Nazgûl - Knowledge (XXG)

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swords. She notes that only a person in a body can wield the One Ring, so the invisibility is just "a trick of sight". When Frodo, wearing the Ring, saw the Nazgûl in the "twilight world", they appeared solid, not shadowy. He also saw Glorfindel in that world, as a figure of white flame; and Gandalf explains later that the Ringwraiths were "dismayed" to see "an Elf-lord revealed in his wrath". Frodo is in danger of "fading" permanently into invisibility and the twilight world, as the Ringwraiths have done, living "in another mode of reality". She writes, too, that Merry's sword, with the special power to sever the Witch-king's "undead flesh" and in particular to overcome the "spell that knit his unseen sinews to his will", has in fact to cut through real, but invisible, sinews and flesh.

999: 1266:, the men who became the Nazgûl are said to have been buried and sealed within the invented High Fells of Rhudaur. In the first film, Radagast briefly encounters the Witch-king while investigating Dol Guldur, and gives the Nazgûl's Morgul dagger to Gandalf to present at the White Council as proof of their return. In the second film, at Galadriel's behest, Gandalf heads to the High Fells and finds that all the Nazgûl have left the tomb. This confirms the Necromancer's identity as Sauron, as the Nazgûl appear alongside their master in the third film in spectral forms wearing Morgul armour and fight Elrond and Saruman before being driven away by Galadriel. 677:, with no link to Sauron. However, Tolkien was at the time starting to consider the true nature of the Ring, and the idea that it had been made by the Necromancer, and drew itself or its bearer back to him. The Black Riders became Ringwraiths when the hobbit, at that time called Bingo rather than Frodo, discussed the Riders with the Elf Gildor, later in the same chapter. Over the next three years, Tolkien gradually developed the connections between the Nazgûl, the One Ring, Sauron, and all the other Rings of Power. The pieces finally all came together when Tolkien wrote "The Mirror of Galadriel", some hundreds of pages later, around the autumn of 1941. 270:

they could see things in worlds invisible to mortal men; but too often they beheld only the phantoms and delusions of Sauron. And one by one, sooner or later, according to their native strength and to the good or evil of their wills in the beginning, they fell under the thraldom of the ring that they bore and of the domination of the One which was Sauron's. And they became forever invisible save to him that wore the Ruling Ring, and they entered into the realm of shadows. The Nazgûl were they, the Ringwraiths, the Úlairi, the Enemy's most terrible servants; darkness went with them, and they cried with the voices of death.

580: 920: 490: 837: 3575: 361: 1243:. All nine Nazgûl are shown riding winged monsters. Jackson's monsters explicitly differ from Tolkien's description in that they have teeth instead of beaks. The Nazgûl use them in battle more extensively than in the book. In the film the Witch-king's mount is largely responsible for the death of Théoden and his horse Snowmane, a departure from the book. As confirmed in the films' 699:) in the story. At one level, they serve simply as story elements, dangerous opponents. But, Shippey notes, the level rises from the romantic, with heroes taking on the Black Riders, to the mythic, giving as example the assault of Minas Tirith. The leader of the Nazgûl directs the attack on the Great Gate; he bursts the gate using both the battering-ram Grond, written with " 941:

diabolical", rather than developing their character. Walker sees this as appropriate in psychological terms: the Nazgûl's main weapons are psychological, namely fear and despair. He writes that the progressive revelation of their capabilities, and their "escalation of steeds" from horses to fell beasts, builds up in the reader's mind an "increasingly infernal vision".

967:, leading to death". She comments that the Black Breath, contracted by "excessive proximity" to a Nazgûl, seems to be a "spiritual malady" combined with "fear, confusion, reduced levels of consciousness, hypothermia, weakness and death." Faramir, on the other hand, who was thought to be suffering from the Black Breath, she diagnoses as most likely exhaustion with 1213:, the Nazgûl are almost always concealed by cloaks; they attack the inn at Bree themselves. During the siege of Minas Tirith, the Witch-king wears a distinctive helmet over his hood resembling a mask and a crown, rather than the crown worn underneath his hood in the book. Their shrieks are distorted recordings of producer and screenwriter 1105: 1221: 651:, "Odin's eight-legged otherworldly horse". She writes that whereas Gandalf's horse Shadowfax resembles Sleipnir in his miraculous speed and in almost seeming to fly, the Nazgûl's mount actually flies but is a "negative image" of Odin's steed; and, she notes, both Odin and the Nazgûl can cause blindness. 1090:

that the Nazgûl were contaminated and enslaved by a monstrous form of radioactivity which transformed "the very cells of their protoplasm". They thereby became radioactive and "immune to radiation poisoning, as is shown by their dwelling in the blasted tower of Minas Ithil ." Further, Bradley writes,

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Michael and Victoria Wodzak discuss how the hobbit Merry Brandybuck can be affected by the Black Breath when the Witch-King has not noticed him, pointing out that Tolkien nowhere says that the Nazgûl breathes on him or on Éowyn. Instead Éowyn "raised her shield against the horror of her enemy's eye",

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Despite his shadowiness and invisibility, Shippey writes, the Nazgûl on the Pelennor Fields also comes as close as he ever does to seeming human, having human form inside his black robes, carrying a sword, and laughing to reveal his power when he throws back his hood, revealing a king's crown on his

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with no conception of Black Riders at all. The horseman in dark clothes in the early chapter "Three is Company" was originally Gandalf; in 1938, Tolkien called the figure's transformation into a Black Rider "an unpremeditated turn". Frodo's ring, too, was simply a magic ring conferring invisibility,

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The Nazgûl had a sharp sense of smell. Their sight worked differently, too: "They themselves do not see the world of light as we do, but our shapes cast shadows in their minds, which only the noon sun destroys; and in the dark they perceive many signs and forms that are hidden from us: then they are

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became mighty in their day, kings, sorcerers, and warriors of old. They obtained glory and great wealth, yet it turned to their downfall. They had, as it seemed, unending life, yet life became unendurable to them. They could walk, if they would, unseen by all eyes in this world beneath the sun, and

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Yvette Kisor, a scholar of literature, writes that while the Ringwraiths and others (like Frodo) who wear Rings of Power become invisible, they do not lose any of their corporeality, being present as physical bodies. They require, she writes, physical steeds to carry them about, and they can wield

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The Nazgûl came again ... like vultures that expect their fill of doomed men's flesh. Out of sight and shot they flew, and yet were ever present, and their deadly voices rent the air. More unbearable they became, not less, at each new cry. At length even the stout-hearted would fling themselves to

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She also performed with Naked Spots Dance, another punk band. (It was probably good practice for what 'Rings' fans know as the "Nazgul scream", a high-pitched screech made by Tolkien's evil Ringwraiths and performed by Ms. Walsh. "I'm a very good screamer", she said by telephone. "It's not that I

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Tolkien in some places stated that the Ringwraiths wore their rings, and in others that Sauron kept control by holding the rings himself: "They would have obeyed . . . any minor command of his that did not interfere with their errand — laid upon them by Sauron, who still through their nine rings

565:, Sauron, finally realizing his peril, orders the remaining eight Nazgûl to fly to intercept him. They arrive too late: Gollum seizes the Ring and falls into the Cracks of Doom, destroying the Ring. That ends Sauron's power and everything he had brought into being using it, including the Nazgûl. 940:

Steve Walker, a Tolkien scholar, writes that the story gives the Ringwraiths credibility through a "gradual incarnation of bodiless presence". Little by little, in his view, Tolkien increases the reader's insight into their nature, starting with Black Riders who are "spies more human than

475:'s flesh. During their assault, they mentally command Frodo to put on the One Ring; while wearing it, he sees them as pale figures robed in white, with "haggard hands", helmets and swords. The Witch-king was taller than the others, with "long and gleaming" hair and a crown on his helmet. 2820:

To better distinguish him from his fellow Nazgul, the Witch-king was given additional armor and a large, pointed helm. In the novels, whenever his hood is thrown back, he is described as wearing a king's crown, which floats atop his invisible head and his burning eyes of

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most to be feared." Their chief weapon was terror; it was so powerful that Sauron faced one disadvantage when using them: they could not easily travel in secret. The terror they spread was greater when they were unclad and invisible; and when they were gathered together.

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Now, I should add that while eight of the nine Nazgûl are skeletons with beautiful heads of white hair riding on flying horses, the Witch-king is more traditionally invisible. ... The Witch-king does finally appear, riding a decently dragonish fell beast rather than a

1897:, book 5, ch. 6, "The Battle of the Pelennor Fields". "There they had been mustered for the sack of the City and the rape of Gondor, waiting on the call of their Captain. He now was destroyed; but Gothmog the lieutenant of Morgul had flung them into the fray..." 727:

as "a philological curiosity", replying that to him this is "precisely one of its greatest strengths". Fisher explores in detail the connotations of Tolkien's use of "Ringwraith" and its Black Speech translation "Nazgûl", both in languages that Tolkien knew and

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Bakshi's Nazgûl shamble and limp like zombies, giving them a truly creepy feeling. Understandably unsettled, the hobbits decide to skip Buckland—and also the Old Forest, Tom Bombadil's house, and the Barrow-downs—and head straight to The Prancing Pony in

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a winged creature: if bird, then greater than all other birds, and it was naked, and neither quill nor feather did it bear, and its vast pinions were as webs of hide between horned fingers; and it stank. A creature of an older world maybe it was

543:, a hobbit of the Company. Éowyn boldly calls the Nazgûl a "dwimmerlaik", telling him to go if he is not deathless. He casts back his hood to reveal a crown, but the head that wears it is invisible. Merry's surreptitious stroke with an enchanted 5313: 1303: 551:, to drive her sword between his crown and mantle. Thus is the Witch-king destroyed by a woman and a Hobbit, fulfilling Glorfindel's prophecy. Both weapons that pierced him disintegrate, and both assailants are stricken with the Black Breath. 504:

the ground as the hidden menace passed over them, or they would stand, letting their weapons fall from nerveless hands while into their minds a blackness came, and they thought no more of war, but only of hiding and of crawling, and of death.

448:, has acquired the One Ring. Sauron entrusts its recovery to the Nazgûl. They reappear "west of the River", riding black horses that were bred or trained in Mordor to endure their terror. They learn that the Ring has passed to Bilbo's heir, 347:

The Nine soon became Sauron's principal servants. They were dispersed after the first overthrow of Sauron late in the Second Age at the hands of the Last Alliance of Elves and Men, but their survival was assured by the power of the

1380:(which he held) had primary control of their wills". They were by far the most powerful of his servants, and the most suitable for such a mission, since they were entirely enslaved to their Nine Rings, which he now himself held. 1290:

is revealed to be one of the Nazgûl before he is killed by the game's protagonist, Talion. Talion takes Isildur's ring to prolong his life and eventually becomes Isildur's replacement until the demise of the Nazgûl in the

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The Nazgûl spread terror and despair among their enemies, and discomfit those on their own side. The Black Breath is stated to have afflicted many during the Battle of the Pelennor Fields. Dr Jennifer Urquart, writing in

209:, the Lord of the Nazgûl, or the Black Captain, was Sauron's chief agent for most of the Third Age. At the end of the Third Age, their main stronghold was the city of Minas Morgul at the entrance to Sauron's realm, 5221: 5213: 1152: 5285: 5243: 2095: 384:, when the Lord of the Nazgûl leads Sauron's forces against the successor kingdoms of Arnor: Rhudaur, Cardolan, and Arthedain. He destroys all three but is defeated by the armies of Gondor and the Elf-lord 5250: 5264: 5068: 3723: 4813: 5306: 1297: 1179:, the Nazgûl are robed skeletons with white hair. They ride winged horses, although the Witch-king rides a creature more in line with the book when he confronts Éowyn. The 1981 5292: 5257: 5134: 1497:, "The Akallabêth", p. 267. "Yet Sauron was ever guileful, and it is said that among those whom he ensnared with the Nine Rings three were great lords of Númenórean race." 344:

lords; in his notes for translators, Tolkien speculated that the Witch-king of Angmar, ruler of a northern kingdom with its capital at Carn Dûm, was of Númenórean origin.

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Five of the Nazgûl corner Frodo and his company at Weathertop, where the Witch-king stabs Frodo in the shoulder with the Morgul-knife, breaking off a piece of it in the

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Only two of the Nazgûl are named or identified individually in Tolkien's works. Their chief, also known as the Lord of the Nazgûl and the Black Captain, appears as the

5449: 611:. In a letter, he calls the winged mounts "Nazgûl-birds". In the absence of a proper name, derivative works sometimes press "fellbeast" or "fell-beast" into service. 989:

and the Wodzaks comment that the Nazgûl uses his eyes "to overwhelm". In their view, the seeming inconsistency is resolved by identifying the Black Breath with his "

5661: 5463: 5407: 5056: 3398: 2165: 5456: 5414: 4961: 2131: 1608: 221:, their leader uses a Morgul-knife which would reduce its victim to a wraith, and they carry ordinary swords. In his final battle, the Lord of the Nazgûl attacks 1452:. They note also that "lieutenant of Morgul" could mean the second-in-command either of Minas Morgul or "more likely" of the Morgul-lord, the Lord of the Nazgûl. 5421: 5004: 3510: 2668: 5428: 5400: 3993: 3988: 3525: 3002: 1444:

comment that fans' suggestions that Gothmog was a Nazgûl are "no more than speculation". They note that an earlier Gothmog was "Lord of Balrogs", who killed

2469:"'The House of his Spirit Crumbles.' A medical consideration of Faramir's condition on his return from the retreat from Osgiliath, in The Lord of the Rings" 614:

In the Battle of the Pelennor Fields, where the Lord of the Nazgûl rode one of the flying beasts against King Théoden of Rohan, his mount is described as:

5186: 3718: 3530: 2493:(2009). "Councils and Kings: Aragorn's Journey Towards Kingship in J.R.R. Tolkien's 'The Lord of the Rings' and Peter Jackson's 'The Lord of the Rings'". 5442: 5016: 4540: 3981: 3971: 3966: 2846:

scream at people. But I can scream. I went into the room with the mike and let out all the stress and the horror and the terror of making those films.")

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to heal Faramir and others of the Black Breath, a condition "which harms the spirit more than the body", identifies him to his people as the true King.

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After the fall of the Lord of the Nazgûl, command of Mordor's army in the field falls to Gothmog, the "lieutenant of Morgul", of unspecified race.

5583: 5343: 5336: 5495: 5378: 5271: 3833: 3683: 3610: 213:. They dress entirely in black. In their early forays, they ride on black horses; later they ride flying monsters, which Tolkien described as " 1239:

to pursue the One Ring. It features again when Frodo and Sam make their way towards Cirith Ungol. These sets were designed by the illustrator

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It is said to attack with "beak and claw". Tolkien wrote that he "did not intend the steed of the Witch-king to be what is now called a '

452:, and hunt him and his companions across the Shire; the hobbits hear snuffling, and sometimes see them crawling. The hobbits escape, via 4973: 4893: 3391: 1160: 5576: 4954: 4949: 3853: 3848: 3748: 3426: 2446: 2340: 1174: 1067:, on the other hand, Garth merely notes the "Black Breath of despair that brings down even the bravest" as one of several elements of 3078: 5608: 5538: 4937: 3813: 3700: 3505: 3367: 2239: 1140: 1121: 2728: 486:, tasked with the destruction of the Ring, leave Rivendell as the "Nine Walkers", in opposition to the Nazgûl, the "Nine Riders". 3818: 3783: 3743: 3630: 3620: 2529:

Wodzak, Michael A.; Wodzak, Victoria Holtz (2014). "Visibílium Ómnium et Invisibílium: Looking Out, On, and In Tolkien's World".

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The Nazgûl appear in numerous adaptations of Tolkien's writings, including animated and live-action films and computer games.

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features a group of Nazgûl galloping through a snowy pine forest; they wear black cloaks, with glimpses of red equipment.

520: 5558: 5391: 3898: 3858: 3733: 3728: 3688: 2907: 313:, into which he had put much of his own power. The corrupting effect of the Rings greatly extended the bearers' lives. 37: 5364: 5193: 5177: 5103: 4792: 4629: 3961: 2190: 1282: 1042: 33: 3923: 1598:

Tolkien writes: "the name and origin of the Witch-king is not recorded, but he was probably of Númenórean descent."

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Little, Ariel (2020). "Hope remains while the company is true: The community heroic in the Fellowship of the Ring".

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associations between his "Nazgûl" and "Ringwraith" with the meanings of being bent and twisted as well as ghoulish.

482:, their horses are drowned, and the Ringwraiths are forced to return to Mordor to regroup. The nine members of the 5615: 5533: 5509: 4664: 3976: 3938: 3928: 3886: 3803: 3592: 3450: 3158: 2374:

Kisor, Yvette (2013). "Incorporeality and Transformation in The Lord of the Rings". In Vaccaro, Christopher (ed.).

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to Mordor and declares himself openly. He sent two or three of the Nazgûl, led by Khamul, to garrison Dol Guldur.

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Commentators have written that the Nazgûl serve on the ordinary level of story as dangerous opponents of the

4752: 4100: 4063: 3933: 3773: 3758: 3753: 3322: 1240: 1224: 919: 579: 41: 1227:'s illustration of the Witch-king's flying steed drove the design of the monsters in Peter Jackson's films. 971:, combined with "psychological distress" and pain, as his symptoms were quite different. Judy Ann Ford and 923:

A Nazgûl, depicted as a shadowy but solid body, cloaked and hooded, wearing a sword, and mounted on a horse

631:" and owed much to the "new ... mythology" , and might even be "a last survivor of older geological eras." 309:, along with kings of countries in Middle-earth. The rings enslaved their bearers to the power of Sauron's 4849: 4757: 4497: 4361: 4335: 4015: 3838: 3828: 3476: 3464: 3190: 2862: 2379: 2305: 2057: 1705: 558: 510: 106: 5676: 4804: 4735: 4594: 4117: 3913: 3878: 3863: 3808: 3793: 3778: 3665: 3483: 3408: 3196: 3164: 2642: 1689: 1083: 700: 524: 201: 4290: 2811: 574: 468:, arrives ahead of them and for some days leads them on paths not closely followed by the Ringwraiths. 2755:"A 30-Year-Old Soviet Adaptation of The Fellowship of the Ring Is Available for Your Viewing Pleasure" 1041:

meaning "mist of fear". Garth comments that these names "anchor him in the primal night" of Tolkien's

5032: 4657: 4650: 4601: 4345: 4313: 4110: 4105: 4090: 4036: 3768: 3600: 2468: 1394: 914: 890: 695: 686: 536: 327: 323: 206: 247:; at the romantic level as the enemies of the heroic protagonists; and finally at the mythic level. 5207: 5153: 4707: 4581: 4464: 4454: 4405: 4276: 4256: 4205: 3678: 3605: 3540: 3354: 3349: 3317: 3285: 3253: 3221: 2603: 2567: 2403: 2295: 1934: 1324: 1252: 1113: 1022: 1002: 950: 876: 786:, wraith. Fisher writes that the former may well be connected, unconsciously on Tolkien's part, to 494: 483: 461: 457: 244: 767:, meaning a band, a thing wound around something, and indeed a ring. Another cognate is Old Saxon 5061: 5025: 4909: 4842: 4699: 4523: 3094: 2912: 2839: 2786: 2438: 1329: 178: 2754: 2669:"Ralph Bakshi's The Lord of the Rings Brought Tolkien from the Counterculture to the Big Screen" 2570:(2009). "'Words, Phrases and Passages in Various Tongues in "The Lord of the Rings"' (review)". 2977: 5200: 5074: 4745: 3654: 3363: 3331: 3299: 3267: 3235: 3205: 3173: 3139: 3109: 3046: 3036: 2790: 2617: 2442: 2383: 2309: 2245: 2235: 2194: 2141: 2071: 1618: 1422: 1050: 959: 489: 2432: 591:

The Nazgûl's flying steeds are given various descriptions but no name. The soldier of Gondor

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on the right. Minas Morgul is on the western border of Mordor in the Ephel Duath mountains.

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tells the tale of a rock promoter who had managed a band named the Nazgûl, and was found

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The Inklings and Culture: A Harvest of Scholarship from the Inklings Institute of Canada

995:", his evil spirit, and assuming that it is this which causes the harm all around him. 388:, who prophesies that "not by the hand of man will he fall". He escapes, and returns to 4740: 4528: 4320: 4198: 3693: 3535: 3457: 3105: 2776: 2336: 2180: 1144:, the Nazgûl "shamble and limp like zombies". They hack and slash the Hobbits' beds at 1014: 880: 865: 737: 733: 635: 302: 186: 99: 864:

The only one of the nine Ringwraiths to be named is Khamûl. Fisher suggests a link to

732:. He notes that "wraith" has a history in folktale and fantasy including usage by the 596: 5635: 5543: 4444: 4183: 4178: 3135: 2613: 2161: 2137: 1613: 1334: 1210: 1156: 720: 690: 528: 449: 441: 340:, the "Black Easterling" or the "Shadow of the East". Three of the Nazgûl were great 218: 3672: 2863:"The Lord of the Rings: The Motion Picture Trilogy: Extended Edition Blu-ray Review" 5161: 4942: 4829: 4762: 4715: 4586: 4385: 4371: 4298: 3625: 3003:"The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle Earth II: The Rise of the Witch-King" 2589: 2548: 2512: 2291: 1135: 1117: 1046: 902: 845: 841: 716: 584: 453: 365: 305:

to powerful mortal men, including three lords of the once-powerful island realm of

174: 135: 1612:, p. 20. Tolkien later removed the passage; it does not appear in the version in 583:

Tolkien stated that the Nazgûl's "fell beasts", while not intended actually to be

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The Lord of the Rings, 1954-2004: Scholarship in Honor of Richard E. Blackwelder

1418: 1398: 1340: 1170: 1087: 968: 964: 894: 749: 712: 640: 624: 409: 360: 1247:, the design of the monsters was based largely on illustrations by John Howe. 1104: 889:. Fisher writes that this may have come to Tolkien by way of his time with the 829:'s elves who became in Fisher's words "bent and twisted" by the desire for the 587:, were "obviously ... pterodactylic". 1897 reconstruction of pterodactyls shown 5111: 4563: 4410: 4271: 4127: 2349: 1402: 1214: 1198: 562: 548: 531:

engraved with evil spells, to break the gates of Minas Tirith. He is faced by

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Nine Walkers vs Nine Riders: the enslaved Nine Nazgûl are opposed by the free

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during the Third Age, instrumental in the destruction of the North-kingdom of

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the Nazgûl gave off "radioactive contamination", causing the Black Breath.

826: 771:, meaning cruel; Fisher comments that all of these stem from Indo-European 217:". Their main weapon is terror, though in their pursuit of the Ring-bearer 2544: 4576: 4533: 4469: 4449: 4266: 4261: 4243: 4132: 4073: 3640: 3545: 2412: 1449: 1390: 1344: 1027:

Words, Phrases and Passages in Various Tongues in "The Lord of the Rings"

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calls them Sauron's "most terrible servants". Their leader, known as the

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suggests that the Black Breath may derive from Tolkien's experience of

963:, describes its normal course as "progressive loss of consciousness and 745: 190: 5237: 5119: 4513: 4425: 4248: 4238: 4225: 4149: 4078: 4068: 3647: 2585: 2508: 1352: 1287: 1075: 981: 976: 608: 557:

The remaining eight Ringwraiths attack the Army of the West during the

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The Road to Middle-Earth: How J. R. R. Tolkien Created a New Mythology

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The Body in Tolkien's Legendarium: Essays on Middle-earth Corporeality

1220: 806: 703:", and with "words of power and terror to rend both heart and stone". 17: 4459: 4434: 4330: 4303: 4233: 4173: 4142: 4058: 4053: 3635: 2354: 1946: 1030: 991: 822: 810: 472: 437: 433: 404: 400: 389: 373: 298: 286: 230: 210: 182: 74: 2812:"Lord Of The Rings: 20 Strangest Details About Witch-King's Anatomy" 1512:, 4. "The Hunt for the Ring" i. "Of the Journey of the Black Riders" 32:"Dark Riders" and "Black Riders" redirect here. For other uses, see 2408:"Review: The Body in Tolkien's Legendarium: Essays on Middle-earth" 1256:

features Aragorn fighting a Ringwraith on the borders of Mirkwood.

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learning to ride Nazgûl-birds, 'for the liberation of the Shire'."

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writes that Tolkien borrowed the word from a Middle English poem,

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especially interesting for its rendering of two of the Dark Lord

817:, a demon that feeds on corpses. The Sindarin word is related to 763:, a persecutor. There is also English "wreath", from Old English 519:

The Nazgûl reappear mounted on hideous flying beasts. During the

4340: 901:, crooked or bad-tempered. In short, Tolkien may have felt many 4678: 3380: 2729:"Audiobook Review: The Lord Of The Rings: The Two Towers(1981)" 1074:

In her Tolkienesque 1961 short story "The Jewel of Arwen", the

875:, to bend. "Kam" made its way into English usage, including by 4886: 4874: 4325: 4161: 1637:, Appendix B, "The Tale of Years", entries in "The Second Age" 1565:, 4. "The Hunt for the Ring" ii. "Other Versions of the Story" 1671:, Appendix B, "The Tale of Years", entries in "The Third Age" 1505: 1503: 1061:

and 'animal horror' on the Somme." Earlier, in his 2003 book

1053:. He adds that this fog of terror may ultimately derive from 547:

brings the Nazgûl to his knees, allowing Éowyn, the niece of

1108:

The Nazgûl hacking and slashing at the hobbits' beds in the

189:, which gave them immortality but reduced them to invisible 2186:

Perilous Realms: Celtic and Norse in Tolkien's Middle-earth

860:. Both terms have connotations of being "bent and twisted". 2434:

The Power of Tolkien's Prose: Middle-Earth's Magical Style

2301:

Tolkien in the New Century: Essays in Honor of Tom Shippey

1475: 1473: 1086:

provides "Translator's Notes" which assert as part of her

797:

has the meaning "magic" in Tolkien's invented language of

2779:(2003). "The Lord of the Rings: Imagining Middle-earth". 144: 138: 2609:

Tolkien and the Great War: The Threshold of Middle-earth

2222:(2006). "What Did He Know and When Did He Know It?". In 1630: 1628: 744:. The word can be connected, Fisher writes, to English " 719:, writing that "all stories begin with words", takes up 478:

When all Nine are swept away by the waters of the river

380:

The Nazgûl re-emerge over a thousand years later in the

1664: 1662: 1660: 1148:

inn, whereas Tolkien does not identify the assailants.

2978:"How Shadow of War Breaks Tolkien's Middle-Earth Lore" 417:, the Nazgûl's stronghold, and the valley is known as 3079:"Trivalia: Neuhvatljivi crni jahači", Rokcomotiva.com 3029:

St. James Guide to Horror, Ghost & Gothic Writers

2524: 2522: 2261: 2259: 1654:, Appendix A, I, iv "Gondor and the heirs of Anarion" 1298:

The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II

685:

Shippey writes that the Nazgûl function at different

1856:, book 5, ch. 6, "The Battle of the Pelennor Fields" 1681: 1679: 1677: 1413:, the Old Norse ending corresponding to Anglo-Saxon 595:

calls them "Hell Hawks". Tolkien describes them as "

68: 5600: 5568: 5519: 5478: 5389: 5176: 5145: 5095: 5049: 5015: 4972: 4929: 4920: 4861: 4803: 4776: 4726: 4691: 4553: 4506: 4480: 4393: 4384: 4354: 4289: 4089: 4044: 4035: 3952: 3877: 3709: 3591: 3582: 3439: 1716: 1714: 1546: 1544: 1542: 1347:released several of their albums through their own 1295:. For the expansion to its real-time strategy game 240:blade, allowing Éowyn to kill him with her sword. 87: 62: 57: 52: 27:

Character group from J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium

2856: 2854: 2353:, iii. 1. 304. Quite crooked, quite wrong (or, as 2100:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. pp. 304–315. 1849: 1847: 1845: 1843: 1841: 1839: 1837: 1235:, when the Nazgûl leave the city and ride towards 2955:"Extending The Desolation of Smaug: More Is More" 2888:Big-atures (Special Extended Edition documentary) 2484: 2482: 1937:, 29 May 1945, expressing his "loathing" for the 949:"Black Breath" redirects here. For the band, see 1783:book 1, ch. 9 "At the Sign of the Prancing Pony" 1401:; Tolkien glosses it in the index as a "work of 1193:in the Black Speech of Mordor. The 1991 Russian 603:("fierce, cruel") to other creatures throughout 2637: 2635: 2633: 2462: 2460: 2458: 2166:The Lord of the Rings Online: Shadows of Angmar 1337:on the 10th anniversary of the band's breakup. 616: 501: 263: 2286: 2284: 2282: 2280: 2278: 2276: 2274: 2089: 2087: 1351:Black Rider and for a period of time issued a 599:beasts", though he also applies the adjective 3392: 2835:"Middle-Earth Wizard's Not-So-Silent Partner" 2562: 2560: 2558: 2369: 2367: 2365: 2214: 2212: 2210: 1941:: "My sentiments are more or less those that 1866: 1864: 1862: 1448:and Fingon, and was killed in the assault on 8: 1759:book 1, ch. 7 "In the House of Tom Bombadil" 1490: 1488: 1405:", a "spectre". It derives from Old English 1037:meaning "horrible darkness, black mist" and 561:. When Frodo claims the Ring for his own in 2133:The Lord of the Rings: A Reader's Companion 1609:The Lord of the Rings: A Reader's Companion 1482:, "Of the Rings of Power and the Third Age" 801:. Fisher comments that this has an English 280:, "Of the Rings of Power and the Third Age" 5386: 4980: 4926: 4675: 4390: 4041: 3588: 3399: 3385: 3377: 1524:, #246 to Mrs Eileen Elgar, September 1963 1274:The Nazgûl are featured in the video game 1071:which "suggest the influence of 1914–18". 755:, to bend or twist, and in turn to Gothic 2342:A General Glossary to Shakespeare's Works 1989:, book 2, ch. 7 "The Mirror of Galadriel" 1958: 1930: 1870: 1521: 627:'", while acknowledging "obviously it is 2357:subjoins, 'Merely awry)', Compare clean. 2034: 2022: 1986: 1816: 1804: 1792: 1780: 1768: 1756: 1744: 1735:book 1, ch. 4 "A Short Cut to Mushrooms" 1732: 1720: 1701: 1685: 1550: 456:'s realm where they are not pursued, to 5584:The Lord of the Rings Trading Card Game 3068:. Belgrade: self-released. p. 228. 2976:Mithaiwala, Mansoor (25 October 2017). 2265: 2110: 2049: 2010: 1998: 1974: 1918: 1909:, book 5, ch. 10 "The Black Gate Opens" 1906: 1894: 1882: 1853: 1828: 1771:book 1, ch. 8 "Fog on the Barrow-downs" 1668: 1651: 1634: 1586: 1574: 1562: 1533: 1509: 1494: 1479: 1469: 1372: 197:and completely under Sauron's control. 5662:Literary characters introduced in 1954 5496:The Lord of the Rings Roleplaying Game 3684:The Man in the Moon Stayed Up Too Late 2013:, book 5, ch. 4, "The Siege of Gondor" 1873:, #211 to Rhona Beare, 14 October 1958 1577:, Appendix A, 1 "The Numenorean Kings" 49: 2667:Gilkeson, Austin (13 November 2018). 1945:would have had if he discovered some 1831:, book 5, ch. 4 "The Siege of Gondor" 897:, with Lancashire dialect words like 193:, servants bound to the power of the 7: 5591:The Lord of the Rings: The Card Game 1553:book 1, ch. 11 "A Knife in the Dark" 1055:Tolkien's First World War experience 886:A Dictionary of the English Language 778:"Nazgûl" has the Black Speech roots 334:, his second-in-command is named as 236:stabs him with an ancient enchanted 4814:Music Inspired by Lord of the Rings 2927:Mooney, Michael (20 January 2014). 2861:Dellamorte, Andrew (20 June 2011). 2833:Barnes, Brooks (30 November 2012). 1819:book 2, ch. 3 "The Ring Goes South" 1807:book 1, ch. 12 "Flight to the Ford" 1389:"Dwimmerlaik" represents a word in 1045:, the Black Breath, the fog on the 759:, curved, crooked, or winding, and 149:, "wraith, spirit"), introduced as 5577:Middle-earth Collectible Card Game 3066:EX YU ROCK enciklopedija 1960–2006 2908:"Tolkien's Gentlemanly Art of War" 2906:Conlogue, Ray (16 December 2003). 2810:Dembrow, Dylan (4 November 2018). 2697:Gilkeson, Austin (24 April 2019). 2345:. Boston: Dana Estes and Company. 607:– even at one point to the wizard 25: 5609:Middle-earth Strategy Battle Game 5539:Gondor: The Siege of Minas Tirith 2953:LaSala, Jeff (14 November 2014). 2753:Templeton, Molly (6 April 2021). 1138:'s 1978 animated film version of 5657:The Lord of the Rings characters 3573: 1723:book 1, ch. 3 "Three is Company" 809:", a wraith, which derives from 4623:The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien 3100:The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien 2420:(1, Fall/Winter 2014): 146–149. 2025:, book 2, ch. 1 "Many Meetings" 1536:, "Journey of the Black Riders" 1231:Minas Morgul is shown first in 638:compares the fell beast to the 5308:The Battle for Middle-earth II 5069:Peter Jackson's interpretation 4571:The Adventures of Tom Bombadil 3724:Ancestry as guide to character 3102:: Revised and Expanded Edition 2782:Tolkien: A Cultural Phenomenon 1747:book 1, ch. 6 "The Old Forest" 1277:Middle-earth: Shadow of Mordor 1134:on radio, film, and stage. In 723:'s "denigrating dismissal" of 407:, capture it, and acquire its 169:, are fictional characters in 1: 5503:The One Ring Roleplaying Game 3498:The Tale of Aragorn and Arwen 521:Battle of the Pelennor Fields 413:for Sauron. The city becomes 5392:The Lord of the Rings Online 2727:Nephrite (22 January 2019). 1417:, meaning "a state or act". 1209:film trilogy (2001–2003) by 145: 139: 69: 38:Black Rider (disambiguation) 5294:The Battle for Middle-earth 5201:Game Two: Shadows of Mordor 4630:The History of Middle-earth 3563:Tolkien's impact on fantasy 2226:; Scull, Christina (eds.). 2191:University of Toronto Press 2169:. Level/area: Barad Guldur. 2037:, book 1, ch. 10, "Strider" 1921:book 6, ch. 3, "Mount Doom" 1283:Middle-earth: Shadow of War 1127:The Nazgûl are featured in 1025:finds Christopher Gilson's 285:The Nazgûl or Ringwraiths ( 34:Dark Rider (disambiguation) 5698: 5616:Lego The Lord of the Rings 5510:Adventures in Middle-earth 5345:Lego The Lord of the Rings 5315:The Rise of the Witch-king 5252:The Fellowship of the Ring 4989:The Fellowship of the Ring 4665:The Nature of Middle-earth 4541:List of weapons and armour 3451:The Fellowship of the Ring 3159:The Fellowship of the Ring 3064:Janjatović, Petar (2007). 2467:Urquart, Jennifer (2014). 2232:Marquette University Press 1409:, "phantom, illusion" and 1304:The Rise of the Witch-king 1233:The Fellowship of the Ring 1122:1978 animated film version 1007:gas in the First World War 948: 912: 775:, to turn, bend, or wind. 572: 93:The Fellowship of the Ring 31: 5489:Middle-earth Role Playing 5352:Guardians of Middle-earth 4983: 4674: 4644:The History of The Hobbit 3571: 3491:The Scouring of the Shire 3416: 2431:Walker, Steve C. (2009). 1589:, Index, entry for Khamûl 1189:has the Nazgûl chant the 1064:Tolkien and the Great War 707:Etymological connotations 687:stylistic levels or modes 523:, the Lord of the Nazgûl 185:'s power through wearing 3291:The Return of the Shadow 2475:(55 Winter 2014): 14–17. 1795:book 1, ch. 10 "Strider" 1349:independent record label 1049:, and the terror of the 909:Invisible, but corporeal 293:) first appeared in the 5245:Vol. II: The Two Towers 4962:The War of the Rohirrim 4763:Margrethe II of Denmark 3934:A mythology for England 3323:The Treason of Isengard 3027:Pringle, David (1998). 3007:Behind the Voice Actors 1315:for one of the Nazgûl. 1259:In Jackson's 2012–2014 1250:The fan-made 2009 film 821:, wise, wisdom, and to 514:, "The Siege of Gondor" 425:). Sauron returns from 58:In-universe information 42:Nazgul (disambiguation) 5667:Male literary villains 5266:The Return of the King 5005:The Return of the King 4950:The Return of the King 4850:The Battle of Evermore 3834:Psychological journeys 3477:The Shadow of the Past 3465:The Return of the King 3191:The Return of the King 2643:Bradley, Marion Zimmer 2298:; Martsch, N. (eds.). 1706:The Shadow of the Past 1228: 1176:The Return of the King 1166: 1155:A Nazgûl portrayed in 1124: 1018: 924: 861: 730:those that he invented 664:Tolkien began writing 621: 588: 559:Battle of the Morannon 511:The Return of the King 506: 498: 377: 364:Sketch map of part of 272: 107:The Return of the King 5682:Middle-earth monsters 4938:The Lord of the Rings 4902:The Lord of the Rings 4882:The Lord of the Rings 4870:The Lord of the Rings 4823:The Lord of the Rings 4736:A Map of Middle-earth 4637:The Children of Húrin 4595:The Road Goes Ever On 3739:Death and immortality 3689:The Road Goes Ever On 3666:A Elbereth Gilthoniel 3484:The Council of Elrond 3429:The Lord of the Rings 3409:The Lord of the Rings 3197:The Lord of the Rings 3165:The Lord of the Rings 2929:"The Hunt For Gollum" 2545:10.1353/tks.2014.0002 2063:Guide to Middle Earth 1690:The Council of Elrond 1361:The Lord of the Rings 1323:The fantasy novelist 1223: 1207:The Lord of the Rings 1186:The Lord of the Rings 1162:The Lord of the Rings 1154: 1141:The Lord of the Rings 1131:The Lord of the Rings 1107: 1084:Marion Zimmer Bradley 1069:The Lord of the Rings 1021:Tolkien's biographer 1001: 922: 913:Further information: 839: 725:The Lord of the Rings 675:The Lord of the Rings 666:The Lord of the Rings 605:The Lord of the Rings 582: 573:Further information: 527:, including Grond, a 492: 363: 202:The Lord of the Rings 181:who had succumbed to 5187:Journey to Rivendell 4894:Hordes of the Things 4658:The Fall of Gondolin 4346:Watcher in the Water 4314:Witch-king of Angmar 3511:List of translations 3035:. pp. 388–390. 2647:"The Jewel of Arwen" 2404:Croft, Janet Brennan 2296:Croft, Janet Brennan 2234:. pp. 101–112. 2193:. pp. 104–106. 1057:"of smoke barrages, 1011:Gas Attack, Flanders 915:Witch-king of Angmar 891:Lancashire Fusiliers 879:, as is recorded in 696:Anatomy of Criticism 673:and early drafts of 539:; and not far away, 324:Witch-king of Angmar 207:Witch-king of Angmar 5208:War in Middle Earth 5154:The Hunt for Gollum 4708:The Last Ringbearer 3994:Narrative structure 3989:Impression of depth 3606:Company of the Ring 3355:The War of the Ring 3350:Christopher Tolkien 3318:Christopher Tolkien 3286:Christopher Tolkien 3254:Christopher Tolkien 3222:Christopher Tolkien 3095:Carpenter, Humphrey 2308:. pp. 97–114. 1935:Christopher Tolkien 1325:George R. R. Martin 1253:The Hunt for Gollum 979:'s use of the herb 951:Black Breath (band) 936:Gradual incarnation 689:(as categorised by 495:Company of the Ring 484:Company of the Ring 462:Ranger of the North 432:Sauron learns from 395:The Nazgûl besiege 265:Those who used the 245:Company of the Ring 47:Fictional character 5451:War of Three Peaks 5128:The Rings of Power 5062:Hobbiton Movie Set 5026:Concerning Hobbits 4910:Der Herr der Ringe 4843:Misty Mountain Hop 4700:Bored of the Rings 4524:Phial of Galadriel 3854:Sound and language 3749:Dreams and visions 3719:Addiction to power 3134:(Third ed.). 2913:The Globe and Mail 2840:The New York Times 2789:. pp. 11–59. 2787:Palgrave Macmillan 2586:10.1353/tks.0.0059 2509:10.1353/tks.0.0036 2441:. pp. 23–24. 2439:Palgrave Macmillan 2382:. pp. 20–38. 2268:, pp. 242–243 1397:, translated into 1330:The Armageddon Rag 1311:invented the name 1293:Return of the King 1229: 1167: 1125: 1019: 925: 862: 589: 575:Tolkien's monsters 535:, a noblewoman of 499: 378: 5629: 5628: 5625: 5624: 5552:Lord of the Rings 5474: 5473: 5465:Before the Shadow 5409:Siege of Mirkwood 5172: 5171: 5091: 5090: 5075:Picturing Tolkien 4793:Lord of the Rings 4746:Barbara Remington 4651:Beren and Lúthien 4602:Bilbo's Last Song 4549: 4548: 4380: 4379: 4031: 4030: 3982:Pseudotranslation 3972:Editorial framing 3967:Character pairing 3814:Naming of weapons 3346:Tolkien, J. R. R. 3337:978-0-395-51562-4 3314:Tolkien, J. R. R. 3305:978-0-395-49863-7 3282:Tolkien, J. R. R. 3273:978-0-395-29917-3 3250:Tolkien, J. R. R. 3241:978-0-395-25730-2 3218:Tolkien, J. R. R. 3186:Tolkien, J. R. R. 3154:Tolkien, J. R. R. 3145:978-0-261-10275-0 3115:978-0-35-865298-4 3042:978-1-55862-206-7 2796:978-1-4039-1263-3 2623:978-0-00711-953-0 2315:978-1-4766-1486-1 2224:Hammond, Wayne G. 2200:978-0-8020-3806-7 2147:978-0-00-720907-1 2124:Hammond, Wayne G. 2077:978-0-345-27547-9 1704:, book 1, ch. 2 " 1688:, book 2, ch. 2 " 1619:A Tolkien Compass 1600:Hammond, Wayne G. 1335:ritually murdered 1286:. In the latter, 1146:The Prancing Pony 1051:Paths of the Dead 254:Fictional history 177:. They were nine 128: 127: 16:(Redirected from 5689: 5672:Fictional nonets 5647:Fictional undead 5642:Middle-earth Men 5458:Fate of Gundabad 5416:Rise of Isengard 5387: 5359:Shadow of Mordor 5338:War in the North 5286:Game Boy Advance 4981: 4927: 4685:derivative works 4676: 4616:Unfinished Tales 4609:The Silmarillion 4391: 4042: 3819:Northern courage 3764:Environmentalism 3744:Decline and fall 3679:Song of Eärendil 3589: 3577: 3422:J. R. R. Tolkien 3401: 3394: 3387: 3378: 3373: 3360:Houghton Mifflin 3341: 3328:Houghton Mifflin 3309: 3296:Houghton Mifflin 3277: 3264:Houghton Mifflin 3259:Unfinished Tales 3245: 3232:Houghton Mifflin 3227:The Silmarillion 3213: 3202:Houghton Mifflin 3181: 3170:Houghton Mifflin 3149: 3119: 3081: 3076: 3070: 3069: 3061: 3055: 3054: 3024: 3018: 3017: 3015: 3013: 2999: 2993: 2992: 2990: 2988: 2973: 2967: 2966: 2964: 2962: 2950: 2944: 2943: 2941: 2939: 2924: 2918: 2917: 2902: 2896: 2895: 2884: 2878: 2877: 2875: 2873: 2858: 2849: 2848: 2830: 2824: 2823: 2807: 2801: 2800: 2773: 2767: 2766: 2764: 2762: 2750: 2744: 2743: 2741: 2739: 2724: 2718: 2717: 2711: 2709: 2694: 2688: 2687: 2681: 2679: 2664: 2658: 2657: 2651: 2639: 2628: 2627: 2600: 2594: 2593: 2564: 2553: 2552: 2526: 2517: 2516: 2491:Reid, Robin Anne 2489:Ford, Judy Ann; 2486: 2477: 2476: 2464: 2453: 2452: 2428: 2422: 2421: 2400: 2394: 2393: 2389:978-0-78647478-3 2371: 2360: 2359: 2333: 2327: 2326: 2324: 2322: 2288: 2269: 2263: 2254: 2253: 2220:Scull, Christina 2216: 2205: 2204: 2177: 2171: 2170: 2158: 2152: 2151: 2128:Scull, Christina 2120: 2114: 2108: 2102: 2101: 2091: 2082: 2081: 2068:Ballantine Books 2054: 2038: 2032: 2026: 2020: 2014: 2008: 2002: 1996: 1990: 1984: 1978: 1972: 1966: 1956: 1950: 1928: 1922: 1916: 1910: 1904: 1898: 1892: 1886: 1880: 1874: 1868: 1857: 1851: 1832: 1826: 1820: 1814: 1808: 1802: 1796: 1790: 1784: 1778: 1772: 1766: 1760: 1754: 1748: 1742: 1736: 1730: 1724: 1718: 1709: 1699: 1693: 1683: 1672: 1666: 1655: 1649: 1638: 1632: 1623: 1604:Scull, Christina 1596: 1590: 1584: 1578: 1572: 1566: 1560: 1554: 1548: 1537: 1531: 1525: 1519: 1513: 1507: 1498: 1492: 1483: 1477: 1453: 1438:Wayne G. Hammond 1435: 1429: 1393:, the speech of 1387: 1381: 1377: 1245:audio commentary 1191:Ring-inscription 945:The Black Breath 928:invisible head. 848:connections and 742:George MacDonald 646: 634:The medievalist 515: 403:fortress in the 339: 338: 332:Unfinished Tales 297:. The Dark Lord 281: 277:The Silmarillion 234:Merry Brandybuck 171:J. R. R. Tolkien 153:and also called 148: 142: 121:Unfinished Tales 114:The Silmarillion 72: 50: 21: 5697: 5696: 5692: 5691: 5690: 5688: 5687: 5686: 5652:Fictional kings 5632: 5631: 5630: 5621: 5596: 5564: 5559:War of the Ring 5534:War of the Ring 5515: 5480: 5470: 5423:Riders of Rohan 5385: 5380:Return to Moria 5331:Aragorn's Quest 5273:War of the Ring 5231:Riders of Rohan 5168: 5141: 5104:Sagan om ringen 5087: 5082:Tolkien on Film 5045: 5011: 4975: 4968: 4916: 4857: 4821:Symphony No. 1 4799: 4772: 4722: 4687: 4670: 4555: 4545: 4502: 4493:Pelennor Fields 4476: 4376: 4350: 4285: 4092: 4085: 4027: 3948: 3909:First World War 3904:Classical world 3873: 3705: 3578: 3569: 3435: 3434: 3412: 3405: 3370: 3344: 3338: 3312: 3306: 3280: 3274: 3248: 3242: 3216: 3184: 3152: 3146: 3124: 3116: 3097:, ed. (2023) . 3093: 3090: 3085: 3084: 3077: 3073: 3063: 3062: 3058: 3043: 3033:St. James Press 3026: 3025: 3021: 3011: 3009: 3001: 3000: 2996: 2986: 2984: 2975: 2974: 2970: 2960: 2958: 2952: 2951: 2947: 2937: 2935: 2926: 2925: 2921: 2905: 2903: 2899: 2892:New Line Cinema 2886: 2885: 2881: 2871: 2869: 2860: 2859: 2852: 2832: 2831: 2827: 2809: 2808: 2804: 2797: 2777:Rosebury, Brian 2775: 2774: 2770: 2760: 2758: 2752: 2751: 2747: 2737: 2735: 2733:The Orkney News 2726: 2725: 2721: 2707: 2705: 2696: 2695: 2691: 2677: 2675: 2666: 2665: 2661: 2649: 2641: 2640: 2631: 2624: 2616:. p. 312. 2602: 2601: 2597: 2573:Tolkien Studies 2566: 2565: 2556: 2532:Tolkien Studies 2528: 2527: 2520: 2496:Tolkien Studies 2488: 2487: 2480: 2466: 2465: 2456: 2449: 2430: 2429: 2425: 2402: 2401: 2397: 2390: 2373: 2372: 2363: 2339:(1904). "kam". 2337:Dyce, Alexander 2335: 2334: 2330: 2320: 2318: 2316: 2290: 2289: 2272: 2264: 2257: 2242: 2218: 2217: 2208: 2201: 2181:Burns, Marjorie 2179: 2178: 2174: 2160: 2159: 2155: 2148: 2140:. p. 565. 2122: 2121: 2117: 2109: 2105: 2093: 2092: 2085: 2078: 2070:. p. 184. 2056: 2055: 2051: 2046: 2041: 2033: 2029: 2021: 2017: 2009: 2005: 1997: 1993: 1985: 1981: 1973: 1969: 1957: 1953: 1939:Royal Air Force 1929: 1925: 1917: 1913: 1905: 1901: 1893: 1889: 1881: 1877: 1869: 1860: 1852: 1835: 1827: 1823: 1815: 1811: 1803: 1799: 1791: 1787: 1779: 1775: 1767: 1763: 1755: 1751: 1743: 1739: 1731: 1727: 1719: 1712: 1700: 1696: 1684: 1675: 1667: 1658: 1650: 1641: 1633: 1626: 1597: 1593: 1585: 1581: 1573: 1569: 1561: 1557: 1549: 1540: 1532: 1528: 1520: 1516: 1508: 1501: 1493: 1486: 1478: 1471: 1467: 1462: 1457: 1456: 1442:Christina Scull 1436: 1432: 1388: 1384: 1378: 1374: 1369: 1321: 1309:Electronic Arts 1280:and its sequel 1272: 1195:television play 1129:adaptations of 1102: 1097: 1080:science fiction 973:Robin Anne Reid 954: 947: 938: 917: 911: 895:First World War 871:, crooked, and 844:'s analysis of 709: 683: 662: 657: 647:s flying steed 644: 577: 571: 517: 508: 358: 336: 335: 283: 274: 261: 256: 118: 111: 104: 97: 82: 80: 78: 67: 48: 45: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5695: 5693: 5685: 5684: 5679: 5674: 5669: 5664: 5659: 5654: 5649: 5644: 5634: 5633: 5627: 5626: 5623: 5622: 5620: 5619: 5612: 5604: 5602: 5598: 5597: 5595: 5594: 5587: 5580: 5572: 5570: 5566: 5565: 5563: 5562: 5555: 5548: 5547: 5546: 5541: 5536: 5523: 5521: 5517: 5516: 5514: 5513: 5506: 5499: 5492: 5484: 5482: 5479:Tabletop role- 5476: 5475: 5472: 5471: 5469: 5468: 5461: 5454: 5447: 5440: 5433: 5426: 5419: 5412: 5405: 5402:Mines of Moria 5397: 5395: 5384: 5383: 5376: 5369: 5362: 5355: 5348: 5341: 5334: 5327: 5320: 5319: 5318: 5304: 5297: 5290: 5289: 5288: 5276: 5269: 5262: 5259:The Two Towers 5255: 5248: 5241: 5234: 5227: 5219: 5211: 5204: 5197: 5190: 5182: 5180: 5174: 5173: 5170: 5169: 5167: 5166: 5158: 5149: 5147: 5143: 5142: 5140: 5139: 5138: 5137: 5124: 5116: 5108: 5099: 5097: 5093: 5092: 5089: 5088: 5086: 5085: 5078: 5071: 5066: 5065: 5064: 5053: 5051: 5047: 5046: 5044: 5043: 5036: 5029: 5021: 5019: 5013: 5012: 5010: 5009: 5001: 4997:The Two Towers 4993: 4984: 4978: 4970: 4969: 4967: 4966: 4958: 4946: 4933: 4931: 4924: 4918: 4917: 4915: 4914: 4906: 4898: 4890: 4878: 4865: 4863: 4859: 4858: 4856: 4855: 4854: 4853: 4846: 4839: 4827: 4818: 4809: 4807: 4801: 4800: 4798: 4797: 4789: 4780: 4778: 4774: 4773: 4771: 4770: 4765: 4760: 4755: 4750: 4749: 4748: 4743: 4741:Pauline Baynes 4732: 4730: 4724: 4723: 4721: 4720: 4712: 4704: 4695: 4693: 4689: 4688: 4679: 4672: 4671: 4669: 4668: 4661: 4654: 4647: 4640: 4633: 4626: 4619: 4612: 4605: 4598: 4591: 4590: 4589: 4584: 4579: 4567: 4559: 4557: 4551: 4550: 4547: 4546: 4544: 4543: 4538: 4537: 4536: 4529:Rings of Power 4526: 4521: 4516: 4510: 4508: 4504: 4503: 4501: 4500: 4495: 4490: 4484: 4482: 4478: 4477: 4475: 4474: 4473: 4472: 4462: 4457: 4452: 4447: 4442: 4437: 4432: 4431: 4430: 4429: 4428: 4418: 4413: 4408: 4399: 4397: 4388: 4382: 4381: 4378: 4377: 4375: 4374: 4369: 4364: 4358: 4356: 4352: 4351: 4349: 4348: 4343: 4338: 4333: 4328: 4323: 4321:Old Man Willow 4318: 4317: 4316: 4306: 4301: 4295: 4293: 4287: 4286: 4284: 4283: 4282: 4281: 4280: 4279: 4274: 4269: 4264: 4253: 4252: 4251: 4246: 4241: 4230: 4229: 4228: 4218: 4213: 4203: 4202: 4201: 4196: 4191: 4186: 4181: 4171: 4170: 4169: 4159: 4158: 4157: 4152: 4147: 4146: 4145: 4140: 4130: 4125: 4115: 4114: 4113: 4108: 4097: 4095: 4087: 4086: 4084: 4083: 4082: 4081: 4076: 4071: 4061: 4056: 4050: 4048: 4039: 4033: 4032: 4029: 4028: 4026: 4025: 4024: 4023: 4018: 4008: 4007: 4006: 4001: 3991: 3986: 3985: 3984: 3979: 3969: 3964: 3958: 3956: 3950: 3949: 3947: 3946: 3941: 3936: 3931: 3926: 3924:Modern sources 3921: 3916: 3911: 3906: 3901: 3896: 3889: 3887:Antiquarianism 3883: 3881: 3875: 3874: 3872: 3871: 3866: 3861: 3856: 3851: 3846: 3841: 3836: 3831: 3826: 3821: 3816: 3811: 3806: 3801: 3799:Mental illness 3796: 3791: 3786: 3781: 3776: 3771: 3766: 3761: 3756: 3751: 3746: 3741: 3736: 3731: 3726: 3721: 3715: 3713: 3707: 3706: 3704: 3703: 3698: 3697: 3696: 3694:A Walking Song 3691: 3686: 3681: 3676: 3669: 3657: 3652: 3651: 3650: 3645: 3644: 3643: 3638: 3628: 3618: 3613: 3608: 3603: 3597: 3595: 3586: 3580: 3579: 3572: 3570: 3568: 3567: 3566: 3565: 3560: 3558:Works inspired 3555: 3554: 3553: 3548: 3543: 3533: 3528: 3520: 3519: 3518: 3513: 3503: 3502: 3501: 3494: 3487: 3480: 3470: 3469: 3468: 3461: 3458:The Two Towers 3454: 3443: 3441: 3437: 3436: 3433: 3432: 3424: 3418: 3417: 3414: 3413: 3406: 3404: 3403: 3396: 3389: 3381: 3375: 3374: 3368: 3342: 3336: 3310: 3304: 3278: 3272: 3246: 3240: 3214: 3182: 3150: 3144: 3122: 3120: 3114: 3106:Harper Collins 3089: 3086: 3083: 3082: 3071: 3056: 3041: 3019: 2994: 2968: 2945: 2919: 2897: 2879: 2850: 2825: 2802: 2795: 2768: 2745: 2719: 2689: 2659: 2629: 2622: 2595: 2580:(1): 248–255. 2554: 2539:(1): 131–147. 2518: 2478: 2454: 2448:978-0230101661 2447: 2423: 2395: 2388: 2361: 2328: 2314: 2270: 2255: 2240: 2206: 2199: 2172: 2153: 2146: 2115: 2103: 2083: 2076: 2058:Foster, Robert 2048: 2047: 2045: 2042: 2040: 2039: 2027: 2015: 2003: 1991: 1979: 1967: 1965:, 4 March 1938 1959:Carpenter 2023 1951: 1931:Carpenter 2023 1923: 1911: 1899: 1887: 1875: 1871:Carpenter 2023 1858: 1833: 1821: 1809: 1797: 1785: 1773: 1761: 1749: 1737: 1725: 1710: 1694: 1673: 1656: 1639: 1624: 1591: 1579: 1567: 1555: 1538: 1526: 1522:Carpenter 2023 1514: 1499: 1484: 1468: 1466: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1455: 1454: 1430: 1382: 1371: 1370: 1368: 1365: 1359:, inspired by 1320: 1317: 1271: 1268: 1173:adaptation of 1101: 1098: 1096: 1093: 1015:Alfred Bastien 946: 943: 937: 934: 910: 907: 881:Samuel Johnson 738:William Morris 734:Brothers Grimm 711:Tolkien was a 708: 705: 701:spells of ruin 682: 681:Literary modes 679: 661: 658: 656: 653: 636:Marjorie Burns 570: 567: 500: 357: 354: 303:Rings of Power 262: 260: 257: 255: 252: 187:Rings of Power 143:, "ring", and 126: 125: 100:The Two Towers 89: 85: 84: 64: 60: 59: 55: 54: 46: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5694: 5683: 5680: 5678: 5675: 5673: 5670: 5668: 5665: 5663: 5660: 5658: 5655: 5653: 5650: 5648: 5645: 5643: 5640: 5639: 5637: 5618: 5617: 5613: 5611: 5610: 5606: 5605: 5603: 5599: 5593: 5592: 5588: 5586: 5585: 5581: 5579: 5578: 5574: 5573: 5571: 5567: 5561: 5560: 5556: 5554: 5553: 5549: 5545: 5542: 5540: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5531: 5530: 5529: 5525: 5524: 5522: 5518: 5512: 5511: 5507: 5505: 5504: 5500: 5498: 5497: 5493: 5491: 5490: 5486: 5485: 5483: 5481:playing games 5477: 5467: 5466: 5462: 5460: 5459: 5455: 5453: 5452: 5448: 5446: 5445: 5441: 5439: 5438: 5434: 5432: 5431: 5427: 5425: 5424: 5420: 5418: 5417: 5413: 5411: 5410: 5406: 5404: 5403: 5399: 5398: 5396: 5394: 5393: 5388: 5382: 5381: 5377: 5375: 5374: 5370: 5368: 5367: 5366:Shadow of War 5363: 5361: 5360: 5356: 5354: 5353: 5349: 5347: 5346: 5342: 5340: 5339: 5335: 5333: 5332: 5328: 5326: 5325: 5321: 5317: 5316: 5312: 5311: 5310: 5309: 5305: 5303: 5302: 5298: 5296: 5295: 5291: 5287: 5284: 5283: 5282: 5281: 5280:The Third Age 5277: 5275: 5274: 5270: 5268: 5267: 5263: 5261: 5260: 5256: 5254: 5253: 5249: 5247: 5246: 5242: 5240: 5239: 5235: 5233: 5232: 5228: 5226: 5224: 5220: 5218: 5216: 5212: 5210: 5209: 5205: 5203: 5202: 5198: 5196: 5195: 5191: 5189: 5188: 5184: 5183: 5181: 5179: 5175: 5164: 5163: 5159: 5156: 5155: 5151: 5150: 5148: 5144: 5136: 5133: 5132: 5130: 5129: 5125: 5122: 5121: 5117: 5114: 5113: 5109: 5106: 5105: 5101: 5100: 5098: 5094: 5084: 5083: 5079: 5077: 5076: 5072: 5070: 5067: 5063: 5060: 5059: 5058: 5055: 5054: 5052: 5048: 5041: 5037: 5034: 5033:Into the West 5030: 5027: 5023: 5022: 5020: 5018: 5014: 5007: 5006: 5002: 4999: 4998: 4994: 4991: 4990: 4986: 4985: 4982: 4979: 4977: 4974:Peter Jackson 4971: 4964: 4963: 4959: 4956: 4952: 4951: 4947: 4944: 4940: 4939: 4935: 4934: 4932: 4928: 4925: 4923: 4919: 4912: 4911: 4907: 4904: 4903: 4899: 4896: 4895: 4891: 4888: 4884: 4883: 4879: 4876: 4872: 4871: 4867: 4866: 4864: 4860: 4851: 4847: 4844: 4840: 4837: 4833: 4832: 4831: 4828: 4825: 4824: 4819: 4816: 4815: 4811: 4810: 4808: 4806: 4802: 4795: 4794: 4790: 4787: 4786: 4782: 4781: 4779: 4775: 4769: 4766: 4764: 4761: 4759: 4756: 4754: 4751: 4747: 4744: 4742: 4739: 4738: 4737: 4734: 4733: 4731: 4729: 4728:Illustrations 4725: 4718: 4717: 4713: 4710: 4709: 4705: 4702: 4701: 4697: 4696: 4694: 4690: 4686: 4682: 4677: 4673: 4667: 4666: 4662: 4660: 4659: 4655: 4653: 4652: 4648: 4646: 4645: 4641: 4639: 4638: 4634: 4632: 4631: 4627: 4625: 4624: 4620: 4618: 4617: 4613: 4611: 4610: 4606: 4604: 4603: 4599: 4597: 4596: 4592: 4588: 4585: 4583: 4580: 4578: 4575: 4574: 4573: 4572: 4568: 4566: 4565: 4561: 4560: 4558: 4552: 4542: 4539: 4535: 4532: 4531: 4530: 4527: 4525: 4522: 4520: 4517: 4515: 4512: 4511: 4509: 4505: 4499: 4496: 4494: 4491: 4489: 4486: 4485: 4483: 4479: 4471: 4468: 4467: 4466: 4463: 4461: 4458: 4456: 4453: 4451: 4448: 4446: 4443: 4441: 4438: 4436: 4433: 4427: 4424: 4423: 4422: 4419: 4417: 4414: 4412: 4409: 4407: 4404: 4403: 4401: 4400: 4398: 4396: 4392: 4389: 4387: 4383: 4373: 4370: 4368: 4365: 4363: 4360: 4359: 4357: 4353: 4347: 4344: 4342: 4339: 4337: 4334: 4332: 4329: 4327: 4324: 4322: 4319: 4315: 4312: 4311: 4310: 4307: 4305: 4302: 4300: 4297: 4296: 4294: 4292: 4288: 4278: 4275: 4273: 4270: 4268: 4265: 4263: 4260: 4259: 4258: 4254: 4250: 4247: 4245: 4242: 4240: 4237: 4236: 4235: 4231: 4227: 4224: 4223: 4222: 4219: 4217: 4214: 4212: 4209: 4208: 4207: 4204: 4200: 4197: 4195: 4192: 4190: 4187: 4185: 4182: 4180: 4177: 4176: 4175: 4172: 4168: 4165: 4164: 4163: 4160: 4156: 4153: 4151: 4148: 4144: 4141: 4139: 4136: 4135: 4134: 4131: 4129: 4126: 4124: 4121: 4120: 4119: 4116: 4112: 4109: 4107: 4104: 4103: 4102: 4099: 4098: 4096: 4094: 4088: 4080: 4077: 4075: 4072: 4070: 4067: 4066: 4065: 4062: 4060: 4057: 4055: 4052: 4051: 4049: 4047: 4043: 4040: 4038: 4034: 4022: 4019: 4017: 4014: 4013: 4012: 4009: 4005: 4002: 4000: 3997: 3996: 3995: 3992: 3990: 3987: 3983: 3980: 3978: 3977:Frame stories 3975: 3974: 3973: 3970: 3968: 3965: 3963: 3960: 3959: 3957: 3955: 3951: 3945: 3942: 3940: 3937: 3935: 3932: 3930: 3927: 3925: 3922: 3920: 3917: 3915: 3912: 3910: 3907: 3905: 3902: 3900: 3897: 3895: 3894: 3890: 3888: 3885: 3884: 3882: 3880: 3876: 3870: 3867: 3865: 3862: 3860: 3857: 3855: 3852: 3850: 3847: 3845: 3842: 3840: 3837: 3835: 3832: 3830: 3827: 3825: 3822: 3820: 3817: 3815: 3812: 3810: 3807: 3805: 3804:Moral dilemma 3802: 3800: 3797: 3795: 3792: 3790: 3789:Luck and fate 3787: 3785: 3782: 3780: 3777: 3775: 3772: 3770: 3767: 3765: 3762: 3760: 3757: 3755: 3752: 3750: 3747: 3745: 3742: 3740: 3737: 3735: 3732: 3730: 3727: 3725: 3722: 3720: 3717: 3716: 3714: 3712: 3708: 3702: 3699: 3695: 3692: 3690: 3687: 3685: 3682: 3680: 3677: 3675: 3674: 3670: 3668: 3667: 3663: 3662: 3661: 3658: 3656: 3653: 3649: 3646: 3642: 3639: 3637: 3634: 3633: 3632: 3629: 3627: 3624: 3623: 3622: 3619: 3617: 3614: 3612: 3609: 3607: 3604: 3602: 3599: 3598: 3596: 3594: 3590: 3587: 3585: 3581: 3576: 3564: 3561: 3559: 3556: 3552: 3549: 3547: 3544: 3542: 3539: 3538: 3537: 3534: 3532: 3529: 3527: 3524: 3523: 3521: 3517: 3514: 3512: 3509: 3508: 3507: 3504: 3499: 3495: 3492: 3488: 3485: 3481: 3478: 3474: 3473: 3471: 3467: 3466: 3462: 3460: 3459: 3455: 3453: 3452: 3448: 3447: 3445: 3444: 3442: 3438: 3431: 3430: 3427:Constructing 3425: 3423: 3420: 3419: 3415: 3411: 3410: 3402: 3397: 3395: 3390: 3388: 3383: 3382: 3379: 3371: 3369:0-395-56008-X 3365: 3361: 3357: 3356: 3351: 3347: 3343: 3339: 3333: 3329: 3325: 3324: 3319: 3315: 3311: 3307: 3301: 3297: 3293: 3292: 3287: 3283: 3279: 3275: 3269: 3265: 3261: 3260: 3255: 3251: 3247: 3243: 3237: 3233: 3229: 3228: 3223: 3219: 3215: 3211: 3207: 3203: 3199: 3198: 3193: 3192: 3187: 3183: 3179: 3175: 3171: 3167: 3166: 3161: 3160: 3155: 3151: 3147: 3141: 3137: 3136:HarperCollins 3133: 3132: 3127: 3123: 3121: 3117: 3111: 3107: 3103: 3101: 3096: 3092: 3091: 3087: 3080: 3075: 3072: 3067: 3060: 3057: 3052: 3048: 3044: 3038: 3034: 3030: 3023: 3020: 3008: 3004: 2998: 2995: 2983: 2979: 2972: 2969: 2956: 2949: 2946: 2934: 2930: 2923: 2920: 2915: 2914: 2909: 2901: 2898: 2893: 2889: 2883: 2880: 2868: 2864: 2857: 2855: 2851: 2847: 2842: 2841: 2836: 2829: 2826: 2822: 2817: 2813: 2806: 2803: 2798: 2792: 2788: 2784: 2783: 2778: 2772: 2769: 2756: 2749: 2746: 2734: 2730: 2723: 2720: 2716: 2704: 2700: 2693: 2690: 2686: 2674: 2670: 2663: 2660: 2655: 2648: 2644: 2638: 2636: 2634: 2630: 2625: 2619: 2615: 2614:HarperCollins 2611: 2610: 2605: 2599: 2596: 2591: 2587: 2583: 2579: 2575: 2574: 2569: 2563: 2561: 2559: 2555: 2550: 2546: 2542: 2538: 2534: 2533: 2525: 2523: 2519: 2514: 2510: 2506: 2502: 2498: 2497: 2492: 2485: 2483: 2479: 2474: 2470: 2463: 2461: 2459: 2455: 2450: 2444: 2440: 2436: 2435: 2427: 2424: 2419: 2415: 2414: 2409: 2405: 2399: 2396: 2391: 2385: 2381: 2377: 2370: 2368: 2366: 2362: 2358: 2356: 2352: 2351: 2347:'clean kam', 2344: 2343: 2338: 2332: 2329: 2317: 2311: 2307: 2303: 2302: 2297: 2293: 2292:Fisher, Jason 2287: 2285: 2283: 2281: 2279: 2277: 2275: 2271: 2267: 2262: 2260: 2256: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2241:0-87462-018-X 2237: 2233: 2229: 2225: 2221: 2215: 2213: 2211: 2207: 2202: 2196: 2192: 2188: 2187: 2182: 2176: 2173: 2168: 2167: 2163: 2162:Turbine, Inc. 2157: 2154: 2149: 2143: 2139: 2138:HarperCollins 2135: 2134: 2129: 2125: 2119: 2116: 2113:, p. 394 2112: 2107: 2104: 2099: 2098: 2090: 2088: 2084: 2079: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2064: 2059: 2053: 2050: 2043: 2036: 2035:Tolkien 1954a 2031: 2028: 2024: 2023:Tolkien 1954a 2019: 2016: 2012: 2007: 2004: 2001:, pp. 259–260 2000: 1995: 1992: 1988: 1987:Tolkien 1954a 1983: 1980: 1976: 1971: 1968: 1964: 1963:Stanley Unwin 1960: 1955: 1952: 1948: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1932: 1927: 1924: 1920: 1915: 1912: 1908: 1903: 1900: 1896: 1891: 1888: 1885:, p. 372 1884: 1879: 1876: 1872: 1867: 1865: 1863: 1859: 1855: 1850: 1848: 1846: 1844: 1842: 1840: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1825: 1822: 1818: 1817:Tolkien 1954a 1813: 1810: 1806: 1805:Tolkien 1954a 1801: 1798: 1794: 1793:Tolkien 1954a 1789: 1786: 1782: 1781:Tolkien 1954a 1777: 1774: 1770: 1769:Tolkien 1954a 1765: 1762: 1758: 1757:Tolkien 1954a 1753: 1750: 1746: 1745:Tolkien 1954a 1741: 1738: 1734: 1733:Tolkien 1954a 1729: 1726: 1722: 1721:Tolkien 1954a 1717: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1703: 1702:Tolkien 1954a 1698: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1686:Tolkien 1954a 1682: 1680: 1678: 1674: 1670: 1665: 1663: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1648: 1646: 1644: 1640: 1636: 1631: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1620: 1615: 1614:Jared Lobdell 1611: 1610: 1605: 1601: 1595: 1592: 1588: 1583: 1580: 1576: 1571: 1568: 1564: 1559: 1556: 1552: 1551:Tolkien 1954a 1547: 1545: 1543: 1539: 1535: 1530: 1527: 1523: 1518: 1515: 1511: 1506: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1491: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1476: 1474: 1470: 1464: 1459: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1434: 1431: 1427: 1426: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1392: 1386: 1383: 1376: 1373: 1366: 1364: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1336: 1332: 1331: 1326: 1318: 1316: 1314: 1310: 1306: 1305: 1300: 1299: 1294: 1289: 1285: 1284: 1279: 1278: 1269: 1267: 1265: 1263: 1257: 1255: 1254: 1248: 1246: 1242: 1238: 1234: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1216: 1212: 1211:Peter Jackson 1208: 1203: 1201: 1200: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1187: 1182: 1178: 1177: 1172: 1165: 1163: 1158: 1157:Peter Jackson 1153: 1149: 1147: 1143: 1142: 1137: 1133: 1132: 1123: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1110:Prancing Pony 1106: 1099: 1094: 1092: 1089: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1072: 1070: 1066: 1065: 1060: 1056: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1043:giant spiders 1040: 1036: 1033:'s epithets, 1032: 1028: 1024: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 994: 993: 986: 984: 983: 978: 974: 970: 966: 962: 961: 952: 944: 942: 935: 933: 929: 921: 916: 908: 906: 904: 900: 896: 892: 888: 887: 882: 878: 874: 870: 867: 859: 855: 851: 847: 843: 838: 834: 832: 828: 824: 820: 816: 812: 808: 804: 800: 796: 792: 789: 785: 781: 776: 774: 770: 766: 762: 758: 754: 751: 747: 743: 739: 735: 731: 726: 722: 721:Edmund Wilson 718: 714: 706: 704: 702: 698: 697: 692: 691:Northrop Frye 688: 680: 678: 676: 672: 667: 659: 654: 652: 650: 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