437:) and Catana held aloof; they not only furnished the Athenians with supplies, but received them freely into their city. Hence it was at Naxos that the Athenian fleet first touched after crossing the straits; and at a later period the Naxians and Catanaeans are enumerated by Thucydides as the only Greek cities in Sicily which sided with the Athenians. After the failure of this expedition the Chalcidic cities were naturally involved for a time in hostilities with Syracuse; but these were suspended in 409 BC, by the danger which seemed to threaten all the Greek cities alike from the
546:
79:
34:
86:
58:
51:
569:
383:(modern Messina) also as a colony from Naxos, but no allusion to this is found in Thucydides. But, as it was certainly a Chalcidic colony, it is probable that some settlers from Naxos joined those from the parent country. Callipolis was a colony of Naxos and also ceased to exist at an early period. Notwithstanding this evidence of its early prosperity, there is very little information as to the early history of Naxos. Archaeology shows that the city walls were built in the mid 6th c. BC.
1104:
1110:
523:
453:, deeming himself secure from the power of Carthage as well as from domestic sedition, determined to turn his arms against the Chalcidic cities of Sicily; and having made himself master of Naxos by the treachery of their general Procles, he sold all the inhabitants as slaves and destroyed both the walls and buildings of the city, while he bestowed its territory upon the neighbouring Siculi.
1116:
599:
280:
618:
213:
995:
541:
orthogonal street plan on a different orientation from the first city. The original city was razed and lies below the later one. Only the sacred precincts, some temples and the shipyard were left intact on a different orientation. The city plan represents one of the best preserved western examples of
411:
The name of Naxos is not specifically mentioned during the revolutions that ensued in Sicily after the death of Hieron; but there seems no doubt that the city was restored to the old
Chalcidic citizens at the same time as these were reinstated at Catana, 461 BC; and hence we find, during the ensuing
429:
on the opposite side of the straits, it is probable that enmity to their neighbours at
Messana was a strong motive in inducing them to join the Athenians; during the hostilities that ensued, the Messanians having on one occasion, in 425 BC, made a sudden attack upon Naxos both by land and sea, the
489:
speaks of
Tauromenium as having been formerly called Naxos which is not strictly correct. The new city quickly rose in importance. The site of Naxos itself seems to have been never again inhabited in antiquity; but the altar and shrine of Apollo Archegetes continued to mark the spot where it had
407:
in 476 BC. Hieron, with a view to strengthen his own power, removed the inhabitants of Naxos at the same time with those of Catana, and settled them together at
Leontini, while he repeopled the two cities with fresh colonists from other quarters. The city was completely rebuilt in about 470 BC
473:). This took place about 396 BC and the Siculi were still in possession of this stronghold some years later. Meanwhile, the exiled inhabitants of Naxos and Catana formed a considerable body that kept together. An attempt was made in 394 BC by the Rhegians to settle them again at Mylae (modern
354:
takes no notice of this, and describes the city as a purely
Chalcidic colony; and it seems certain that in later times it was generally so regarded. The memory of Naxos as the earliest of all the Greek settlements in Sicily was preserved by the dedication of an altar outside the town to
584:
416:
cities of Sicily Thus, in 427 BC, when the
Leontini were hard pressed by their neighbours of Syracuse, their Chalcidic brethren afforded them all the assistance in their power; and when the first Athenian expedition arrived in Sicily under
366:
The new colony must have been speedily joined by fresh settlers from Greece, as within six years after its first establishment the
Chalcidians at Naxos were able to send out a fresh colony, which founded the city of Leontini (modern
553:
The seafront faƧade of the shipyard complex indicates that the present sandy beachfront is circa 180ā190 m further out from the 5th century BC the coastline and that the sea level was about 2 m higher than at present.
359:, the divine patron under whose authority the colony had sailed; and it was a custom (still retained long after the destruction of Naxos itself) that all Theori or envoys proceeding on sacred missions to
810:
M. Lentini, Naxos of Sicily in the 5th century BC: New
Research, GREEK COLONISATION New Data, Current Approaches, Proceedings of the Scientific Meeting held in Thessaloniki (6 February 2015)
1039:
562:
The coins of Naxos, which are of fine workmanship, may almost all be referred to the period from 460 BC to 403 BC, which was probably the most flourishing in the history of the city.
1611:
412:
period, the three
Chalcidic cities, Naxos, Leontini, and Catana, generally united by the bonds of amity, and maintaining a close alliance, as opposed to Syracuse and the other
408:
probably by Hieron. The new classical town grid was preceded by a systematic levelling of the archaic buildings: excavations have found two superimposed urban layouts.
598:
485:, collected the Naxian exiles together again from all parts of the island and established them at Tauromenium which became the successor of the ancient Naxos. Hence
1581:
780:
Lentini, M. C., & Whitbread, I. K. (2012). RECENT INVESTIGATION OF THE EARLY SETTLEMENT LEVELS AT SICILIAN NAXOS. Mediterranean
Archaeology, 25, 309ā315.
1032:
433:
For the great Athenian expedition to Sicily (415 BC), the Naxians immediately announced their alliance, even though their related cities of Rhegium (modern
953:
Pelagatti P., āNasso: storia della ricerca archeologicaā, Bibliografia Topografica della Colonizzazione, Greca in Italia, xii (Pisa and Rome),1993, 268ā312
1591:
568:
477:), but without success for they were expelled by the Messanians and from this time appear to have been dispersed in various parts of Sicily. In 358 BC
1596:
1606:
1025:
1009:
78:
375:. Theocles himself became the Oekist, or recognised founder, of the former and Euarchus, probably a Chalcidic citizen, of the latter. Strabo and
267:
The city occupied a low rocky headland, now called Cape SchisĆ², formed by an ancient lava flow, immediately to the north of the Acesines (modern
391:
The 5th century BC was very turbulent for the city as confirmed by the archaeological record. It was one of the cities besieged and taken by
983:
301:
was found in the large sanctuary west of the Santa Venera river. The characters are written in the unique 7th c. BC script of Greek Naxos.
50:
1091:
962:
Pelagatti 1976-1977: P. Pelagatti, āLāattivitĆ del- la Soprintendenza alle AntichitĆ della Sicilia Orientaleā, Kokalos 22-23, 519-550.
478:
314:
Ancient writers agree that Naxos was the most ancient of all the Greek colonies in Sicily; it was founded in 734/5 BC, a year before
1586:
133:
430:
Naxians vigorously repulsed them, and in their turn inflicted heavy loss on the assailants. Naxos never recovered from this blow.
1419:
1159:
1079:
583:
1083:
1004:
631:
1454:
1449:
1263:
682:
Panhellenes at Methone: Jenny Strauss Clay, Irad Malkin, Yannis Z. Tzifopoulos, Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co, p 168
1601:
545:
1439:
1124:
1087:
1560:
1476:
534:
polygonal technique. They were up to 8 m high with the first 2 m of stone and the higher layer of mud bricks.
1466:
1461:
1230:
1202:
450:
1394:
1296:
665:
1273:
1057:
441:. Their position on this occasion preserved the Naxians from the fate which befell Agrigentum (modern
33:
1364:
465:
soon formed a new settlement on the nearby Mount Taurus and this gradually grew up into the city of
1486:
1389:
1283:
1240:
1179:
1142:
482:
392:
113:
1103:
530:
The city walls are visible on the south of the site and were built in the mid 6th c. BC using the
1548:
1543:
1538:
1331:
434:
426:
404:
422:
287:
There can be little doubt that the name was derived from the origin of the first colonists from
720:
xiv.88. Concerning the date of its foundation see Clinton, F. H. vol. i. p. 164; Eusebius
1444:
979:
531:
511:
268:
1434:
1429:
1349:
1212:
1109:
1075:
717:
537:
The city was completely rebuilt in about 470 BC probably by Hieron I of Syracuse with a new
204:
1424:
1316:
589:
486:
418:
256:
Much of the site has never been built on and parts have been excavated in recent years.
1409:
1154:
1137:
1065:
623:
542:
its type. Square bases, perhaps altars, mark each crossroads on its south east corner.
242:
228:
200:
109:
549:
Avenue A, one of the main streets running eastāwest. Constructed in the 5th century BC
1575:
1518:
1494:
999:
495:
238:
1553:
1344:
1187:
978:. Volume I: Europe (pp. 76 coin #727 and pp. 91, coin # 872). Seaby Ltd., London.
1017:
1169:
1149:
1115:
574:
538:
522:
466:
425:, the Naxians immediately joined their alliance. With them, as well as with the
1414:
1225:
613:
351:
259:
Its remains are open to the public and an on-site museum contains many finds.
148:
135:
1533:
1248:
1220:
1070:
510:
and streets found on the bedrock continuing the general line of the ancient
442:
363:, or returning from thence to Sicily, should offer sacrifice on this altar.
315:
279:
1508:
1503:
1384:
1339:
1321:
1164:
491:
470:
446:
438:
291:
in Greece. This has become even more definite since 1977 when the marble
246:
998: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
1528:
1513:
1471:
1399:
1377:
1354:
1301:
1291:
1268:
1253:
1192:
781:
474:
413:
376:
368:
335:
331:
323:
181:
212:
1311:
1197:
1049:
737:
713:
507:
462:
380:
372:
360:
356:
347:
327:
293:
250:
117:
1523:
1498:
1404:
1372:
1306:
544:
319:
288:
121:
1132:
400:
396:
298:
1021:
669:
506:
Some late Roman construction over the Greek ruins includes a
297:(or sacred stone) inscribed with a dedication to the goddess
232:
753:
Thucydides vi.3; Scymn. Ch. 283-86; Strabo vi. p. 268.
346:
as leader of the colony and founder of the city and as an
762:
Strabo vi. p. 268; Scymn. Ch. 286; Thucydides vi. 4.
449:; but they did not long enjoy this immunity. In 403 BC,
649:
647:
371:) in 730 BC; and this was speedily followed by that of
1485:
1363:
1330:
1282:
1239:
1211:
1178:
1123:
1056:
196:
188:
177:
172:
164:
127:
105:
828:Diodorus xiii.56, xiv.14; Thucydides iii.86, iv.25
399:, in 492/1 BC. It passed under the authority of
1033:
8:
490:stood, and are mentioned in the war between
19:
1612:Ancient Greek archaeological sites in Italy
1040:
1026:
1018:
604:Greek Silver Tetradrachm of Naxos (Sicily)
32:
18:
592:minted in Naxos from the 6th century BC.
577:minted in Naxos from the 5th century BC.
521:
278:
211:
1010:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography
970:
968:
643:
564:
330:, with whom were mingled, according to
1582:8th-century BC establishments in Italy
771:Strabo vi. p. 272; Scymn. Ch. 286
85:
57:
283:The Cippus from the western sanctuary
7:
782:http://www.jstor.org/stable/24653576
716:vi. p. 267; Scymn. Ch. 270-77;
855:Diodorus xiii.4; Thucydides vi. 50
16:Ancient Greek city state in Sicily
14:
1592:Euboean colonies of Magna Graecia
1597:Former populated places in Italy
1114:
1108:
1102:
993:
616:
597:
582:
567:
84:
77:
56:
49:
241:, presently situated in modern
237:) was an ancient Greek city of
1607:Archaeological sites in Sicily
1420:Roman amphitheatre of Syracuse
1160:Polizzello archaeological site
481:, the father of the historian
1:
976:Greek Coins and Their Values
1007:, ed. (1854ā1857). "Naxos".
632:List of ancient Greek cities
1264:Ancient theatre of Taormina
1203:Sant'Ippolito (Caltagirone)
882:Diodorus xiv.14, 15, 66, 68
1628:
670:
233:
1440:Greek Theatre of Syracuse
1125:Province of Caltanissetta
1100:
43:
31:
24:
1587:Ancient cities in Sicily
1561:Roman furnaces in Alcamo
1477:Villa Romana del Tellaro
1048:Archaeological sites in
709:Thucydides vi.3; Ephor.
1467:Necropolis of Pantalica
1462:Necropolis of Cassibile
1231:Villa Romana del Casale
1092:Temple of Olympian Zeus
974:Sear, David R. (1978).
1395:Colonne di San Basilio
1013:. London: John Murray.
666:Stephanus of Byzantium
550:
527:
284:
217:
93:Naxos (Sicily) (Italy)
1274:Villa Romana di Patti
1058:Province of Agrigento
653:Hellanicus FGrH 4 F82
548:
525:
451:Dionysius of Syracuse
282:
249:on the east coast of
215:
149:37.82306Ā°N 15.27333Ā°E
1365:Province of Syracuse
691:Hellanicus FGrH4 F82
318:, by colonists from
1514:Grotta del Genovese
1487:Province of Trapani
1390:Cava del Rivettazzo
1297:Grotta dell'Addaura
1284:Province of Palermo
1241:Province of Messina
1180:Province of Catania
1143:Greek baths of Gela
1080:Temple of Concordia
891:Diodoros xiv.58, 59
526:Polygonal city wall
145: /
114:Province of Messina
65:Shown within Sicily
21:
1332:Province of Ragusa
1084:Temple of Heracles
864:Thucydides vii. 57
700:Thucydides VI.3.1.
551:
528:
498:in Sicily, 36 BC.
435:Reggio di Calabria
285:
218:
154:37.82306; 15.27333
68:Show map of Sicily
1602:Greek city-states
1569:
1568:
1445:Grotta del Ninfeo
837:Thucydides iii.86
792:Herodotus vii.154
736:Thucydides vi.3;
403:then his brother
401:Gelon of Syracuse
357:Apollo Archegetes
216:Ancient Naxos map
210:
209:
96:Show map of Italy
1619:
1455:Temple of Apollo
1450:Temple of Athena
1435:Galermi Aqueduct
1430:Ear of Dionysius
1213:Province of Enna
1118:
1112:
1106:
1076:Valle dei Templi
1042:
1035:
1028:
1019:
1014:
997:
996:
986:
972:
963:
960:
954:
951:
945:
938:
932:
925:
919:
916:
910:
909:Diodoros xiv. 87
907:
901:
898:
892:
889:
883:
880:
874:
873:Diodorus xiii.56
871:
865:
862:
856:
853:
847:
846:Thucydides iv.25
844:
838:
835:
829:
826:
820:
817:
811:
808:
802:
799:
793:
790:
784:
778:
772:
769:
763:
760:
754:
751:
745:
734:
728:
718:Diodorus Siculus
707:
701:
698:
692:
689:
683:
680:
674:
673:
672:
660:
654:
651:
626:
621:
620:
619:
601:
586:
571:
338:. He also named
236:
235:
205:Classical Greece
160:
159:
157:
156:
155:
150:
146:
143:
142:
141:
138:
97:
88:
87:
81:
69:
60:
59:
53:
36:
22:
1627:
1626:
1622:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1617:
1616:
1572:
1571:
1570:
1565:
1481:
1425:Altar of Hieron
1359:
1326:
1278:
1235:
1207:
1174:
1119:
1113:
1107:
1098:
1052:
1046:
1003:
994:
990:
989:
973:
966:
961:
957:
952:
948:
939:
935:
926:
922:
917:
913:
908:
904:
900:Diodorus xiv.88
899:
895:
890:
886:
881:
877:
872:
868:
863:
859:
854:
850:
845:
841:
836:
832:
827:
823:
818:
814:
809:
805:
800:
796:
791:
787:
779:
775:
770:
766:
761:
757:
752:
748:
735:
731:
708:
704:
699:
695:
690:
686:
681:
677:
661:
657:
652:
645:
640:
622:
617:
615:
612:
605:
602:
593:
587:
578:
572:
560:
520:
504:
487:Pliny the Elder
459:
389:
379:both represent
312:
307:
277:
265:
153:
151:
147:
144:
139:
136:
134:
132:
131:
101:
100:
99:
98:
95:
94:
91:
90:
89:
72:
71:
70:
67:
66:
63:
62:
61:
39:
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1625:
1623:
1615:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1574:
1573:
1567:
1566:
1564:
1563:
1558:
1557:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1491:
1489:
1483:
1482:
1480:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1458:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1412:
1410:Megara Hyblaea
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1381:
1380:
1369:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1336:
1334:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1288:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1277:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1245:
1243:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1217:
1215:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1184:
1182:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1155:Monte Bubbonia
1152:
1147:
1146:
1145:
1140:
1138:Bosco Littorio
1129:
1127:
1121:
1120:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1096:
1095:
1094:
1088:Temple of Juno
1068:
1066:Heraclea Minoa
1062:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1047:
1045:
1044:
1037:
1030:
1022:
1016:
1015:
1005:Smith, William
988:
987:
964:
955:
946:
933:
920:
918:Diodorus xvi.7
911:
902:
893:
884:
875:
866:
857:
848:
839:
830:
821:
819:Diodorus xi.76
812:
803:
801:Diodorus xi.49
794:
785:
773:
764:
755:
746:
729:
702:
693:
684:
675:
655:
642:
641:
639:
636:
635:
634:
628:
627:
624:History portal
611:
608:
607:
606:
603:
596:
594:
588:
581:
579:
573:
566:
559:
556:
519:
516:
503:
500:
458:
455:
388:
387:5th century BC
385:
350:by birth; but
334:, a number of
322:in Greece and
311:
308:
306:
303:
276:
273:
264:
261:
243:Giardini Naxos
208:
207:
201:Archaic Greece
198:
194:
193:
190:
186:
185:
179:
175:
174:
170:
169:
166:
162:
161:
129:
125:
124:
110:Giardini Naxos
107:
103:
102:
92:
83:
82:
76:
75:
74:
73:
64:
55:
54:
48:
47:
46:
45:
44:
41:
40:
38:Walls of Naxos
37:
29:
28:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1624:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1577:
1562:
1559:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1536:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1519:Monte Polizzo
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1484:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1379:
1376:
1375:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1362:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1329:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1238:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1216:
1214:
1210:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1177:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1135:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1122:
1117:
1111:
1105:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1043:
1038:
1036:
1031:
1029:
1024:
1023:
1020:
1012:
1011:
1006:
1001:
1000:public domain
992:
991:
985:
984:0 900652 46 2
981:
977:
971:
969:
965:
959:
956:
950:
947:
943:
937:
934:
931:iii. 8. s. 14
930:
924:
921:
915:
912:
906:
903:
897:
894:
888:
885:
879:
876:
870:
867:
861:
858:
852:
849:
843:
840:
834:
831:
825:
822:
816:
813:
807:
804:
798:
795:
789:
786:
783:
777:
774:
768:
765:
759:
756:
750:
747:
743:
739:
733:
730:
726:
723:
719:
715:
712:
706:
703:
697:
694:
688:
685:
679:
676:
667:
664:
659:
656:
650:
648:
644:
637:
633:
630:
629:
625:
614:
609:
600:
595:
591:
585:
580:
576:
570:
565:
563:
557:
555:
547:
543:
540:
535:
533:
524:
517:
515:
513:
509:
501:
499:
497:
496:Sextus Pompey
493:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
456:
454:
452:
448:
445:), Gela, and
444:
440:
439:Carthaginians
436:
431:
428:
424:
420:
415:
409:
406:
402:
398:
394:
386:
384:
382:
378:
377:Scymnus Chius
374:
370:
364:
362:
358:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
309:
304:
302:
300:
296:
295:
290:
281:
274:
272:
270:
262:
260:
257:
254:
252:
248:
244:
240:
239:Magna Graecia
230:
226:
222:
214:
206:
202:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
180:
176:
171:
167:
163:
158:
130:
126:
123:
119:
115:
111:
108:
104:
80:
52:
42:
35:
30:
23:
1554:Cave di Cusa
1345:Hybla Heraea
1258:
1188:Aetna (city)
1008:
975:
958:
949:
941:
936:
928:
923:
914:
905:
896:
887:
878:
869:
860:
851:
842:
833:
824:
815:
806:
797:
788:
776:
767:
758:
749:
741:
732:
724:
721:
710:
705:
696:
687:
678:
662:
658:
561:
552:
536:
529:
505:
460:
432:
410:
395:, despot of
390:
365:
343:
339:
313:
292:
286:
266:
258:
255:
224:
220:
219:
1170:Vassallaggi
1150:Gibil Gabib
575:Tetradrachm
539:Hippodamian
479:Andromachus
467:Tauromenium
457:Tauromenium
393:Hippocrates
152: /
128:Coordinates
1576:Categories
1415:Syrakousai
1226:Morgantina
727:01. 11. 1.
638:References
469:, (modern
423:Charoeades
352:Thucydides
310:Foundation
271:) stream.
182:Chalcidean
168:Settlement
140:15Ā°16ā²24ā³E
137:37Ā°49ā²23ā³N
1534:Selinunte
1249:Abacaenum
1221:Centuripe
532:Cyclopean
443:Agrigento
316:Syracusae
269:Alcantara
184:colonists
1549:Temple F
1544:Temple E
1539:Temple C
1509:Halyciae
1504:Drepanum
1385:Casmenae
1350:Kamarina
1340:Akrillai
1322:Soluntum
1165:Sabucina
940:Appian,
610:See also
518:The site
512:stenopos
492:Octavian
471:Taormina
447:Camarina
427:Rhegians
348:Athenian
340:Theocles
263:Location
247:Taormina
106:Location
1529:Segesta
1472:Thapsos
1400:Helorus
1378:Santoni
1355:Kaukana
1302:Hippana
1292:Entella
1269:Tindari
1254:Halaesa
1071:Akragas
1002::
927:Pliny,
744:v. 109.
558:Coinage
483:Timaeus
475:Milazzo
369:Lentini
344:Thucles
336:Ionians
332:Ephorus
324:Chalcis
305:History
197:Periods
189:Founded
178:Builder
173:History
1317:Pirama
1312:Himera
1198:Palike
1193:KatƔne
1050:Sicily
982:
944:v. 109
738:Appian
722:Chron.
714:Strabo
671:Ī§Ī±Ī»ĪŗĪÆĻ
668:s. v.
590:Drachm
508:mansio
463:Siculi
419:Laches
405:Hieron
381:Zancle
373:Catana
361:Greece
328:Euboea
294:cippus
251:Sicily
192:734 BC
118:Sicily
1524:Motya
1499:Erice
1405:Netum
1373:Akrai
1307:Ietas
1259:Naxos
502:Roman
414:Doric
342:, or
320:Naxos
289:Naxos
245:near
234:ĪĪ¬Ī¾ĪæĻ
229:Greek
225:Naxus
221:Naxos
122:Italy
26:ĪĪ¬Ī¾ĪæĻ
20:Naxos
1495:Eryx
1133:Gela
980:ISBN
942:B.C.
929:N.H.
742:B.C.
711:apud
663:Apud
494:and
461:The
421:and
397:Gela
299:Enyo
275:Name
165:Type
326:in
223:or
203:to
1578::
1090:-
1086:-
1082:-
1078:-
967:^
740:,
725:ad
646:^
514:.
253:.
231::
120:,
116:,
112:,
1497:/
1041:e
1034:t
1027:v
227:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
