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102:), may be the cause of orbital perturbations of some outer Solar System objects. In 2010, researchers found evidence in the fossil record confirming the extinction event periodicity originally identified in 1984, but at a higher confidence level and over a time period nearly twice as long. However, in 2011, researchers analyzed craters on the surface of the Earth and reached the conclusion that the earlier findings were
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In 2010, Melott & Bambach re-examined the fossil data, including the now-improved dating, and using a second independent database in addition to that Raup & Sepkoski had used. They found evidence for a signal showing an excess extinction rate with a 27-million-year periodicity, now going back
425:
Calculations in the 1980s suggested that a
Nemesis object would have an irregular orbit due to perturbations from the galaxy and passing stars. The Melott and Bambach work shows an extremely regular signal, inconsistent with the expected irregularities in such an orbit. Thus, while supporting the
355:
Brown has stated that it is more likely that one or more non-companion stars, passing near the Sun billions of years ago, could have pulled Sedna out into its current orbit. In 2004, Kenyon forwarded this explanation after analysis of Sedna's orbital data and computer modeling of possible ancient
347:
magazine article that Sedna's location seemed to defy reasoning: "Sedna shouldn't be there", Brown said. "There's no way to put Sedna where it is. It never comes close enough to be affected by the Sun, but it never goes far enough away from the Sun to be affected by other stars." Brown therefore
315:
In 2010, and again in 2013, Melott & Bambach found evidence for a signal showing an excess extinction rate with a 27-million-year periodicity. However, because
Nemesis is so distant from the Sun, it is expected to be subject to perturbations by passing stars, and therefore its orbital period
187:) could be shown to coincide with large impact events. Although Raup and Sepkoski could not identify the cause of their supposed periodicity, they suggested a possible non-terrestrial connection. The challenge to propose a mechanism was quickly addressed by several teams of astronomers.
90:
at the time of its formation, leading them to suggest "there probably was a
Nemesis, a long time ago". Such a star would have separated from this binary system over four billion years ago, meaning it could not be responsible for the more recent perceived cycle of mass extinctions.
275:
As of 2012, more than 1800 brown dwarfs have been identified. There are actually fewer brown dwarfs in our cosmic neighborhood than previously thought. Rather than one star for every brown dwarf, there may be as many as six stars for every brown dwarf. The majority of
1788:
299:
of a number of atypical long-period comets that describe an orbital arc meeting the specifications of Muller's hypothesis. Richard Muller's most recent paper relevant to the
Nemesis theory was published in 2002. In 2002, Muller speculated that Nemesis was
418:, and the closer a brown dwarf is, the easier it is to detect. Preliminary results of the WISE survey were released on April 14, 2011. On March 14, 2012, the entire catalog of the WISE mission was released. In 2014, WISE data ruled out a
136:, a senior scientist at NASA known for his work in risk assessment of near Earth objects, has written that there is no confidence in the existence of an object like Nemesis, since it should have been detected in infrared sky surveys.
430:. According to a 2011 NASA news release, "recent scientific analysis no longer supports the idea that extinctions on Earth happen at regular, repeating intervals, and thus, the Nemesis hypothesis is no longer needed."
3274:
2848:
3244:
3045:
1008:; Cushing, Michael C.; Gelino, Christopher R.; Griffith, Roger L.; et al. (2011). "The First Hundred Brown Dwarfs Discovered by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE)".
4379:
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Melott, Adrian L.; Bambach, Richard K. (18 July 2013). "Do periodicities in extinction—with possible astronomical connections—survive a revision of the geological timescale?".
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over the time period in question. The average time interval between extinction events was determined as 26 million years. At the time, two of the identified extinction events (
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has an extra-long and unusual elliptical orbit around the Sun, ranging between 76 and 937 AU. Sedna's orbit takes about 11,400 years to complete once. Its discoverer,
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508:
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86:, which seem to occur more often at intervals of 26 million years. In a 2017 paper, Sarah Sadavoy and Steven Stahler argued that the Sun was probably part of a
1406:
Raghavan, Deepak; McAlister, Harold A.; Henry, Todd J.; Mason, David W.; et al. (2010). "A Survey of
Stellar Families: Multiplicity of Solar-Type Stars".
272:. (The proper motion of Barnard's Star was detected in 1916.) Muller expects Nemesis to be discovered by the time parallax surveys reach the 10th magnitude.
1726:(Provides a very entertaining and readable review of the Nemesis extinction hypothesis, including dozens of references to scientific articles on the topic.)
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published a paper claiming that they had identified a statistical periodicity in extinction rates over the last 250 million years using various forms of
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postulated that a massive unseen object may be responsible for Sedna's anomalous orbit. This line of inquiry eventually led to the hypothesis of
1644:
03/11/10, Author: Leslie Mullen, Article about
Nemesis and Tyche theory, and how the WISE Sky Survey Mission may prove or disprove the theories.
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Kenyon, Scott J.; Benjamin C. Bromley (2004). "Stellar encounters as the origin of distant Solar System objects in highly eccentric orbits".
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extinction periodicity, it appears to be inconsistent with the
Nemesis hypothesis, though of course not inconsistent with other kinds of
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383:, which ran from 1997 to 2001, failed to detect a star, or brown dwarf, in the Solar System. If Nemesis exists, it may be detected by
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should shift by 15–30%. The existence of a sharp 27-million year peak in extinction events is therefore inconsistent with
Nemesis.
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Searches for
Nemesis in the infrared are important because cooler stars comparatively shine brighter in infrared light. The
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Muller, referring to the date of a recent extinction at 11 million years before the present day, posits that
Nemesis has a
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Lynn Yarris. "Does a Companion Star to the Sun Cause Earth's Periodic Mass Extinctions?" Science Beat. Spring 1987
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1320:"Measurement of the lunar impact record for the past 3.5 billion years, and implications for the Nemesis theory"
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Measurement of the lunar impact record for the past 3.5 billion years, and implications for the Nemesis theory
280:-type stars are single. The previous idea stated half or perhaps most stellar systems were binary, triple, or
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If it does exist, the exact nature of Nemesis is uncertain. Muller suggests that the most likely object is a
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Whitmire, D.P.; Jackson, A.A. (1984). "Are periodic mass extinctions driven by a distant solar companion?".
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associated with clusters of stars, rather than the single-star systems that tend to be seen most often.
95:
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and would escape detection by older proper motion surveys that have found stars like the 9th-magnitude
120:
Using newer and more powerful infrared telescope technology able to detect brown dwarfs as cool as 150
117:, which ran from 1997 to 2001, failed to detect an additional star or brown dwarf in the Solar System.
106:, and found that the crater record shows no evidence for Nemesis. The Infrared Astronomical Satellite (
291:
of about 1.5 light-years (95,000 AU) and suggests it is located (supported by Yarris, 1987) near
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98:, or the angular effect of the galactic gravity plane working against the outer solar orbital plane (
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measurements) was expected to be able to find it. WISE can detect 150-kelvin brown dwarfs out to 10
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1385:
981:"The idea has been disproved by several infrared sky surveys, most recently the WISE mission"
753:"All stars in the universe may form in pairs — but we can't find the sun's missing 'Nemesis'"
570:
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500 million years, and at a much higher statistical significance than in the older work.
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538:. Astrobiology Magazine (Cosmic Evolution). Archived from the original on 14 March 2010
479:
459:
324:
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to explain Raup and Sepkoski's extinction periodicity in the same issue of the journal
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2239:
2197:
2182:
2167:
2033:
1992:
1957:
1777:
1349:"DwarfArchives.org: Photometry, spectroscopy, and astrometry of M, L, and T dwarfs"
1230:
1180:
892:
826:
403:
257:
238:
1447:
1657:
Foot R., Silagadze Z. K. (2001). "Do mirror planets exist in our solar system?".
1642:"Astrobiology Magazine", "Cosmic Evolution" Section, "Getting WISE about Nemesis"
4910:
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3436:
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2172:
464:
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336:
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59:
42:
27:
Hypothetical star orbiting the Sun, supposedly responsible for extinction events
591:
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4675:
4645:
4630:
4418:
4406:
4166:
4028:
3654:
3455:
3402:
3142:
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2305:
1706:
415:
384:
234:
216:
200:
172:
125:
75:
71:
17:
729:
252:
between 7 and 12, while Daniel P. Whitmire and Albert A. Jackson argue for a
4602:
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4265:
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4126:
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3616:
3487:
3416:
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2838:
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2556:
2479:
2474:
2192:
2145:
2014:
1997:
720:
685:
395:
245:
55:
818:
1697:
1253:
638:
619:
372:
failed to discover Nemesis by 1986. The Infrared Astronomical Satellite (
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4411:
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4298:
4136:
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3469:
3307:
2926:
2774:
2630:
2615:
2356:
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1911:
1671:
793:
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296:
261:
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on Earth. This became known as the "Nemesis" or "Death Star" hypothesis.
208:
810:
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4729:
4724:
4561:
4551:
4359:
4171:
3883:
3878:
2711:
2699:
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2024:
2002:
1877:
1862:
1713:
1693:, Geological Society of America Special Paper 356, pp 659–665 (2002). I
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4811:
3152:
2445:
2440:
2349:
2344:
2058:
2053:
2019:
2007:
1952:
1904:
1897:
1872:
1867:
1222:
1172:
1068:"Scientists today no longer think an object like Nemesis could exist"
419:
160:
121:
1122:"NASA's WISE Survey Finds Thousands of New Stars, But No 'Planet X'"
1024:
4989:
1718:
1298:
702:
4556:
4315:
2469:
2048:
1980:
1975:
1890:
1845:
1840:
1607:
NASA's WISE Survey Finds Thousands of New Stars, But No 'Planet X'
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1422:
865:
377:
230:
111:
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2101:
1985:
1850:
373:
107:
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1750:
1746:
1583:"NASA Releases New WISE Mission Catalog of Entire Infrared Sky"
422:
or larger-sized body in the Oort cloud out to ten thousand AU.
225:. This hypothesis proposes that the Sun may have an undetected
1830:
277:
63:
1558:"NASA – WISE Delivers Millions of Galaxies, Stars, Asteroids"
1786:
1325:. Geol. Soc. of America Special Paper 356, pp 659–665 (2002)
1386:"Brown Dwarfs, Runts of Stellar Litter, Rarer than Thought"
94:
More recent theories suggest that other forces, like close
853:
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters
1544:
An Astrometric Search for a Stellar Companion to the Sun
929:"Sun's Nemesis Pelted Earth with Comets, Study Suggests"
229:
in a highly elliptical orbit that periodically disturbs
927:
Leslie Mullen (Astrobiology Magazine) (11 March 2010).
328:
Sedna orbit compared to the Solar System and Oort cloud
295:, based on a hypothetical orbit derived from original
4978:
3719:
Self-indication assumption doomsday argument rebuttal
1714:
TeV scale gravity, mirror universe, and ... dinosaurs
3645:
Safety of high-energy particle collision experiments
684:
Sadavoy, Sarah I.; Stahler, Steven W. (2017-05-03).
4853:
4822:
4755:
4613:
4284:
4159:
4070:
4027:
4020:
3986:
3790:
3781:
3696:
3550:
3290:
3227:
2977:
2813:
2743:
2454:
2396:
2089:
1951:
1546:(Ph.D. thesis). University of California, Berkeley.
203:, Daniel P. Whitmire and Albert A. Jackson IV, and
62:, originally postulated in 1984 to be orbiting the
260:, but it would only be confirmed by measuring its
1277:(1916). "A small star with large proper motion".
1199:"Extinction of species by periodic comet showers"
690:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
592:"Periodicity of Extinctions in the Geologic Past"
571:“Extinction of species by periodic comet showers”
406:(an infrared sky survey that covered most of the
132:(WISE survey) has not detected Nemesis. In 2011,
37:Not to be confused with the hypothetical planets
4773:List of apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction
1790:
1512:
1510:
1146:
1144:
1142:
971:
969:
660:"New evidence that all stars are born in pairs"
599:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
376:) failed to discover Nemesis in the 1980s. The
360:Past, current, and pending searches for Nemesis
110:) failed to discover Nemesis in the 1980s. The
4671:List of dates predicted for apocalyptic events
1705:Richard A. Muller, lecture where he describes
590:Raup, D.M.; Sepkoski, J.J. (1 February 1984).
264:; due to orbiting the Sun it would have a low
159:. They focused on the extinction intensity of
3676:Existential risk from artificial intelligence
3503:
1762:
1732:Evidence Mounts For Companion Star To Our Sun
1384:Ian O'Neill (Discovery News) (12 June 2012).
1310:
1308:
947:
945:
8:
1368:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1192:
1190:
1099:. NASA Ask An Astrobiologist. Archived from
1070:. NASA Ask An Astrobiologist. Archived from
983:. NASA Ask An Astrobiologist. Archived from
529:
527:
525:
523:
521:
519:
517:
308:from a circular orbit into an orbit with an
3724:Self-referencing doomsday argument rebuttal
4024:
3827:Climate change and civilizational collapse
3787:
3510:
3496:
3488:
2740:
1948:
1944:
1769:
1755:
1747:
1097:"this hypothetical Nemesis does not exist"
585:
583:
1670:
1650:Nemesis: Does the Sun Have a 'Companion'?
1619:"Can WISE Find the Hypothetical 'Tyche'?"
1474:
1421:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1197:Davis, M.; Hut, P.; Muller, R.A. (1984).
1023:
882:
864:
792:
719:
701:
686:"Embedded binaries and their dense cores"
628:
618:
4830:Centre for the Study of Existential Risk
4768:Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction
3282:Interstellar and circumstellar molecules
842:
840:
838:
836:
774:
772:
511:, 22 Feb 1984, Page B6, Associated Press
323:
5052:Hypothetical bodies of the Solar System
4985:
3478:) may be read as "within" or "part of".
2506:Planetary orbit-crossing minor planets
1256:. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
500:
140:Claimed periodicity of mass extinctions
1585:. Nasa JPL. 2012-03-14. Archived from
1361:
1124:. Nasa JPL. 2014-03-07. Archived from
548:
1702:(Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1988, OP)
509:"Scientists claim killer star exists"
195:Development of the Nemesis hypotheses
7:
5087:Hypothetical trans-Neptunian objects
3847:Tipping points in the climate system
1347:, Adam Burgasser (6 November 2012).
1011:The Astrophysical Journal Supplement
847:Melott, A.L.; Bambach, R.K. (2010).
256:. If a red dwarf, it would exist in
3842:Extinction risk from climate change
3741:New World Order (conspiracy theory)
130:Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer
4802:List of fictional doomsday devices
215:, independently published similar
25:
3822:Cataclysmic pole shift hypothesis
569:M. Davis, P. Hut, and R. Muller,
5024:
5012:
5000:
4988:
4938:
4937:
4925:
4083:Decline in amphibian populations
3369:
3357:
3345:
884:10.1111/j.1745-3933.2010.00913.x
4434:Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse
3931:Land surface effects on climate
3904:Human impact on the environment
3535:Future of an expanding universe
3245:Gravitationally rounded objects
534:Leslie Mullen (11 March 2010).
394:In particular, if Nemesis is a
66:at a distance of about 95,000
1:
5067:Solar System dynamic theories
4380:Interpretations of Revelation
4182:Cosmological phase transition
4088:Decline in insect populations
3540:Ultimate fate of the universe
1621:. NASA/JPL. February 18, 2011
450:Lists of astronomical objects
5102:Obsolete theories in physics
4835:Future of Humanity Institute
4232:Potentially hazardous object
4132:Interplanetary contamination
1517:Cal Fussman (May 27, 2006).
909:. Max Planck. August 1, 2011
751:Levine, David (2018-06-19).
536:"Getting WISE About Nemesis"
490:Vulcan (hypothetical planet)
4715:Nemesis (hypothetical star)
3864:Global terrestrial stilling
3340:Outline of the Solar System
3103:Interplanetary medium/space
1743:(Max Planck August 1, 2011)
1519:"The Man Who Finds Planets"
1374:(M=536, L=918, T=355, Y=14)
485:Tyche (hypothetical planet)
356:non-companion star passes.
304:400 million years ago by a
5118:
5072:M-type main-sequence stars
4227:Asteroid impact prediction
4202:Heat death of the universe
3612:Mutual assured destruction
3056:Extraterrestrial materials
1653:, Space.com, 3 April 2001.
1560:. Nasa.gov. Archived from
1042:10.1088/0067-0049/197/2/19
36:
29:
4919:
4845:Nuclear Threat Initiative
4778:List of apocalyptic films
4621:2011 end times prediction
4353:Prophecy of Seventy Weeks
4348:Abomination of desolation
4222:Asteroid impact avoidance
4052:List of extinction events
3894:Environmental degradation
3681:Technological singularity
3525:
3519:Global catastrophic risks
3376:Earth sciences portal
3335:
3098:Interplanetary dust cloud
1942:
1784:
1493:10.1088/0004-637X/773/1/6
1463:The Astrophysical Journal
1440:10.1088/0067-0049/190/1/1
1409:The Astrophysical Journal
555:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
80:cycle of mass extinctions
78:, to explain a perceived
4840:Future of Life Institute
4742:Resurrection of the dead
4735:Post-tribulation rapture
4117:Colony collapse disorder
3389:Local Interstellar Cloud
2107:other near-Earth objects
366:University of California
124:out to a distance of 10
32:Nemesis (disambiguation)
3666:Artificial intelligence
3352:Solar System portal
3078:Giant-impact hypothesis
2685:Trans-Neptunian objects
953:"Science: Brown Dwarfs"
445:Giant-impact hypothesis
343:of Caltech, noted in a
74:), somewhat beyond the
4795:List of disaster films
4636:Apocalyptic literature
3736:Malthusian catastrophe
3662:Synthetic intelligence
3240:Possible dwarf planets
3083:Gravitational collapse
3021:Circumstellar envelope
1826:
849:"Nemesis Reconsidered"
470:Planets beyond Neptune
455:Nemesis (Asimov novel)
410:in movement-verifying
391:astronomical surveys.
334:trans-Neptunian object
329:
96:passage of other stars
4177:Coronal mass ejection
3639:Electromagnetic pulse
3600:Kinetic energy weapon
3449:Laniakea Supercluster
3066:Sample-return mission
1825:
1719:Acta Physica Polonica
1659:Acta Physica Polonica
1095:(November 25, 2010).
721:10.1093/mnras/stx1061
620:10.1073/pnas.81.3.801
370:Leuschner Observatory
327:
282:multiple-star systems
104:statistical artifacts
4579:War of Gog and Magog
4256:Near-Earth supernova
4006:Human overpopulation
3810:Mass mortality event
3704:Anthropogenic hazard
3364:Astronomy portal
3265:Solar System objects
3011:Circumplanetary disk
1279:Astronomical Journal
1103:on December 13, 2012
1074:on December 13, 2012
1006:Kirkpatrick, J. Davy
979:(October 17, 2012).
181:Cretaceous–Paleogene
157:time series analysis
30:For other uses, see
4651:Blood moon prophecy
4444:Number of the Beast
4042:Holocene extinction
3988:Earth Overshoot Day
3936:Ocean acidification
3899:Habitat destruction
3889:Ecological collapse
3595:Kinetic bombardment
3530:Future of the Earth
3463:Observable universe
3260:Solar System models
3190:Protoplanetary disk
3113:Interstellar medium
3073:Frost/Ice/Snow line
1696:Richard A. Muller,
1687:Richard A. Muller,
1681:2001AcPPB..32.2271F
1521:. Discover magazine
1485:2013ApJ...773....6M
1432:2010ApJS..190....1R
1291:1916AJ.....29..181B
1215:1984Natur.308..715D
1165:1984Natur.308..713W
1034:2011ApJS..197...19K
987:on October 23, 2012
907:"Nemesis is a myth"
875:2010MNRAS.407L..99M
811:10.1038/nature03136
803:2004Natur.432..598K
712:2017MNRAS.469.3881S
611:1984PNAS...81..801R
381:astronomical survey
163:families of marine
115:astronomical survey
5057:Hypothetical stars
4966:Doomsday scenarios
4532:Beast of the Earth
4424:Book of Revelation
4212:Virtual black hole
4192:False vacuum decay
4142:Pollinator decline
4105:Biological warfare
4095:Biotechnology risk
3946:Resource depletion
3443:Virgo Supercluster
3424:Milky Way subgroup
3255:Natural satellites
3138:Nebular hypothesis
3118:Interstellar space
3108:Interstellar cloud
3016:Circumstellar disc
2606:Near-Earth objects
2490:names and meanings
1827:
1647:Robert Roy Britt,
1066:(August 2, 2011).
428:substellar objects
408:solar neighborhood
330:
250:apparent magnitude
128:from the Sun, the
5082:Extinction events
4976:
4975:
4807:Zombie apocalypse
4708:Postmillennialism
4503:Great Tribulation
4276:Stellar collision
4237:Near-Earth object
4187:Geomagnetic storm
4155:
4154:
4078:Biodiversity loss
4062:Genetic pollution
4016:
4015:
3805:Biodiversity loss
3768:Societal collapse
3746:Nuclear holocaust
3731:Economic collapse
3714:Doomsday argument
3632:Antimatter weapon
3485:
3484:
3330:
3329:
3326:
3325:
3303:Lagrangian points
3275:by discovery date
2873:Human spaceflight
2844:historical models
2737:
2736:
2362:S/2015 (136472) 1
1741:Nemesis is a myth
1316:Richard A. Muller
1250:Richard A. Muller
1209:(5961): 715–717.
1159:(5961): 713–715.
787:(7017): 598–602.
213:Richard A. Muller
177:extinction events
175:, identifying 12
84:geological record
16:(Redirected from
5109:
5029:
5028:
5017:
5016:
5015:
5005:
5004:
5003:
4993:
4992:
4984:
4941:
4940:
4932:World portal
4930:
4929:
4891:Financial crisis
4720:Nibiru cataclysm
4698:Premillennialism
4542:Dhul-Suwayqatayn
4510:Son of perdition
4498:Olivet Discourse
4474:Whore of Babylon
4100:Biological agent
4047:Human extinction
4037:Extinction event
4025:
3996:Overexploitation
3926:Land consumption
3921:Land degradation
3788:
3650:Micro black hole
3558:Chemical warfare
3512:
3505:
3498:
3489:
3479:
3477:
3468:
3461:
3454:
3447:
3441:
3435:
3429:
3422:
3415:
3408:
3401:
3394:
3387:
3374:
3373:
3372:
3362:
3361:
3360:
3350:
3349:
3348:
3051:Exozodiacal dust
2741:
2707:Detached objects
1949:
1945:
1789:
1771:
1764:
1757:
1748:
1711:Z.K. Silagadze,
1684:
1674:
1672:astro-ph/0104251
1665:(7): 2271–2278.
1630:
1629:
1627:
1626:
1615:
1609:
1604:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1594:
1579:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1569:
1554:
1548:
1547:
1540:Perlmutter, Saul
1536:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1526:
1514:
1505:
1504:
1478:
1458:
1452:
1451:
1425:
1403:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1393:
1381:
1375:
1373:
1367:
1359:
1357:
1356:
1345:Davy Kirkpatrick
1340:
1334:
1333:
1331:
1330:
1324:
1312:
1303:
1302:
1271:
1265:
1264:
1262:
1261:
1246:
1235:
1234:
1223:10.1038/308715a0
1194:
1185:
1184:
1173:10.1038/308713a0
1148:
1137:
1136:
1134:
1133:
1118:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1108:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1079:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1027:
1002:
996:
995:
993:
992:
973:
964:
963:
961:
960:
949:
940:
939:
937:
936:
924:
918:
917:
915:
914:
903:
897:
896:
886:
868:
844:
831:
830:
796:
794:astro-ph/0412030
776:
767:
766:
764:
763:
757:Business Insider
748:
742:
741:
723:
705:
696:(4): 3881–3900.
681:
675:
674:
672:
671:
656:
650:
649:
647:
645:
632:
622:
596:
587:
578:
577:308, 715 (1984).
567:
561:
560:
554:
546:
544:
543:
531:
512:
505:
475:Shiva hypothesis
185:Eocene–Oligocene
100:Shiva Hypothesis
21:
5117:
5116:
5112:
5111:
5110:
5108:
5107:
5106:
5097:Cosmic doomsday
5037:
5036:
5035:
5023:
5013:
5011:
5001:
4999:
4987:
4979:
4977:
4972:
4951:Future problems
4924:
4915:
4849:
4818:
4785:Climate fiction
4751:
4626:2012 phenomenon
4609:
4515:Sheep and Goats
4402:2 Thessalonians
4280:
4197:Gamma-ray burst
4151:
4066:
4057:Genetic erosion
4012:
3982:
3973:Water pollution
3941:Ozone depletion
3837:Desertification
3777:
3692:
3627:Doomsday device
3607:Nuclear warfare
3546:
3521:
3516:
3486:
3481:
3475:
3473:
3472:
3466:
3459:
3452:
3445:
3439:
3433:
3427:
3420:
3413:
3406:
3399:
3392:
3385:
3370:
3368:
3358:
3356:
3346:
3344:
3331:
3322:
3286:
3223:
3207:vs. Hill sphere
3133:Molecular cloud
3061:Sample curation
3041:Detached object
2980:
2973:
2817:
2809:
2746:
2733:
2678:Neptune trojans
2461:
2459:
2457:
2450:
2392:
2085:
1956:
1938:
1824:
1787:
1780:
1775:
1724:(2001) 99–128.
1656:
1638:
1633:
1624:
1622:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1605:
1601:
1592:
1590:
1581:
1580:
1576:
1567:
1565:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1538:
1537:
1533:
1524:
1522:
1516:
1515:
1508:
1460:
1459:
1455:
1405:
1404:
1400:
1391:
1389:
1383:
1382:
1378:
1360:
1354:
1352:
1342:
1341:
1337:
1328:
1326:
1322:
1314:
1313:
1306:
1273:
1272:
1268:
1259:
1257:
1248:
1247:
1238:
1196:
1195:
1188:
1150:
1149:
1140:
1131:
1129:
1120:
1119:
1115:
1106:
1104:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1077:
1075:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1004:
1003:
999:
990:
988:
975:
974:
967:
958:
956:
951:
950:
943:
934:
932:
926:
925:
921:
912:
910:
905:
904:
900:
859:(1): L99–L102.
846:
845:
834:
778:
777:
770:
761:
759:
750:
749:
745:
683:
682:
678:
669:
667:
658:
657:
653:
643:
641:
594:
589:
588:
581:
568:
564:
547:
541:
539:
533:
532:
515:
506:
502:
498:
436:
387:or the planned
362:
322:
289:semi-major axis
197:
146:paleontologists
142:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5115:
5113:
5105:
5104:
5099:
5094:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5059:
5054:
5049:
5039:
5038:
5034:
5033:
5021:
5009:
4997:
4974:
4973:
4971:
4970:
4969:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4946:Apocalypticism
4935:
4920:
4917:
4916:
4914:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4857:
4855:
4851:
4850:
4848:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4826:
4824:
4820:
4819:
4817:
4816:
4815:
4814:
4804:
4799:
4798:
4797:
4790:Disaster films
4787:
4782:
4781:
4780:
4775:
4765:
4763:Alien invasion
4759:
4757:
4753:
4752:
4750:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4738:
4737:
4732:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4711:
4710:
4705:
4703:Amillennialism
4700:
4690:
4688:Millenarianism
4685:
4684:
4683:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4641:Apocalypticism
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4617:
4615:
4611:
4610:
4608:
4607:
4606:
4605:
4595:
4590:
4589:
4588:
4587:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4566:
4565:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4537:Dhu al-Qarnayn
4534:
4529:
4519:
4518:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4506:
4505:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4483:Great Apostasy
4480:
4479:
4478:
4477:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4421:
4416:
4415:
4414:
4409:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4383:
4382:
4372:
4362:
4357:
4356:
4355:
4350:
4340:
4330:
4328:Last Judgement
4325:
4324:
4323:
4318:
4308:
4307:
4306:
4301:
4290:
4288:
4286:Eschatological
4282:
4281:
4279:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4252:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4240:
4239:
4229:
4224:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4163:
4161:
4157:
4156:
4153:
4152:
4150:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4113:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4092:
4091:
4090:
4085:
4074:
4072:
4068:
4067:
4065:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4033:
4031:
4022:
4018:
4017:
4014:
4013:
4011:
4010:
4009:
4008:
4001:Overpopulation
3998:
3992:
3990:
3984:
3983:
3981:
3980:
3978:Water scarcity
3975:
3970:
3965:
3964:
3963:
3953:
3951:Sea level rise
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3917:
3916:
3914:on marine life
3911:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3869:Global warming
3866:
3861:
3859:Global dimming
3856:
3851:
3850:
3849:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3817:Cascade effect
3814:
3813:
3812:
3802:
3796:
3794:
3792:Climate change
3785:
3779:
3778:
3776:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3764:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3727:
3726:
3721:
3711:
3706:
3700:
3698:
3694:
3693:
3691:
3690:
3685:
3684:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3659:
3658:
3657:
3652:
3642:
3636:
3635:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3622:Doomsday Clock
3619:
3614:
3604:
3603:
3602:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3581:
3580:
3575:
3573:Cyberterrorism
3570:
3560:
3554:
3552:
3548:
3547:
3545:
3544:
3543:
3542:
3532:
3526:
3523:
3522:
3517:
3515:
3514:
3507:
3500:
3492:
3483:
3482:
3379:
3378:
3366:
3354:
3342:
3336:
3333:
3332:
3328:
3327:
3324:
3323:
3321:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3294:
3292:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3284:
3279:
3278:
3277:
3272:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3231:
3229:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3221:
3219:Scattered disc
3216:
3211:
3210:
3209:
3199:
3194:
3193:
3192:
3187:
3186:
3185:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3069:
3068:
3063:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3007:
3006:
3004:Excretion disk
2999:Accretion disk
2996:
2991:
2989:Star formation
2985:
2983:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2935:
2934:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2913:
2912:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2891:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2878:space stations
2870:
2869:
2868:
2863:
2853:
2852:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2831:
2825:
2823:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2751:
2749:
2738:
2735:
2734:
2732:
2731:
2726:
2725:
2724:
2719:
2717:Scattered disc
2714:
2709:
2704:
2703:
2702:
2697:
2682:
2681:
2680:
2675:
2665:
2664:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2602:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2585:
2584:
2579:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2549:
2548:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2504:
2499:
2498:
2497:
2492:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2466:
2464:
2452:
2451:
2449:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2408:
2402:
2400:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2390:
2389:
2388:
2378:
2377:
2376:
2366:
2365:
2364:
2354:
2353:
2352:
2342:
2341:
2340:
2335:
2325:
2324:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2293:
2292:
2291:
2281:
2280:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2254:
2253:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2217:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2160:
2159:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2128:
2127:
2126:
2121:
2111:
2110:
2109:
2104:
2095:
2093:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2083:
2082:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2028:
2027:
2022:
2012:
2011:
2010:
2005:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1962:
1960:
1943:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1936:
1929:
1922:
1915:
1908:
1901:
1894:
1887:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1776:
1774:
1773:
1766:
1759:
1751:
1745:
1744:
1738:
1735:
1734:. Apr 25, 2006
1728:
1709:
1707:Nemesis Theory
1703:
1694:
1685:
1654:
1645:
1637:
1636:External links
1634:
1632:
1631:
1610:
1599:
1574:
1549:
1531:
1506:
1453:
1398:
1376:
1343:Chris Gelino,
1335:
1304:
1299:10.1086/104156
1275:Barnard, E. E.
1266:
1236:
1186:
1138:
1113:
1093:David Morrison
1084:
1064:David Morrison
1055:
997:
977:David Morrison
965:
941:
919:
898:
832:
768:
743:
676:
651:
605:(3): 801–805.
579:
562:
513:
499:
497:
494:
493:
492:
487:
482:
480:Theia (planet)
477:
472:
467:
462:
460:Malmquist bias
457:
452:
447:
442:
435:
432:
361:
358:
321:
320:Orbit of Sedna
318:
270:Barnard's Star
227:companion star
196:
193:
141:
138:
134:David Morrison
26:
24:
18:Nemesis (star)
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5114:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
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5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
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5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5044:
5042:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5020:
5010:
5008:
4998:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4982:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4961:Risk analysis
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4943:
4936:
4934:
4933:
4928:
4922:
4921:
4918:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4906:Social crisis
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4858:
4856:
4852:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4827:
4825:
4823:Organizations
4821:
4813:
4810:
4809:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4796:
4793:
4792:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4770:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4760:
4758:
4754:
4748:
4747:World to come
4745:
4743:
4740:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4727:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4695:
4694:
4693:Millennialism
4691:
4689:
4686:
4682:
4681:Messianic Age
4679:
4678:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4666:Gog and Magog
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4656:Earth Changes
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
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4612:
4604:
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4600:
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4567:
4563:
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4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4524:
4523:
4520:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4504:
4501:
4500:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4493:New Jerusalem
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4469:War in Heaven
4467:
4465:
4464:Two witnesses
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
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4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4404:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4381:
4378:
4377:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4367:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4345:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4334:
4333:Second Coming
4331:
4329:
4326:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4313:
4312:
4309:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4296:
4295:
4292:
4291:
4289:
4287:
4283:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4238:
4235:
4234:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4219:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4164:
4162:
4158:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4097:
4096:
4093:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4080:
4079:
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4073:
4069:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4034:
4032:
4030:
4026:
4023:
4019:
4007:
4004:
4003:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3993:
3991:
3989:
3985:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3962:
3959:
3958:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3906:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3832:Deforestation
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3811:
3808:
3807:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3797:
3795:
3793:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3780:
3774:
3773:World War III
3771:
3769:
3766:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3748:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3716:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3701:
3699:
3695:
3689:
3688:Transhumanism
3686:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3668:
3667:
3663:
3660:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3647:
3646:
3643:
3640:
3637:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3609:
3608:
3605:
3601:
3598:
3597:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3565:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3555:
3553:
3551:Technological
3549:
3541:
3538:
3537:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3527:
3524:
3520:
3513:
3508:
3506:
3501:
3499:
3494:
3493:
3490:
3480:
3471:
3464:
3457:
3450:
3444:
3438:
3432:
3425:
3418:
3411:
3404:
3397:
3390:
3383:
3377:
3367:
3365:
3355:
3353:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3337:
3334:
3319:
3318:Tidal locking
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3298:Double planet
3296:
3295:
3293:
3289:
3283:
3280:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3267:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3250:Minor planets
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3232:
3230:
3226:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3208:
3205:
3204:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3191:
3188:
3184:
3183:Merging stars
3181:
3180:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3155:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3058:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3005:
3002:
3001:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2986:
2984:
2982:
2976:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2933:
2930:
2929:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2911:
2908:
2907:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2874:
2871:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2858:
2857:
2854:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2816:
2812:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2785:Subsatellites
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2748:
2745:Hypothetical
2742:
2739:
2730:
2727:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2692:
2691:
2688:
2687:
2686:
2683:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2670:
2669:
2666:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2611:Asteroid belt
2609:
2607:
2604:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2554:
2553:
2550:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2486:
2485:Minor planets
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2463:
2453:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2416:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2399:
2395:
2387:
2384:
2383:
2382:
2379:
2375:
2372:
2371:
2370:
2367:
2363:
2360:
2359:
2358:
2355:
2351:
2348:
2347:
2346:
2343:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2329:
2326:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2297:
2294:
2290:
2287:
2286:
2285:
2282:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2259:
2258:
2255:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2222:
2221:
2218:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2165:
2164:
2161:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2132:
2129:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2115:
2112:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2088:
2080:
2077:
2075:
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2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2035:
2032:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2017:
2016:
2013:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1994:
1991:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1967:
1964:
1963:
1961:
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1954:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1941:
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1923:
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1695:
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1651:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1639:
1635:
1620:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1603:
1600:
1589:on 2012-06-04
1588:
1584:
1578:
1575:
1564:on 2012-03-26
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1399:
1387:
1380:
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1371:
1365:
1351:. caltech.edu
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1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1128:on 2014-03-12
1127:
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341:Michael Brown
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266:proper motion
263:
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258:star catalogs
255:
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239:impact events
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199:Two teams of
194:
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169:invertebrates
166:
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153:Jack Sepkoski
150:
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19:
5077:Brown dwarfs
5047:Solar System
4923:
4866:Cyberwarfare
4714:
4584:Third Temple
4439:Lake of fire
4249:Rogue planet
4217:Impact event
4207:Proton decay
4160:Astronomical
4110:Bioterrorism
3956:Supervolcano
3854:Flood basalt
3800:Anoxic event
3709:Collapsology
3697:Sociological
3568:Cyberwarfare
3474:Each arrow (
3396:Local Bubble
3382:Solar System
3380:
3173:Planetesimal
3128:Kuiper cliff
2856:Space probes
2829:Colonization
2759:
2668:Kirkwood gap
2589:Saturn Moons
2502:Planetesimal
1966:Terrestrials
1931:
1924:
1917:
1910:
1903:
1896:
1889:
1882:
1855:
1778:Solar System
1730:SpaceDaily.
1725:
1721:
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1698:
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1658:
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1613:
1602:
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1587:the original
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1562:the original
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668:. Retrieved
666:. 2017-06-13
663:
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602:
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574:
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540:. Retrieved
503:
424:
404:WISE mission
393:
363:
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344:
331:
314:
310:eccentricity
306:passing star
286:
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243:
220:
198:
189:
143:
119:
93:
53:hypothetical
48:
47:
5019:Outer space
5007:Spaceflight
4942:Categories
4911:Survivalism
4598:Zoroastrian
4454:Seven seals
4449:Seven bowls
4375:Historicism
4271:Solar flare
4147:Overfishing
4122:Defaunation
3909:coral reefs
3671:AI takeover
3590:Nanoweapons
3578:Cybergeddon
3563:Cyberattack
3437:Local Sheet
3431:Local Group
3214:Rubble pile
3202:Roche limit
3197:Ring system
3148:Outer space
3123:Kuiper belt
3093:Hill sphere
3088:Hills cloud
3036:Debris disk
3031:Cosmic dust
2815:Exploration
2770:Planet Nine
2755:Fifth giant
2729:Hills cloud
2690:Kuiper belt
2661:exceptional
2577:Trojan camp
1416:(1): 1–42.
1388:. Space.com
1025:1108.4677v1
955:. WISE/NASA
931:. Space.com
465:Planet Nine
416:light-years
400:brown dwarf
350:Planet Nine
254:brown dwarf
201:astronomers
165:vertebrates
126:light-years
72:light-years
60:brown dwarf
43:Planet Nine
5092:Oort cloud
5041:Categories
4871:Depression
4861:Ransomware
4676:Messianism
4646:Armageddon
4631:Apocalypse
4419:Antichrist
4407:Man of sin
4304:Three Ages
4167:Big Crunch
4029:Extinction
4021:Biological
3783:Ecological
3655:Strangelet
3456:Local Hole
3403:Gould Belt
3143:Oort cloud
2979:Formation,
2969:Deep space
2805:Vulcanoids
2722:Oort cloud
2646:first 1000
2582:Greek camp
2480:Meteoroids
2475:Damocloids
2421:Charikloan
1625:2022-03-28
1593:2012-03-15
1568:2011-06-15
1525:2011-10-20
1392:2012-12-28
1355:2012-12-28
1329:2011-11-11
1260:2007-05-19
1132:2014-03-15
1107:2011-11-09
1078:2011-10-22
991:2012-10-18
959:2007-12-28
935:2010-08-22
913:2011-10-07
762:2018-06-19
703:1705.00049
670:2018-06-19
542:2010-05-15
496:References
385:Pan-STARRS
235:Oort cloud
217:hypotheses
205:Marc Davis
173:protozoans
149:David Raup
76:Oort cloud
4756:Fictional
4603:Saoshyant
4488:New Earth
4459:The Beast
4392:Preterism
4365:Christian
4321:Kali Yuga
4266:Micronova
4261:Hypernova
4127:Dysgenics
3968:Verneshot
3874:Hypercane
3617:Dead Hand
3417:Milky Way
3410:Orion Arm
3178:Formation
3163:Migration
3158:Disrupted
3026:Coatlicue
2994:Accretion
2981:evolution
2927:Asteroids
2839:astronomy
2834:Discovery
2695:Cubewanos
2616:Asteroids
2446:Quaoarian
2436:Neptunian
2426:Chironean
2411:Saturnian
2193:Enceladus
1476:1307.1884
1423:1007.0414
1254:"Nemesis"
1018:(2): 19.
866:1007.0437
738:119341787
730:0035-8711
396:red dwarf
302:perturbed
246:red dwarf
144:In 1984,
56:red dwarf
5062:Theories
4896:Pandemic
4881:Epidemic
4876:Droughts
4730:Prewrath
4661:End time
4527:Al-Qa'im
4412:Katechon
4397:2 Esdras
4387:Idealism
4370:Futurism
4299:Maitreya
4294:Buddhist
4137:Pandemic
3585:Gray goo
3470:Universe
3308:Moonlets
2888:programs
2861:timeline
2849:timeline
2780:Planet X
2775:Planet V
2712:Sednoids
2700:Plutinos
2673:Centaurs
2651:families
2386:Dysnomia
2374:Xiangliu
2369:Gonggong
2357:Makemake
2316:Kerberos
2203:Hyperion
2141:Callisto
2136:Ganymede
2069:Gonggong
2064:Makemake
1919:Gonggong
1912:Makemake
1542:(1986).
1501:15985292
1469:(1): 6.
1364:cite web
1318:(2002).
1050:16850733
819:15577903
644:30 April
551:cite web
434:See also
412:parallax
345:Discover
312:of 0.7.
262:parallax
248:with an
209:Piet Hut
5031:Science
4981:Portals
4956:Hazards
4854:General
4725:Rapture
4574:Messiah
4562:Sufyani
4552:Israfil
4522:Islamic
4360:Messiah
4338:1 Enoch
4172:Big Rip
3884:Ecocide
3879:Ice age
3291:Related
3270:by size
2959:Neptune
2944:Jupiter
2895:Mercury
2820:outline
2765:Phaeton
2760:Nemesis
2747:objects
2599:Neptune
2572:Jupiter
2552:Trojans
2545:Neptune
2530:Jupiter
2510:Mercury
2441:Haumean
2431:Uranian
2413: (
2333:Hiʻiaka
2267:Proteus
2257:Neptune
2245:Miranda
2235:Umbriel
2225:Titania
2213:all 146
2178:Iapetus
2131:Jupiter
2025:Neptune
2003:Jupiter
1971:Mercury
1953:Planets
1878:Neptune
1863:Jupiter
1836:Mercury
1699:Nemesis
1677:Bibcode
1481:Bibcode
1428:Bibcode
1287:Bibcode
1231:4267612
1211:Bibcode
1181:4236610
1161:Bibcode
1030:Bibcode
893:7911150
871:Bibcode
827:4427211
799:Bibcode
708:Bibcode
639:6583680
607:Bibcode
297:aphelia
233:in the
122:kelvins
82:in the
49:Nemesis
4886:Famine
4812:Zombie
4614:Others
4569:Jewish
4547:Dajjal
4429:Events
4343:Daniel
4244:winter
4071:Others
3961:winter
3761:winter
3756:famine
3751:cobalt
3465:
3458:
3451:
3426:
3419:
3412:
3405:
3398:
3391:
3384:
3313:Syzygy
3235:Comets
3168:System
3153:Planet
3046:EXCEDE
2954:Uranus
2949:Saturn
2939:Comets
2932:mining
2910:mining
2800:Vulcan
2641:active
2636:Hygiea
2631:Pallas
2594:Uranus
2540:Uranus
2535:Saturn
2470:Comets
2462:bodies
2460:System
2406:Jovian
2350:Weywot
2345:Quaoar
2338:Namaka
2328:Haumea
2301:Charon
2277:all 16
2272:Nereid
2262:Triton
2250:all 28
2230:Oberon
2220:Uranus
2208:Phoebe
2188:Tethys
2163:Saturn
2156:all 95
2151:Europa
2124:Deimos
2119:Phobos
2098:Earth
2059:Quaoar
2054:Haumea
2034:Dwarfs
2020:Uranus
2008:Saturn
1993:Giants
1958:dwarfs
1905:Quaoar
1898:Haumea
1873:Uranus
1868:Saturn
1499:
1448:368553
1446:
1229:
1203:Nature
1179:
1153:Nature
1048:
891:
825:
817:
781:Nature
736:
728:
637:
630:344925
627:
575:Nature
420:Saturn
402:, the
231:comets
222:Nature
211:, and
171:, and
161:fossil
4995:Stars
4901:Riots
4593:Norse
4557:Mahdi
4316:Kalki
4311:Hindu
3641:(EMP)
3228:Lists
2964:Pluto
2922:Ceres
2900:Venus
2795:Tyche
2790:Theia
2626:Vesta
2621:Ceres
2562:Earth
2557:Venus
2520:Earth
2515:Venus
2495:moons
2458:Solar
2456:Small
2415:Rhean
2398:Rings
2311:Hydra
2296:Pluto
2289:Vanth
2284:Orcus
2240:Ariel
2198:Mimas
2183:Dione
2168:Titan
2091:Moons
2079:Sedna
2049:Pluto
2044:Orcus
2039:Ceres
1981:Earth
1976:Venus
1933:Sedna
1891:Pluto
1884:Orcus
1857:Ceres
1846:Earth
1841:Venus
1667:arXiv
1497:S2CID
1471:arXiv
1444:S2CID
1418:arXiv
1323:(PDF)
1227:S2CID
1177:S2CID
1046:S2CID
1020:arXiv
889:S2CID
861:arXiv
823:S2CID
789:arXiv
734:S2CID
698:arXiv
595:(PDF)
398:or a
378:2MASS
337:Sedna
293:Hydra
278:solar
112:2MASS
70:(1.5
51:is a
39:Tyche
2917:Mars
2905:Moon
2883:list
2866:list
2567:Mars
2525:Mars
2381:Eris
2321:Styx
2173:Rhea
2114:Mars
2102:Moon
2074:Eris
1986:Mars
1926:Eris
1851:Mars
1370:link
815:PMID
726:ISSN
646:2007
635:PMID
557:link
389:LSST
374:IRAS
332:The
183:and
151:and
108:IRAS
2656:PHA
2306:Nix
2015:Ice
1998:Gas
1831:Sun
1722:B32
1663:B32
1489:doi
1467:773
1436:doi
1414:190
1295:doi
1219:doi
1207:308
1169:doi
1157:308
1038:doi
1016:197
879:doi
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807:doi
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716:doi
694:469
625:PMC
615:doi
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