251:, British Salt and the much smaller New Cheshire Works, which used its small evaporator to produce a relatively low volume of a high-purity product that was not economic at the two large works. The use of natural pumping declined after the Second World War, and mostly ceased during the 1970s, but New Cheshire continued to use the process. From the mid-1980s until its closure in 2006, it was the only salt works in the UK to use the natural brine pumping method. New Cheshire was the third-largest salt producer in the UK in 1986, after ICI and British Salt. At that date, the annual salt output exceeded 50,000 tons, of which a quarter was sold to consumers under the brandname "Selva".
110:
185:, predominantly following the line of the canal. The Salt Branches Railway connected Wincham to Northwich from 1867. By the late 19th century, Wincham was a flourishing salt-manufacturing location, with several open-pan salt works as well as rock salt mines. Many of the salt works in Wincham were short lived, but some amalgamated to form Wincham Salt Works, which was located on the site of the New Cheshire Works in 1877. It was sold to the
1556:
289:
277:
later, and it closed in June 2006. At the time of closure it employed 60 people. The works site, an area of 198 acres, was purchased by a development company early in 2007, and the site has since been demolished and redeveloped. Some of the company's records are archived by
Cheshire Archives and Local Studies.
271:
In 2005, the works could produce up to 80,000 tonnes a year, and was operating at close to capacity; the total annual white salt production in the UK was estimated at a million tonnes. New
Cheshire was then one of the last three commercial salt producers in the UK. The company was sold that
254:
The vacuum process used at New
Cheshire was more expensive than that used by other British manufacturers, as well as European manufacturers exporting to the UK. The process produced pure vacuum-dried salt with less than 0.1% water content, which is suitable for use in human food, as well as a variety
276:
in May but allowed to go ahead on 8 November 2005. Although the works had been profitable in 2003 and 2004, the
Commission ruled that it would soon be rendered uneconomic by a number of factors, particularly increased energy prices. British Salt announced the closure of the Wincham works a few weeks
267:
and textile production, such as leather preparation. New
Cheshire Salt Works was the only company in the UK to produce a very pure product with less than 0.01% water content for use in the pharmaceutical industry. This required the plant to be shut down and cleaned, as well as further drying of the
227:. First tried commercially in the UK as early as 1901, several British manufacturers started up vacuum evaporator plants using a small Mirlees-type evaporator in parallel with their open-pan operations after the First World War. James Stubbs had learned about the method of vacuum evaporation in
197:
The Stubbs family had a history in the
Cheshire salt business dating back to the early 18th century, and had owned salt works near Northwich in the 19th century. The New Cheshire Salt Works was founded in 1922 or 1923 by Alfred Stubbs and other members of the Stubbs family, and remained in that
204:, to the north east of the Trent and Mersey Canal. It had two chimneys in red brick, one marked with their brand "Selva" in capitals. By 1982, New Cheshire was the only salt works remaining in Wincham, the nearby open-pan Sunbeam Salt Works having closed in the early 1970s.
239:
design, and was decorated with stripes in dark and pale wood, with brass fittings. The company updated the evaporator in the 1950s and the 1990s. In the 2000s, the works was using a small
Svenson system with three evaporator chambers (termed "effects").
577:
822:
148:
In its later years, New
Cheshire was the biggest of the few remaining family-owned salt producers. From the mid-1980s until its closure, it was the only salt works in the UK still to use the natural brine pumping method.
864:
144:
evaporation and was of a high quality. It was used for human consumption under the brandname "Selva" and in the pharmaceutical industry; New
Cheshire was the only British company to supply salt for pharmaceutical use.
223:
and lime, and the salt extracted using a closed-pan partial vacuum evaporation method. The technique was adapted from the sugar industry, and had first been applied to salt extraction in 1887 in
231:
in 1905, and the New
Cheshire Works was one of the early companies to adopt the vacuum evaporation method, importing an evaporator in the 1930s. Described as "magnificent" by journalist
590:
835:
656:
877:
1583:
750:
719:
636:
181:) Canal, which was used to transport the salt. In the 1850s salt works were established in Marston, and in the 1860s and 1870s in the adjacent village of
770:
690:
200:
1578:
1110:
866:
British Salt Limited and New Cheshire Salt Works Limited: A report on the acquisition by British Salt Limited of New Cheshire Salt Works Limited
490:
109:
1076:
1029:
990:
1588:
1440:
375:
349:
511:
211:. Such natural or wild brine pumping differs from controlled brine pumping, where water is pumped underground into rock to dissolve
904:
344:
1392:
243:
During the 1960s, most of the smaller vacuum plants closed and two companies, Staveley Industries and Cerebos, merged to form
1104:
1010:
971:
1116:
170:
1593:
1471:
248:
796:
1069:
553:
384:
744:
1598:
224:
132:
933:
1126:
1048:
1466:
1387:
962:
873:
831:
630:
586:
273:
178:
1415:
1354:
452:
1051:– photograph of the company's first vacuum evaporator, showing the Art Deco design and striped exterior
1559:
1435:
1259:
1146:
1062:
1249:
207:
Naturally occurring underground brine from the Wincham brinefield was pumped to the surface via a
1603:
1274:
713:
219:, which has been a major problem in the Northwich area. The brine was purified by treatment with
480:
186:
1502:
1497:
1279:
1025:
1006:
1001:
986:
967:
311:
174:
1476:
1461:
1189:
1164:
340:
302:
220:
1538:
1533:
1410:
1377:
1334:
1309:
1284:
1099:
526:
307:
294:
260:
1528:
1445:
1367:
1289:
1229:
1174:
1169:
1121:
996:
232:
92:
1572:
1492:
1372:
1319:
1269:
1042:
482:
New Cheshire Salt Works Ltd, Wincham: accounting, personnel, administrative [
129:
in Cheshire, UK. Run by the Stubbs family, it operated between around 1923 and 2006.
1518:
1339:
1294:
1234:
1219:
1154:
244:
1420:
1382:
1344:
1329:
1304:
1264:
1254:
1224:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1184:
173:
to become the largest salt producer in Cheshire. Mining began in the village of
1043:
Britain From Above: The New Cheshire Salt Works off Wincham Lane, Wincham, 1950
288:
1430:
1244:
1214:
1209:
1159:
1131:
284:
216:
131:
This is incorrect. The company is still active, see UK Government information
544:
1523:
1425:
1136:
256:
212:
162:
158:
126:
133:
https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/company/00194522
824:
Appendix E: Production capacities, production and UK demand for white salt
345:"Lion Salt Works and remains of part of the Alliance Salt Works (1020841)"
1543:
1324:
1314:
1179:
236:
228:
208:
177:
in 1781, a few years after the opening of the North Staffordshire (later
166:
1362:
1239:
182:
122:
85:
247:. By the 1970s, there were only three companies using the technology,
1299:
272:
year to British Salt, in an acquisition that was investigated by the
141:
136:
It produced white or brine salt from naturally occurring underground
543:
LE Taylor; TJ Brown; PAJ Lusty; K Hitchen; TB Colman; DE Highley,
153:
Early history of salt extraction in Wincham and the Northwich area
137:
108:
1085:
1058:
235:, the company's first evaporator had three chambers; it had an
264:
1024:
Vol. 12 (JJ Bagley, ed.) (Cheshire Community Council; 1985) (
985:
Vol. 9 (JJ Bagley, ed.) (Cheshire Community Council; 1978) (
215:
deposits. The process has historically been associated with
519:
The Mundling Stick: Newsletter of the Lion Salt Works Trust
198:
family for five generations. The factory was in Wincham at
979:
Cheshire, 1660–1780: Restoration to Industrial Revolution
140:
using natural or wild pumping. The salt was extracted by
1054:
927:
925:
899:
897:
1511:
1485:
1454:
1401:
1353:
1145:
1092:
791:
789:
739:
737:
735:
685:
683:
681:
679:
677:
675:
475:
473:
99:
80:
72:
57:
39:
31:
23:
486:], production and commercial records (1922–96)
255:of other purposes including animal food, such as
963:The Industrial Archaeology of North-west England
658:The Development of Vacuum Evaporation in the UK
1070:
407:
405:
403:
401:
8:
859:
857:
855:
751:Cheshire Brine Subsidence Compensation Board
720:Cheshire Brine Subsidence Compensation Board
637:Cheshire Brine Subsidence Compensation Board
268:pure vacuum-dried salt with hot-air driers.
189:in 1888, and demolished shortly afterwards.
121:was a salt manufacturer formerly located in
18:
572:
570:
429:
427:
425:
423:
421:
419:
417:
370:
368:
366:
1077:
1063:
1055:
616:
614:
612:
610:
447:
445:
443:
441:
439:
17:
746:Cessation of Natural (Wild Brine) Pumping
510:Lion Salt Works Project Director (2002),
1111:International Salt Co. v. United States
323:
377:Saltscape Project, Northwich, Cheshire
1584:Chemical plants of the United Kingdom
966:(Manchester University Press; 1982) (
546:United Kingdom Minerals Yearbook 2005
538:
536:
7:
1441:List of countries by salt production
165:in 1670, Northwich swiftly overtook
632:Brine Pumping (Initial Development)
350:National Heritage List for England
14:
1018:Cheshire in the Twentieth Century
876:, 8 November 2005, archived from
834:, 8 November 2005, archived from
589:, 8 November 2005, archived from
1555:
1554:
287:
1393:Salt and cardiovascular disease
772:Salt Making in the 20th Century
692:Salt Making in the 20th Century
113:New Cheshire Salt Works in 1986
1579:1923 establishments in England
1049:New Cheshire vacuum evaporator
1045:– historical aerial photograph
1:
932:M Veasey (14 February 2007),
905:"Uncertain times for economy"
161:bed was discovered north of
45:; 101 years ago
1589:Companies based in Cheshire
934:"Grand plan for salt works"
310:, in the nearby village of
119:New Cheshire Salt Works Ltd
1620:
453:"New Cheshire Salt Works."
1552:
1105:In the American Civil War
554:British Geological Survey
385:Cheshire West and Chester
1411:Salt Industry Commission
804:, Competition Commission
715:Contraction of the Board
225:Silver Springs, New York
193:New Cheshire Salt Works
27:Private Limited Company
19:New Cheshire Salt Works
1005:(Random House; 2011) (
874:Competition Commission
832:Competition Commission
587:Competition Commission
274:Competition Commission
114:
1022:A History of Cheshire
1002:Salt: A World History
983:A History of Cheshire
491:The National Archives
433:Kurlansky, pp. 326–30
112:
1436:Open-pan salt making
1260:Monosodium glutamate
1594:History of Cheshire
798:Salt Merger Cleared
103:White or brine salt
20:
1275:Potassium chloride
1127:In Chinese history
938:Northwich Guardian
775:, Salt Association
695:, Salt Association
661:, Salt Association
620:Tigwell, pp. 47–50
330:Hodson, pp. 140–42
115:
35:Salt manufacturing
1566:
1565:
1503:Salting the earth
1498:Salt in the Bible
1472:San Francisco Bay
1280:Potassium nitrate
909:Chester Chronicle
457:Domesday Reloaded
107:
106:
1611:
1558:
1557:
1416:Evaporation pond
1190:Calcium chloride
1079:
1072:
1065:
1056:
948:
947:
946:
944:
929:
920:
919:
918:
916:
911:, 4 January 2006
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829:
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477:
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449:
434:
431:
412:
409:
396:
395:
394:
392:
382:
372:
361:
360:
359:
357:
341:Historic England
337:
331:
328:
303:Salt in Cheshire
297:
292:
291:
221:sodium carbonate
203:
179:Trent and Mersey
125:, north east of
68:
66:
53:
51:
46:
21:
1619:
1618:
1614:
1613:
1612:
1610:
1609:
1608:
1599:History of salt
1569:
1568:
1567:
1562:
1548:
1539:Ximenes Redoubt
1534:Water softening
1507:
1481:
1450:
1403:
1397:
1378:Salt-cured meat
1349:
1335:Sodium chloride
1310:Salt substitute
1285:River reed salt
1141:
1088:
1083:
1039:
952:
951:
942:
940:
931:
930:
923:
914:
912:
903:
902:
895:
886:
884:
883:on 2 April 2014
880:
869:
863:
862:
853:
844:
842:
841:on 2 April 2014
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827:
821:
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816:
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596:on 2 April 2014
593:
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527:Lion Salt Works
514:
512:"Salt for Sale"
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387:, February 2015
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308:Lion Salt Works
295:Cheshire portal
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261:water softening
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1536:
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1529:Smelling salts
1526:
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1469:
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1456:
1452:
1451:
1449:
1448:
1446:Salt tectonics
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1407:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1395:
1390:
1388:Health effects
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1359:
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1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1290:Sodium nitrate
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1250:Korean brining
1247:
1242:
1237:
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1162:
1157:
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1134:
1129:
1124:
1122:Old Salt Route
1119:
1114:
1107:
1102:
1096:
1094:
1090:
1089:
1084:
1082:
1081:
1074:
1067:
1059:
1053:
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1038:
1037:External links
1035:
1034:
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994:
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411:Ashmore, p. 71
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233:Mark Kurlansky
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93:United Kingdom
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1512:Miscellaneous
1510:
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1493:Grain of salt
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1373:Brined cheese
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1117:In Middlewich
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83:
79:
75:
71:
60:
56:
42:
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
16:
1519:Mineral lick
1404:and industry
1220:Fleur de sel
1109:
1021:
1017:
1016:Tigwell RE.
1000:
982:
978:
961:
954:
953:
941:, retrieved
937:
913:, retrieved
908:
885:, retrieved
878:the original
865:
843:, retrieved
836:the original
823:
817:
806:, retrieved
797:
777:, retrieved
771:
765:
754:, retrieved
745:
723:, retrieved
714:
708:
697:, retrieved
691:
663:, retrieved
657:
651:
640:, retrieved
631:
625:
598:, retrieved
591:the original
578:
558:, retrieved
556:, p. 88
545:
522:
518:
505:
494:, retrieved
485:
481:
461:, retrieved
456:
389:, retrieved
376:
354:, retrieved
348:
335:
326:
270:
253:
245:British Salt
242:
206:
196:
156:
147:
130:
118:
116:
81:Headquarters
24:Company type
15:
1477:In Pakistan
1462:In Cheshire
1421:Salt mining
1383:Salted fish
1305:Salammoniac
1265:Moshio salt
1170:Asín tibuok
997:Kurlansky M
977:Hodson JH.
960:Ashmore O.
725:12 February
699:12 February
665:12 February
642:12 February
560:13 February
496:13 February
391:12 February
356:12 February
1573:Categories
1431:Sink works
1355:Food usage
1245:Kala namak
1180:Black lava
1132:Salt March
1011:1448113202
972:0719008204
943:7 February
915:7 February
887:7 February
845:7 February
808:7 February
779:7 February
756:7 February
600:7 February
463:7 February
318:References
257:salt licks
217:subsidence
187:Salt Union
171:Middlewich
88:, Cheshire
1604:Saltworks
1524:Road salt
1455:By region
1426:Salt well
1230:Himalayan
1137:Salt road
263:tablets,
213:rock salt
163:Northwich
159:rock salt
127:Northwich
76:Dissolved
1560:Category
1467:In Ghana
1402:Commerce
1325:Sel gris
1320:Seasoned
1315:Sea salt
1270:Pickling
1165:Alberger
579:Glossary
529:Trust: 4
281:See also
237:Art Deco
229:Michigan
209:borehole
201:SJ676754
167:Nantwich
157:After a
100:Products
32:Industry
1486:Culture
1368:Salting
1363:Brining
1340:Truffle
1240:Jugyeom
1235:Iodised
1175:Bittern
1100:History
1093:History
955:Sources
312:Marston
183:Wincham
175:Marston
123:Wincham
86:Wincham
63: (
58:Defunct
48: (
40:Founded
1345:Túltul
1330:Smoked
1255:Kosher
1225:Garlic
1205:Cyclic
1200:Curing
1195:Celery
1185:Butter
1155:Abraum
1028:
1009:
989:
970:
142:vacuum
1295:Onion
1215:Flake
1210:Dairy
1160:Alaea
1147:Types
881:(PDF)
870:(PDF)
839:(PDF)
828:(PDF)
802:(PDF)
594:(PDF)
583:(PDF)
550:(PDF)
525:(1),
515:(PDF)
459:, BBC
381:(PDF)
138:brine
1300:Rock
1086:Salt
1026:ISBN
1007:ISBN
987:ISBN
968:ISBN
945:2016
917:2016
889:2016
847:2016
810:2016
781:2016
758:2016
727:2016
701:2016
667:2016
644:2016
602:2016
562:2016
498:2016
465:2016
393:2016
358:2015
265:dyes
169:and
117:The
73:Fate
65:2006
61:2006
50:1923
43:1923
1544:Tax
484:sic
249:ICI
1575::
1020:.
999:.
981:.
936:,
924:^
907:,
896:^
872:,
854:^
830:,
788:^
749:,
734:^
718:,
674:^
635:,
609:^
585:,
569:^
552:,
535:^
521:,
517:,
489:,
472:^
455:,
438:^
416:^
400:^
383:,
365:^
347:,
343:,
259:,
90:,
1078:e
1071:t
1064:v
1032:)
1013:)
993:)
974:)
523:8
67:)
52:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
