382:"The neo-Nazi murder trial revealing Germany's darkest secrets"
240:, accusing Bavarian police of racism during the investigation.
1009:, which has seats in two state parliaments in eastern Germany.
1844:"Five German police suspended over neo-Nazi threat to lawyer"
879:
Ralf Wolleben, charged with providing weapons to NSU members.
1905:"German authorities' many failures in investigating the NSU"
659:
A 7.65 mm caliber CZ 83 handgun as used for the murders
624:
be linked to the organisation responsible for the murders.
192:
Most of the victims were small business owners, including
1329:"Ungeklärte Fälle – Landespolizei Mecklenburg-Vorpommern"
1981:"10 Murders, 3 Nazis, and Germany's Moment of Reckoning"
1885:"German police use neo-Nazi codename amid Erdoğan visit"
1304:"10 Murders, 3 Nazis, and Germany's Moment of Reckoning"
224:
as responsible for the murders. According to the acting
1437:"Mysteriöse Mordserie – Es geschah am helllichten Tag"
495:
Crime scenes of the Bosphorus murder series in Germany
473:
255:) by the German authorities, with the derogatory term
1976:, August 2014 (video, 44 mins, not currently online).
1862:"Probe over neo-Nazi network in German police widens"
602:
In Dortmund, in the early afternoon of 4 April 2006,
336:
List of attacks by the National Socialist Underground
437:
1380:Meaney, Thomas; Saskia Schafer (15 December 2016).
419:
381:
125:
117:
109:
95:
79:
71:
63:
52:
23:
1944:"Neo-Nazi Killings Expose Broad German Xenophobia"
1753:"'İç işlerimize karışmak Merkel'in haddine değil'"
1657:"Suspicions Destroyed Lives of Victims' Relatives"
1356:"Neo-Nazis Suspected in Wave of Crimes in Germany"
455:
894:Federal Office for Protection of the Constitution
1994:"The NSU Case in Germany – as at July 3rd, 2018"
1822:German Spy Chief Quits over Botched Terror Probe
1686:"Germany's new breed of neo-Nazis pose a threat"
1182:Pidd, Helen; Harding, Luke (16 November 2011).
243:The serial murders were previously called the
185:, though the victims also included one ethnic
621:Office for the Protection of the Constitution
8:
261:
249:
167:
2029:Terrorist incidents in Germany in the 2000s
1805:"Neo-Nazi terror scandal grows in Germany"
1736:"Kebab-Murders called worst word of 2011."
1504:"ARD-Doku über Neonazi-Opfer. Die Schande"
1297:
1295:
1293:
705:
29:
20:
1430:
1428:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1679:
1677:
1025:National Socialist German Workers' Party
334:For broader coverage of this topic, see
16:2000s Neo-Nazi serial murders in Germany
1837:
1835:
1577:Münchner Abendzeitung, 14 November 2011
1093:
2039:Terrorist incidents in Germany in 2007
2034:Terrorist incidents in Germany in 2000
1920:
1918:
1879:
1877:
1209:
1207:
267:) being frequently used by the press.
140:National Socialist Underground murders
35:Suspects of Bosphorus serial murders:
24:National Socialist Underground murders
1532:"Neonazi-Verbrechen: Der fünfte Mord"
1439:. Süddeutsche Zeitung Digitale Medien
1354:Kulish, Nicholas (14 November 2011).
1252:
1250:
1248:
968:The police also blamed people of the
7:
1406:Burschel, Friedrich (22 July 2016).
838:National Socialist Underground trial
132:(Nationalsozialistischer Untergrund)
1842:Josie Le Blond (17 December 2018).
189:and one ethnic German policewoman.
1707:Eddy, Melissa (14 November 2011).
169:Nationalsozialistischer Untergrund
14:
1829:. Last accessed 12 November 2013.
1435:Przybilla, Olaf (6 August 2010).
565:-Toitenwinkel, on the morning of
67:9 September 2000 to 25 April 2007
1302:Kushner, Jacob (16 March 2017).
1051:
1037:
472:
454:
436:
418:
398:
380:
358:
351:
2064:Persecution of Turks in Germany
1215:"Germany's brown army faction?"
589:Murder of Theodoros Boulgarides
561:Two and a half years later, in
2069:Anti-Muslim violence in Europe
2054:Violence against men in Europe
1684:Adler, Katya (27 March 2012).
1622:Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
1537:Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
888:Suspicions of state complicity
163:National Socialist Underground
130:National Socialist Underground
1:
1106:Deutsch Türkische Nachrichten
634:Murder of Michèle Kiesewetter
628:Murder of Michèle Kiesewetter
519:Murder of Abdurrahim Özüdoğru
309:Following a tip-off from the
304:reintegration of East Germany
2014:Deaths by firearm in Germany
311:Federal Intelligence Service
2019:Neo-Nazi attacks in Germany
1331:(in German). Archived from
1134:(in German). Archived from
532:Murder of Süleyman Taşköprü
226:Attorney General of Germany
2085:
1779:"13 November 2017 Minutes"
1644:Die Zeit, 17 November 2011
1484:(in German). merkur-online
898:Rostock-Lichtenhagen riots
835:
690:German Un-Word of the Year
631:
504:
333:
2024:Serial murders in Germany
1992:Antonia von der Behrens:
1597:(in German). 7 April 2006
1007:National Democratic Party
685:
28:
2059:2000s murders in Germany
1564:24 December 2011 at the
1463:19 November 2011 at the
598:Murder of Mehmet Kubaşık
245:Bosphorus serial murders
2049:2007 murders in Germany
2044:2000 murders in Germany
1759:Türkçe. 4 November 2016
1471:, Hamburg, 18 July 2007
1408:"Searching for Justice"
557:Murder of Mehmet Turgut
300:Fall of the Berlin Wall
286:, a town in the former
786:Boulgarides, Theodoros
660:
610:Murder of Halit Yozgat
577:Murder of İsmail Yaşar
507:Murder of Enver Şimşek
501:Murder of Enver Şimşek
346:
262:
250:
168:
154:murders by the German
147:
952:Amnesty International
938:Police and media bias
658:
544:Murder of Habil Kılıç
344:
296:an anti-fascist group
233:Bavarian State Police
1893:. 29 September 2018.
1077:Phantom of Heilbronn
1067:2004 Cologne bombing
932:Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
819:Kiesewetter, Michèle
731:Özüdoğru, Abdurrahim
492:class=notpageimage|
484:#10: 2007‑04‑25
1968:"The Ceska murders"
1952:. 17 November 2011.
1890:Hürriyet Daily News
1811:. 16 November 2011.
1241:. 15 November 2011.
1138:on 13 November 2011
1072:2011 Norway attacks
664:Original suspicions
466:#9: 2006‑04‑06
448:#8: 2006‑04‑04
430:#5: 2004‑02‑25
412:#7: 2005‑06‑15
410:#4: 2001‑08‑29
392:#3: 2001‑06‑27
374:#6: 2005‑06‑09
372:#2: 2001‑06‑13
370:#1: 2000‑09‑09
206:Michèle Kiesewetter
150:) were a series of
1973:Al Jazeera English
1785:. 13 November 2017
1717:. Associated Press
1469:Hamburg Hansestadt
1360:The New York Times
1335:on 7 December 2011
1223:. 7 December 2011.
742:Taşköprü, Süleyman
677:In November 2011,
661:
538:Hamburg-Bahrenfeld
347:
278:(2 January 1975),
251:Mordserie Bosporus
1783:NSU Trial Reports
1742:, 17 January 2012
929:Turkish President
918:Seda Basay-Yildiz
843:Court proceedings
829:
828:
770:25 February 2004
726:9 September 2000
679:German Chancellor
136:
135:
105:pistol, nail bomb
2076:
1989:, 16 March 2017.
1966:Sibel Karakurt:
1954:
1953:
1940:
1934:
1933:
1922:
1913:
1912:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1881:
1872:
1871:
1870:. 23 March 2019.
1858:
1852:
1851:
1839:
1830:
1819:
1813:
1812:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1790:
1775:
1769:
1768:
1766:
1764:
1749:
1743:
1733:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1704:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1681:
1672:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1652:
1646:
1641:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1613:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1585:
1579:
1574:
1568:
1556:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1478:
1472:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1432:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1403:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1351:
1345:
1344:
1342:
1340:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1299:
1268:
1267:
1254:
1243:
1242:
1231:
1225:
1224:
1211:
1202:
1201:
1199:
1197:
1179:
1173:
1172:
1170:
1168:
1154:
1148:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1124:
1118:
1117:
1115:
1113:
1098:
1061:
1056:
1055:
1047:
1042:
1041:
1040:
1027:—came to light.
905:" in his youth.
857:the Pink Panther
706:
688:) was named the
687:
476:
475:
458:
457:
440:
439:
422:
421:
402:
401:
384:
383:
362:
361:
355:
265:
253:
171:
33:
21:
2084:
2083:
2079:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2074:
2073:
2004:
2003:
1979:Jacob Kushner:
1963:
1958:
1957:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1932:. 11 July 2018.
1924:
1923:
1916:
1911:. 11 July 2018.
1903:
1902:
1898:
1883:
1882:
1875:
1860:
1859:
1855:
1841:
1840:
1833:
1820:
1816:
1803:
1802:
1798:
1788:
1786:
1777:
1776:
1772:
1762:
1760:
1751:
1750:
1746:
1734:
1730:
1720:
1718:
1706:
1705:
1701:
1691:
1689:
1683:
1682:
1675:
1665:
1663:
1654:
1653:
1649:
1642:
1638:
1628:
1626:
1615:
1614:
1610:
1600:
1598:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1575:
1571:
1566:Wayback Machine
1557:
1553:
1543:
1541:
1530:
1529:
1525:
1515:
1513:
1502:
1501:
1497:
1487:
1485:
1480:
1479:
1475:
1465:Wayback Machine
1456:
1452:
1442:
1440:
1434:
1433:
1426:
1416:
1414:
1405:
1404:
1400:
1390:
1388:
1379:
1378:
1374:
1364:
1362:
1353:
1352:
1348:
1338:
1336:
1327:
1326:
1322:
1312:
1310:
1301:
1300:
1271:
1266:. 27 July 2018.
1256:
1255:
1246:
1233:
1232:
1228:
1213:
1212:
1205:
1195:
1193:
1181:
1180:
1176:
1166:
1164:
1156:
1155:
1151:
1141:
1139:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1111:
1109:
1100:
1099:
1095:
1090:
1057:
1050:
1043:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1001:
979:
940:
890:
845:
840:
834:
797:Kubaşık, Mehmet
759:29 August 2001
704:
702:List of victims
675:
666:
653:
636:
630:
612:
600:
591:
579:
559:
546:
534:
521:
509:
503:
498:
497:
496:
494:
488:
487:
486:
485:
483:
477:
469:
468:
467:
465:
459:
451:
450:
449:
447:
441:
433:
432:
431:
429:
423:
415:
414:
413:
411:
409:
403:
395:
394:
393:
391:
385:
377:
376:
375:
373:
371:
369:
363:
339:
332:
330:Crimes involved
273:
82:
48:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2082:
2080:
2072:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2006:
2005:
2002:
2001:
2000:, 9 July 2018.
1990:
1986:Foreign Policy
1977:
1962:
1961:External links
1959:
1956:
1955:
1935:
1914:
1896:
1873:
1853:
1831:
1814:
1796:
1770:
1757:Deutsche Welle
1755:(in Turkish).
1744:
1728:
1699:
1673:
1647:
1636:
1608:
1580:
1569:
1551:
1523:
1495:
1473:
1450:
1424:
1412:Foreign Policy
1398:
1372:
1346:
1320:
1308:Foreign Policy
1269:
1244:
1226:
1203:
1174:
1149:
1119:
1092:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1063:
1062:
1048:
1045:Germany portal
1032:
1029:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1000:
997:
996:
995:
992:
989:
986:
978:
975:
939:
936:
889:
886:
881:
880:
877:
874:
871:
865:
844:
841:
836:Main article:
833:
830:
827:
826:
825:25 April 2007
823:
820:
816:
815:
812:
809:
805:
804:
801:
798:
794:
793:
790:
787:
783:
782:
779:
776:
772:
771:
768:
765:
764:Turgut, Mehmet
761:
760:
757:
754:
750:
749:
746:
743:
739:
738:
735:
732:
728:
727:
724:
721:
717:
716:
713:
710:
703:
700:
674:
671:
665:
662:
652:
649:
632:Main article:
629:
626:
611:
608:
599:
596:
590:
587:
578:
575:
558:
555:
545:
542:
533:
530:
520:
517:
505:Main article:
502:
499:
490:
489:
479:
478:
471:
470:
461:
460:
453:
452:
443:
442:
435:
434:
425:
424:
417:
416:
405:
404:
397:
396:
387:
386:
379:
378:
365:
364:
357:
356:
350:
349:
348:
331:
328:
272:
269:
238:United Nations
134:
133:
127:
123:
122:
119:
115:
114:
111:
107:
106:
97:
93:
92:
86:Serial killing
83:
80:
77:
76:
73:
69:
68:
65:
61:
60:
54:
50:
49:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2081:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2009:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1982:
1978:
1975:
1974:
1969:
1965:
1964:
1960:
1951:
1950:
1945:
1939:
1936:
1931:
1927:
1921:
1919:
1915:
1910:
1906:
1900:
1897:
1892:
1891:
1886:
1880:
1878:
1874:
1869:
1868:
1863:
1857:
1854:
1849:
1845:
1838:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1827:
1823:
1818:
1815:
1810:
1806:
1800:
1797:
1784:
1780:
1774:
1771:
1758:
1754:
1748:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1732:
1729:
1716:
1715:
1710:
1703:
1700:
1687:
1680:
1678:
1674:
1662:
1658:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1640:
1637:
1624:
1623:
1618:
1612:
1609:
1596:
1595:
1590:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1563:
1560:
1555:
1552:
1539:
1538:
1533:
1527:
1524:
1511:
1510:
1505:
1499:
1496:
1483:
1477:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1459:
1454:
1451:
1438:
1431:
1429:
1425:
1413:
1409:
1402:
1399:
1387:
1383:
1376:
1373:
1361:
1357:
1350:
1347:
1334:
1330:
1324:
1321:
1309:
1305:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1265:
1264:
1259:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1245:
1240:
1236:
1230:
1227:
1222:
1221:
1216:
1210:
1208:
1204:
1191:
1190:
1185:
1178:
1175:
1162:
1159:
1153:
1150:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1123:
1120:
1107:
1103:
1097:
1094:
1087:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1060:
1054:
1049:
1046:
1035:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1003:
1002:
998:
993:
990:
987:
984:
983:
982:
976:
974:
971:
966:
962:
959:
955:
953:
950:According to
948:
946:
937:
935:
933:
930:
925:
923:
919:
914:
912:
906:
904:
899:
895:
887:
885:
878:
875:
872:
869:
868:André Eminger
866:
863:
862:
861:
858:
854:
850:
842:
839:
831:
824:
821:
818:
817:
814:6 April 2006
813:
810:
808:Yozgat, Halit
807:
806:
803:4 April 2006
802:
799:
796:
795:
792:15 June 2005
791:
788:
785:
784:
780:
777:
775:Yaşar, İsmail
774:
773:
769:
766:
763:
762:
758:
755:
752:
751:
748:27 June 2001
747:
744:
741:
740:
737:13 June 2001
736:
733:
730:
729:
725:
722:
720:Şimşek, Enver
719:
718:
714:
711:
708:
707:
701:
699:
696:
691:
686:Kebab Murders
683:
682:Angela Merkel
680:
672:
670:
663:
657:
650:
648:
646:
642:
635:
627:
625:
622:
618:
609:
607:
605:
597:
595:
588:
586:
584:
576:
574:
572:
571:döner murders
568:
567:Ash Wednesday
564:
556:
554:
552:
543:
541:
539:
531:
529:
526:
518:
516:
513:
508:
500:
493:
482:
464:
446:
428:
408:
390:
368:
354:
343:
337:
329:
327:
324:
320:
319:Turkish mafia
314:
312:
307:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
280:Uwe Böhnhardt
277:
276:Beate Zschäpe
270:
268:
266:
264:
258:
257:Kebab murders
254:
252:
246:
241:
239:
234:
229:
227:
223:
222:Beate Zschäpe
219:
215:
214:Uwe Böhnhardt
211:
210:a bomb attack
207:
203:
199:
195:
190:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
170:
164:
160:
157:
153:
149:
148:NSU-Mordserie
145:
141:
131:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
101:
98:
94:
91:
87:
84:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
59:
55:
51:
46:
42:
41:Uwe Böhnhardt
38:
37:Beate Zschäpe
32:
27:
22:
19:
1997:
1984:
1971:
1947:
1938:
1929:
1908:
1899:
1888:
1865:
1856:
1848:The Guardian
1847:
1824:
1817:
1809:The Guardian
1808:
1799:
1787:. Retrieved
1782:
1773:
1761:. Retrieved
1747:
1731:
1719:. Retrieved
1714:Toronto Star
1712:
1702:
1690:. Retrieved
1664:. Retrieved
1660:
1650:
1639:
1627:. Retrieved
1620:
1611:
1599:. Retrieved
1592:
1583:
1572:
1559:BKA Bosporus
1554:
1542:. Retrieved
1535:
1526:
1514:. Retrieved
1507:
1498:
1486:. Retrieved
1476:
1468:
1453:
1441:. Retrieved
1415:. Retrieved
1411:
1401:
1389:. Retrieved
1386:The Guardian
1385:
1375:
1363:. Retrieved
1359:
1349:
1337:. Retrieved
1333:the original
1323:
1311:. Retrieved
1307:
1261:
1239:The Guardian
1238:
1229:
1218:
1194:. Retrieved
1189:The Guardian
1187:
1177:
1165:. Retrieved
1160:
1152:
1140:. Retrieved
1136:the original
1131:
1122:
1110:. Retrieved
1105:
1096:
1021:Adolf Hitler
1018:
980:
967:
963:
960:
956:
949:
941:
926:
915:
907:
891:
882:
846:
781:9 June 2005
753:Kılıç, Habil
695:Bekir Bozdağ
676:
667:
651:Perpetrators
641:Oberweißbach
637:
613:
601:
592:
580:
570:
560:
547:
535:
522:
512:Enver Şimşek
510:
315:
308:
288:East Germany
274:
260:
256:
248:
244:
242:
230:
198:greengrocers
196:vendors and
191:
183:ethnic Turks
166:
139:
137:
126:Perpetrators
18:
1949:Der Spiegel
1867:Daily Sabah
1826:Der Spiegel
1789:15 December
1721:15 November
1661:Der Spiegel
1629:16 November
1625:(in German)
1601:16 November
1594:Der Spiegel
1544:16 November
1540:(in German)
1516:12 December
1512:(in German)
1509:Der Spiegel
1488:16 November
1458:Polizeinews
1417:15 December
1391:15 December
1365:14 November
1339:14 November
1313:15 December
1196:17 November
1167:14 November
1163:(in German)
1142:14 November
1112:13 November
1108:(in German)
999:Accomplices
911:Heinz Fromm
263:Döner-Morde
231:For years,
218:Uwe Mundlos
194:doner kebab
175:abbreviated
81:Attack type
45:Uwe Mundlos
2008:Categories
1763:4 November
1666:15 January
1443:15 January
1263:Ahval News
1088:References
1059:Law portal
271:Background
90:hate crime
75:Immigrants
1998:NSU-Watch
1740:The Local
1220:Maclean's
922:swastikas
913:in 2012.
832:NSU trial
822:Heilbronn
778:Nuremberg
734:Nuremberg
723:Nuremberg
673:Aftermath
645:Thuringia
525:machinist
481:Heilbronn
367:Nuremberg
323:Nuremberg
321:with the
292:Thuringia
290:state of
159:terrorist
1562:Archived
1461:Archived
1192:. London
1082:Birlikte
1031:See also
800:Dortmund
712:Location
445:Dortmund
302:and the
156:Neo-Nazi
53:Location
1930:DW News
1909:DW News
977:Verdict
849:Zwickau
767:Rostock
745:Hamburg
563:Rostock
427:Rostock
389:Hamburg
179:Germany
118:Injured
96:Weapons
58:Germany
56:Across
1996:. In:
1983:. In:
1970:. In:
1692:2 July
853:Saxony
811:Kassel
789:Munich
756:Munich
617:Kassel
551:Munich
463:Kassel
407:Munich
220:, and
161:group
152:racist
144:German
110:Deaths
100:7.65mm
72:Target
1688:. BBC
1161:Focus
1132:Stern
945:döner
903:Adolf
715:Date
604:kiosk
583:Suruç
202:CZ 83
187:Greek
103:CZ 83
1791:2017
1765:2016
1723:2011
1694:2012
1668:2012
1631:2011
1603:2011
1546:2011
1518:2011
1490:2011
1445:2012
1419:2017
1393:2017
1367:2011
1341:2011
1315:2017
1198:2011
1169:2011
1144:2011
1114:2011
970:Roma
709:Name
284:Jena
138:The
64:Date
43:and
1023:'s
643:in
2010::
1946:.
1928:.
1917:^
1907:.
1887:.
1876:^
1864:.
1846:.
1834:^
1807:.
1781:.
1738:.
1711:.
1676:^
1659:.
1619:.
1591:.
1534:.
1506:.
1467:.
1427:^
1410:.
1384:.
1358:.
1306:.
1272:^
1260:.
1247:^
1237:.
1217:.
1206:^
1186:.
1130:.
1104:.
934:.
924:.
851:,
573:.
553:.
216:,
173:;
146::
113:10
88:,
39:,
1850:.
1793:.
1767:.
1725:.
1696:.
1670:.
1633:.
1605:.
1548:.
1520:.
1492:.
1447:.
1421:.
1395:.
1369:.
1343:.
1317:.
1200:.
1171:.
1146:.
1116:.
338:.
259:(
247:(
165:(
142:(
121:1
47:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.