37:
871:
166:
283:
1279:
46:
840:
other independent councillor, Belgica Guaña, had been a Labour candidate in 2022 but was suspended from the party after the deadline for changing party descriptions on ballot papers has passed. Therefore the electorate thought they had voted for a Labour candidate but was to sit as an independent in the chamber. The next election is due in May 2026.
458:. The split of powers and functions meant that the Greater London Council was responsible for "wide area" services such as fire, ambulance, flood prevention, and refuse disposal; with the boroughs (including Newham) responsible for "personal" services such as social care, libraries, cemeteries and refuse collection. As an
839:
Of the independent councillors, three sit together as the 'Newham
Independents' group. The "Newham Independents" became the principal opposition when Councillor Gulamussen for Plashet ward defected causing Newham's first opposition, the Greens, to lose their status as the principal opposition. The
889:
Most committees and scrutiny meetings are held in the purpose-built chamber which is not fit for purpose with the amount of councillors and the amount of public who attend based in East Ham. It was formerly known as East Ham Town Hall, completed in 1903 for the old East Ham Urban
District Council,
513:
The first election was held in 1964, initially operating as a shadow authority alongside the outgoing authorities until it came into its powers on 1 April 1965. Political control of the council since 1965 has been as follows:
485:
The local authority derives its powers and functions from the London
Government Act 1963 and subsequent legislation, and has the powers and functions of a London borough council. It sets council tax and as a
354:
494:
functions and business rates. It sets planning policies which complement
Greater London Authority and national policies, and decides on almost all planning applications accordingly. It is a
1902:
893:
In 2010 the council consolidated most of its offices into a modern building at 1000 Dockside Road, which had been built in 2004 as part of attempts to regenerate the area around the
1624:
859:
1897:
1907:
466:
since 1965. The
Greater London Council was abolished in 1986 and its functions passed to the London Boroughs, with some services provided through joint committees.
758:
The composition of the council (excluding the elected mayor's seat) as at 1 July 2024, after adjusting for one subsequent re-alignment from Labour to Green, is:
1785:
1750:
1820:
1790:
1695:
417:
259:
944:
1450:
1617:
1912:
849:
420:. For its first year the council acted as a shadow authority alongside the area's outgoing authorities, principally being the two councils of the
1485:
1103:
1019:
962:
1840:
1887:
1835:
1610:
1173:
448:
area). The new council formally came into its powers on 1 April 1965, at which point the old boroughs and their councils were abolished.
1540:
1506:
1135:
389:
1845:
1770:
1866:
1381:
1892:
1825:
1815:
1780:
1740:
1535:
796:
451:
The council's full legal name is "The Mayor and
Burgesses of the London Borough of Newham", but it styles itself Newham Council.
433:
204:
127:
98:
1431:
1800:
1775:
1765:
1755:
1795:
1745:
1735:
1725:
1715:
1052:
487:
1250:
1830:
1805:
1760:
1730:
1720:
1705:
1700:
1710:
445:
441:
474:
365:
282:
228:
36:
1667:
1633:
1221:
870:
429:
425:
413:
495:
463:
401:
247:
1850:
1649:
1406:
1358:
1068:
984:
502:, social services, libraries, waste collection and disposal, traffic, and most roads and environmental health.
491:
470:
369:
1562:
808:
455:
213:
918:
571:
477:
the council remains a "most purpose" authority in terms of the available range of powers and functions.
454:
From 1965 until 1986 the council was a lower-tier authority, with upper-tier functions provided by the
165:
883:
1641:
1480:
1098:
1014:
542:
473:
has taken some responsibility for highways and planning control from the council, but within the
1131:
1125:
1048:
774:
740:
720:
675:
655:
637:
619:
599:
554:
530:
385:
186:
110:
87:
1382:"Newham councillor suddenly quits Labour for Greens after Keir Starmer's Bangladesh comments"
1531:
393:
328:
290:
241:
1687:
690:
136:
1308:
862:, with each ward electing two or three councillors. Elections are held every four years.
1584:
1659:
437:
421:
377:
373:
63:
1881:
1677:
733:
612:
499:
105:
1333:
1672:
459:
1195:
1475:
894:
713:
668:
78:
1602:
855:
1093:
1009:
45:
901:
million after the original developers were unable to find tenants for it.
1385:
397:
1151:
854:
Since the last boundary changes in 2022 the council has comprised 66
820:
381:
897:
in the south of the borough. The council bought the building for £92
412:
The London
Borough of Newham and its council were created under the
1047:. Vol. I: Southern England. London: Royal Historical Society.
963:"Newham Council's new Chief Executive, Abi Gbago starts role today"
1451:"Newham councillor who shared 'Holocaust Hoax' article re-elected"
869:
886:, formerly the headquarters of the old West Ham Borough Council.
1432:"London councillor quits Labour Party over anger at Gaza stance"
400:
and has its main offices at 1000 Dockside Road, overlooking the
1606:
510:
The council has been under Labour majority control since 1971.
945:"Local Elections: Newham elects Rokhsana Fiaz to be its mayor"
1476:"The London Borough of Newham (Electoral Changes) Order 2021"
1127:
Local
Government Reorganisation: The Review and its Aftermath
337:
340:
308:
334:
126:
Cllr
Mehmood Mirza / Cllr Nate Higgins, Independent /
570:
Prior to 2002, political leadership was provided by the
1222:"London Borough of Newham Election Results 1964-2010"
1152:"Council Tax and Business Rates Billing Authorities"
1859:
1686:
1658:
1640:
1536:"Newham Council Offices (Grade II*) (1190712)"
343:
331:
301:
275:
265:
253:
239:
234:
222:
172:
155:
150:
134:
119:
96:
76:
71:
57:
52:
23:
1174:"Local Plan Responses – within and outside London"
1045:Guide to the Local Administrative Units of England
388:majority control since 1971. It has been led by a
1903:Local authorities in England with elected mayor
1251:"London Borough Council Elections 23 May 2014"
1618:
1280:"London Borough Council Elections 3 May 2018"
8:
1625:
1611:
1603:
20:
890:predecessor of East Ham Borough Council.
1898:Politics of the London Borough of Newham
1585:"Newham Council 'may quit £111m office'"
1069:"Air Quality Management Area Order 2019"
760:
695:
576:
516:
910:
850:Newham London Borough Council elections
1908:Local education authorities in England
1038:
1036:
878:2QU: Council's main offices since 2010
689:In 2002 the council changed to having
574:. The leaders from 1985 to 2002 were:
7:
1334:"London Boroughs Political Almanac"
1176:. Mayor of London. 12 November 2015
693:. The mayors since 2002 have been:
432:, but also the borough councils of
1541:National Heritage List for England
462:borough council Newham has been a
16:Local authority in London, England
14:
392:since 2002. The council meets at
159:66 councillors plus elected mayor
327:
281:
164:
44:
35:
1361:. Newham London Borough Council
874:1000 Dockside Road, London, E16
475:English local government system
416:, with the first election held
1913:Billing authorities in England
919:"Council minutes, 22 May 2023"
1:
1563:"Behemoth in steel and glass"
1380:Gregory, Ruby (1 July 2024).
384:. The council has been under
324:Newham London Borough Council
25:Newham London Borough Council
1010:"London Government Act 1963"
824:
812:
800:
788:
778:
498:and is also responsible for
1888:Local authorities in London
1634:Local authorities in London
1407:"Your councillors by party"
1359:"Your Councillors by Party"
1094:"Local Government Act 1985"
985:"Your Councillors by Party"
744:
727:
724:
682:
679:
662:
659:
644:
641:
626:
623:
606:
603:
490:also collects precepts for
229:East London Waste Authority
1929:
1130:. Routledge. p. 107.
847:
414:London Government Act 1963
293:, Barking Road, London, E6
1449:Felix Pope (8 May 2022).
1196:"Compositions calculator"
1043:Youngs, Frederic (1979).
829:
819:
807:
795:
785:
773:
763:
739:
719:
701:
674:
654:
636:
618:
598:
582:
553:
541:
529:
519:
496:local education authority
464:local education authority
306:
289:
280:
248:Plurality-at-large voting
163:
43:
34:
1650:Greater London Authority
1587:. BBC. 23 September 2013
1565:. Building. 25 June 2004
882:Full council is held in
492:Greater London Authority
471:Greater London Authority
370:London Borough of Newham
145:since 11 September 2023
1893:London borough councils
1688:London borough councils
1289:. London Residuary Body
1260:. London Residuary Body
691:directly elected mayors
198:Newham Independents (3)
1786:Kensington and Chelsea
1751:Hammersmith and Fulham
879:
456:Greater London Council
390:directly elected mayor
380:council, one of 32 in
1668:Corporation of London
1486:The National Archives
1231:. Plymouth University
1124:Leach, Steve (1998).
1104:The National Archives
1020:The National Archives
873:
572:leader of the council
1821:Richmond upon Thames
1791:Kingston upon Thames
1696:Barking and Dagenham
1455:The Jewish Chronicle
1200:The Elections Centre
481:Powers and functions
1438:. 22 November 2023.
1154:. Council Tax Rates
884:Stratford Town Hall
444:(in respect of the
436:(in respect of the
376:, England. It is a
180:Administration (59)
85:Rohima Rahman,
1481:legislation.gov.uk
1099:legislation.gov.uk
1015:legislation.gov.uk
880:
543:No overall control
91:since 22 May 2023
1875:
1874:
1436:www.mylondon.news
1309:"Council minutes"
837:
836:
751:
750:
687:
686:
563:
562:
506:Political control
488:billing authority
402:Royal Albert Dock
321:
320:
192:Other parties (7)
121:Opposition Leader
114:since 7 May 2018
1920:
1627:
1620:
1613:
1604:
1597:
1596:
1594:
1592:
1581:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1548:
1532:Historic England
1528:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1503:
1497:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1472:
1466:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1446:
1440:
1439:
1428:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1403:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1355:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1330:
1324:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1305:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1287:London Datastore
1284:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1258:London Datastore
1255:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1229:Elections Centre
1226:
1218:
1212:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1111:
1090:
1084:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1065:
1059:
1058:
1040:
1031:
1030:
1029:
1027:
1006:
1000:
999:
997:
995:
981:
975:
974:
972:
970:
965:. Newham Council
959:
953:
952:
943:Long, Rhiannon.
940:
934:
933:
931:
929:
915:
900:
877:
858:representing 24
761:
696:
577:
520:Party in control
517:
394:Newham Town Hall
359:
358:
357:
356:
349:
346:
345:
342:
339:
336:
333:
317:
314:
312:
310:
296:
291:Newham Town Hall
285:
224:Joint committees
212:
203:
197:
185:
174:Political groups
168:
48:
39:
21:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1918:
1917:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1871:
1860:Parish councils
1855:
1682:
1654:
1636:
1631:
1601:
1600:
1590:
1588:
1583:
1582:
1578:
1568:
1566:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1546:
1544:
1530:
1529:
1525:
1515:
1513:
1505:
1504:
1500:
1491:
1489:
1474:
1473:
1469:
1459:
1457:
1448:
1447:
1443:
1430:
1429:
1425:
1415:
1413:
1405:
1404:
1400:
1390:
1388:
1379:
1378:
1374:
1364:
1362:
1357:
1356:
1352:
1342:
1340:
1338:London Councils
1332:
1331:
1327:
1317:
1315:
1307:
1306:
1302:
1292:
1290:
1282:
1278:
1277:
1273:
1263:
1261:
1253:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1234:
1232:
1224:
1220:
1219:
1215:
1205:
1203:
1194:
1193:
1189:
1179:
1177:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1157:
1155:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1138:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1109:
1107:
1092:
1091:
1087:
1077:
1075:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1055:
1042:
1041:
1034:
1025:
1023:
1008:
1007:
1003:
993:
991:
983:
982:
978:
968:
966:
961:
960:
956:
949:Newham recorder
942:
941:
937:
927:
925:
917:
916:
912:
907:
898:
875:
868:
852:
846:
756:
568:
508:
500:council housing
483:
469:Since 2000 the
422:county boroughs
410:
366:local authority
353:
352:
351:
330:
326:
307:
294:
268:
256:
244:
225:
210:
201:
195:
183:
175:
146:
144:
139:
137:Chief Executive
130:
122:
115:
113:
109:
101:
92:
90:
86:
81:
67:
66:
30:
27:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1926:
1924:
1916:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1880:
1879:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1869:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1856:
1854:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1841:Waltham Forest
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1692:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1681:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1664:
1662:
1660:City of London
1656:
1655:
1653:
1652:
1646:
1644:
1638:
1637:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1622:
1615:
1607:
1599:
1598:
1576:
1554:
1523:
1511:Newham Council
1498:
1467:
1441:
1423:
1411:Newham Council
1398:
1372:
1350:
1325:
1313:Newham Council
1300:
1271:
1242:
1213:
1202:. 4 March 2016
1187:
1165:
1143:
1137:978-0714648590
1136:
1116:
1085:
1073:Newham Council
1060:
1053:
1032:
1001:
989:Newham Council
976:
954:
935:
923:Newham Council
909:
908:
906:
903:
867:
864:
845:
842:
835:
834:
831:
827:
826:
823:
818:
815:
814:
811:
806:
803:
802:
799:
794:
791:
790:
787:
784:
781:
780:
777:
772:
769:
768:
765:
755:
752:
749:
748:
746:
743:
738:
736:
730:
729:
726:
723:
718:
716:
710:
709:
706:
703:
700:
685:
684:
681:
678:
673:
671:
665:
664:
661:
658:
653:
651:
647:
646:
643:
640:
635:
633:
629:
628:
625:
622:
617:
615:
609:
608:
605:
602:
597:
595:
591:
590:
587:
584:
581:
567:
564:
561:
560:
557:
552:
549:
548:
545:
540:
537:
536:
533:
528:
525:
524:
521:
507:
504:
482:
479:
446:Gallions Reach
438:North Woolwich
409:
406:
378:London borough
374:Greater London
362:Newham Council
360:also known as
319:
318:
304:
303:
299:
298:
287:
286:
278:
277:
273:
272:
269:
266:
263:
262:
257:
254:
251:
250:
245:
240:
237:
236:
232:
231:
226:
223:
220:
219:
218:
217:
208:
199:
193:
190:
181:
176:
173:
170:
169:
161:
160:
157:
153:
152:
148:
147:
142:
140:
135:
132:
131:
125:
123:
120:
117:
116:
104:
102:
97:
94:
93:
84:
82:
77:
74:
73:
69:
68:
64:London borough
62:
61:
59:
55:
54:
50:
49:
41:
40:
32:
31:
29:Newham Council
28:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1925:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1858:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1836:Tower Hamlets
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1689:
1685:
1679:
1678:Middle Temple
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1657:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1628:
1623:
1621:
1616:
1614:
1609:
1608:
1605:
1586:
1580:
1577:
1564:
1558:
1555:
1543:
1542:
1537:
1533:
1527:
1524:
1512:
1508:
1502:
1499:
1488:, SI 2021/613
1487:
1483:
1482:
1477:
1471:
1468:
1456:
1452:
1445:
1442:
1437:
1433:
1427:
1424:
1412:
1408:
1402:
1399:
1387:
1383:
1376:
1373:
1360:
1354:
1351:
1339:
1335:
1329:
1326:
1314:
1310:
1304:
1301:
1288:
1281:
1275:
1272:
1259:
1252:
1246:
1243:
1230:
1223:
1217:
1214:
1201:
1197:
1191:
1188:
1175:
1169:
1166:
1153:
1147:
1144:
1139:
1133:
1129:
1128:
1120:
1117:
1105:
1101:
1100:
1095:
1089:
1086:
1074:
1070:
1064:
1061:
1056:
1050:
1046:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1021:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1005:
1002:
990:
986:
980:
977:
964:
958:
955:
950:
946:
939:
936:
924:
920:
914:
911:
904:
902:
896:
891:
887:
885:
872:
865:
863:
861:
857:
851:
843:
841:
832:
828:
822:
817:
816:
810:
805:
804:
798:
793:
792:
783:
782:
776:
771:
770:
766:
762:
759:
753:
747:
742:
737:
735:
734:Rokhsana Fiaz
732:
731:
722:
717:
715:
712:
711:
707:
704:
698:
697:
694:
692:
677:
672:
670:
667:
666:
657:
652:
649:
648:
639:
634:
631:
630:
621:
616:
614:
613:Stephen Timms
611:
610:
601:
596:
593:
592:
588:
585:
579:
578:
575:
573:
565:
559:1971–present
558:
556:
551:
550:
546:
544:
539:
538:
534:
532:
527:
526:
522:
518:
515:
511:
505:
503:
501:
497:
493:
489:
480:
478:
476:
472:
467:
465:
461:
457:
452:
449:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
407:
405:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
355:
348:
325:
316:
305:
300:
292:
288:
284:
279:
276:Meeting place
274:
270:
267:Next election
264:
261:
258:
255:Last election
252:
249:
246:
243:
242:Voting system
238:
233:
230:
227:
221:
215:
209:
206:
200:
194:
191:
188:
182:
179:
178:
177:
171:
167:
162:
158:
154:
149:
141:
138:
133:
129:
124:
118:
112:
107:
106:Rokhsana Fiaz
103:
100:
95:
89:
83:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
56:
51:
47:
42:
38:
33:
22:
19:
1867:Queen's Park
1810:
1673:Inner Temple
1589:. Retrieved
1579:
1567:. Retrieved
1557:
1545:. Retrieved
1539:
1526:
1514:. Retrieved
1510:
1501:
1490:, retrieved
1479:
1470:
1458:. Retrieved
1454:
1444:
1435:
1426:
1414:. Retrieved
1410:
1401:
1389:. Retrieved
1375:
1363:. Retrieved
1353:
1341:. Retrieved
1337:
1328:
1316:. Retrieved
1312:
1303:
1291:. Retrieved
1286:
1274:
1262:. Retrieved
1257:
1245:
1233:. Retrieved
1228:
1216:
1204:. Retrieved
1199:
1190:
1178:. Retrieved
1168:
1156:. Retrieved
1146:
1126:
1119:
1108:, retrieved
1106:, 1985 c. 51
1097:
1088:
1076:. Retrieved
1072:
1063:
1044:
1024:, retrieved
1022:, 1978 c. 33
1013:
1004:
992:. Retrieved
988:
979:
969:18 September
967:. Retrieved
957:
948:
938:
926:. Retrieved
922:
913:
892:
888:
881:
853:
838:
767:Councillors
757:
688:
569:
512:
509:
484:
468:
460:outer London
453:
450:
411:
361:
323:
322:
18:
1851:Westminster
1460:23 December
1293:29 December
1264:19 November
994:28 November
895:Royal Docks
856:councillors
809:Independent
754:Composition
728:6 May 2018
714:Robin Wales
683:5 May 2002
669:Robin Wales
214:Independent
1882:Categories
1846:Wandsworth
1771:Hillingdon
1507:"Calendar"
1235:4 November
1054:0901050679
905:References
848:See also:
745:7 May 2018
725:6 May 2002
650:Mike Brown
632:John Isted
594:Fred Jones
580:Councillor
566:Leadership
547:1968–1971
535:1965–1968
440:area) and
271:7 May 2026
260:5 May 2022
143:Abi Gbago
72:Leadership
1826:Southwark
1816:Redbridge
1781:Islington
1741:Greenwich
844:Elections
364:, is the
235:Elections
151:Structure
1801:Lewisham
1776:Hounslow
1766:Havering
1756:Haringey
1642:Regional
1547:26 April
1516:26 April
1492:26 April
1416:26 April
1386:MyLondon
1078:26 April
928:25 April
866:Premises
434:Woolwich
430:West Ham
426:East Ham
398:East Ham
368:for the
1796:Lambeth
1746:Hackney
1736:Enfield
1726:Croydon
1716:Bromley
1343:10 July
1318:10 July
1206:3 March
1180:9 April
1158:8 April
1110:5 April
442:Barking
418:in 1964
408:History
311:.newham
302:Website
1831:Sutton
1811:Newham
1806:Merton
1761:Harrow
1731:Ealing
1721:Camden
1706:Bexley
1701:Barnet
1391:2 July
1365:2 July
1134:
1051:
1026:16 May
899:
876:
821:Vacant
775:Labour
741:Labour
721:Labour
676:Labour
656:Labour
638:Labour
620:Labour
600:Labour
555:Labour
531:Labour
523:Years
386:Labour
382:London
295:
211:
202:
196:
187:Labour
184:
111:Labour
108:,
88:Labour
1711:Brent
1591:9 May
1569:9 May
1283:(PDF)
1254:(PDF)
1225:(PDF)
860:wards
830:Total
797:Green
764:Party
702:Party
699:Mayor
663:1995
645:1995
627:1994
607:1990
583:Party
350:
205:Green
156:Seats
128:Green
99:Mayor
79:Chair
1593:2020
1571:2020
1549:2024
1518:2024
1494:2024
1462:2022
1418:2024
1393:2024
1367:2024
1345:2022
1320:2022
1295:2019
1266:2019
1237:2019
1208:2023
1182:2020
1160:2020
1132:ISBN
1112:2024
1080:2024
1049:ISBN
1028:2024
996:2023
971:2023
930:2024
705:From
680:1995
660:1995
642:1994
624:1990
604:1985
586:From
428:and
313:.gov
189:(59)
58:Type
53:Type
833:66
786:NIP
779:55
708:To
589:To
424:of
396:in
372:in
315:.uk
309:www
297:2RP
216:(1)
207:(3)
1884::
1538:.
1534:.
1509:.
1484:,
1478:,
1453:.
1434:.
1409:.
1384:.
1336:.
1311:.
1285:.
1256:.
1227:.
1198:.
1102:,
1096:,
1071:.
1035:^
1018:,
1012:,
987:.
947:.
921:.
825:4
813:1
801:3
789:3
404:.
338:uː
335:nj
1626:e
1619:t
1612:v
1595:.
1573:.
1551:.
1520:.
1464:.
1420:.
1395:.
1369:.
1347:.
1322:.
1297:.
1268:.
1239:.
1210:.
1184:.
1162:.
1140:.
1082:.
1057:.
998:.
973:.
951:.
932:.
347:/
344:m
341:ə
332:ˈ
329:/
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
