251:(approx. €90,150). Just weeks later the chief of police was convicted of the drug charges. Thus, Negu Gorriak not only used their music to express ideas and opinions, they also educated the youth about the reality of the Basque Country situation and the restrictive policies of the new government. The group logo shows two crossed axes on a red background, that some people consider to be related to ETA's symbol, made up of a snake winding up an axe. With such a militant message, it is no surprise that the group idolised many black militants including
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to the system of legalized racism in South Africa. Furthermore, the song continues to pull at racism with the lyrics such as "the white man has invaded our earth. There is no peace, we have unearthed for always the war axe and it will stand until the death ends with us". These lyrics use the white
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For these reasons, Negu
Gorriak used hip hop not only to reach the young listeners, but also to make a political radical political statement. On Negu Gorriak's album Esan Ozenki, the title of the track "Napartheid" (1990) is a pun cross-referencing the discrimination of the Basque culture and people
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with the
Spanish political system draws on themes of injustice, racism, and oppression. All of these ideas allow the Basque people, like those of other regions throughout the world, use hip-hop music to make the connection between minority communities worldwide and the black experience in America.
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one of their biggest influences because of their use of militant hip-hop to spread a message to
African-Americans. The group related to the oppression of the African-American community because they viewed themselves, as Basques, similarly oppressed. However, when Public Enemy toured Spain, the group
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They were completely committed to the political movement, starting with their choice to sing only in
Euskera and continuing through their way of work and the message in their songs. They decided to manage themselves and created the record label Esan Ozenki. They performed their first concert in
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movement of the 1980s, a genre most similar to punk. Their sound can be identified as a mixture of Basque
Radical Rock and American hip-hop. The Basque nationalist movement greatly affected the music and actions of all the members of the group. All of their songs are in
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Then, the song calls for action against these restrictive institutions by saying, "let’s break the chains imposed by the white man". This is the very essence of
Gorriak's music, not only creating awareness for the cause but also calling for organisation and action.
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that the government denounced a form of expression. These charges were dropped in 2001, five years after the group stopped performing together. In honour of their legal victory, the group performed three celebratory concerts to more than 30,000 people.
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Blatantly criticizing the
Spanish government, Negu Gorriak songs condemn police brutality, Spanish institutions like the Catholic Church, and the past Francoist State. Their song "Corruption" about police brutality accused the chief of police of
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was disappointed that Public Enemy were ignorant to their cause. The popularity of Negu
Gorriak was growing at this point throughout the world, and so they turned to other oppressed people who appreciated the ally.
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general, Enrique Rodríguez
Galindo for the lyrics of the song «Ustelkeria», which accuses the general and the Guardia Civil of being involved in drug trafficking. This was the first time since the end of
186:). Later in 1990, Mikel Anestesia joined them and in 1991, Mikel Bap. This was the complete membership of the group until its dissolution in 1996.
491:"Censorship Spain." FreeMuse: Freedom of Musical Expression. 28 Jan. 2004. International Basque Organisation for Human Rights. 9 Apr. 2008 <
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of having ties to embezzling drugs. After releasing this song, the group was tried and required to pay 15 million
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Negu
Gorriak was also heavily influenced by American hip-hop and the African-American community. They considered
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was formed in 1990 by the brothers Fermin and Iñigo Muguruza with Kaki Arkarazo (former members of the band
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maximum security prison, leading to problems with the government. They were renounced by the
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433:""We are All Malcolm X!"" Global Noise: Rap and Hip-Hop Outside the USA
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and central government domination. Moreover, connecting the
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532:"Say it out loud: Negu Gorriak and its legacy"
143:) were an underground Spanish group from the
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435:. Ed. Toni Mitchell. New York: Wesleyen UP.
212:Negu Gorriak was formed at the end of the
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208:Basque nationalism and other influences
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16:Spanish band from the Basque Country
543:Borreroak Baditu Milaka Aurpegi -
493:http://www.freemuse.org/sw4643.asp
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375:Hipokrisiari Stop! Bilbo 93-X-30
367:Borreroak Baditu Milaka Aurpegi
264:man to symbolise the threat of
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145:Basque Autonomous Community
51:Basque Autonomous Community
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538:Negu Gorriak in Purevolume
482:Urla (2001). pp. 171-193.
431:Urla, Jacqueline (2001).
270:apartheid in South Africa
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563:Spanish musical groups
408:(DVD + Live CD) (2005)
141:"Severe/Harsh Winters"
38:Background information
454:MTV.es | Negu Gorriak
473:Urla (2001). p. 173.
464:Urla (2001). p. 176.
231:(button accordion).
192:Herrera de la Mancha
517:Esan Ozenki Records
266:Spanish nationalism
214:Basque Radical Rock
568:Basque music bands
498:2008-05-03 at the
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104:Past members
88:Years active
23:Negu Gorriak
399:Salam, agur
359:Gora Herria
336:Discography
303:– guitarist
287:lead singer
557:Categories
441:References
391:Ustelkeria
223:Euskaltegi
92:1990–1996
406:1990-2001
321:Mikel Bap
296:guitarist
253:Malcolm X
228:trikitixa
190:front of
125:Mikel Bap
545:Allmusic
496:Archived
413:See also
69:hardcore
47:Gipuzkoa
325:drummer
311:bassist
277:Members
261:Navarre
249:pesetas
219:Euskera
184:Kortatu
175:History
169:Euskara
153:hip-hop
73:hip-hop
547:Review
402:(1996)
394:(1996)
386:(1995)
378:(1994)
370:(1993)
362:(1991)
354:(1991)
346:(1990)
331:(1991)
327:since
317:(1991)
313:since
161:reggae
159:, and
81:reggae
61:Genres
43:Origin
502:>.
55:Spain
94:2001
65:Rock
259:in
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157:ska
139:or
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