4190:
6375:, p. 147: "Accordingly, at this early stage, the arresting fashion of choice for group members, which would indeed be an emblem for the Skins for more than 20 years, was already visible. The most distinguishing feature of their style of self-presentation was a shaved head or very closely-cropped hair, which not only was practical in the increasing numbers of physical altercations involving Skins, but also was originally meant to be reactionary against both hippie and wealthy, elitist cultures prevalent at the time (Hamm 1993). Other aspects of their dress typically included blue jeans, thin red suspenders, a bomber jacket, and steel-toed combat boots or Doc Martens (Anti-Defamation League N.d.b)."
3912:
estimating the size of local groups. In 1995, around 70,000 of them were estimated to be present in 33 countries (half of them were estimated to be "hard-core activists", the others were estimated to be their friends and associates), including 5,000 in
Germany, 4,000 in Czechia, 4,000 in Hungary, and 3,500 in the US. By 2002, 350 white power music bands were active the US and Western Europe, and as of 2012, about 138 racist skinhead organizations were operating worldwide.
3893:
4081:
6363:, p. 264: "This early skinhead era was brief but influential. In the few years before the decline, skinheads emulated their own style of Doc Martens boots, braces, Crombie coats, sheepskin jackets, and mohair suits, in addition to the classic feather cut hairstyle, mini skirt costumes, and fishnet stockings for girls. The style fetishism of the early skinheads was extremely elitist and similar to the mods, details and brands were important."
1909:
3342:
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different by rejecting prevailing societal norms by using shocking imagery (like the wearing of Nazi regalia by motorcycle gangs in the 1960s and punk rockers in the 1970s), probably plays some part in the decision to wear neo-Nazi or racist symbols, or even to adopt the ideas they embody. References to Nazism have also been less significant in countries like Italy or
Hungary, where fascist figures like
1971:
51:
3908:. Before the Internet came to be widely available after the mid-1990s, white power skinhead music played a key role in the international diffusion of white supremacist ideologies within a highly fragmented racist movement. In many European countries, merchandising – and sometimes illegal racist or Holocaust-denying material – was sold via mail-order or during the touring of bands.
4623:. Pollard says, however, "the appropriation of Odinist/pagan imagery and iconography by racist skinheads seems to be largely symbolic, rather than a serious attempt to adopt an alternative religion to Christianity." Also, Odinism and neo-paganism have been less popular in countries like Italy or Spain, where skinhead groups have maintained a cultural attachment to
4173:(SPLC) noted in 2020 that the skinhead movement had "almost no young recruits" in the United States. The SPLC writes, "Image-conscious white nationalist groups and militant neo-Nazi groups are attracting the younger generation, while new racist skinhead groups are emerging only from the fragments of existing groups. No group is recruiting in significant numbers."
3773:
3948:('Turks Out') earned them a reputation as a racist band. In the 1980s, the German neo-Nazi skinheads were known for their violence, sometimes murderous. In 1985, a 76-year-old Jew who had survived the Holocaust was trampled to death during a fight between skinheads and anti-fascist demonstrators. In 1987, skinheads attacked Christians during a festival in
3648:, got closer to community-oriented themes like black liberation and African mysticism, which participated in alienating some white proletarians from the community. In 1973 white skinheads launched a violent melee in a night club, chanting "young, gifted and white" and cutting the speakers as the West Indian disc jockey was playing
3833:'s discourse and public image, Griffin publicly distanced the party from the skinhead subculture after he became its chairman in 1999. The party expelled skinhead members, although it has allowed white power band members to join and has accepted donations from neo-fascist skinhead concerts in the early 2000s.
3692:
spread across most of
Britain, largely "through face to face interaction among the fans at football matches." The cartoon character Black Rat, created in 1970 by French artist Jack Marchal, was adopted by young neo-Fascists in various European nations and became an essential marker of the fringe culture.
4466:
According to Camus and
Lebourg, the Nazifying imagery of white power skinheads was "at first largely provocative", and sometimes a way for the proletarian youth "of responding to the sacralization of the memory of World War II". Pollard also notes that "adolescent rebellion", involving a desire to be
3828:
and felt the need to create his own global neo-fascist skinhead movement without any political party affiliation. The music promotion network quickly turned into the "major reference point for young neo-fascists and neo-Nazis throughout Europe who came to
Britain to attend the gigs of Skrewdriver and
5067:
The Combat 18 manifesto from the early 1990s called for the shipping of "all non-Whites back to Africa, Asia or Arabia alive or in body-bags, the choice is theirs", and the execution of all "queers", "White race mixers", and "all jews who have actively helped to damage the White race and to put into
3804:
movement. To draw new adherents, the
National Front attempted to use the white power music scene to re-frame its message from overt hate of foreigners and minorities to self-love and collective defence of white identity. Donaldson and the National Front founded a record label named White Noise Club,
3911:
Measuring the number of white power skinheads is made difficult by the lack of a formal and organized structure, the issue of overlapping memberships, and a tradition of silence which has been set up in an attempt to cultivate the mystique of their clandestine activities and prevent the police from
3731:
in 1980, "Oi!" soon became synonymous with "skinhead". Unlike many of their followers, however, early Oi! band members were generally not neo-Nazi or even affiliated with right-wing organizations, and they increasingly distanced themselves from some of their fans, who contributed to recurrent riots
4553:
These young proletarians turn neither to the left, which according to them is more inclined to defend the "immigrant delinquent" than "the hard-working white guy", nor to the right, whose conservatism is alien to their own mind-set and mode of life. For them, "the system" has abandoned the little
4068:
Some of the skinhead groups are autonomous, while others are linked to the US-based organizations Blood & Honour and
Hammerskin Nation. Contrary to most other countries, the Russian skinhead subculture has attracted members from all income levels, and they have tended to come from the educated
3735:
In July 1981, the "Southall Riots" were sparked when hundreds of skinheads were welcomed at an Oi! gig which was performed in a predominantly-Asian suburb of London. Some skinheads began to attack the neighboring Asian stores, and 400 Asians later responded by burning the venue with paraffin bombs
4226:
Anti-racist skinheads generally emphasize the multicultural roots of the original skinhead subculture, and the authenticity of the skinhead style, which developed outside of the political realm. They oppose the views of white power skinheads, for whom the skinhead subculture emerged from a "pure
3903:
In the first half of the 1980s, the racist faction of the skinhead subculture began to appear in
Scandinavia, the Netherlands, West Germany, Austria, the United States, Canada, and Australia; and by the mid-1980s, it also began to appear in France, Belgium, Denmark, and Switzerland. During the
3691:
leaning, present within the skinhead movement since the late 1960s, became progressively dominant in the United
Kingdom, fuelled by the job crisis, the economic decline, and an increase in immigration during the late 1970s–early 1980s. By the early 1980s, the white power skinhead subculture had
4388:
in inspiration." Camus and
Lebourg also argue that although not all racist skinheads can be classified as 'neo-Nazi', neo-Nazism remains hegemonic in the far-right skinhead movement. Scholars concede at the same time the difficulty of separating the public use of the provocative and subversive
4531:
Women are a minority among the white power skinhead movement. In Britain, France and Germany, they rarely attend events. Female presence at gigs is however more frequent in Italy, and entire families have been seen attending the Aryan and Nordic Fest in the United States. Despite a widespread
4064:
group, in contrast, as known to have enrolled young members from skinhead gangs. The Federal Law on Counteracting Extremist Activity, adopted in 2002 after the skinhead pogroms, was rarely enforced by the police and skinheads are rather prosecuted for murders associated with hooliganism and
4285:
writes that although steel-toed workboots are typical of both racist and anti-racist skinheads, white power skinheads commonly fit their boots with white- or red-coloured laces to signify their affiliation to the subculture. These laces are usually done in a "ladder" style: laces are done
5077:
In Siberia, 7–11% of the military recruits were illiterate in 1997. According to the Department for the Prevention of Violations of the Law by Minors, a subsidiary of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs, 1/3 of school-age offenders did not have a primary education in the spring of
3632:
gave a public voice to widespread anxieties concerning non-white immigration and the "threat" which was supposedly posed by South Asian immigrants. Although there is "little agreement on the extent to which Powell was responsible for racial attacks", the speech may have helped unleash
3840:'s Committee of Inquiry into Racism and Xenophobia reported that the violent and racist skinhead subculture was "by far the most worrying development since the last Committee of Inquiry report ." The death of Donaldson in a car crash in September 1993, followed by that of
4069:
middle class in the urban centres. In 2004, there were about 50,000 self-identified skinheads in the country, with groups active in approximately 85 cities. Up to 2,000 rioters linked to the Russian skinhead movement have participated in an anti-Chechen pogrom in 2006.
4270:
4189:
4060:'s nationalist agenda, skinheads remain opposed to vestiges of authority in the country. The skinhead subculture presents itself, in the words of scholar Peter Worger, as an "ultra-nationalist alternative to Putin’s state-sanctioned patriotism." The neo-Nazi
3616:
as a social conflict caused by the new presence of South Asian traders and shopkeepers within a community of white and West Indian poor factory workers. Clarke similarly notes that areas where skinheads became the most prominent were "typically either new
3450:
as a "style community", that is to say a "community in which the primary site of identity is personal style", which allows innovative configurations to be made in new geographical and cultural contexts, or around opposing political ideologies – as in the
3829:
other bands." Even though skinhead violence helped damage the National Front's public image, the movement draw thousands of young people to neo-fascism and provided the party with a new medium to diffuse their message. In an effort to clean up both the
4040:. Sensationalized coverage of the skinhead movement by Russian state-owned media until the early 2000s has also participated in the large-scale diffusion of the movement. By the end of 1999 there were 3,500 to 3,800 skinheads in Moscow, up to 2,700 in
4024:. Their number skyrocketed throughout the 1990s, fuelled by economic disorder, the collapse of the education system, and the legitimization of violence against political opponents and minorities by the newly established liberal state, illustrated by
4238:(SHARP), founded in 1986 in New York City, stress the importance of the Jamaican influence in the original British skinhead subculture. The next largest antiracist skinhead organizations are SLO (Skinheads Liberation Organization) and RASH (
4153:
In the United States, most white power skinhead groups are organized at either the state, county, city or neighborhood level; the Hammerskin Nation is one of the few exceptions, due to its international presence. A 2007 report by the
3678:
and narcissistic values instead of the working class heritage, their opposition to the middle and upper class, the adoption of Nazi imagery by some punks to maximize shock value, and the development of an underground network of punk
4051:
The movement remained unnoticed in the general public until the early 2000s, when acts of violence began to multiply. Skinheads attacked a Vietnamese hostel in October 2000, an Armenian school in March 2001, led a pogrom at the
3852:, "a more extreme, semi-terrorist neo-Nazi splinter group", and eventually to bloody internal feuds between Combat 18 supporters and Blood & Honour loyalists in the mid- and late 1990s. In 1985, a French worker at the
3924:
in 1989 in Eastern Europe, where it has been particularly strong since the transition to capitalism. The white power music scene rapidly embraced the growth of the Internet, which allowed them to bypass local European
3995:
during the 1980s, a period of relative liberalization led by the Soviet regime which allowed for fascist discourses to emerge among young Russian punks, primarily as a reaction against the ideology and history of the
4554:
guy, and gangs constitute a countersociety of pleasure and solidarity. . In every country, the White Power movement shows what happens when entire swathes of marginal populations are abandoned to economic violence.
3643:
in April 1970, with the "Paki-bashers" simply being referred to as "skinheads" in many contemporary reports. By the early 1970s, the reggae scene had ceased to be simply a "party music" and, under the influence of
7010:
3940:('Evil Uncles'), formed in 1980 in Frankfurt am Main, lay the ground for the radicalization of the skinhead movement by connecting the music scene with right-wing nationalism. Although they never openly embraced "
4332:), and skinheads themselves – often all three together. Tattoos portraying a "crucified skinhead" are also extremely popular among white power skinheads, with the traditional crucifix sometimes replaced with a
4519:
A central element of this puritanism is the skinhead idea of "naturalness"; their aim is to "eliminate all abnormalities like, homosexuals, lesbians and other kinds of 'sick' and 'deviant' people". Skinheads'
3487:
skinhead movement, which emerged within the skinhead subculture from the late 1970s onward, can be defined by "racism; proletarian consciousness; an aversion to organization, dismissed in favor of
4532:
misogynistic culture and a general absence of commitment to female equality, some skinhead women have rejected the traditional gender roles and can act as aggressively as their male counterparts.
3748:" in the public's opinion by 1982. According to Brown, some lyrical themes of Oi!, such as social frustrations, political repression and working-class pride, were common to other genres such as
3569:
culture of the British middle-class in the 1960–1970s. For instance, the defining skinhead short haircut mostly emerged in reaction to the perceived shift in men's styles away from traditional
4548:, suggesting that he was the victim of a political "assassination". The common skinhead motto "hated but proud" expresses the closed, excluded, but feared lifestyle of white power skinheads.
2322:
4528:
about the demographic decline of the white race embodied in the widespread slogan "9 per cent", meaning that only 9 per cent of the world's population is white by their own calculations.
4441:. American neo-Nazism and white supremacism largely helped "crystallize" the Nazi imagery and have had a powerful influence on the worldwide movement, as evidenced by the popularity of
5164:
6423:
3463:
skinheads. From a group perspective, John Clarke, a professor who studied skinheads in the 1970s, has noted that the "skinhead style represents an attempt to recreate the traditional
2399:
3952:
because of the town council's refusal to allow the neo-Nazi Alliance of the German People to hold a meeting in the town hall. In August 1992, racist skinheads participated in the
2260:
4056:
on Hitler's birthday in April 2001, then a second pogrom in the Moscow underground transit system in November 2001, which resulted in 4 deaths. Despite some common grounds with
3723:
in the late 1970s, contrasting with the sometimes multiracial bands of the left-wing and unpolitical skinhead resurgence, which rather drew influence from the original Jamaican
7974:
3621:
estates or old estates being either developed or experiencing an afflux of outsiders", either Commonwealth immigrants or middle-class whites in search of affordable housing.
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in 1983, the eponymous song becoming "the most recognizable neo-fascist skinhead song". In 1987, a music festival was organized by National Front member Phil Andrewon on
7964:
4320:
displaying their affiliation to the white power movement, although some leaders have encouraged members to abstain from receiving tattoos. Frequent depictions include
1636:
427:
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skinheads in Europe, partly due to the association of the four middle letters of Lonsdale – NSDA, the only visible part if worn under open jackets – with NSDAP, the
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horizontally instead of crossed. In a few gangs, these laces must be "earned" through acts of racist violence against a "perceived enemy of the white race".
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1990s, the movement rapidly grew in the West and simultaneously, it rapidly began to spread to Eastern Europe, in particular, it rapidly began to spread to
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597:
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In most European countries, the racist skinhead subculture became polarized on the far-right between 1983 and 1986, and shortly after the fall of the
2238:
607:
4309:. However, the brand has also been popular since the 1980s among non-Nazi skinheads. Lonsdale has publicly denounced the trend and sponsored various
7949:
3495:." They have mostly emerged from working-class backgrounds, except in Russia, where they have mostly emerged from the educated, urban middle class.
4177:
journalist Chelsea Liu identified their fashion style as one possible reason for the decline, seeing it as "increasingly obsolete" and noting the
1447:
4158:
says groups such as white power skinheads, neo-Nazis, and the KKK have been growing more active in the United States, with a particular focus on
4138:, who regarded music as an opportunity to reach a young audience and counteract mainstream cultural productions, had become the world's largest
3250:
1606:
3549:. The particular lifestyle and aggressive look of skinheads was a self-declared reaffirmation of the traditional working class puritanism and
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and rejection of any form of drug-taking (except tobacco and alcohol) are common traits found across skinhead groups. According to historian
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1937:
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4119:(1994) were growing in the country, racist skinheads gained acceptance among existing and organized US white power organizations like the
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In France, the white power skinhead movement was structured around Jeunesses Nationalistes-Révolutionnaires (JNR), founded in 1987 by
3784:(NF), a British neo-fascist party which was losing ground in electoral politics, began to turn toward the skinhead movement to obtain
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Since the emergence of white power skinheads in the late 1970s, anti-racist forces within the skinhead subculture, sometimes called "
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label in Europe, although the European white power rock scene only managed to enter the mainstream market in Sweden, where the band
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The first identifiable neo-Nazi skinhead group was the short-lived Chicago's Romantic Violence, established in 1984 by 25-year-old
7325:
Young, Kevin; Craig, Laura (1997). "Beyond White Pride: Identity, Meaning and Contradiction in the Canadian Skinhead Subculture".
7185:
Ventsel, Aimar (2014). "'That Old School Lonsdale': Authenticity and Clothes in German Skinhead Culture". In Cobb, Russell (ed.).
3983:, but the latter eventually distanced itself from Ayoub and the JNR after mass skinhead attacks on immigrants in Rouen and Brest.
3956:, lynching immigrants with the help of ordinary citizens as passersby cheered. During the 1990s, the number of Neo-Nazi groups in
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4357:
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2552:
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3612:("Caribs") were also involved in skinhead gang attacks against South Asian immigrants, and the violence has been interpreted by
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Under serious police pressure, the number of racist acts and Neo-Nazis started to significantly decline in Russia from 2009.
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Some argue that skinheads shave their heads to represent their detachment from society. Scholar Timothy S. Brown defines the
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The skinhead scene had mostly died out by 1973. Around 1977, a second wave started to emerge from the disintegration of the
1671:
4100:, joined the growing US white power skinhead movement. By 1988, there were ~2,000 neo-Nazi skinheads in the United States.
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Futrell, Robert; Simi, Pete; Gottschalk, Simon (2006). "Understanding Music in Movements: The White Power Music Scene".
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as "perversions", and they generally promote an image of "clean-living, drug-free, heterosexual, working-class males".
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coats, sheepskin bomber jackets, blue jeans, mohair suits, in addition to a shaved head or very closely-cropped hair.
862:
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Cooter, Amy Beth (2006). "Neo-Nazi Normalization: The Skinhead Movement and Integration into Normative Structures".
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6803:
Brown, Timothy S. (2004). "Subcultures, Pop Music and Politics: Skinheads and "Nazi Rock" in England and Germany".
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launched a "Project Schoolyard USA" to distribute sample CDs to middle and high students across the United States.
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3933:(HSN) managed to bring together over 1,000 skinheads from all over Europe at a Nazi rock gig organized in Milan.
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7071:(2016). "Skinhead culture: the ideologies, mythologies, religions and conspiracy theories of racist skinheads".
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7006:
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4544:" of liberal democracies. Blood & Honour and Combat18 have promoted conspiracy theories about the death of
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to minimization of the death toll, and even to glorifying the event in the lyrics of white power bands such as
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with a dozen of skinheads. Their size became noticeable by 1994, in the atmosphere of chaos that followed the
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also played a role in the diffusion of neo-fascist rhetoric in the 1980s. The subculture, known in Russian as
3695:
Music played a key symbolic role in the political polarization of the skinhead subculture. Marchal recorded a
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began in the United Kingdom in 1968–1969, probably in London and Southeast England, more specifically in the
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Worger, Peter (2012). "A mad crowd: Skinhead youth and the rise of nationalism in post-communist Russia".
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Cotter, John M. (1999). "Sounds of hate: White power rock and roll and the neo-nazi skinhead subculture".
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In the 1980s and 1990s, many young American neo-Nazis and white supremacists, often associated with the
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7148:(2001). "Offspring of Reforms—Shaven Heads Are Skinheads: The New Fascist Youth Subculture in Russia".
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Hillman, Nicholas (2008). "A 'chorus of execration'? Enoch Powell's 'rivers of blood' forty years on".
4508:" stance takes its roots in the anti-permissive way of life of the original skinheads who rejected the
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3674:" when some of its members accentuated its aggressive character. Although the punk movement emphasized
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6956:
Corte, Ugo; Edwards, Bob (2008). "White Power Music and the Mobilization of Racist Social Movements".
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Clarke, John (1976). "The Skinheads and the Magical Recovery of Community". In Jefferson, Tony (ed.).
3813:'s Suffolk property, and was attended by hundreds of racist skinheads from across Europe who gave the
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or KKK, which perceived the popularity of the subculture as an opportunity to expand their audience.
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have found some followers in the skinhead movement, and skinhead groups have also tended to revive
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skyrocket, with numerous unemployed young East Germans joining the white power skinhead movement.
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81:
3037:
2867:
4107:. The group collapsed when Martell was imprisoned for assault. Shortly thereafter in 1985, the
4080:
7819:
7668:
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7506:
7474:
7384:
7342:
7311:
7286:
7255:
7229:
7198:
7165:
7145:
7125:
7108:
Shaffer, Ryan (2013). "The soundtrack of neo-fascism: youth and music in the National Front".
7088:
7054:
7035:
7016:
6994:
6965:
6936:
6905:
6878:
6852:
6820:
6789:
6769:
6751:
6703:
6678:
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5186:
5048:
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4919:
4815:
4742:
4646:
4596:
4493:
4472:
4428:
4397:
4380:) who mentored members of nascent German racist skinhead groups in the 1980s–1990s. Historian
4163:
4139:
4037:
4017:
3877:
3821:
3745:
3683:, inspired and facilitated the parallel emergence of a racist skinhead subculture. The latent
3613:
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2419:
1812:
1807:
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972:
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817:
457:
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86:
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community, as a substitution for the real decline of the latter which started in the 1960s."
7764:
7595:
7521:
7421:
7334:
7278:
7221:
7190:
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6986:
6928:
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6759:
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5405:
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4656:
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1107:
962:
942:
887:
877:
777:
752:
412:
300:
188:
163:
133:
98:
27:
Members of a neo-Nazi, white supremacist and antisemitic offshoot of the skinhead subculture
50:
7859:
7558:
7068:
6844:
6840:
6440:
6243:
6236:
4959:
4927:
4867:
4823:
4732:
4620:
4588:
4563:
4559:
4501:
4438:
4381:
4345:
4045:
3667:
3618:
3581:
3574:
3484:
3480:
3476:
3402:
3314:
3012:
2947:
2922:
2917:
2902:
2892:
2882:
2857:
2635:
2610:
1913:
1801:
1780:
1775:
1552:
1367:
1292:
1242:
1237:
1132:
1092:
1047:
1032:
1022:
982:
892:
747:
497:
315:
310:
253:
213:
158:
103:
91:
71:
4223:, have sought to resist the white power skinheads, who they often deride as "boneheads".
3937:
3637:" violence against South Asian immigrants, which was referred to as "skinhead terror" by
2982:
1562:
632:
3561:
of the working class", which seemed threatened in their views with contamination by the
7854:
7748:
7615:
7580:
7526:
7338:
6764:
6729:
5617:
4967:
4899:
4737:
4446:
4108:
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3141:
3057:
3047:
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2877:
2819:
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1983:
1979:
1822:
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1172:
1057:
1017:
987:
812:
767:
757:
692:
268:
203:
7225:
4524:
partly results from a backlash against feminism and the sexual revolution, and from a
4092:. The "88" stands for "HH" or "Heil Hitler", "H" being the 8th letter of the alphabet.
3727:
roots of the late 1960s. Coined as a nickname for the new genre by British journalist
1908:
7913:
7804:
7789:
7698:
7678:
7494:
7298:
7282:
7177:
7137:
7100:
6948:
6932:
5425:
4437:('sub-humans') have been largely abandoned in favor of a more "inclusive" concept of
4420:
4377:
4353:
4104:
4041:
4025:
4021:
3853:
3749:
3728:
3605:
3573:, which was embodied by the "middle-class, peace-loving, long-haired student" of the
3464:
3430:
3309:
3230:
3114:
3007:
2992:
2962:
2842:
2592:
2498:
1532:
1472:
1457:
1442:
1427:
1337:
1307:
1262:
1167:
1157:
1007:
957:
832:
702:
662:
512:
407:
387:
143:
6832:
5090:
B; queer-boys need cyclone B nigger-boys need cyclone B"; Warhammer: "Die Jew, Die".
7844:
7829:
7779:
7738:
7516:
7469:
4807:
4608:
4541:
4333:
4302:
4197:
4097:
3997:
3810:
3639:
3634:
3625:
3550:
3406:
3324:
3183:
3124:
3027:
2912:
2897:
2735:
2478:
2426:
1970:
1962:
1867:
1785:
1507:
1407:
1252:
1177:
1152:
1137:
1127:
1117:
1082:
1067:
1042:
1002:
967:
937:
932:
917:
897:
872:
762:
647:
7084:
4393:
surrounding Nazi symbols from actual belief in, and commitment to, Nazi ideology.
4231:" of the late 1960s to allege that the original skinheads as "white separatists".
4032:, and the introduction of a state of emergency the same year to police and deport
7121:
6138:
4611:
is a "religion of slaves". In the United States, racialist pagan groups like the
4166:
has grown in some parts of the United States by swallowing whole skinhead gangs.
17:
7794:
7774:
7769:
7683:
7610:
7585:
4747:
4676:
4641:
4624:
4433:
4310:
4269:
4255:
4228:
4201:
4112:
3964:
3941:
3930:
3926:
3921:
3841:
3825:
3814:
3793:
3761:
3737:
3708:
3671:
3593:
3589:
3570:
3543:
3531:
3460:
3418:
3017:
2718:
2431:
2367:
1581:
1522:
1357:
1342:
1322:
1302:
1297:
1277:
1217:
1142:
1097:
947:
697:
477:
337:
168:
113:
76:
42:
7371:
7161:
6140:
New Russian Nationalism: Imperialism, Ethnicity and Authoritarianism 2000--2015
5614:
https://www.nytimes.com/1981/07/05/world/neo-nazis-accused-in-london-riots.html
3736:
while the skinheads were fleeing with help from the police. The event led to a
7733:
7723:
7640:
7546:
7501:
7436:
6990:
5409:
4951:
4943:
4843:
4696:
4616:
4607:
magazine regularly points out that Odinism is a "religion of warriors", while
4540:
Skinheads present themselves as an excluded or martyr group repressed by the "
4497:
4390:
4385:
4361:
4306:
4294:
4259:
4116:
3785:
3675:
3585:
3535:
3398:
3291:
3119:
3002:
2997:
2977:
2887:
2872:
2847:
2795:
2645:
2436:
2362:
1611:
1542:
1422:
1417:
1327:
1202:
1012:
992:
927:
902:
852:
792:
677:
482:
258:
238:
183:
7346:
7290:
7233:
7194:
7169:
7129:
7092:
6998:
6969:
6940:
6824:
6755:
6746:
5417:
4277:, a popular symbol for German neo-Nazis as a substitute for banned Nazi flags
7708:
7600:
6730:"Striking back against racist violence in the East End of London, 1968–1970"
6449:
4935:
4911:
4799:
4757:
4751:
4661:
4651:
4460:
4329:
4325:
4193:
4178:
3849:
3776:
The National Front (NF) attracted many skinheads during the 1970s and 1980s.
3720:
3645:
3452:
3168:
2785:
2755:
2750:
2290:
1872:
1827:
1790:
1227:
422:
342:
108:
7361:
7051:
Skinheads shaved for battle : a cultural history of American skinheads
6773:
3848:
in December of the same year, led to the takeover of Blood & Honour by
6901:
6816:
3772:
7849:
7799:
7426:
7407:
6877:. Department of Contemporary Cultural Studies, University of Birmingham.
4666:
4505:
4251:
4205:
3992:
3680:
3597:
3566:
3527:
3509:
3447:
3260:
3130:
2745:
2488:
1847:
1832:
652:
173:
123:
7864:
7441:
6894:
Resistance Through Rituals : Youth Subcultures in Post-War Britain
4875:
4584:
4298:
4209:
3897:
3756:"could be easily interpreted in extreme right-wing terms." The phrase "
3752:
or blues, but others like violence ("Aggro", for 'aggressiveness') and
3524:
3426:
2813:
2806:
2767:
2740:
1842:
305:
153:
66:
7869:
7713:
7688:
7012:
Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism, and the Politics of Identity
4513:
4373:
4321:
4317:
4009:
3949:
3905:
3546:
3491:
behavior; and an ideological training that began with or is based on
3456:
3151:
3107:
2357:
322:
4227:
white", working-class cultural and social context, emphasizing the "
3860:, which had an allegiance to neo-Nazism. It was associated with the
3800:
in association with the National Front, appeared in reaction to the
7308:
Trendy fascism : White power music and the future of democracy
5068:
camps the rest until we find a final solution for the eternal jew."
3991:
The Russian white power skinhead subculture takes its roots in the
3425:
between the late 1960s and the late 1970s, before spreading across
6519:
6517:
6515:
6513:
6511:
4600:
4360:). The white power skinhead movement is generally associated with
4188:
4089:
4085:
4065:
everyday-life conflicts than for hate speech and racist violence.
3891:
3824:
in 1987. Donaldson had become involved with the West German label
3740:
in Britain and the skinhead subculture was firmly associated with
3492:
2706:
2520:
727:
467:
3817:
and sang along a chorus that demanded "white power for Britain".
4475:
still exert a strong cultural influence on the local far-right.
4412:
4344:
The central themes of white power skinheads revolve around "the
3979:. The JNR initially performed policing functions for the French
3929:
laws and further develop their international networks. In 2013,
3845:
3488:
837:
128:
7380:
3580:
The identity of the 1960s skinheads, however, was not based on
7728:
7703:
7489:
5835:
5833:
5536:
5534:
5532:
5530:
5528:
3724:
3712:
3707:
formed the first German nationalist rock group in 1977. A new
3539:
6534:
6532:
5228:
5226:
5134:
5132:
5130:
5128:
5126:
5124:
4599:, is particularly popular among skinheads due to its warrior
4384:
contends that "the racist skinhead ideology is fundamentally
5852:
5850:
5848:
5340:
5338:
4768:
4635:
4348:
which will be waged in the future and the denunciation of a
3820:
A split within White Noise Club led to the establishment of
7376:
6329:
6327:
5950:
5948:
5658:
4423:. Their attitude toward the Holocaust ranges from outright
4134:
At the time of his death in 2002, National Alliance leader
6656:
6654:
6617:
6615:
6566:
6564:
6562:
6549:
6547:
6498:
6496:
6445:"Neo-Nazi teenagers fight in British boxing's No 1 brand"
5869:
5867:
5865:
5760:
5758:
5756:
5754:
5705:
5703:
6108:
6106:
6069:
6067:
6030:
6028:
6026:
6001:
5999:
5325:
5323:
5283:
5281:
5279:
5277:
6728:
Ashe, Stephen; Virdee, Satnam; Brown, Laurence (2016).
6344:
6342:
5690:
5688:
5686:
5491:
5489:
5487:
5379:
5377:
5310:
5308:
3760:" was popularized among some skinheads by the Oi! band
5111:
5109:
5107:
7372:
Nicky Crane: The secret double life of a gay neo-Nazi
5616:|title=Neo-Nazis accused in London Riots |Publisher=
568:
National Radical Camp/Oboz Narodowo-Radykalny (1993)
7878:
7757:
7656:
7455:
7414:
6786:
Inside Organized Racism: Women in the Hate Movement
4111:emerged in San Francisco. As other groups like the
3703:in 1979, and German students of the neo-Nazi party
6411:
5023:(2003, known in-game as "Talons" and "Dreg Lords")
4020:'s attempts at liberal reforms and rapid economic
7187:The Paradox of Authenticity in a Globalized World
3715:– a contraction of "Hey, you!" pronounced with a
7053:. Bowling Green State University Popular Press.
4273:A neo-Nazi skinhead from Germany in front of an
1637:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum shooting
428:The Covenant, the Sword, and the Arm of the Lord
6166:"Neo-Nazi Activity Is Arising Among U.S. Youth"
5939:
5438:
4551:
4028:'s attack on the Russian parliament during the
3876:. The label rapidly grew as the second-largest
433:World Church of the Creator/Creativity Movement
6413:"German Nazis' dress code angers British firm"
3417:organizations and some of them are members of
3266:U.S. National Strategy to Counter Antisemitism
7392:
7250:Borgeson, Kevin; Valeri, Robin Maria (2017).
4364:, in part, this is due to its origins in the
3592:, even though some skinheads had engaged in "
3363:
1931:
8:
6700:Skinheads: A Guide to an American Subculture
6523:
6224:
6212:
5990:
5966:
5908:
5906:
5897:
5856:
5839:
5721:
5540:
5356:
5232:
5138:
3397:by anti-racist skinheads), are members of a
7975:Anti-Chinese sentiment in the United States
4328:, World War II German soldiers (especially
7399:
7385:
7377:
4254:typically wore steel-toed combat boots or
3530:influences, including an appreciation for
3370:
3356:
1949:
1938:
1924:
588:National Socialist Japanese Workers' Party
29:
6763:
6745:
6698:Travis, Tiffini A.; Hardy, Perry (2012).
4591:religion reconstructed on the beliefs of
4293:clothing brand became popular among some
3872:and later with the neo-Nazi organisation
478:Hammerskins/Hammerskin Nation and Crew 38
7189:. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 261–275.
6868:"Football Hooliganism and the Skinheads"
6256:"Immigration Fueling White Supremacists"
5519:
5453:"Attacks Terrorize Pakistanis in London"
5344:
5268:
4431:or Warhammer. Nazi theories of Slavs as
4316:White power skinheads also tend to bear
4268:
4079:
3788:supporters among the working class. The
3771:
2701:
7965:Anti-black racism in the United Kingdom
7252:Skinhead History, Identity, and Culture
6673:Perry, Barbara; Scrivens, Ryan (2019).
6660:
6645:
6621:
6606:
6594:
6582:
6570:
6553:
6538:
6502:
6487:
6463:
6360:
6333:
6200:
6097:
6058:
6046:
6017:
5978:
5954:
5873:
5812:
5800:
5788:
5776:
5764:
5745:
5733:
5709:
5564:
5507:
5287:
5244:
5103:
5060:
3884:reached the top of the charts in 1993.
1961:
41:
7970:Anti-black racism in the United States
7310:. State University of New York Press.
6475:
6372:
6188:
6124:
6112:
6085:
6073:
6034:
6005:
5885:
5824:
5600:
5552:
5368:
5329:
5314:
5256:
5217:
4407:have since evolved into the idea of a
3662:Emergence of the white power skinheads
3251:Swedish Committee Against Antisemitism
7032:Spirit of '69 : a Skinhead bible
6435:
6433:
6348:
5694:
5640:
5628:
5588:
5576:
5495:
5478:
5383:
5299:
5205:
5115:
3282:Jerusalem Declaration on Antisemitism
2328:during the Israel-Hamas war (2023-24)
2023:Jerusalem Declaration on Antisemitism
503:Kotleba – People's Party Our Slovakia
356:Movements, organizations, and parties
7:
7214:Communist and Post-Communist Studies
6633:
6410:Cleaver, Hannah (22 February 2001).
5653:Groundwater, Colin (June 10, 2020).
4372:, along with the presence of former
3971:and to the neo-fascist organization
538:National Democratic Party of Germany
6164:Bishop, Katherine (June 13, 1988).
5170:from the original on July 18, 2021.
5087:No Remorse: "Jew-boys need cyclone
4488:White power skinheads see both the
4181:'s preference for casual clothing.
3805:which released Skrewdriver's album
3792:(RAC) genre, relaunched in 1982 by
3719:– emerged as a skinhead version of
3413:. Many of them are affiliated with
2578:21 Paths to the Kingdom of Darkness
1737:Colorado Springs nightclub shooting
603:National Socialist Party of America
593:National Socialist Liberation Front
7955:Islamophobia in the United Kingdom
7569:Skinheads Against Racial Prejudice
7339:10.1111/j.1755-618X.1997.tb00206.x
6788:. University of California Press.
6297:Liu, Chelsea (December 10, 2017).
5451:Weinraub, Bernard (9 April 1970).
5015:(2003, known in-game as the Skinz)
4376:(especially former members of the
4236:Skinheads Against Racial Prejudice
4030:1993 Russian constitutional crisis
3856:, Gaël Bodilis, created the label
3768:Political links and radicalization
3516:according to Clarke. It had heavy
3276:Working definition of antisemitism
2038:Working definition of antisemitism
788:World Union of National Socialists
708:Social-National Assembly (Ukraine)
25:
7960:Islamophobia in the United States
7226:10.1016/j.postcomstud.2012.07.015
4463:leaders regard as their "Bible".
4160:opposition to illegal immigration
4146:. In 2004, the white power label
3256:Union of Councils for Soviet Jews
1712:2021 United States Capitol attack
598:National Socialist Movement (USA)
508:Korean National Youth Association
7945:Neo-Nazism in the United Kingdom
7283:10.1111/j.1533-8525.2006.00046.x
6979:Terrorism and Political Violence
6933:10.1111/j.1475-682X.2006.00149.x
6426:from the original on 2022-01-12.
4358:White genocide conspiracy theory
3341:
3340:
1969:
1907:
1607:1981 Spanish coup d'état attempt
1223:Princess Marie Adelheid of Lippe
723:Spartans (Greek political party)
573:National Renaissance Party (USA)
453:Everything For the Country Party
49:
7950:Neo-Nazism in the United States
6677:. Springer Nature. p. 27.
4672:Fourth Reich (New Zealand gang)
4275:Imperial-era Reichskriegsflagge
4185:Anti-racist skinhead opposition
4014:dissolution of the Soviet Union
3936:In Germany, the hard rock band
2665:Protocols of the Elders of Zion
1632:Centennial Olympic Park bombing
7694:National Socialist black metal
7367:Nazi skinheads and racist rock
6675:Right-Wing Extremism in Canada
6143:. Edinburgh University Press.
3421:. The movement emerged in the
2621:Hunter (William Luther Pierce)
1796:National Socialist black metal
1662:Oak Creek Sikh temple shooting
1647:Columbine High School massacre
1:
7085:10.1080/0031322X.2016.1243349
7015:. New York University Press.
6299:"On Dressing Like a Skinhead"
6137:Kolsto, Pal (24 March 2016).
5439:Ashe, Virdee & Brown 2016
5185:. Potomac Books. p. 11.
4142:producer thanks to his label
3967:. It was linked to the label
3215:Campaign Against Antisemitism
2323:during the Gaza War (2008-09)
1692:Christchurch mosque shootings
1687:Pittsburgh synagogue shooting
1398:Florentine Rost van Tonningen
1063:Anthime Gionet / Baked Alaska
7940:Violence against LGBT people
7327:Canadian Review of Sociology
7122:10.1080/0031322X.2013.842289
6875:Stencilled Occasional Papers
6851:. Harvard University Press.
6849:Far-Right Politics in Europe
6636:, pp. 144–149, 178–182.
4568:Far-Right Politics in Europe
3670:, which was radicalized as "
3204:Anti-antisemitism in Germany
2696:Antisemitism on the Internet
2484:Jewish war conspiracy theory
743:Traditionalist Workers Party
488:International Third Position
7636:National Socialist Movement
7552:Red and Anarchist Skinheads
6278:Southern Poverty Law Center
5919:Southern Poverty Law Center
5160:Southern Poverty Law Center
4409:Zionist Occupied Government
4240:Red and Anarchist Skinheads
4171:Southern Poverty Law Center
3241:Southern Poverty Law Center
2400:COVID-19 pandemic incidents
1672:Trollhättan school stabbing
7991:
7512:Aryan Brotherhood of Texas
7271:The Sociological Quarterly
7162:10.2753/RUP1061-1940390143
6896:. HarperCollins Academic.
6237:Encyclopedia of Gangs 2007
4724:
3954:Rostock-Lichtenhagen riots
3628:and his inflammatory 1968
2651:On the Jews and Their Lies
1667:Charleston church shooting
1652:2006 Moscow market bombing
623:Nordic Resistance Movement
578:National Revival of Poland
558:Nationalist Movement Party
363:American Identity Movement
7674:Caribbean music in the UK
7030:Marshall, George (1991).
7007:Goodrick-Clarke, Nicholas
6991:10.1080/09546559908427509
6805:Journal of Social History
6702:. ABC-CLIO. p. 150.
5655:"A brief history of ACAB"
5410:10.1080/00313220701805927
5183:Thinking Like a Terrorist
4750:(originally a non-racist
4687:Public Enemy No. 1 (gang)
4411:(ZOG), which claims that
3944:" ideas, their 1981 song
3226:Fundamental Rights Agency
2659:Undisputed Over The World
2474: Jewish conspiracy
1747:2024 United Kingdom riots
1642:1999 London nail bombings
1622:Rocky Mountain Rendezvous
1617:Fort Smith sedition trial
838:Andrew Auernheimer / Weev
613:National Vanguard (Italy)
528:National Alliance July 18
194:Opposition to immigration
7935:Violence against gay men
7758:Clothing and accessories
7621:Keystone State Skinheads
7536:List of peckerwood gangs
7195:10.1057/9781137353832_18
7150:Russian Politics and Law
6958:Music and Arts in Action
6747:10.1177/0306396816642997
6585:, pp. 408–409, 415.
6524:Camus & Lebourg 2017
6225:Corte & Edwards 2008
6213:Corte & Edwards 2008
5991:Camus & Lebourg 2017
5967:Camus & Lebourg 2017
5898:Corte & Edwards 2008
5857:Corte & Edwards 2008
5840:Camus & Lebourg 2017
5736:, pp. 458–459, 476.
5722:Corte & Edwards 2008
5579:, pp. 158–159, 163.
5541:Camus & Lebourg 2017
5357:Camus & Lebourg 2017
5233:Camus & Lebourg 2017
5139:Camus & Lebourg 2017
4350:global Jewish conspiracy
4289:In the early 2000s, the
4084:Skinhead 88 graffiti in
4044:, and at least 2,000 in
3977:French Nationalist Party
3864:, the youth wing of the
3780:From the late 1970s the
3630:"Rivers of Blood" speech
3287:Three Ds of antisemitism
3271:Wiener Holocaust Library
3221:Community Security Trust
3083:Black Death persecutions
2598:The Dearborn Independent
2571:Antisemitic publications
1732:Aracruz school shootings
1727:2022 Bratislava shooting
1702:El Paso Walmart shooting
1697:Poway synagogue shooting
1478:Brenton Harrison Tarrant
1448:Benjamin Nathaniel Smith
1283:Frazier Glenn Miller Jr.
608:National Vanguard (U.S.)
583:National Socialist Front
533:National Bolshevik Party
448:European Social Movement
264:Pan-European nationalism
139:Economic interventionism
7306:Love, Nancy S. (2016).
7049:Moore, Jack B. (1993).
4892:Orange Is the New Black
4572:Oxford University Press
4417:control the governments
4396:The early-20th century
4219:" when associated with
4036:in preparation for the
3764:' 1982 song "A.C.A.B."
3651:Young, Gifted and Black
3624:The leading politician
3236:Simon Wiesenthal Center
2988:Corneliu Zelea Codreanu
2762:The Occidental Observer
2725:Europa: The Last Battle
2673:Between Blacks and Jews
2671:The Secret Relationship
1722:Izhevsk school shooting
1373:George Lincoln Rockwell
1103:Christopher Paul Hasson
643:Official National Front
563:National Party – Greeks
553:Nationalist Front (USA)
523:National Alliance (USA)
493:Italian Social Movement
199:Anti-parliamentarianism
7719:Rock Against Communism
7646:White Aryan Resistance
7626:Vinlanders Social Club
7362:Neo-fascists in Russia
6390:Anti-Defamation League
6305:Sarah Lawrence College
5677:Anti-Defamation League
4727:List of neo-Nazi bands
4702:White Aryan Resistance
4556:
4522:opposition to abortion
4313:events and campaigns.
4283:Anti-Defamation League
4278:
4212:
4175:Sarah Lawrence College
4156:Anti-Defamation League
4125:White Aryan Resistance
4093:
4062:Russian National Unity
4008:, appeared in 1992 in
3900:
3831:British National Party
3790:Rock against Communism
3777:
3701:Science & Violence
3606:South Asian immigrants
3246:Stephen Roth Institute
3209:Anti-Defamation League
1592:Piazza Fontana bombing
1582:1967 Greek coup d'état
883:Anders Behring Breivik
828:Gaston-Armand Amaudruz
688:Russian National Unity
543:National Front (Italy)
418:British National Party
368:American Freedom Party
119:Social interventionism
7110:Patterns of Prejudice
7073:Patterns of Prejudice
6902:10.4324/9780203224946
6866:Clarke, John (1973).
6817:10.1353/jsh.2004.0079
5398:Patterns of Prejudice
5271:, pp. 12, 21–29.
5181:German, Mike (2007).
5044:Far-right subcultures
4631:Notable organizations
4451:William Luther Pierce
4272:
4192:
4136:William Luther Pierce
4121:Church of the Creator
4083:
3896:Neo-Nazi skinhead in
3895:
3775:
3758:all cops are bastards
3471:White power skinheads
3383:White power skinheads
2953:William Luther Pierce
2631:The International Jew
2543:Stab-in-the-back myth
2526:Rootless cosmopolitan
1883:Unite Against Fascism
1717:Buffalo Tops shooting
1707:Bærum mosque shooting
1677:Unite the Right rally
1627:Oklahoma City bombing
1612:Neo-Nazism in America
1587:Tate-LaBianca murders
1558:Francis Parker Yockey
1333:William Luther Pierce
1318:Georgios Papadopoulos
1148:Konstantin Kasimovsky
783:White power skinheads
773:United Patriots Front
713:Socialist Reich Party
668:Patriotic Alternative
438:Deutsche Reichspartei
393:Aryan Republican Army
383:Antipodean Resistance
378:Anti-Communist Action
7576:White power skinhead
7480:Friends Stand United
7465:Football hooliganism
6921:Sociological Inquiry
6478:, pp. 152, 154.
6312:on November 24, 2019
5940:Goodrick-Clarke 2001
5779:, pp. 460, 469.
5152:"Aryan Prison Gangs"
5034:Ian Stuart Donaldson
4692:Ryno-Skachevsky gang
4546:Ian Stuart Donaldson
4002:Football hooliganism
3888:Internationalization
3802:Rock against Fascism
3798:Ian Stuart Donaldson
3754:football hooliganism
3557:re-recreation of an
3330:Zionist antisemitism
3137:Martyrdom in Judaism
2863:Richard Girnt Butler
2616:Hitlers Zweites Buch
2202:textbook controversy
1818:White power skinhead
1488:Eugène Terre'Blanche
1078:Joshua Ryne Goldberg
1028:Joseph Paul Franklin
978:Ian Stuart Donaldson
913:Christopher Cantwell
858:William John Beattie
718:Sonnenkrieg Division
653:One-People Principle
638:November 9th Society
518:National Action (UK)
328:National Syndicalism
7925:Anti-LGBT sentiment
7415:Vintage subcultures
6648:, pp. 409–410.
6541:, pp. 413–414.
6526:, pp. 108–109.
6419:The Daily Telegraph
6274:"Aryan Brotherhood"
6203:, pp. 403–404.
6088:, pp. 272–273.
5993:, pp. 105–106.
5888:, pp. 112–114.
5803:, pp. 408–409.
5791:, pp. 479–480.
5631:, pp. 162–163.
5591:, pp. 158–159.
5302:, pp. 157–158.
5247:, pp. 399–400.
4405:conspiracy theories
4148:Panzerfaust Records
3838:European Parliament
3742:right-wing politics
3510:skinhead subculture
3433:in the 1980–1990s.
3411:skinhead subculture
3179:Spanish Inquisition
3078:Rhineland massacres
2588:Culture of Critique
2442:Cultural Bolshevism
1914:Politics portal
1771:Right-wing populism
1742:Allen mall shooting
1657:2011 Norway attacks
1602:Greensboro massacre
1123:Dimitrios Ioannidis
848:Alexander Barkashov
683:Republic (Slovakia)
548:National Front (UK)
398:Atomwaffen Division
373:American Nazi Party
274:National Bolshevism
149:Fascist corporatism
7591:Blood & Honour
7564:Anti-Racist Action
7532:Public Enemy No. 1
7456:Modern subcultures
7146:Tarasov, Aleksandr
6262:. 6 February 2007.
6242:2009-08-07 at the
6170:The New York Times
6020:, pp. 44, 52.
5458:The New York Times
5039:Far-right politics
4982:American History X
4784:American History X
4716:In popular culture
4647:Blood & Honour
4605:Blood & Honour
4490:permissive society
4456:The Turner Diaries
4279:
4246:Style and clothing
4221:left-wing politics
4213:
4144:Resistance Records
4094:
3969:Rebelles Européens
3901:
3868:, the neo-fascist
3858:Rebelles Européens
3822:Blood & Honour
3778:
3610:black West Indians
3514:East End of London
3504:Origins in England
3391:neo-Nazi skinheads
3147:Pale of Settlement
3053:Gamal Abdel Nasser
2973:Kevin Alfred Strom
2958:Richard B. Spencer
2801:Triple parentheses
2684:The Turner Diaries
2657:Our Race Will Rule
2626:1988 Hamas Charter
2420:Antisemitic tropes
2306:Christian Identity
2239:Conservative Party
1895:Anti-Racist Action
1766:Far-right politics
1468:Kevin Alfred Strom
1463:Richard B. Spencer
1273:Robert Jay Mathews
1233:Michael McLaughlin
823:Bela Ewald Althans
658:Patriot of Ukraine
618:New European Order
403:Blood & Honour
279:National-anarchism
234:Christian Identity
82:Ethnic nationalism
7920:Neo-Nazi concepts
7907:
7906:
7507:Aryan Brotherhood
7475:Hardcore skinhead
7317:978-1-4384-6205-9
7261:978-1-315-47479-3
7204:978-1-137-35383-2
7034:. ST Publishing.
7022:978-0-8147-3237-3
6911:978-0-203-22494-6
6795:978-0-520-93072-8
6782:Blee, Kathleen M.
6709:978-0-313-35953-8
6684:978-3-030-25169-7
6386:"Boots and Laces"
6336:, pp. 48–49.
6061:, pp. 52–55.
6049:, pp. 55–56.
5957:, pp. 50–51.
5914:"Racist Skinhead"
5481:, pp. 33–39.
5049:White power music
4993:
4992:
4976:Skinhead Attitude
4920:Skinhead Attitude
4712:
4711:
4494:sexual revolution
4164:Aryan Brotherhood
4140:white power music
4129:National Alliance
4038:First Chechen War
4018:Mikhail Gorbachev
3958:reunified Germany
3931:Hammerskin Nation
3878:white power music
3844:who succumbed to
3746:white power music
3614:Alexander Tarasov
3415:white nationalist
3403:white supremacist
3380:
3379:
3162:Russian Civil War
3103:Ghettos in Europe
2933:Ernest G. Liebold
2832:Prominent figures
2713:The Daily Stormer
2603:Ethnic Cleansing
2583:The Barnes Review
2462:Franklin Prophecy
1948:
1947:
1813:White power music
1808:Political Soldier
1681:Unite the Right 2
1518:Jack van Tongeren
1493:H. Keith Thompson
1403:Hans-Ulrich Rudel
1383:Dylann Storm Roof
1363:Povl Riis-Knudsen
1328:Michael Peinovich
1288:Davud Monshizadeh
1248:Jacques de Mahieu
1193:Robert E. Kuttner
1163:Colin King-Ansell
1073:Fredrik Vejdeland
1053:Matthew Q. Gebert
953:Peter Cvjetanovic
818:Giorgio Almirante
443:The Daily Stormer
87:White nationalism
18:Neo-Nazi skinhead
16:(Redirected from
7982:
7900:Peckerwood gangs
7765:Alpha Industries
7596:British Movement
7522:European Kindred
7401:
7394:
7387:
7378:
7350:
7321:
7302:
7265:
7237:
7220:(3–4): 269–278.
7208:
7181:
7141:
7116:(4–5): 458–482.
7104:
7079:(4–5): 398–419.
7069:Pollard, John F.
7064:
7045:
7026:
7002:
6973:
6952:
6915:
6888:
6872:
6862:
6845:Lebourg, Nicolas
6841:Camus, Jean-Yves
6836:
6799:
6777:
6767:
6749:
6734:Race & Class
6714:
6713:
6695:
6689:
6688:
6670:
6664:
6658:
6649:
6643:
6637:
6631:
6625:
6619:
6610:
6604:
6598:
6592:
6586:
6580:
6574:
6568:
6557:
6551:
6542:
6536:
6527:
6521:
6506:
6500:
6491:
6485:
6479:
6473:
6467:
6461:
6455:
6454:
6443:(9 April 2005).
6441:Asthana, Anushka
6437:
6428:
6427:
6415:
6407:
6401:
6400:
6398:
6396:
6382:
6376:
6370:
6364:
6358:
6352:
6346:
6337:
6331:
6322:
6321:
6319:
6317:
6308:. Archived from
6294:
6288:
6287:
6285:
6284:
6270:
6264:
6263:
6252:
6246:
6234:
6228:
6222:
6216:
6210:
6204:
6198:
6192:
6186:
6180:
6179:
6177:
6176:
6161:
6155:
6154:
6134:
6128:
6122:
6116:
6110:
6101:
6095:
6089:
6083:
6077:
6071:
6062:
6056:
6050:
6044:
6038:
6032:
6021:
6015:
6009:
6003:
5994:
5988:
5982:
5976:
5970:
5964:
5958:
5952:
5943:
5937:
5931:
5930:
5928:
5926:
5910:
5901:
5895:
5889:
5883:
5877:
5871:
5860:
5854:
5843:
5837:
5828:
5822:
5816:
5810:
5804:
5798:
5792:
5786:
5780:
5774:
5768:
5762:
5749:
5743:
5737:
5731:
5725:
5719:
5713:
5707:
5698:
5692:
5681:
5680:
5669:
5663:
5662:
5650:
5644:
5638:
5632:
5626:
5620:
5610:
5604:
5598:
5592:
5586:
5580:
5574:
5568:
5562:
5556:
5550:
5544:
5538:
5523:
5517:
5511:
5505:
5499:
5493:
5482:
5476:
5470:
5469:
5467:
5465:
5448:
5442:
5436:
5430:
5429:
5393:
5387:
5381:
5372:
5366:
5360:
5354:
5348:
5347:, p. 21–29.
5342:
5333:
5327:
5318:
5312:
5303:
5297:
5291:
5285:
5272:
5266:
5260:
5254:
5248:
5242:
5236:
5230:
5221:
5215:
5209:
5203:
5197:
5196:
5178:
5172:
5171:
5169:
5156:
5148:
5142:
5136:
5119:
5113:
5091:
5085:
5079:
5075:
5069:
5065:
5004:Ethnic Cleansing
4769:
4657:British Movement
4636:
4613:Odin Brotherhood
4575:
4526:paranoid anxiety
4469:Benito Mussolini
4370:British Movement
4046:Nizhnii Novgorod
3409:offshoot of the
3393:(but derided as
3387:racist skinheads
3385:, also known as
3372:
3365:
3358:
3344:
3343:
3023:Nichifor Crainic
2968:Julius Streicher
2908:Heinrich Himmler
2773:Renegade Tribune
2494:Judeo-Bolshevism
2473:
2467:Host desecration
2447:Cultural Marxism
2333:Holocaust denial
1973:
1950:
1940:
1933:
1926:
1912:
1911:
1528:Dominique Venner
1453:Albert Spaggiari
1388:Horst Rosenkranz
1348:Otto Ernst Remer
1313:Revilo P. Oliver
1213:Daniel Lewis Lee
1188:Gottfried Küssel
1178:August Kreis III
1108:Matthew Heimbach
943:Harold Covington
888:Alain de Benoist
878:Salvador Borrego
843:Alparslan Türkeş
778:Vanguard America
413:British Movement
333:Japanese statism
301:Clerical fascism
189:Ultranationalism
164:Racial supremacy
134:Social Darwinism
99:Authoritarianism
53:
30:
21:
7990:
7989:
7985:
7984:
7983:
7981:
7980:
7979:
7910:
7909:
7908:
7903:
7874:
7855:Steel-toe boots
7753:
7652:
7559:Trojan skinhead
7457:
7451:
7410:
7405:
7358:
7353:
7324:
7318:
7305:
7268:
7262:
7249:
7245:
7243:Further reading
7240:
7211:
7205:
7184:
7144:
7107:
7067:
7061:
7048:
7042:
7029:
7023:
7005:
6976:
6955:
6918:
6912:
6891:
6885:
6870:
6865:
6859:
6839:
6802:
6796:
6780:
6727:
6723:
6718:
6717:
6710:
6697:
6696:
6692:
6685:
6672:
6671:
6667:
6659:
6652:
6644:
6640:
6632:
6628:
6620:
6613:
6605:
6601:
6593:
6589:
6581:
6577:
6569:
6560:
6552:
6545:
6537:
6530:
6522:
6509:
6501:
6494:
6486:
6482:
6474:
6470:
6462:
6458:
6439:
6438:
6431:
6409:
6408:
6404:
6394:
6392:
6384:
6383:
6379:
6371:
6367:
6359:
6355:
6347:
6340:
6332:
6325:
6315:
6313:
6296:
6295:
6291:
6282:
6280:
6272:
6271:
6267:
6254:
6253:
6249:
6244:Wayback Machine
6235:
6231:
6223:
6219:
6211:
6207:
6199:
6195:
6187:
6183:
6174:
6172:
6163:
6162:
6158:
6151:
6136:
6135:
6131:
6123:
6119:
6111:
6104:
6096:
6092:
6084:
6080:
6072:
6065:
6057:
6053:
6045:
6041:
6033:
6024:
6016:
6012:
6004:
5997:
5989:
5985:
5977:
5973:
5965:
5961:
5953:
5946:
5938:
5934:
5924:
5922:
5912:
5911:
5904:
5896:
5892:
5884:
5880:
5872:
5863:
5855:
5846:
5838:
5831:
5823:
5819:
5811:
5807:
5799:
5795:
5787:
5783:
5775:
5771:
5763:
5752:
5744:
5740:
5732:
5728:
5720:
5716:
5708:
5701:
5693:
5684:
5671:
5670:
5666:
5652:
5651:
5647:
5639:
5635:
5627:
5623:
5611:
5607:
5599:
5595:
5587:
5583:
5575:
5571:
5563:
5559:
5551:
5547:
5539:
5526:
5518:
5514:
5506:
5502:
5494:
5485:
5477:
5473:
5463:
5461:
5450:
5449:
5445:
5437:
5433:
5395:
5394:
5390:
5382:
5375:
5367:
5363:
5355:
5351:
5343:
5336:
5328:
5321:
5313:
5306:
5298:
5294:
5286:
5275:
5267:
5263:
5255:
5251:
5243:
5239:
5231:
5224:
5216:
5212:
5204:
5200:
5193:
5180:
5179:
5175:
5167:
5154:
5150:
5149:
5145:
5137:
5122:
5114:
5105:
5100:
5095:
5094:
5086:
5082:
5076:
5072:
5066:
5062:
5057:
5030:
4994:
4960:This Is England
4868:Made in Britain
4860:The Infiltrator
4824:Higher Learning
4729:
4718:
4713:
4633:
4621:Slavic paganism
4597:Ancient Germans
4582:
4577:
4564:Nicolas Lebourg
4560:Jean-Yves Camus
4558:
4538:
4502:John F. Pollard
4486:
4481:
4439:white supremacy
4398:Judeo-Bolshevik
4382:John F. Pollard
4342:
4248:
4187:
4078:
4054:Yasenevo Market
3989:
3918:
3890:
3770:
3668:punk subculture
3664:
3619:council housing
3575:hippie movement
3506:
3501:
3481:Nicolas Lebourg
3477:Jean-Yves Camus
3473:
3444:
3439:
3376:
3335:
3334:
3315:Self-hating Jew
3305:
3297:
3296:
3217:
3199:
3189:
3188:
3073:
3063:
3062:
3038:Philippe Pétain
3033:László Ferenczy
3013:Gheorghe Buzatu
2948:Eustace Mullins
2943:Kevin MacDonald
2923:Osama bin Laden
2918:Arthur J. Jones
2903:Joseph Goebbels
2893:Theodor Fritsch
2883:Louis Farrakhan
2868:Édouard Drumont
2858:James von Brunn
2833:
2825:
2824:
2779:The Right Stuff
2697:
2689:
2688:
2675:
2672:
2661:
2658:
2636:La Libre Parole
2611:La France juive
2573:
2563:
2562:
2457:Finance control
2422:
2412:
2411:
2353:Nation of Islam
2281:
2273:
2272:
2180:Imperial Russia
2053:
2043:
2042:
2018:
1989:
1988:
1944:
1906:
1901:
1900:
1899:
1878:American Antifa
1862:
1854:
1853:
1852:
1802:Nouvelle Droite
1781:Italian fascism
1776:British fascism
1760:
1752:
1751:
1577:
1569:
1568:
1567:
1553:Christian Worch
1368:Jacob D. Robida
1293:Eustace Mullins
1243:James H. Madole
1238:Timothy McVeigh
1133:Arthur J. Jones
1093:Matthew F. Hale
1048:Mark Fredriksen
1033:Gianfranco Fini
1023:Roy Frankhouser
983:Aleksandr Dugin
893:James von Brunn
807:
799:
798:
797:
748:Tricolour Flame
673:Posse Comitatus
498:Kohti Vapautta!
357:
349:
348:
347:
295:
287:
286:
285:
254:Neo-Legionarism
249:Identitarianism
244:Esoteric Nazism
228:
220:
219:
218:
214:Anti-capitalism
159:Anti-liberalism
104:One-party state
92:White supremacy
72:Actual idealism
61:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7988:
7986:
7978:
7977:
7972:
7967:
7962:
7957:
7952:
7947:
7942:
7937:
7932:
7927:
7922:
7912:
7911:
7905:
7904:
7902:
7901:
7898:
7896:Hooligan firms
7893:
7891:Skinhead films
7888:
7886:Skinhead books
7882:
7880:
7876:
7875:
7873:
7872:
7867:
7862:
7857:
7852:
7847:
7842:
7837:
7832:
7827:
7822:
7817:
7812:
7807:
7802:
7797:
7792:
7787:
7782:
7777:
7772:
7767:
7761:
7759:
7755:
7754:
7752:
7751:
7749:Trojan Records
7746:
7741:
7736:
7731:
7726:
7721:
7716:
7711:
7706:
7701:
7696:
7691:
7686:
7681:
7676:
7671:
7666:
7660:
7658:
7654:
7653:
7651:
7650:
7649:
7648:
7643:
7638:
7633:
7631:National Front
7628:
7623:
7618:
7616:Heritage Front
7613:
7608:
7603:
7598:
7593:
7588:
7583:
7581:American Front
7573:
7572:
7571:
7566:
7556:
7555:
7554:
7549:
7539:
7538:
7537:
7534:
7529:
7527:Nazi Lowriders
7524:
7519:
7514:
7509:
7499:
7498:
7497:
7492:
7487:
7482:
7472:
7467:
7461:
7459:
7453:
7452:
7450:
7449:
7444:
7439:
7434:
7429:
7424:
7418:
7416:
7412:
7411:
7406:
7404:
7403:
7396:
7389:
7381:
7375:
7374:
7369:
7364:
7357:
7356:External links
7354:
7352:
7351:
7333:(2): 175–206.
7322:
7316:
7303:
7277:(2): 275–304.
7266:
7260:
7246:
7244:
7241:
7239:
7238:
7209:
7203:
7182:
7142:
7105:
7065:
7059:
7046:
7040:
7027:
7021:
7003:
6985:(2): 111–140.
6974:
6953:
6927:(2): 145–165.
6916:
6910:
6889:
6884:978-0704404892
6883:
6863:
6857:
6837:
6811:(1): 157–178.
6800:
6794:
6778:
6724:
6722:
6719:
6716:
6715:
6708:
6690:
6683:
6665:
6663:, p. 410.
6650:
6638:
6626:
6624:, p. 407.
6611:
6609:, p. 406.
6599:
6597:, p. 418.
6587:
6575:
6573:, p. 414.
6558:
6556:, p. 415.
6543:
6528:
6507:
6505:, p. 411.
6492:
6490:, p. 408.
6480:
6468:
6466:, p. 271.
6456:
6429:
6402:
6377:
6365:
6353:
6351:, p. 170.
6338:
6323:
6303:The Phoenix –
6289:
6265:
6247:
6229:
6217:
6205:
6193:
6191:, p. 149.
6181:
6156:
6149:
6129:
6127:, p. 270.
6117:
6115:, p. 275.
6102:
6090:
6078:
6076:, p. 272.
6063:
6051:
6039:
6037:, p. 269.
6022:
6010:
6008:, p. 271.
5995:
5983:
5971:
5969:, p. 109.
5959:
5944:
5942:, p. 198.
5932:
5902:
5890:
5878:
5876:, p. 405.
5861:
5844:
5842:, p. 104.
5829:
5827:, p. 111.
5817:
5805:
5793:
5781:
5769:
5767:, p. 402.
5750:
5748:, p. 478.
5738:
5726:
5714:
5712:, p. 412.
5699:
5697:, p. 164.
5682:
5664:
5645:
5643:, p. 163.
5633:
5621:
5618:New York Times
5612:cite web |url=
5605:
5603:, p. 117.
5593:
5581:
5569:
5567:, p. 400.
5557:
5545:
5543:, p. 103.
5524:
5512:
5510:, p. 468.
5500:
5498:, p. 162.
5483:
5471:
5443:
5431:
5388:
5386:, p. 161.
5373:
5361:
5359:, p. 102.
5349:
5334:
5332:, p. 116.
5319:
5304:
5292:
5273:
5261:
5249:
5237:
5235:, p. 108.
5222:
5210:
5208:, p. 160.
5198:
5191:
5173:
5143:
5141:, p. 105.
5120:
5118:, p. 159.
5102:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5093:
5092:
5080:
5070:
5059:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5052:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5029:
5026:
5025:
5024:
5016:
5008:
4991:
4990:
4986:
4985:
4979:
4972:
4964:
4956:
4948:
4940:
4932:
4924:
4916:
4906:
4905:
4904:
4900:Romper Stomper
4896:
4888:
4880:
4872:
4864:
4856:
4848:
4838:
4837:
4836:
4828:
4820:
4812:
4804:
4796:
4788:
4780:
4767:
4761:
4760:
4755:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4717:
4714:
4710:
4709:
4705:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4682:National Front
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4581:
4578:
4574:: pp. 108–109.
4550:
4537:
4534:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4473:Ferenc Szálasi
4447:Fourteen Words
4421:Western states
4366:National Front
4341:
4338:
4247:
4244:
4186:
4183:
4109:American Front
4077:
4074:
4058:Vladimir Putin
3988:
3985:
3981:Front National
3975:, then to the
3973:Troisième Voie
3917:
3914:
3889:
3886:
3870:Troisième Voie
3866:Front National
3782:National Front
3769:
3766:
3717:Cockney accent
3689:anti-immigrant
3663:
3660:
3656:Bob and Marcia
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3472:
3469:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3423:United Kingdom
3378:
3377:
3375:
3374:
3367:
3360:
3352:
3349:
3348:
3337:
3336:
3333:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3306:
3304:Related topics
3303:
3302:
3299:
3298:
3295:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3211:
3206:
3200:
3195:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3187:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3165:
3164:
3159:
3157:Russian Empire
3149:
3144:
3142:Nuremberg Laws
3139:
3134:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3111:
3110:
3105:
3098:Jewish quarter
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3074:
3069:
3068:
3065:
3064:
3061:
3060:
3058:Richard Wagner
3055:
3050:
3048:Stepan Bandera
3045:
3043:Symon Petliura
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2878:Adolf Eichmann
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2827:
2826:
2823:
2822:
2820:Veterans Today
2817:
2814:The Unz Review
2810:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2721:
2716:
2709:
2704:
2698:
2695:
2694:
2691:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2669:
2667:
2662:
2655:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2574:
2569:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2561:
2560:
2558:ZOG conspiracy
2555:
2553:White genocide
2550:
2548:Well poisoning
2545:
2540:
2539:
2538:
2533:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2506:Judeo-Masonism
2503:
2502:
2501:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2423:
2418:
2417:
2414:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2408:
2407:
2402:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2371:
2370:
2365:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2309:
2308:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2282:
2280:Manifestations
2279:
2278:
2275:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2265:
2264:
2263:
2258:
2248:
2247:
2246:
2241:
2234:United Kingdom
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2205:
2204:
2194:
2193:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2121:
2120:
2115:
2113:Dreyfus affair
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2054:
2049:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2028:Nexus Document
2025:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2010:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1991:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1984:discrimination
1980:Jewish history
1975:
1974:
1966:
1965:
1959:
1958:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1942:
1935:
1928:
1920:
1917:
1916:
1903:
1902:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1864:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1823:Third Position
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1762:
1761:
1759:Related topics
1758:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1578:
1575:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1538:Martin Webster
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1503:Terry Tremaine
1500:
1498:Joseph Tommasi
1495:
1490:
1485:
1483:Antonio Tejero
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1438:Miguel Serrano
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1413:Makoto Sakurai
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1378:Manfred Roeder
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1258:Charles Manson
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1183:Michael Kühnen
1180:
1175:
1173:Matthias Koehl
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1088:István Győrkös
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1058:Payton Gendron
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1018:Haakon Forwald
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
973:Françoise Dior
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
908:Richard Butler
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
813:Curtis Allgier
809:
808:
805:
804:
801:
800:
796:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
768:Union Movement
765:
760:
758:True Blue Crew
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
693:Serbian Action
690:
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
628:Northern Order
625:
620:
615:
610:
605:
600:
595:
590:
585:
580:
575:
570:
565:
560:
555:
550:
545:
540:
535:
530:
525:
520:
515:
510:
505:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
400:
395:
390:
385:
380:
375:
370:
365:
359:
358:
355:
354:
351:
350:
346:
345:
340:
335:
330:
325:
320:
319:
318:
313:
303:
297:
296:
293:
292:
289:
288:
284:
283:
282:
281:
276:
269:Third Position
266:
261:
256:
251:
246:
241:
236:
230:
229:
226:
225:
222:
221:
217:
216:
211:
206:
204:Anti-communism
201:
196:
191:
186:
181:
176:
171:
166:
161:
156:
151:
146:
141:
136:
131:
126:
121:
116:
111:
106:
101:
96:
95:
94:
89:
79:
74:
69:
63:
62:
59:
58:
55:
54:
46:
45:
39:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7987:
7976:
7973:
7971:
7968:
7966:
7963:
7961:
7958:
7956:
7953:
7951:
7948:
7946:
7943:
7941:
7938:
7936:
7933:
7931:
7928:
7926:
7923:
7921:
7918:
7917:
7915:
7899:
7897:
7894:
7892:
7889:
7887:
7884:
7883:
7881:
7877:
7871:
7868:
7866:
7863:
7861:
7858:
7856:
7853:
7851:
7848:
7846:
7843:
7841:
7838:
7836:
7833:
7831:
7828:
7826:
7823:
7821:
7818:
7816:
7813:
7811:
7808:
7806:
7805:Flight jacket
7803:
7801:
7798:
7796:
7793:
7791:
7790:Donkey jacket
7788:
7786:
7783:
7781:
7778:
7776:
7773:
7771:
7768:
7766:
7763:
7762:
7760:
7756:
7750:
7747:
7745:
7742:
7740:
7737:
7735:
7732:
7730:
7727:
7725:
7722:
7720:
7717:
7715:
7712:
7710:
7707:
7705:
7702:
7700:
7699:Northern soul
7697:
7695:
7692:
7690:
7687:
7685:
7682:
7680:
7679:Hardcore punk
7677:
7675:
7672:
7670:
7667:
7665:
7662:
7661:
7659:
7655:
7647:
7644:
7642:
7639:
7637:
7634:
7632:
7629:
7627:
7624:
7622:
7619:
7617:
7614:
7612:
7609:
7607:
7604:
7602:
7599:
7597:
7594:
7592:
7589:
7587:
7584:
7582:
7579:
7578:
7577:
7574:
7570:
7567:
7565:
7562:
7561:
7560:
7557:
7553:
7550:
7548:
7545:
7544:
7543:
7540:
7535:
7533:
7530:
7528:
7525:
7523:
7520:
7518:
7515:
7513:
7510:
7508:
7505:
7504:
7503:
7500:
7496:
7495:Straight edge
7493:
7491:
7488:
7486:
7483:
7481:
7478:
7477:
7476:
7473:
7471:
7468:
7466:
7463:
7462:
7460:
7454:
7448:
7445:
7443:
7440:
7438:
7435:
7433:
7430:
7428:
7425:
7423:
7420:
7419:
7417:
7413:
7409:
7402:
7397:
7395:
7390:
7388:
7383:
7382:
7379:
7373:
7370:
7368:
7365:
7363:
7360:
7359:
7355:
7348:
7344:
7340:
7336:
7332:
7328:
7323:
7319:
7313:
7309:
7304:
7300:
7296:
7292:
7288:
7284:
7280:
7276:
7272:
7267:
7263:
7257:
7254:. Routledge.
7253:
7248:
7247:
7242:
7235:
7231:
7227:
7223:
7219:
7215:
7210:
7206:
7200:
7196:
7192:
7188:
7183:
7179:
7175:
7171:
7167:
7163:
7159:
7155:
7151:
7147:
7143:
7139:
7135:
7131:
7127:
7123:
7119:
7115:
7111:
7106:
7102:
7098:
7094:
7090:
7086:
7082:
7078:
7074:
7070:
7066:
7062:
7060:0-87972-582-6
7056:
7052:
7047:
7043:
7041:1-898927-10-3
7037:
7033:
7028:
7024:
7018:
7014:
7013:
7008:
7004:
7000:
6996:
6992:
6988:
6984:
6980:
6975:
6971:
6967:
6963:
6959:
6954:
6950:
6946:
6942:
6938:
6934:
6930:
6926:
6922:
6917:
6913:
6907:
6903:
6899:
6895:
6890:
6886:
6880:
6876:
6869:
6864:
6860:
6858:9780674971530
6854:
6850:
6846:
6842:
6838:
6834:
6830:
6826:
6822:
6818:
6814:
6810:
6806:
6801:
6797:
6791:
6787:
6783:
6779:
6775:
6771:
6766:
6761:
6757:
6753:
6748:
6743:
6739:
6735:
6731:
6726:
6725:
6720:
6711:
6705:
6701:
6694:
6691:
6686:
6680:
6676:
6669:
6666:
6662:
6657:
6655:
6651:
6647:
6642:
6639:
6635:
6630:
6627:
6623:
6618:
6616:
6612:
6608:
6603:
6600:
6596:
6591:
6588:
6584:
6579:
6576:
6572:
6567:
6565:
6563:
6559:
6555:
6550:
6548:
6544:
6540:
6535:
6533:
6529:
6525:
6520:
6518:
6516:
6514:
6512:
6508:
6504:
6499:
6497:
6493:
6489:
6484:
6481:
6477:
6472:
6469:
6465:
6460:
6457:
6452:
6451:
6446:
6442:
6436:
6434:
6430:
6425:
6421:
6420:
6414:
6406:
6403:
6391:
6387:
6381:
6378:
6374:
6369:
6366:
6362:
6357:
6354:
6350:
6345:
6343:
6339:
6335:
6330:
6328:
6324:
6311:
6307:
6306:
6300:
6293:
6290:
6279:
6275:
6269:
6266:
6261:
6257:
6251:
6248:
6245:
6241:
6238:
6233:
6230:
6227:, p. 13.
6226:
6221:
6218:
6215:, p. 12.
6214:
6209:
6206:
6202:
6197:
6194:
6190:
6185:
6182:
6171:
6167:
6160:
6157:
6152:
6150:9781474410434
6146:
6142:
6141:
6133:
6130:
6126:
6121:
6118:
6114:
6109:
6107:
6103:
6100:, p. 54.
6099:
6094:
6091:
6087:
6082:
6079:
6075:
6070:
6068:
6064:
6060:
6055:
6052:
6048:
6043:
6040:
6036:
6031:
6029:
6027:
6023:
6019:
6014:
6011:
6007:
6002:
6000:
5996:
5992:
5987:
5984:
5981:, p. 51.
5980:
5975:
5972:
5968:
5963:
5960:
5956:
5951:
5949:
5945:
5941:
5936:
5933:
5921:
5920:
5915:
5909:
5907:
5903:
5899:
5894:
5891:
5887:
5882:
5879:
5875:
5870:
5868:
5866:
5862:
5858:
5853:
5851:
5849:
5845:
5841:
5836:
5834:
5830:
5826:
5821:
5818:
5815:, p. 49.
5814:
5809:
5806:
5802:
5797:
5794:
5790:
5785:
5782:
5778:
5773:
5770:
5766:
5761:
5759:
5757:
5755:
5751:
5747:
5742:
5739:
5735:
5730:
5727:
5723:
5718:
5715:
5711:
5706:
5704:
5700:
5696:
5691:
5689:
5687:
5683:
5678:
5674:
5668:
5665:
5660:
5656:
5649:
5646:
5642:
5637:
5634:
5630:
5625:
5622:
5619:
5615:
5609:
5606:
5602:
5597:
5594:
5590:
5585:
5582:
5578:
5573:
5570:
5566:
5561:
5558:
5555:, p. 14.
5554:
5549:
5546:
5542:
5537:
5535:
5533:
5531:
5529:
5525:
5522:, p. 19.
5521:
5520:Marshall 1991
5516:
5513:
5509:
5504:
5501:
5497:
5492:
5490:
5488:
5484:
5480:
5475:
5472:
5460:
5459:
5454:
5447:
5444:
5440:
5435:
5432:
5427:
5423:
5419:
5415:
5411:
5407:
5404:(1): 83–104.
5403:
5399:
5392:
5389:
5385:
5380:
5378:
5374:
5371:, p. 11.
5370:
5365:
5362:
5358:
5353:
5350:
5346:
5345:Marshall 1991
5341:
5339:
5335:
5331:
5326:
5324:
5320:
5317:, p. 13.
5316:
5311:
5309:
5305:
5301:
5296:
5293:
5290:, p. 46.
5289:
5284:
5282:
5280:
5278:
5274:
5270:
5269:Marshall 1991
5265:
5262:
5259:, p. 10.
5258:
5253:
5250:
5246:
5241:
5238:
5234:
5229:
5227:
5223:
5220:, p. 99.
5219:
5214:
5211:
5207:
5202:
5199:
5194:
5188:
5184:
5177:
5174:
5166:
5162:
5161:
5153:
5147:
5144:
5140:
5135:
5133:
5131:
5129:
5127:
5125:
5121:
5117:
5112:
5110:
5108:
5104:
5097:
5089:
5084:
5081:
5074:
5071:
5064:
5061:
5054:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5031:
5027:
5022:
5021:
5017:
5014:
5013:
5009:
5006:
5005:
5001:
5000:
4999:
4998:
4989:
4983:
4980:
4977:
4973:
4970:
4969:
4965:
4962:
4961:
4957:
4954:
4953:
4949:
4946:
4945:
4941:
4938:
4937:
4933:
4930:
4929:
4925:
4922:
4921:
4917:
4914:
4913:
4909:
4908:
4907:
4902:
4901:
4897:
4894:
4893:
4889:
4886:
4885:
4881:
4878:
4877:
4873:
4870:
4869:
4865:
4862:
4861:
4857:
4854:
4853:
4849:
4846:
4845:
4841:
4840:
4839:
4834:
4833:
4829:
4826:
4825:
4821:
4818:
4817:
4813:
4810:
4809:
4805:
4802:
4801:
4797:
4794:
4793:
4789:
4786:
4785:
4781:
4778:
4777:
4776:Adam's Apples
4773:
4772:
4771:
4770:
4766:
4765:
4759:
4756:
4753:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4730:
4728:
4723:
4722:
4715:
4708:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4639:
4638:
4637:
4630:
4628:
4626:
4622:
4618:
4614:
4610:
4606:
4602:
4598:
4594:
4590:
4586:
4579:
4576:
4573:
4569:
4565:
4561:
4555:
4549:
4547:
4543:
4535:
4533:
4529:
4527:
4523:
4517:
4516:subcultures.
4515:
4511:
4507:
4503:
4499:
4495:
4491:
4483:
4478:
4476:
4474:
4470:
4464:
4462:
4459:, which some
4458:
4457:
4452:
4448:
4444:
4440:
4436:
4435:
4434:Untermenschen
4430:
4426:
4422:
4418:
4414:
4410:
4406:
4403:
4402:Judeo-Masonic
4399:
4394:
4392:
4387:
4383:
4379:
4375:
4371:
4367:
4363:
4359:
4355:
4354:miscegenation
4351:
4347:
4339:
4337:
4335:
4331:
4327:
4323:
4319:
4314:
4312:
4308:
4304:
4300:
4296:
4292:
4287:
4284:
4276:
4271:
4267:
4265:
4261:
4257:
4253:
4245:
4243:
4241:
4237:
4232:
4230:
4224:
4222:
4218:
4211:
4207:
4204:skinheads in
4203:
4199:
4195:
4191:
4184:
4182:
4180:
4176:
4172:
4167:
4165:
4161:
4157:
4151:
4149:
4145:
4141:
4137:
4132:
4130:
4126:
4122:
4118:
4114:
4110:
4106:
4105:Clark Martell
4101:
4099:
4091:
4087:
4082:
4076:United States
4075:
4073:
4070:
4066:
4063:
4059:
4055:
4049:
4047:
4043:
4042:St Petersburg
4039:
4035:
4031:
4027:
4026:Boris Yeltsin
4023:
4022:privatization
4019:
4015:
4011:
4007:
4003:
3999:
3994:
3986:
3984:
3982:
3978:
3974:
3970:
3966:
3961:
3959:
3955:
3951:
3947:
3943:
3939:
3934:
3932:
3928:
3923:
3915:
3913:
3909:
3907:
3899:
3894:
3887:
3885:
3883:
3879:
3875:
3871:
3867:
3863:
3859:
3855:
3854:Brest Arsenal
3851:
3847:
3843:
3839:
3834:
3832:
3827:
3823:
3818:
3816:
3812:
3808:
3803:
3799:
3795:
3791:
3787:
3783:
3774:
3767:
3765:
3763:
3759:
3755:
3751:
3750:country music
3747:
3743:
3739:
3733:
3732:at concerts.
3730:
3726:
3722:
3718:
3714:
3710:
3706:
3702:
3698:
3693:
3690:
3686:
3682:
3677:
3673:
3669:
3661:
3659:
3657:
3653:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3627:
3622:
3620:
3615:
3611:
3607:
3603:
3599:
3595:
3591:
3587:
3583:
3578:
3576:
3572:
3568:
3564:
3560:
3556:
3553:– in fact "a
3552:
3548:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3533:
3529:
3526:
3522:
3519:
3515:
3511:
3508:The original
3503:
3498:
3496:
3494:
3490:
3486:
3482:
3478:
3475:According to
3470:
3468:
3466:
3465:working class
3462:
3458:
3454:
3449:
3441:
3436:
3434:
3432:
3431:North America
3428:
3424:
3420:
3416:
3412:
3408:
3404:
3400:
3396:
3392:
3388:
3384:
3373:
3368:
3366:
3361:
3359:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3350:
3347:
3339:
3338:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3320:Weaponization
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3310:Philosemitism
3308:
3307:
3301:
3300:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3231:Philosemitism
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3216:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3201:
3198:
3193:
3192:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3154:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3132:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3115:The Holocaust
3113:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3100:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3075:
3072:
3067:
3066:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3008:Octavian Goga
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2993:Ion Antonescu
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2963:Joseph Stalin
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2938:Martin Luther
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2843:Andrew Anglin
2841:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2829:
2828:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2815:
2811:
2809:
2808:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2780:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2763:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2714:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2702:4chan (/pol/)
2700:
2699:
2693:
2692:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2660:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2606:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2593:Currency Wars
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2575:
2572:
2567:
2566:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2537:
2536:Slánský trial
2534:
2532:
2531:Doctors' plot
2529:
2528:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2516:Media control
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:International
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2424:
2421:
2416:
2415:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2307:
2304:
2303:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2283:
2277:
2276:
2269:
2266:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2252:
2249:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2203:
2200:
2199:
2198:
2195:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2177:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2110:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2052:
2047:
2046:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2014:
2013:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1993:
1992:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1967:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1951:
1941:
1936:
1934:
1929:
1927:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1918:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1904:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1890:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1858:
1857:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1838:Radical right
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1763:
1756:
1755:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1682:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1597:Borghese coup
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1573:
1572:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1533:Varg Vikernes
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1473:Rocky Suhayda
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1458:Otto Strasser
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1443:Otto Skorzeny
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1428:Gary Schipper
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1393:Fritz Rössler
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1308:Terry Nichols
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1263:Clark Martell
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1208:Lee Beom-seok
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1168:Yoshio Kodama
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1158:Jason Kessler
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1008:Bert Eriksson
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
998:James Ellison
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
963:Léon Degrelle
961:
959:
958:Nathan Damigo
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
923:Patrick Casey
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
833:Andrew Anglin
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
810:
803:
802:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
703:Social Action
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
663:Patriot Front
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
619:
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
599:
596:
594:
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
579:
576:
574:
571:
569:
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
519:
516:
514:
513:Manson Family
511:
509:
506:
504:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
408:Britain First
406:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
389:
388:Aryan Nations
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
374:
371:
369:
366:
364:
361:
360:
353:
352:
344:
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
317:
314:
312:
309:
308:
307:
304:
302:
299:
298:
291:
290:
280:
277:
275:
272:
271:
270:
267:
265:
262:
260:
257:
255:
252:
250:
247:
245:
242:
240:
237:
235:
232:
231:
224:
223:
215:
212:
210:
207:
205:
202:
200:
197:
195:
192:
190:
187:
185:
182:
180:
177:
175:
172:
170:
167:
165:
162:
160:
157:
155:
152:
150:
147:
145:
144:Protectionism
142:
140:
137:
135:
132:
130:
127:
125:
122:
120:
117:
115:
112:
110:
107:
105:
102:
100:
97:
93:
90:
88:
85:
84:
83:
80:
78:
75:
73:
70:
68:
65:
64:
57:
56:
52:
48:
47:
44:
40:
36:
32:
31:
19:
7879:Other topics
7845:Sweater vest
7825:Levi Strauss
7739:Stax Records
7575:
7517:Aryan Circle
7470:Gay skinhead
7330:
7326:
7307:
7274:
7270:
7251:
7217:
7213:
7186:
7156:(1): 43–89.
7153:
7149:
7113:
7109:
7076:
7072:
7050:
7031:
7011:
6982:
6978:
6961:
6957:
6924:
6920:
6893:
6874:
6848:
6808:
6804:
6785:
6740:(1): 34–54.
6737:
6733:
6721:Bibliography
6699:
6693:
6674:
6668:
6661:Pollard 2016
6646:Pollard 2016
6641:
6629:
6622:Pollard 2016
6607:Pollard 2016
6602:
6595:Pollard 2016
6590:
6583:Pollard 2016
6578:
6571:Pollard 2016
6554:Pollard 2016
6539:Pollard 2016
6503:Pollard 2016
6488:Pollard 2016
6483:
6471:
6464:Ventsel 2014
6459:
6448:
6417:
6405:
6395:February 17,
6393:. Retrieved
6389:
6380:
6368:
6361:Ventsel 2014
6356:
6334:Tarasov 2001
6316:February 17,
6314:. Retrieved
6310:the original
6302:
6292:
6281:. Retrieved
6277:
6268:
6259:
6250:
6232:
6220:
6208:
6201:Pollard 2016
6196:
6184:
6173:. Retrieved
6169:
6159:
6139:
6132:
6120:
6098:Tarasov 2001
6093:
6081:
6059:Tarasov 2001
6054:
6047:Tarasov 2001
6042:
6018:Tarasov 2001
6013:
5986:
5979:Tarasov 2001
5974:
5962:
5955:Tarasov 2001
5935:
5925:February 17,
5923:. Retrieved
5917:
5900:, p. 4.
5893:
5881:
5874:Pollard 2016
5859:, p. 6.
5820:
5813:Tarasov 2001
5808:
5801:Pollard 2016
5796:
5789:Shaffer 2013
5784:
5777:Shaffer 2013
5772:
5765:Pollard 2016
5746:Shaffer 2013
5741:
5734:Shaffer 2013
5729:
5724:, p. 5.
5717:
5710:Shaffer 2013
5667:
5648:
5636:
5624:
5608:
5596:
5584:
5572:
5565:Pollard 2016
5560:
5548:
5515:
5508:Shaffer 2013
5503:
5474:
5462:. Retrieved
5456:
5446:
5434:
5401:
5397:
5391:
5364:
5352:
5295:
5288:Tarasov 2001
5264:
5252:
5245:Pollard 2016
5240:
5213:
5201:
5182:
5176:
5158:
5146:
5088:
5083:
5073:
5063:
5018:
5010:
5002:
4996:
4995:
4987:
4966:
4958:
4950:
4942:
4934:
4926:
4918:
4910:
4898:
4890:
4882:
4874:
4866:
4858:
4850:
4842:
4830:
4822:
4814:
4808:Erasing Hate
4806:
4798:
4792:The Believer
4790:
4782:
4774:
4763:
4762:
4721:Music groups
4720:
4719:
4706:
4609:Christianity
4604:
4589:modern pagan
4583:
4567:
4566:(2017),
4557:
4552:
4542:police state
4539:
4530:
4518:
4487:
4465:
4454:
4432:
4395:
4343:
4324:warriors or
4315:
4303:Adolf Hitler
4288:
4280:
4249:
4233:
4229:Paki-bashing
4225:
4214:
4198:anti-fascist
4168:
4152:
4133:
4102:
4098:Ku Klux Klan
4095:
4071:
4067:
4050:
4005:
3998:Soviet Union
3990:
3962:
3945:
3938:Böhse Onkelz
3935:
3919:
3910:
3902:
3882:Ultima Thule
3836:In 1990 the
3835:
3819:
3811:Nick Griffin
3806:
3779:
3734:
3729:Gary Bushell
3700:
3699:album named
3694:
3665:
3649:
3640:The Observer
3638:
3635:Paki-bashing
3626:Enoch Powell
3623:
3594:Paki-bashing
3579:
3558:
3554:
3551:gender roles
3542:, and early
3534:genres like
3507:
3474:
3445:
3419:prison gangs
3394:
3390:
3386:
3382:
3381:
3325:Anti-Zionism
3184:Yellow badge
3129:
3125:Jewish quota
3028:Ioan Slavici
2983:Ernst Zündel
2913:Adolf Hitler
2898:Nick Fuentes
2838:Baked Alaska
2812:
2805:
2778:
2760:
2736:Goebbels Gap
2723:
2711:
2605:(video game)
2604:
2479:Jewish lobby
2427:Andinia Plan
2261:21st century
2244:Labour Party
2209:South Africa
2197:Saudi Arabia
2185:Soviet Union
2118:21st-century
1963:Antisemitism
1887:
1868:Anti-fascism
1817:
1800:
1786:Ku Klux Klan
1563:Ernst Zündel
1513:John Tyndall
1508:Donald Trump
1433:Hans Schmidt
1408:Eric Rudolph
1353:Jack Renshaw
1253:Horst Mahler
1153:Chevie Kehoe
1138:Colin Jordan
1128:David Irving
1118:Heath Hitler
1113:Michael Hill
1083:Nick Griffin
1068:Erich Gliebe
1043:Franco Freda
1003:Neil Erikson
968:Savitri Devi
938:Frank Collin
933:Mark Collett
918:Willis Carto
898:George Burdi
873:Kerry Bolton
763:Tsagaan Khas
648:Ordine Nuovo
633:Noua Dreaptă
209:Anti-Marxism
7795:Dr. Martens
7770:Ben Sherman
7684:Mod revival
7611:Hammerskins
7586:Aryan Guard
6964:(1): 4–20.
6476:Cooter 2006
6373:Cooter 2006
6189:Cooter 2006
6125:Worger 2012
6113:Worger 2012
6086:Worger 2012
6074:Worger 2012
6035:Worger 2012
6006:Worger 2012
5886:Cotter 1999
5825:Cotter 1999
5601:Cotter 1999
5553:Clarke 1973
5369:Clarke 1973
5330:Cotter 1999
5315:Clarke 1973
5257:Clarke 1973
5218:Clarke 1976
4997:Video games
4748:Skrewdriver
4677:Hammerskins
4642:Aryan Guard
4625:Catholicism
4536:Marginality
4506:puritanical
4352:to promote
4311:anti-racist
4258:, thin red
4256:Doc Martens
4202:anti-racist
4113:Hammerskins
3965:Serge Ayoub
3946:Türken Raus
3942:white power
3927:hate speech
3922:Berlin Wall
3842:Nicky Crane
3826:Rock-O-Rama
3815:Nazi salute
3807:White Power
3794:Skrewdriver
3762:The 4-Skins
3738:moral panic
3709:music genre
3697:French rock
3672:street punk
3646:Rastafarism
3608:. Even so,
3590:neo-fascism
3582:white power
3571:masculinity
3544:West Indian
3532:black music
3485:white power
3461:anti-racist
3407:antisemitic
3174:Segregation
3071:Persecution
3018:Nae Ionescu
2719:Disclose.tv
2432:Blood libel
2368:Strasserism
2150:New Zealand
2098:Costa Rican
2017:Definitions
1889:Searchlight
1523:Russell Veh
1358:Bill Riccio
1343:J. T. Ready
1323:John Patler
1303:Paul Nehlen
1298:David Myatt
1278:Tom Metzger
1268:James Mason
1218:Alex Linder
1143:Gordon Kahl
1098:Eric Harris
988:Nihal Atsız
948:Nicky Crane
698:Skrewdriver
473:Grey Wolves
463:Golden Dawn
458:Forza Nuova
338:Strasserism
169:Reactionism
114:Natural law
77:Nationalism
43:Neo-fascism
7930:Homophobia
7914:Categories
7820:Harrington
7810:Fred Perry
7744:Studio One
7724:Rocksteady
7641:Volksfront
7606:Creativity
7547:Red Action
7502:Peckerwood
7458:and groups
7437:Scooterboy
6422:. London.
6349:Brown 2004
6283:2020-06-17
6175:2019-03-13
5695:Brown 2004
5641:Brown 2004
5629:Brown 2004
5589:Brown 2004
5577:Brown 2004
5496:Brown 2004
5479:Moore 1993
5384:Brown 2004
5300:Brown 2004
5206:Brown 2004
5192:1597970255
5116:Brown 2004
5098:References
4952:Steel Toes
4844:Ill Manors
4816:Green Room
4743:No Remorse
4725:See also:
4697:Volksfront
4617:Wotansvolk
4498:Homophobia
4484:Puritanism
4443:David Lane
4429:No Remorse
4391:aesthetics
4362:neo-Nazism
4346:ethnic war
4326:Berserkers
4307:Nazi Party
4260:suspenders
4117:Volksfront
4115:(1987) or
4034:Caucasians
3786:grassroots
3685:right-wing
3676:nihilistic
3604:and other
3602:Pakistanis
3586:neo-Nazism
3567:hedonistic
3563:permissive
3536:rocksteady
3437:Definition
3292:Yad Vashem
3197:Opposition
3169:Refuseniks
3120:Jewish hat
3093:Expulsions
3003:A. C. Cuza
2998:Horia Sima
2978:Rick Wiles
2928:David Lane
2888:Henry Ford
2873:David Duke
2848:Louis Beam
2796:Terrorgram
2791:Stormfront
2646:Mein Kampf
2511:Kosher tax
2499:Żydokomuna
2437:Cohen Plan
2313:Creativity
1861:Opposition
1548:Bill White
1543:Jeff Weise
1423:Kurt Saxon
1418:Jim Saleam
1338:Blas Piñar
1203:Gary Lauck
1198:David Lane
1038:Paul Fromm
1013:Leo Felton
993:David Duke
928:Craig Cobb
903:Dan Burros
863:René Binet
853:Louis Beam
793:Wotansvolk
678:Proud Boys
483:Iron Guard
259:Neo-Nazism
239:Ecofascism
184:Xenophobia
60:Core ideas
7709:Punk rock
7669:Blue Beat
7601:Combat 18
7447:Suedehead
7347:1755-618X
7299:143261429
7291:0038-0253
7234:0967-067X
7178:144644768
7170:1061-1940
7138:144461518
7130:0031-322X
7101:151502563
7093:0031-322X
6999:0954-6553
6970:1754-7105
6949:144299471
6941:1475-682X
6825:0022-4529
6756:0306-3968
6634:Blee 2002
6453:. London.
6450:The Times
5426:143681971
5418:0031-322X
4936:SLC Punk!
4912:Russia 88
4800:Dead Bang
4758:Skullhead
4752:punk rock
4662:Combat 18
4652:Boot Boys
4479:Lifestyle
4461:Combat 18
4415:secretly
4330:Waffen-SS
4252:skinheads
4217:Red Skins
4194:Anarchist
4179:alt-right
4006:skinkhedy
3850:Combat 18
3721:punk rock
3453:dichotomy
3448:skinheads
3442:Skinheads
3395:boneheads
2853:Don Black
2786:StoneToss
2756:Metapedia
2751:Jew Watch
2641:The Light
2395:Secondary
2390:Religious
2301:Christian
2291:Alt-right
2268:Venezuela
2190:Stalinist
2165:Palestine
2063:Australia
2058:Argentina
2051:Geography
2007:Reference
1873:Anarchism
1828:Alt-right
1791:Nazi punk
1228:Klas Lund
868:Don Black
738:The Order
423:CasaPound
343:Falangism
227:Varieties
109:Hierarchy
7850:Solovair
7835:Lonsdale
7815:Grinders
7800:Flat cap
7485:Hardline
7432:Sharpies
7427:Rude boy
7408:Skinhead
7009:(2001).
6847:(2017).
6833:42029805
6784:(2002).
6774:28479657
6424:Archived
6260:CBS News
6240:Archived
5165:Archived
5028:See also
5020:RoadKill
4984:" (1998)
4978:" (2003)
4928:Skinning
4852:Imperium
4733:Kolovrat
4667:Format18
4504:, this "
4492:and the
4386:neo-Nazi
4368:and the
4340:Ideology
4295:neo-Nazi
4291:Lonsdale
4206:Hannover
3993:Glasnost
3681:fanzines
3600:against
3598:violence
3596:", i.e.
3555:stylized
3528:rude boy
3525:Jamaican
3455:between
3399:neo-Nazi
3346:Category
3261:UN Watch
3131:Judensau
3088:Boycotts
2746:Groypers
2489:Judensau
2363:Neo-Nazi
2348:Medieval
2318:Economic
2286:Academic
2160:Pakistan
2033:Three Ds
2002:Timeline
1978:Part of
1955:a series
1953:Part of
1848:Trumpism
1833:Morenazi
753:Triple A
179:Nativism
174:Populism
124:Eugenics
35:a series
33:Part of
7865:Tredair
7830:Loafers
7785:Crombie
7775:Brogues
7542:Redskin
7442:Soulboy
6765:5327924
5012:Manhunt
4968:Tic Tac
4944:Sökarna
4923:(2003)`
4876:Neo Ned
4738:Landser
4585:Odinism
4580:Odinism
4356:" (see
4318:tattoos
4299:acronym
4264:Crombie
4210:Germany
3898:Germany
3796:leader
3518:British
3499:History
3427:Eurasia
3152:Pogroms
2807:TruNews
2768:Red Ice
2741:GoyimTV
2452:Deicide
2405:Zionist
2380:Olympic
2338:Islamic
2256:History
2229:Ukraine
2170:Romania
2135:Hungary
2125:Germany
2093:Chilean
2088:Chinese
2078:Belgium
2073:Belarus
2068:Austria
1997:History
1843:Ruscism
1576:History
733:Svoboda
316:British
311:Italian
306:Fascism
294:Origins
154:Autarky
129:Heroism
67:Fascism
7870:Trilby
7780:Brutus
7714:Reggae
7689:Motown
7664:2 Tone
7345:
7314:
7297:
7289:
7258:
7232:
7201:
7176:
7168:
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6706:
6681:
6147:
5673:"ACAB"
5464:4 July
5424:
5416:
5189:
5007:(2002)
4988:
4971:(1997)
4963:(2006)
4955:(2006)
4947:(1993)
4939:(1998)
4931:(2010)
4915:(2009)
4903:(1992)
4895:(2016)
4887:(1998)
4884:Pariah
4879:(2005)
4871:(1983)
4863:(1995)
4855:(2016)
4847:(2012)
4835:(1995)
4827:(1995)
4819:(2015)
4811:(2011)
4803:(1989)
4795:(2001)
4787:(1998)
4779:(2005)
4707:
4587:, the
4562:&
4514:hippie
4425:denial
4336:rune.
4322:Viking
4250:Early
4162:. The
4010:Moscow
3987:Russia
3950:Lindau
3916:Europe
3906:Russia
3547:reggae
3483:, the
3457:racist
3278:(IHRA)
3108:Mellah
2781:(blog)
2385:Racial
2358:Nazism
2343:Jewish
2224:Turkey
2219:Sweden
2175:Russia
2155:Norway
2130:Greece
2108:France
2103:Europe
2083:Canada
806:People
323:Nazism
7657:Music
7295:S2CID
7174:S2CID
7134:S2CID
7097:S2CID
6945:S2CID
6871:(PDF)
6829:S2CID
5422:S2CID
5168:(PDF)
5155:(PDF)
5078:1999.
5055:Notes
4764:Films
4754:band)
4601:ethos
4593:Norse
4374:Nazis
4334:Tiwaz
4090:Italy
4086:Turin
3744:and "
3559:image
3493:music
2707:8chan
2679:Siege
2521:QAnon
2214:Spain
2145:Japan
2140:Italy
728:SUMKA
468:GRECE
7860:Suit
7840:MA-1
7734:Soul
7343:ISSN
7312:ISBN
7287:ISSN
7256:ISBN
7230:ISSN
7199:ISBN
7166:ISSN
7126:ISSN
7089:ISSN
7055:ISBN
7036:ISBN
7017:ISBN
6995:ISSN
6966:ISSN
6937:ISSN
6906:ISBN
6879:ISBN
6853:ISBN
6821:ISSN
6790:ISBN
6770:PMID
6752:ISSN
6704:ISBN
6679:ISBN
6397:2020
6318:2020
6145:ISBN
5927:2020
5466:2021
5414:ISSN
5187:ISBN
4832:I.D.
4595:and
4512:and
4471:and
4449:and
4413:Jews
4400:and
4281:The
4234:The
4200:and
4169:The
4016:and
3874:PNFE
3846:AIDS
3687:and
3565:and
3523:and
3489:gang
3479:and
3459:and
3429:and
3405:and
3389:and
2296:Arab
1982:and
7729:Ska
7704:Oi!
7490:Oi!
7422:Mod
7335:doi
7279:doi
7222:doi
7191:doi
7158:doi
7118:doi
7081:doi
6987:doi
6929:doi
6898:doi
6813:doi
6760:PMC
6742:doi
5406:doi
4615:or
4510:mod
4453:'s
4445:'s
4419:of
4305:'s
4301:of
4242:).
3862:FNJ
3725:ska
3713:Oi!
3705:NPD
3654:by
3588:or
3540:ska
3521:mod
2731:Gab
2375:New
2251:USA
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7341:.
7331:34
7329:.
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