515:"The most important work of the late Nazem al-Atebba, which occupied his mind until the end of his life, even three hours before sunset on Monday, June 9, 1924 (26 Dhu al-Qi'dah 1342 AH), when he passed away in Tehran at the age of 79 after several days of being bedridden due to dysentery, is this very book. He spent more than 25 years of his life writing it. Nazem al-Atebba displayed extraordinary perseverance, dedication, and patience in writing this book. For twenty-five full years, after completing his medical duties, he would go to his library and continue working on it. To illustrate his passion and commitment to this task, it is worth remembering that at the age of 55, he began learning English to consult English references for his book. Moreover, as a result of sitting for long hours day and night without any physical activity while working on the project, he developed gangrene in his thighs, which he had to treat for some time."
44:
696:
356:, who passed away at a young age, leaving him with two children. One of the children died in infancy, and the other, Ali-Asghar Nafisi, later became the first Minister of Health in Iran. His second wife also died young and did not leave any children. His third wife, Jalileh Jamal al-Dowleh, came from the
848:
History of
Medicine and Medical Practice in Iran According to Documents (From the Qajar Era to the End of Reza Shah's Era), researched and written by Mohsen Roustaei, published by the Organization of Documents and National Library of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, 2003, Volume 2: Biographies
288:
During a time when famine and various diseases had spread through Tehran In 1871, Nafisi made significant efforts to treat the sick and spent four months working at the Tehran State
Hospital, serving the poor. Finally in 1872, he graduated from his medical studies.
382:
In addition to spending fifty-seven years treating patients day and night, a duty he continued even when he was frail in his later years, Nazem al-Atebba devoted any free time he had to writing and translating (from French) in his field and in other sciences.
332:
in 1881; Under
Sepahsalar's orders, Nafisi renovated the Mashhad Hospital which had fallen into disrepair, following European hospital principles. In recognition of his services during this mission, he was awarded the rank of Sartip (equivalent to
250:. His father, Mirza Hassan Tabib Kermani, like his ancestors, practiced medicine. His family, known as the Nafisi family of Kerman, had been involved in medical science for several centuries, with their lineage tracing back to
285:. His talent and dedication were such that he was soon selected as an assistant to his professors. In 1868, while still a student at Dar ul-Funun, he was chosen to serve as a physician for the Engineering Corps of the army.
261:
Nafisi completed his early education in Kerman, learning the basics of sciences and medicine from his father and other doctors of the time. However, due to his natural inclination and talent, he was more interested in
567:
585:
448:
a large book in 957 folios covering
Therapeutics and Materia Medica, completed in December 1896, which became a reference for Iranian physicians and pharmacists during the late Qajar and early Pahlavi periods.
470:“A brief treatise on the conditions for maintaining health and preventing the spread of infectious diseases, including the treatment of cholera, as dictated by me and written by Ali Akbar Tabib.”
340:
He also founded the Sharaf School (مدرسه شرف) in 1897, which he ran until 1906 without financial compensation. He covered most of the school's expenses, running it in a modern manner.
301:
decided to establish a hospital in Tehran modeled on
European institutions. He chose Nafisi to lead this project. Until 1881, Nafisi was in charge of this hospital, known as the
270:. The governor of Kerman, Mohammad Ismail Khan Vakil al-Molk (known as Vakil al-Molk I), recognizing Mirza Ali Akbar's potential, encouraged him to pursue medical studies.
371:, a renowned scholar. His daughters were Tourandokht and Hamdam ol-Molouk, and his other sons were Hossein Nafisi (Mosharraf al-Dowleh) and Fath-Allah Nafisi.
495:, containing 158,431 entries, 58,879 of which were Persian words. Nazem al-Atebba was so dedicated to this project that, at the age of 55, he began learning
464:
outbreak in 1906, this treatise was published at that time. To encourage and promote one of his students, Nazem al-Atebba attributed the work to his pupil
538:
43:
951:
926:
616:
N., Shams al-din. "بررسی زندگی میرزاعلی اکبرخان نفیسی کرمانی (ناظم الاطبا) و فرهنگ او" [The life and works of Mirza Ali Akbar Khan Nafisi].
226:
He authored numerous medical works, and his most notable non-medical achievement is a comprehensive four-volume
Persian lexicon, widely known as
374:
On Monday, June 9, 1924 (26 Dhu al-Qi'dah 1342 AH), he passed away in Tehran at the age of 79 after several days of illness due to dysentery.
946:
941:
783:
729:
Moini, R. (2020). "مروری بر زندگی و آثار اطبای شاخص خاندان نفیسی و بررسی نقش آنان در تاریخ پزشکی ایران از قرن 9 تا 14 قمری".
911:
483:, a four-volume Persian lexicon. He worked on this dictionary for over 25 years, and it was published during the reign of
353:
936:
321:
201:
393:, his first book and the first translation from French, completed on the night of February 14, 1888, in the village of
310:
282:
906:
197:
931:
298:
278:
251:
98:
921:
916:
488:
361:
357:
779:
638:
Azizi, M H (2007). "The historical backgrounds of the ministry of health foundation in Iran".
334:
325:
881:
496:
492:
155:
360:
and, through her mother, was the granddaughter of Mirza Fath-Allah Nouri, the nephew of
192:), was an Iranian physician, scholar, and one of the most prominent doctors of the late
435:
900:
763:
504:
368:
235:
163:
135:
309:(حکیمباشی; lit. Chief Physician). Later in 1876, he also played a role alongside
254:, one of the most famous physicians of the 15th century and a court physician for
876:
219:. He was also one of the founders of the first assembly of experts for health,
263:
193:
61:
207:
Nazem al-Atebba played a crucial role in establishing several
European-style
484:
305:(مریضخانه دولتی; lit. State Hospital), and for this, he earned the title of
255:
401:
A book on
Pathology and Clinical Surgery (کتابی در پاتولوژی و کلینیک جراحی)
394:
267:
208:
461:
329:
223:(مجلس حفظالصحة; lit. Health Preservation Council) in Iranian history.
216:
815:
771:
662:
Motamedi, E. (2004). "ترویج علم: از انجمن معارف تا انجمن ترویج علم".
458:
Treatise on the Last
Cholera Outbreak (رساله در آخرین دورهٔ بروز وبا)
274:
247:
212:
75:
57:
200:
and was an influential figure in persuading the Shah to sign the
819:
775:
246:
Nafisi was born on March 12, 1847 (17 Rabi al-Thani 1263 AH) in
79:
499:
to access the necessary resources for compiling the dictionary.
397:
near
Esfahan. All his later works were written after this date.
367:
Jalileh Khanom had four sons and two daughters. The eldest was
491:, it was considered the most comprehensive dictionary of the
822:: Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences.
313:
in forming the first assembly of experts for health or
297:
After returning from his first trip to Europe in 1873,
849:
of Famous and Unknown Iranian Physicians, pp. 591-600
422:
Another treatise on Anatomy (رسالهای دیگر در تشریح).
427:
Two treatises on Indigestion (دو رساله در سوء هضم).
141:
130:
120:
112:
104:
94:
86:
68:
50:
21:
417:A treatise on Therapeutics (رسالهای در تراپوتیک).
234:. He was also the father of the renowned scholar,
697:"پیشگام آموزش نوین و فرهنگ نویسی در زبان پارسی"
348:Nazem al-Atebba first married a woman from the
324:(the governor of Khorasan and custodian of the
452:Booklet of Language Learning (نامهٔ زبانآموز)
171:
8:
434:, a book modeled after the French physician
832:محمداسماعیل خان وکیلالملک ، وکیلالملک اول
806:Kazemi, A. "دکتر میرزا علیاکبرخان نفیسی".
177:
412:A treatise on Surgery (رسالهای در جراحی).
407:A treatise on Physics (رسالهای در فیزیک).
42:
18:
475:His most notable non-medical work is the
162:; March 12, 1847 – June 14, 1924), known
16:Iranian physician and scholar (1847–1924)
808:Philosophy and history of medical ethics
530:
442:, completed by Nazem al-Atebba in 1889.
391:A book on Anatomy (کتابی در علم تشریح )
273:In 1865, at the age of 19, he moved to
196:. He served as a personal physician to
879:(2011). "کتابشناسی آثار سعید نفیسی".
844:
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562:
560:
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172:
159:
768:Biography of Ali Akbar Khan Nafisi
570:[About Ali Akbar Nafisi].
446:Medical Encyclopedia (پزشکینامه )
14:
134:6, including Ali-Asghar Nafisi,
126:Farhang-e Nafisi Persian Lexicon
952:20th-century Iranian physicians
927:19th-century Iranian physicians
466:Mirza Asadollah Jalil al-Atebba
507:, in the preface he wrote for
1:
731:Medical History (تاریخ پزشکی)
586:"درباره میرزا علی اکبر نفیسی"
568:"درباره میرزا علی اکبر نفیسی"
539:"علی اکبر نفیسی - ویکی فقه"
354:Mohammad-Ali Mirza Dowlatshah
322:Mirza Hossein Khan Sepahsalar
202:Constitutional Decree of Iran
947:20th-century Iranian writers
942:19th-century Iranian writers
640:Archives of Iranian Medicine
487:. Before the publication of
187:superintendent of physicians
770:(in Persian) (5 ed.).
386:Some of his works include:
152:Mirza Ali Akbar Khan Nafisi
968:
701:The Encyclopaedia Islamica
572:The Encyclopaedia Islamica
145:Mirza Hassan Tabib Kermani
481:Farhang-e Nazem al-Atebba
228:Farhang-e Nazem al-Atebba
41:
34:
858:Yaghmaei, Iqbal (1976).
468:, stating in the title:
460:written during the last
281:to study medicine under
242:Early life and education
35:
352:family, descendants of
299:Naser al-Din Shah Qajar
160:میرزا علیاکبرخان نفیسی
36:میرزا علیاکبرخان نفیسی
517:
432:Negotiations (مذاکرات)
315:Majles-e Hefz-e Sehhat
311:Joseph Désiré Tholozan
283:Joseph Désiré Tholozan
221:Majles-e Hefz-e Sehhat
116:Qajar era, Pahlavi era
513:
489:Dehkhoda’s dictionary
252:Burhan-ud-din Kermani
99:Dar ul-Funun (Persia)
26:Ali Akbar Khan Nafisi
912:People of Qajar Iran
277:and enrolled in the
198:Mozaffar ad-Din Shah
937:Dar ul-Funun alumni
454:on Persian grammar.
362:Mirza Aqa Khan Nuri
358:Khajeh Nouri family
320:Nafisi accompanied
907:People from Kerman
618:Miskawayh Biannual
108:Physician, scholar
864:Education Journal
676:فرهنگ ناظمالاطبا
335:Brigadier General
326:Astan Quds Razavi
303:Marikhaneh dolati
149:
148:
959:
932:Iranian scholars
891:
890:
882:Bukhara magazine
873:
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664:Rahyaft (رهیافت)
659:
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635:
626:
625:
613:
594:
593:
582:
576:
575:
564:
553:
552:
550:
549:
535:
509:Farhang-e Nafisi
493:Persian language
479:, also known as
477:Farhang-e Nafisi
232:Farhang-e Nafisi
191:
188:
185:
182:
179:
175:
174:
161:
123:
46:
19:
967:
966:
962:
961:
960:
958:
957:
956:
897:
896:
895:
894:
875:
874:
870:
866:(135): 436–444.
860:"Sharaf School"
857:
853:
847:
836:
831:
827:
805:
804:
793:
786:
762:
761:
738:
728:
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708:
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584:
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579:
566:
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537:
536:
532:
527:
522:
436:Auguste Corlieu
380:
346:
295:
244:
189:
186:
183:
180:
168:Nazem al-Atebba
121:
95:Alma mater
82:
73:
64:
55:
37:
30:
29:Nazem al-Atebba
27:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
965:
963:
955:
954:
949:
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939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
899:
898:
893:
892:
868:
851:
834:
825:
791:
784:
736:
706:
695:Irandoust, S.
687:
678:
669:
649:
627:
624:(12): 179–210.
595:
577:
554:
543:fa.wikifeqh.ir
529:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
501:
500:
473:
455:
449:
443:
429:
424:
419:
414:
409:
404:
398:
379:
378:Literary works
376:
345:
342:
294:
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243:
240:
147:
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132:
128:
127:
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39:
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32:
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28:
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15:
13:
10:
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6:
4:
3:
2:
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829:
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800:
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792:
787:
785:9780000103987
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
764:Nafisi, Saeed
759:
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749:
747:
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641:
634:
632:
628:
623:
619:
612:
610:
608:
606:
604:
602:
600:
596:
592:(in Persian).
591:
587:
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531:
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344:Personal life
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169:
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105:Occupation(s)
103:
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97:
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89:
85:
81:
77:
71:
67:
63:
59:
53:
49:
45:
40:
33:
20:
886:
880:
877:Iraj, Afshar
871:
863:
859:
854:
828:
811:
807:
767:
733:(44): 52–71.
730:
700:
690:
681:
672:
663:
643:
639:
621:
617:
589:
580:
571:
546:. Retrieved
542:
533:
514:
508:
505:Saeed Nafisi
502:
480:
476:
469:
465:
457:
451:
445:
440:Aide-Mémoire
439:
431:
426:
421:
416:
411:
406:
400:
390:
385:
381:
373:
369:Saeed Nafisi
366:
349:
347:
339:
319:
314:
306:
302:
296:
287:
279:Dar ul-Funun
272:
260:
245:
236:Saeed Nafisi
231:
227:
225:
220:
206:
194:Qajar period
173:ناظمالاطباء
167:
164:mononymously
151:
150:
136:Saeed Nafisi
122:Notable work
922:1924 deaths
917:1847 births
778:: Khayyam.
685:فرهنگ نفیسی
666:(33): 4–15.
350:Dowlatshahi
317:in Tehran.
307:Hakim Bashi
87:Citizenship
72:1924|06|-14
901:Categories
889:: 227–348.
548:2024-09-24
525:References
264:philosophy
62:Qajar Iran
54:1847|03|12
520:Resources
503:His son,
485:Reza Shah
256:Ulugh Beg
209:hospitals
766:(1965).
395:Shahreza
268:theology
131:Children
511:, says:
497:English
462:cholera
330:Mashhad
217:Mashhad
181:
156:Persian
90:Iranian
816:Tabriz
782:
772:Tehran
293:Career
275:Tehran
248:Kerman
213:Tehran
142:Father
76:Tehran
58:Kerman
814:(3).
646:(10).
590:ایرنا
328:) to
23:Mirza
820:Iran
780:ISBN
776:Iran
266:and
215:and
178:lit.
80:Iran
69:Died
51:Born
438:’s
337:).
230:or
211:in
166:as
113:Era
903::
887:82
885:.
862:,
837:^
818:,
810:.
794:^
774:,
739:^
709:^
699:.
652:^
642:.
630:^
620:.
598:^
588:.
557:^
541:.
364:.
258:.
238:.
204:.
176:,
158::
78:,
60:,
812:5
788:.
703:.
644:1
622:4
574:.
551:.
472:.
403:.
190:'
184:'
170:(
154:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
