33:
55:
314:
20 mm versus 4 mm. Adult males do not build their own webs, but live with females, with sometimes several males found in the web of an adult or immature female. They accordingly lack silk glands producing sticky silk. Males often mate with a freshly moulted female, which cannot resist due
674:"Rounding up the usual suspects: a standard target-gene approach for resolving the interfamilial phylogenetic relationships of ecribellate orb-weaving spiders with a new family-rank classification (Araneae, Araneoidea)"
279:
species incorporate a tubular retreat into their webs into which they will escape when disturbed. The retreat is always built against a hard surface; the web is built against a substrate, like those of
768:
Thorell 1881: Studi sui Ragni Malesi e
Papuani. III. Ragni dell'Austro Malesia e del Capo York, conservati nel Museo civico di storia naturale di Genova. Ann. Mus. civ. stor. nat. Genova 17: 1-727.
315:
to the softness of its cuticula. They often sever their mating organs, which are then found stuck in the female genital opening. Severed males may live on in their mate's web.
256:
has a wide and high head region. The carapace features strong erect spines. The edges of the carapace are lined with a row of long white hairs. Males are 3–6 mm long.
292:. While the orbs of young spiders are roughly symmetric, adults place the web hub very close to the top frame. While most orb web spiders rebuild a damaged web completely
730:
Kuntner, M.; Arnedo, M.A.; Trontelj, P.; Lokovsek, T. & Agnarsson, I. (2013). "A molecular phylogeny of nephilid spiders: evolutionary history of a model lineage".
938:
964:
912:
672:
Dimitrov, Dimitar; Benavides, Ligia R.; Arnedo, Miquel A.; Giribet, Gonzalo; Griswold, Charles E.; Scharff, Nikolaj & Hormiga, Gustavo (2016).
951:
32:
275:
genera. They build their webs against substrates such as tree trunks or walls. These can have a diameter of up to one meter.
956:
1051:
1046:
860:
837:
470:
332:
54:
891:
969:
324:
153:
412:
904:
1041:
465:
170:
41:
408:
777:
865:
1018:
618:
995:
1013:
873:
824:
673:
457:
218:, consisting of two currently described species. (The genus was formerly placed in the Araneidae and
404:
1056:
496:
252:
Females are from 10 mm to 28 mm long, with males typically only reaching about 5mm. The
706:
635:
49:
418:
In 2013, based on phylogenetic studies, Matjaž Kuntner and co-workers split the original genus
411:
studies from 2004 onwards consistently placed nephilids within
Araneidae. Accordingly in 2016,
977:
943:
747:
698:
441:
1005:
815:
982:
739:
688:
627:
500:
538:
380:
302:
are nocturnal spiders, spending most of the day in their retreat and nights at the hub.
899:
886:
534:
522:
species occur in tropical Asia, from India to
Indonesia, and in Queensland, Australia.
400:
219:
1035:
631:
415:
et al. returned the group to their traditional position as a subfamily of
Araneidae.
362:
126:
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710:
639:
842:
490:
268:
194:
162:
925:
809:
743:
482:
445:
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407:
removed the nephilines from
Araneidae and raised them to the family Nephilidae.
241:
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96:
508:
504:
396:
384:
272:
215:
136:
800:
376:
288:
86:
66:
751:
702:
327:. He placed four species in the genus, including the species then known as
852:
345:, but differing in the position of the eyes, and in leg lengths. The name
794:
339:
as very similar in the form of the cephalothorax, maxillae and labium to
282:
106:
917:
616:, the pantropical 'hermit spiders' (Araneae, Nephilidae, Nephilinae)".
341:
253:
693:
930:
116:
76:
771:
570:
542:. At least some species shake their bodies vigorously when touched.
990:
486:
478:
474:
232:
from the habit staying in their retreats during the day; the name
395:. This classification was used until the late 20th century, when
228:
has been split off from this genus. Both genera have been called
878:
775:
399:
studies initially suggested that nephilines belonged in the
310:
The females are much larger than males, for example in
784:
660:(in German and Latin). Nürnberg: Bauer & Raspe.
426:, the remaining four being moved to the new genus
607:
605:
603:
601:
599:
597:
595:
271:(found in and around human dwellings) of the
214:is a genus of tropical spiders of the family
8:
403:, although this was later refuted. In 2006,
565:
563:
561:
559:
557:
555:
772:
422:into two genera. Two species were left in
31:
20:
692:
651:
649:
612:Matjaž Kuntner (2007). "A monograph of
551:
349:refers to the close relationship with
240:alone. Males may sever parts of their
732:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
533:are preyed upon by the spider-eating
7:
996:D27487BF-FF8A-3B0C-FF74-33BC7473F70A
905:0847799d-fa82-4e9d-9aa2-c27650d58f55
658:Die Arachniden Australiens, vol. 1
14:
323:The genus was erected in 1872 by
1019:urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:01398
632:10.1111/j.1365-3113.2006.00348.x
460:accepted the following species:
53:
391:and related genera, including
1:
581:. Natural History Museum Bern
456:As of August 2024, the
440:by the shapes of the female
201:
744:10.1016/j.ympev.2013.06.008
368:, "near to" or "close to".
1073:
387:within the Araneidae for
200:
193:
186:
181:
168:
161:
50:Scientific classification
48:
39:
30:
23:
466:Nephilengys malabarensis
335:in 1842. Koch described
42:Nephilengys malabarensis
526:Predators and parasites
436:is differentiated from
296:repairs damaged parts.
409:Molecular phylogenetic
383:erected the subfamily
619:Systematic Entomology
331:, first described by
1052:Araneomorphae genera
1047:Spiders of Australia
900:Fauna Europaea (new)
579:World Spider Catalog
458:World Spider Catalog
497:Nephilengys papuana
329:Epeira malabarensis
171:Epeira malabarensis
244:after copulation.
236:has been used for
1029:
1028:
978:Open Tree of Life
778:Taxon identifiers
694:10.1111/cla.12165
656:Koch, L. (1872).
207:
206:
157:
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1021:
1009:
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609:
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413:Dimitar Dimitrov
312:N. malabariensis
176:Walckenaer, 1841
152:
58:
57:
35:
21:
16:Genus of spiders
1072:
1071:
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1042:Spiders of Asia
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763:Further reading
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531:N. malabarensis
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887:Fauna Europaea
883:
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790:
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782:
781:
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757:
738:(3): 961–979.
722:
687:(3): 221–250.
664:
645:
591:
575:L. Koch, 1872"
550:
549:
547:
544:
535:jumping spider
527:
524:
516:
513:
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493:
453:
450:
405:Matjaž Kuntner
401:Tetragnathidae
375:in the family
320:
317:
307:
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261:
258:
249:
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234:eunuch spiders
230:hermit spiders
220:Tetragnathidae
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626:(1): 95–135.
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444:and the male
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363:Ancient Greek
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222:.) The genus
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167:
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127:Araneomorphae
125:
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26:
22:
19:
785:
735:
731:
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714:. Retrieved
684:
680:
667:
657:
623:
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613:
583:. Retrieved
578:
572:
537:
530:
529:
519:
518:
515:Distribution
495:
464:
455:
437:
433:
427:
423:
419:
417:
392:
388:
381:Eugène Simon
372:
371:Koch placed
370:
365:
358:
354:
350:
346:
340:
336:
328:
322:
311:
309:
306:Reproduction
299:
298:
293:
287:
281:
276:
269:synanthropic
267:is the most
264:
263:
251:
242:palpal bulbs
237:
233:
229:
223:
210:
209:
208:
187:
169:
163:Type species
147:
146:
123:Infraorder:
40:
24:
18:
926:iNaturalist
843:Nephilengys
830:Nephilengys
816:Nephilengys
810:Wikispecies
786:Nephilengys
614:Nephilengys
573:Nephilengys
520:Nephilengys
483:Philippines
446:palpal bulb
438:Nephilingis
434:Nephilengys
429:Nephilingis
424:Nephilengys
420:Nephilengys
393:Nephilengys
379:. In 1894,
373:Nephilengys
355:Nephilengys
347:Nephilengys
337:Nephilengys
325:Ludwig Koch
300:Nephilengys
294:Nephilengys
277:Nephilengys
265:Nephilengys
248:Description
238:Nephilengys
225:Nephilingis
211:Nephilengys
148:Nephilengys
97:Chelicerata
93:Subphylum:
25:Nephilengys
1057:Nephilidae
1036:Categories
716:2016-10-18
681:Cladistics
585:2024-08-19
546:References
509:Queensland
505:New Guinea
473:, 1842) –
471:Walckenaer
385:Nephilinae
333:Walckenaer
216:Nephilidae
137:Nephilidae
87:Arthropoda
503:, 1881 –
397:cladistic
377:Araneidae
289:Clitaetra
273:nephiline
202:2 species
195:Diversity
188:See text
107:Arachnida
73:Kingdom:
67:Eukaryota
850:BioLib:
795:Wikidata
752:23811436
711:34962403
703:34715728
640:84146620
442:epigynum
319:Taxonomy
283:Herennia
182:Species
133:Family:
83:Phylum:
77:Animalia
63:Domain:
1006:4983146
944:1066514
918:2149506
801:Q310502
501:Thorell
452:Species
389:Nephila
359:Nephila
351:Nephila
342:Nephila
254:prosoma
154:L. Koch
143:Genus:
117:Araneae
113:Order:
103:Class:
1003:uBio:
983:464419
970:450949
957:848916
892:352069
879:112732
866:211140
853:323721
750:
709:
701:
662:p. 143
638:
571:"Gen.
539:Portia
366:-engy-
260:Habits
156:, 1872
991:Plazi
939:IRMNG
931:68399
707:S2CID
677:(PDF)
636:S2CID
491:Ambon
487:Japan
479:China
475:India
965:NCBI
952:ITIS
913:GBIF
861:BOLD
748:PMID
699:PMID
286:and
1014:WSC
874:EoL
838:AFD
825:ADW
740:doi
689:doi
628:doi
477:to
1038::
1016::
993::
980::
967::
954::
941::
928::
915::
902::
889::
876::
863::
840::
827::
812::
797::
746:.
736:69
734:.
705:.
697:.
685:33
683:.
679:.
648:^
634:.
624:32
622:.
594:^
577:.
554:^
507:,
489:,
485:,
481:,
448:.
432:.
361:+
357:=
353::
754:.
742::
719:.
691::
642:.
630::
588:.
469:(
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