1616:
uiucdcs | | | | genradbo | | | | | | (Tektronix) | | | | | | | purdue | | | decvax+===+=+====+=+=+ | | | | | | | | | | | pur-phy | | tekmdp | | | | | | | | | | | +@@@@@@cca | | | | | | | | | | | | | +=pur-ee=+=+=====+===+ | | | csin | | | | | | | | +==o===+===================+==+========+=======+====teklabs=+ | | | | | | | pdp phs grumpy wolfvax | | | | | | | | | | | cincy unc=+===+======+========+ | | | | bio | | | | | (Misc) | | (Misc) | | | | sii reed | dukgeri duke34 utzoo | | | | | | | | | | | | +====+=+=+==+====++======+==++===duke=+===+=======+==+=========+ | | | | | | | | | | | u1100s | bmd70 ucf-cs ucf | andiron | | | | | | | | | | | | | red | | | | | pyuxh | | | | zeppo | | | | | psupdp---psuvax | | | | | | | | | | | alice | whuxlb | utah-cs | | houxf | allegra | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +--chico---+ | +===+=mhtsa====research | /=+=======harpo=+==+ | | | | | | | | / | | | | hocsr | | +=+=============+=/ cbosg---+ | | | ucbopt | | | | | esquire | | : | | | cbosgd | | | : | | | | | | ucbcory | | eagle==+=====+=====+=====+=====+ | | | : | | | | | | | | | +-uwvax--+ | : | | | mhuxa mhuxh mhuxj mhuxm mhuxv | | | : | | | | | | : | | | +----------------------------o--+ | : | | | | | | ucbcad | | | ihpss mh135a | | : | | | | | | | : \--o--o------ihnss----vax135----cornell | | : | | | | | +=+==ucbvax==========+===+==+=+======+=======+=+========+=========+ (UCB) : | | | | (Silicon Valley) ucbarpa cmevax | | menlo70--hao : | | | | ucbonyx | | | sri-unix | ucsfcgl | | | | Legend: | | sytek====+========+ ------- | | | | - | / \ + = Uucp sdcsvax=+=======+=+======+ intelqa zehntel = "Bus" | | | o jumps sdcarl phonlab sdcattb : Berknet @ Arpanet
6529:
2362:, was described as "a program that attempts to provide a sane way of extracting and keeping information that comes over Usenet." The main advantage of this system was to allow users to mark articles as worthwhile to retain. The second system, YA News Archiver by Chuq Von Rospach, was similar to keepnews, but was "designed to work with much larger archives where the wonderful quadratic search time feature of the Unix ... becomes a real problem." Von Rospach in early 1985 posted a detailed RFC for "archiving and accessing usenet articles with
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can be properly propagated worldwide. Articles approved by a moderator must bear the
Approved: header line. Moderators ensure that the messages that readers see in the newsgroup conform to the charter of the newsgroup, though they are not required to follow any such rules or guidelines. Typically, moderators are appointed in the proposal for the newsgroup, and changes of moderators follow a succession plan.
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computer-related topics, and at least a third to recreation. As the mesh of UUCP hosts rapidly expanded, it became desirable to distinguish the Usenet subset from the overall network. A vote was taken at the 1982 USENIX conference to choose a new name. The name Usenet was retained, but it was established that it only applied to news. The name UUCPNET became the common name for the overall network.
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SysOps typically carry 6ā30 Usenet newsgroups each, and will often add another on request. If a desired newsgroup was not available locally, a user would need to dial to another city to download the desired news and upload one's own posts. In all cases it is desirable to hang up as soon as possible and read/write offline, making "newsreader" software commonly used to automate the process.
962:. Usenet differs from such media in several ways: Usenet requires no personal registration with the group concerned; information need not be stored on a remote server; archives are always available; and reading the messages does not require a mail or web client, but a news client. However, it is now possible to read and participate in Usenet newsgroups to a large degree using ordinary
1522:, storing data on Usenet is free of charge (although access to Usenet itself may not be). The method requires the uploader to cede control over the distribution of the data; the files are automatically disseminated to all Usenet providers exchanging data for the news group it is posted to. In general the user must manually select, prepare and upload the data. The data is typically
1500:
was at one time how posting undesired content was countered; the newsgroup would be flooded with random garbage data posts, of sufficient quantity to push out all the content to be suppressed. This has been compensated by service providers allocating enough storage to retain everything posted each day, including spam floods, without deleting anything.
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provided. Other information which is beneficial but not required includes: a charter, a rationale, and a moderation policy if the group is to be moderated. Discussion of the new newsgroup proposal follows, and is finished with the members of the Big-8 Management Board making the decision, by vote, to either approve or disapprove the new newsgroup.
2304:, which no longer offered Usenet access, and the four providers that responded to the Cuomo campaign were the five largest Internet service providers in the United States; they had more than 50% of the U.S. ISP market share. On June 8, 2009, AT&T announced that it would no longer provide access to the Usenet service as of July 15, 2009.
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complaining of missing news articles). Some ISPs outsource news operations to specialist sites, which will usually appear to a user as though the ISP itself runs the server. Many of these sites carry a restricted newsfeed, with a limited number of newsgroups. Commonly omitted from such a newsfeed are foreign-language newsgroups and the
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telephone service" in most larger towns, depends on the number of local dial-up FidoNet "nodes" operated free of charge by hobbyist "SysOps" (as FidoNet echomail variations or via gateways with the Usenet news hierarchy. This is virtual Usenet or newsgroups access, not true Usenet.) The participating
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was introduced in 2001. It achieves about a 30% reduction in data transferred by assuming that most 8-bit characters can safely be transferred across the network without first encoding into the 7-bit ASCII space. The most common method of uploading large binary posts to Usenet is to convert the files
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which propagates copies throughout a network of participating servers. Whenever a message reaches a server, that server forwards the message to all its network neighbors that haven't yet seen the article. Only one copy of a message is stored per server, and each server makes it available on demand to
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character in that they share resources by exchanging them, the granularity of exchange however is on a different scale than a modern peer-to-peer system and this characteristic excludes the actual users of the system who connect to the news servers with a typical client-server application, much like
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someone might start a thread called; "What's the best yeast?" and that thread or conversation might grow into dozens of replies long, by perhaps six or eight different authors. Over several days, that conversation about different wine yeasts might branch into several sub-threads in a tree-like form.
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Binary newsgroups are only able to function reliably if there is sufficient storage allocated to handle the amount of articles being added. Without sufficient retention time, a reader will be unable to download all parts of the binary before it is flushed out of the group's storage allocation. This
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In cases where unsuitable content has been posted, Usenet has support for automated removal of a posting from the whole network by creating a cancel message, although due to a lack of authentication and resultant abuse, this capability is frequently disabled. Copyright holders may still request the
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for their users to access. ISPs that do not operate their own servers directly will often offer their users an account from another provider that specifically operates newsfeeds. In early news implementations, the server and newsreader were a single program suite, running on the same system. Today,
47:
A diagram of Usenet servers and clients. The coloured dots on the servers represent the newsgroups they carry. Coloured arrows between servers indicate newsgroup content exchanges (news feeds). Arrows between clients and servers indicate that a user is subscribed to a certain newsgroup and reads or
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responded to a post asking "Has anyone archived netnews, or does anyone plan to?" by stating that he was, "afraid to admit it, but I started archiving most 'useful' newsgroups as of
September 18." In June 1982, Gregory G. Woodbury proposed an "automatic access to archives" system that consisted of
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Also unlike modern P2P services, the identity of the downloaders is hidden from view. On P2P services a downloader is identifiable to all others by their network address. On Usenet, the downloader connects directly to a server, and only the server knows the address of who is connecting to it. Some
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email, servers generally assume the header and origin information in a post is true and accurate. However, as in SMTP email, Usenet post headers are easily falsified so as to obscure the true identity and location of the message source. In this manner, Usenet is significantly different from modern
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Removal of copyrighted content from the entire Usenet network is a nearly impossible task, due to the rapid propagation between servers and the retention done by each server. Petitioning a Usenet provider for removal only removes it from that one server's retention cache, but not any others. It is
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A minority of newsgroups are moderated, meaning that messages submitted by readers are not distributed directly to Usenet, but instead are emailed to the moderators of the newsgroup for approval. The moderator is to receive submitted articles, review them, and inject approved articles so that they
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Over time, the amount of Usenet traffic has steadily increased. As of 2010 the number of all text posts made in all Big-8 newsgroups averaged 1,800 new messages every hour, with an average of 25,000 messages per day. However, these averages are minuscule in comparison to the traffic in the binary
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connections. By 1983, thousands of people participated from more than 500 hosts, mostly universities and Bell Labs sites but also a growing number of Unix-related companies; the number of hosts nearly doubled to 940 in 1984. More than 100 newsgroups existed, more than 20 devoted to Unix and other
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Each news server allocates a certain amount of storage space for content in each newsgroup. When this storage has been filled, each time a new post arrives, old posts are deleted to make room for the new content. If the network bandwidth available to a server is high but the storage allocation is
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Public archives of Usenet articles have existed since the early days of Usenet, such as the system created by
Kenneth Almquist in late 1982. Distributed archiving of Usenet posts was suggested in November 1982 by Scott Orshan, who proposed that "Every site should keep all the articles it posted,
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UUCP/Usenet
Logical Map ā June 1, 1981 / mods by S. McGeady November 19, 1981 (ucbvax) +=+===================================+==+ | | | | | | wivax | | | | | | | | | microsoft|
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groups to both reduce network traffic and to avoid related legal issues. Commercial Usenet service providers claim to operate as a telecommunications service, and assert that they are not responsible for the user-posted binary content transferred via their equipment. In the United States, Usenet
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networks operate on a similar principle, but for Usenet it is normally the sender, rather than the receiver, who initiates transfers. Usenet was designed under conditions when networks were much slower and not always available. Many sites on the original Usenet network would connect only once or
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messages by standard policy, because they can be easily falsified and submitted by anyone. For a takedown petition to be most effective across the whole network, it would have to be issued to the origin server to which the content has been posted, before it has been propagated to other servers.
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Unmoderated newsgroups form the majority of Usenet newsgroups, and messages submitted by readers for unmoderated newsgroups are immediately propagated for everyone to see. Minimal editorial content filtering vs propagation speed form one crux of the Usenet community. One little cited defense of
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Verb
Doubling: Doubling a verb may change its semantics, Soundalike Slang: Punning jargon, The -P convention: A LISPy way to form questions, Overgeneralization: Standard abuses of grammar, Spoken Inarticulations: Sighing and <*sigh*>ing, Anthropomorphization: online components were named
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networks. By the mid-1990s there were almost 40,000 FidoNet systems in operation, and it was possible to communicate with millions of users around the world, with only local telephone service. Widespread use of Usenet by the BBS community was facilitated by the introduction of UUCP feeds made
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With the rise of the World Wide Web (WWW), web front-ends (web2news) have become more common. Web front ends have lowered the technical entry barrier requirements to that of one application and no Usenet NNTP server account. There are numerous websites now offering web based gateways to Usenet
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In addition, Googleās
Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) server and associated peering will no longer be available, meaning Google will not support serving new Usenet content or exchanging content with other NNTP servers. This change will not impact any non-Usenet content on Google Groups,
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are created by proposals called a
Request for Discussion, or RFD. The RFD is required to have the following information: newsgroup name, checkgroups file entry, and moderated or unmoderated status. If the group is to be moderated, then at least one moderator with a valid email address must be
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Not all ISPs run news servers. A news server is one of the most difficult
Internet services to administer because of the large amount of data involved, small customer base (compared to mainstream Internet service), and a disproportionately high volume of customer support incidents (frequently
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As with BBSes and message boards, individual news servers or service providers are under no obligation to carry any specific content, and may refuse to do so for many reasons: a news server might attempt to control the spread of spam by refusing to accept or forward any posts that trigger
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Some ISPs did not include pressure from Cuomo's campaign against child pornography as one of their reasons for dropping Usenet feeds as part of their services. ISPs Cox and
Atlantic Communications resisted the 2008 trend but both did eventually drop their respective Usenet feeds in 2010.
171:, limiting itself to discussion-oriented groups. However, unlike BBSes and web forums, the dispersed nature of Usenet usually permits users who are interested in receiving some content to access it simply by choosing to connect to news servers that carry the feeds they want.
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Effective from 22 February 2024, Google Groups will no longer support new Usenet content. Posting and subscribing will be disallowed, and new content from Usenet peers will not appear. Viewing and searching of historical data will still be supported as it is done
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with the local one, while the local server will receive any news its peers have that it currently lacks. This results in the automatic proliferation of content posted by any user on any server to any other user subscribed to the same newsgroups on other servers.
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who sought to "build some sort of keyword index for ." In early May, Martelli posted a summary of his responses to Usenet, noting that the "most popular suggestion award must definitely go to 'lq-text' package, by Liam Quin, recently posted in alt.sources."
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small, it is possible for a huge flood of incoming content to overflow the allocation and push out everything that was in the group before it. The average length of time that posts are able to stay on the server before being deleted is commonly called the
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hierarchy tend to be more specialized or specificāfor example, there might be a newsgroup under the Big Eight which contains discussions about children's books, but a group in the alt hierarchy may be dedicated to one specific author of children's books.
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messages to one another via "news feeds". Individual users may read messages from and post to a local (or simply preferred) news server, which can be operated by anyone, and those posts will automatically be forwarded to any other news servers
2310:
announced that it would discontinue its integrated Usenet service in early 2005, citing the growing popularity of weblogs, chat forums and on-line conferencing. The AOL community had a tremendous role in popularizing Usenet some 11 years earlier.
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Usenet is a set of protocols for generating, storing and retrieving news "articles" (which resemble
Internet mail messages) and for exchanging them among a readership which is potentially widely distributed. These protocols most commonly use a
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Removal of the content at this early stage would prevent further propagation, but with modern high speed links, content can be propagated as fast as it arrives, allowing no time for content review and takedown issuance by copyright holders.
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lookup." This RFC described a program that could "generate and maintain an archive of Usenet articles and allow looking up articles based on the article-id, subject lines, or keywords pulled out of the article itself." Also included was
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messages. The difference between the two is that Usenet articles can be read by any user whose news server carries the group to which the message was posted, as opposed to email messages, which have one or more specific recipients.
1541:) of storage (see image). When using Usenet for data storage, providers that offer longer retention time are preferred to ensure the data will survive for longer periods of time compared to services with lower retention time.
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of the late 1990s and 2000s often included an integrated newsreader. Newsgroup enthusiasts often criticized these as inferior to standalone newsreaders that made correct use of Usenet protocols, standards and conventions.
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One way to virtually read and participate in Usenet newsgroups using an ordinary Internet browser is to do an internet search on a known newsgroup, such as the high volume forum: "sci.physics". Retrieved April 28,
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that could handle the rising traffic (about 50 articles a day as of late 1983). With a message format that offered compatibility with Internet mail and improved performance, it became the dominant server software.
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UUCP package. In the late 1980s, Usenet articles were often limited to 60,000 characters, and larger hard limits exist today. Files are therefore commonly split into sections that require reassembly by the reader.
144:
A major difference between a BBS or web message board and Usenet is the absence of a central server and dedicated administrator or hosting provider. Usenet is distributed among a large, constantly changing set of
1688:, the graduate student who set up the connection, began "feeding mailing lists from the ARPANET into Usenet" with the "fa" ("From ARPANET") identifier. Usenet gained 50 member sites in its first year, including
1903:
will live on". While there are still some active text newsgroups on Usenet, the system is now primarily used to share large files between users, and the underlying technology of Usenet remains unchanged.
1842:"Usenet is like a herd of performing elephants with diarrhea. Massive, difficult to redirect, awe-inspiring, entertaining, and a source of mind-boggling amounts of excrement when you least expect it."
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Groups filled with spam, massive fights took place against spammers and over what to do about the spam. People stopped using their email addresses in messages to avoid harvesting. People left the net.
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said that some worry that the ISPs used Cuomo's campaign as an excuse to end portions of Usenet access, as it is costly for the Internet service providers and not in high demand by customers. In 2008
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encodings, there was a new generation of binary transport. In practice, MIME has seen increased adoption in text messages, but it is avoided for most binary attachments. Some operating systems with
1409:
as content. Binary posts, due to their size and often-dubious copyright status, were in time restricted to specific newsgroups, making it easier for administrators to allow or disallow the traffic.
1884:, whose implementation had started Usenet more than 30 years earlier, decommissioned its Usenet server, citing low usage and rising costs. On February 4, 2011, the Usenet news service link at the
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groups. Much of this traffic increase reflects not an increase in discrete users or newsgroup discussions, but instead the combination of massive automated spamming and an increase in the use of
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terms now in common use on the Internet originated or were popularized on Usenet. Likewise, many conflicts which later spread to the rest of the Internet, such as the ongoing difficulties over
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closed its newsserver in June 2010, providing support for its products over forums now. Some users prefer to use the term "Usenet" to refer only to the Big Eight hierarchies; others include
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The major set of worldwide newsgroups is contained within nine hierarchies, eight of which are operated under consensual guidelines that govern their administration and naming. The current
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because it is available to anyone to download the backup files. After the files are uploaded, having multiple copies spread to different geographical regions around the world on different
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at the University of Toronto's Zoology department. The archives for late 1991 through early 1995 were provided by Kent Landfield from the NetNews CD series and JĆ¼rgen Christoffel from
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in 1993 as the beginning of Usenet's decline, when AOL began offering Usenet access. He argues that when users began putting large (non-text) files on Usenet by the late 1990s, Usenet
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A visual example of the many complex steps required to prepare data to be uploaded to Usenet newsgroups. These steps must be done again in reverse to download data from Usenet.
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In most newsgroups, the majority of the articles are responses to some other article. The set of articles that can be traced to one single non-reply article is called a
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The archiving of Usenet has led to fears of loss of privacy. An archive simplifies ways to profile people. This has partly been countered with the introduction of the
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When a user posts an article, it is initially only available on that user's news server. Each news server talks to one or more other servers (its "newsfeeds") and
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Usenet is culturally and historically significant in the networked world, having given rise to, or popularized, many widely recognized concepts and terms such as "
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as a more flexible alternative to informal Internet transfers of UUCP traffic. Since the Internet boom of the 1990s, almost all Usenet distribution is over NNTP.
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Google Groups hosts an archive of Usenet posts dating back to May 1981. The earliest posts, which date from May 1981 to June 1991, were donated to Google by the
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RFC 850 was the first formal specification of the messages exchanged by Usenet servers. It was superseded by RFC 1036 and subsequently by RFC 5536 and RFC 5537.
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Usenet was the first Internet community and the place for many of the most important public developments in the pre-commercial Internet. It was the place where
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group at the head of the hierarchy seen by some as a refining of information in that news group. Some subgroups are recursiveāto the point of some silliness in
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1700:, and the number of people using the network increased dramatically; however, it was still a while longer before Usenet users could contribute to ARPANET.
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was developed to take advantage of the continuous message flow made possible by NNTP versus the batched store-and-forward design of UUCP. Since that time
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announced that it would discontinue support for its public newsgroups (msnews.microsoft.com) from June 1, 2010, offering web forums as an alternative.
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1351:. Companies and projects administer their own hierarchies to discuss their products and offer community technical support, such as the historical
1083:, in part because article storage expires in relatively short order anyway. Almost all unmoderated Usenet groups tend to receive large amounts of
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Notably, clients never connect with each other, but still have access to each other's posts even when they also never connect to the same server.
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2333:, along with cost and liability concerns of increasing proportion of traffic devoted to file-sharing and spam on unused or discontinued groups.
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1597:, but the origin information for a Usenet posting can be completely obscured and unobtainable once it has propagated past the original server.
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There are also Usenet providers that offer a full unrestricted service to users whose ISPs do not carry news, or that carry a restricted feed.
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networks made long-distance or worldwide discussions and other communication widespread, not needing a server, just (local) telephone service.
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The desire to have a full text search index of archived news articles is not new either, one such request having been made in April 1991 by
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2286:. Time Warner Cable stopped offering access to Usenet. Verizon reduced its access to the "Big 8" hierarchies. Sprint stopped access to the
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Netizens: On the History and Impact of Usenet and the Internet, On the Early Days of Usenet: The Roots of the Cooperative Online Culture
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Establishing the identity of the person posting illegal content is equally difficult due to the trust-based design of the network. Like
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possible by MS-DOS implementations of UUCP, such as UFGATE (UUCP to FidoNet Gateway), FSUUCP and UUPC. In 1986, RFC 977 provided the
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newsgroups in which large files are often posted publicly. A small sampling of the change (measured in feed size per day) follows:
848:", employing UUCP as its transport protocol to offer mail and file transfers, as well as announcements through the newly developed
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The Alt Sex Stories Text Repository (ASSTR) site archives and indexes erotic and pornographic stories posted to the Usenet group
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Usenet providers do keep usage logs, but not all make this logged information casually available to outside parties such as the
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and the introduction of the image tag, which revolutionized the World Wide Web by turning it into a graphical medium. Activist
910:. Most modern newsreaders display the articles arranged into threads and subthreads. For example, in the wine-making newsgroup
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have enough capacity to archive years of binary content even when flooded with new data at the maximum daily speed available.
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4066:"Homunculi," daemons," etc., and there were also "confused" programs. Comparatives: Standard comparatives for design quality
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one uses separate newsreader client software, a program that resembles an email client but accesses Usenet servers instead.
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software, designed for one or two articles a day. Matt Glickman and Horton at Berkeley produced an improved version called
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is not subject to the procedures controlling groups in the Big Eight, and it is as a result less organized. Groups in the
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Many other hierarchies of newsgroups are distributed alongside these. Regional and language-specific hierarchies such as
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groups, although some people have begun filtering messages made by some of the web interfaces for one reason or another.
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as well. The more general term "netnews" incorporates the entire medium, including private organizational news systems.
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propagation is canceling a propagated message, but few Usenet users use this command and some news readers do not offer
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contributors as well as former employees for its stewardship of the archive and for breaking its search functionality.
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2884:", James Ellis and Tom Truscott, in First Official Announcement of USENET, NewsDemon (K&L Technologies, Inc), 1979
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and traffic increased correspondingly. Internet service providers questioned why they needed to host binary articles.
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hierarchy existed before Usenet reorganization. Now, moderated newsgroups may appear in any hierarchy, typically with
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hierarchy which largely carries software, music, videos and images, and accounts for over 99 percent of article data.
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P2P services; most P2P users distributing content are typically immediately identifiable to all other users by their
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are typically moderated cross-post groups for FAQs. An FAQ would be posted within one group and a cross post to the
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1572:, provided that they establish a mechanism to comply with and respond to takedown notices from copyright holders.
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files for them. Parity files are used to recreate missing data when not every part of the files reaches a server.
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1900:
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250:
98:, is a worldwide distributed discussion system available on computers. It was developed from the general-purpose
4641:
3508:...Until authenticated cancels catch on, there are no options to avoid forged cancels and allow unforged ones...
3399:
2318:
announced it would discontinue Usenet service, effective July 31, 2010, citing Google Groups as an alternative.
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character set. With the help of programs that encode 8-bit values into ASCII, it became practical to distribute
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and special MIME types are used. Other lesser known encoding systems that may have been used at one time were
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the (typically local) readers able to access that server. The collection of Usenet servers has thus a certain
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Binary newsgroups can be used to distribute files, and, as of 2022, some remain popular as an alternative to
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UUCP networks spread quickly due to the lower costs involved, and the ability to use existing leased lines,
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came up with the idea as a replacement for a local announcement program, and established a link with nearby
636:
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hierarchies. Cuomo never specifically named Usenet in his anti-child pornography campaign. David DeJean of
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1605:. The existence of anonymising gateways to USENET also complicates the tracing of a postings true origin.
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Major Usenet service providers have a retention time of more than 12 years. This results in more than 60
6923:
6657:
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5524:
5485:, Gordon, L., and Riedl, J. (March 1997). "GroupLens: applying collaborative filtering to Usenet news".
2359:
1767:
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687:
245:
209:
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130:
110:
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1770:, was comparable to B News in features but offered considerably faster processing. In the early 1990s,
1018:: applications that allow users to read and reply to postings in newsgroups. These applications act as
167:, or a server without high-capacity data storage may refuse to carry any newsgroups used primarily for
6856:
4000:
3571:...every part of a Usenet post may be forged apart from the left most portion of the "Path:" header...
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Usenet had administrators on a server-by-server basis, not as a whole. A few famous administrators:
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In August 2009, Verizon announced that it would discontinue access to Usenet on September 30, 2009.
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2351:"automatic answering of fixed-format messages to a special mail recipient on specified machines."
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5984:
5855:
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5368:
2516:
2417:; Google had begun archiving Usenet posts for itself starting in the second week of August 2000.
1097:
1030:, but newsreaders were soon available for all major operating systems. Email client programs and
1019:
179:
113:
conceived the idea in 1979, and it was established in 1980. Users read and post messages (called
1866:
said in 2008 that "Usenet has been dying for years". Segan said that some people pointed to the
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Today, Usenet still exists, but it is an unsociable morass of spam, porn, and pirated software
3241:
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communications systems still in widespread use. It was originally built on the "poor man's
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were posted to the Internet. The first system, called keepnews, by Mark M. Swenson of the
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with a very large, searchable database. In February 2001, this database was acquired by
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While binary newsgroups can be used to distribute completely legal user-created works,
1298:
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1080:
1071:
947:
867:, which are themselves logically organized into hierarchies of subjects. For instance,
833:
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134:
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2713:
863:
The articles that users post to Usenet are organized into topical categories known as
7710:
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7671:
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7603:
7545:
7498:
7449:
7376:
7174:
7050:
7005:
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6572:
6493:
6438:
6433:
6360:
6322:
6307:
6090:
5885:
5683:
5128:
3966:
3924:
3829:
3783:
3345:
3016:
2616:
2610:
2425:
2404:
2375:
2272:
1847:
1819:
1763:
1759:
1629:
1550:
1121:, but this would require giving notice to each individual news server administrator.
1040:
606:
588:
376:
371:
361:
5516:
1483:
141:, as with web forums and BBSes, though posts are stored on the server sequentially.
7525:
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7444:
7391:
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7055:
7000:
6990:
6717:
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6003:
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5539:
5442:
5332:
5121:
5107:
5095:
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2588:
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development has continued, and other news server software has also been developed.
1779:
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1689:
1659:
1643:
1580:
message to be distributed to remove it from all servers, but many providers ignore
1289:
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885:
626:
583:
336:
217:
168:
106:
6147:
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4753:
3365:
1553:, and public domain material, some binary groups are used to illegally distribute
875:
5316:
4226:
3519:
Microsoft knowledgebase article stating that many servers ignore cancel messages
2963:
2732:
1223:ā discussions and announcements about news (meaning Usenet, not current events) (
935:
network was typically used for transfers, and phone charges were lower at night.
7656:
7381:
7060:
7040:
7010:
6975:
6795:
6697:
6577:
6498:
6473:
6189:
6122:
6024:
5952:
3574:
3539:
2786:
2752:
1862:
1815:
1527:
1504:
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In an attempt to reduce file transfer times, an informal file encoding known as
1406:
1348:
1044:
989:
963:
900:
530:
520:
293:
146:
3889:
3182:
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twice a day to batch-transfer messages in and out. This is largely because the
7508:
7464:
7411:
7386:
7371:
7286:
7169:
7133:
7092:
6647:
6629:
6483:
6262:
5233:"Google, a Search Company, Has Made Its Internet Archive Impossible to Search"
4213:
3659:
2501:
2472:
2363:
1892:
1871:
1523:
1472:
1188:
1184:
1144:
938:
The format and transmission of Usenet articles is similar to that of Internet
869:
525:
447:
409:
5741:
A comprehensive history of the Internet, including Usenet. livinginternet.com
5713:
5338:
Netizens: On the History and Impact of Usenet and the Internet (Perspectives)
3633:
2809:
7640:
7623:
7459:
7434:
7396:
7245:
7207:
7202:
7148:
7118:
7035:
6662:
6537:
6468:
6274:
6257:
5865:
5840:
5813:
5659:
4141:
4080:"Chatting With Martha Siegel of the Internet's Infamous Canter & Siegel"
2934:
The TCP/IP guide: a comprehensive, illustrated Internet protocols reference.
2511:
2496:
2410:
2319:
1775:
1697:
1360:
515:
467:
429:
303:
288:
4693:
4289:
4263:
3689:
3521:
3395:
2424:
with the help of David Wiseman and others, and were originally archived by
5719:
5508:
3473:
2325:
Primary reasons cited for the discontinuance of Usenet service by general
1510:
In part because of such long retention times, as well as growing Internet
1398:
Usenet was originally created to distribute text content encoded in the 7-
1022:
to one or more news servers. Historically, Usenet was associated with the
966:
since most newsgroups are now copied to several web sites. The groups in
7618:
7535:
7469:
7401:
7222:
7189:
7179:
7128:
7113:
7025:
6955:
6712:
6692:
6545:
6508:
6488:
6448:
6334:
5970:
5965:
5960:
5880:
5870:
5384:
The USENET Book: Finding, Using, and Surviving Newsgroups on the Internet
4377:
4311:
3064:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2296:
2051:
1945:
1674:, written by Steve Daniel and Truscott. In 1980, Usenet was connected to
1671:
1538:
1534:
1465:
1445:
1433:
1413:
1317:
1180:
1084:
837:
535:
500:
482:
472:
462:
331:
298:
191:
2329:
include the decline in volume of actual readers due to competition from
988:
Many Internet service providers, and many other Internet sites, operate
7608:
7406:
7138:
7065:
7020:
6980:
6707:
6702:
6682:
6619:
6478:
6458:
6242:
6039:
5201:
1721:
1713:
1675:
845:
836:
went online (and thus before the general public received access to the
631:
545:
424:
346:
308:
195:
155:
102:
17:
5698:
824:
Usenet was conceived in 1979 and publicly established in 1980, at the
7613:
7250:
7240:
6677:
6672:
6667:
6513:
6443:
6423:
6312:
6117:
5702:
5401:
Kate Gregory; Jim Mann; Tim Parker & Noel Estabrook (June 1995).
5162:
5044:"R.I.P Usenet: 1980ā2008 ā Usenet's Decline ā Columns by PC Magazine"
4694:"Cox Communications and Atlantic Broadband Discontinue Usenet Access"
3322:...many of the newsgroups have since been overrun with junk messages.
2810:"Duke to shut Usenet server, home to the first electronic newsgroups"
2414:
1831:
1755:
1750:
1746:
1667:
1515:
1511:
1437:
1436:
attached to files use specialized encoding formats. For Mac OS, both
1425:
939:
857:
853:
793:. The first commercial spam on Usenet was from immigration attorneys
505:
265:
3784:"History of the Internet, Chapter Three: History of Electronic Mail"
5707:
2450:
As of January 2024, Google Groups carries a header notice, saying:
926:
and should eventually reach every server in the network. The later
812:
119 for standard, unprotected connections, and on TCP port 563 for
7015:
6873:
6800:
6637:
6557:
6415:
6232:
5336:
4991:"Summary: search for fulltext indexing software for archived news"
3809:
2315:
2007:
1971:
1803:
1720:
In addition to UUCP, early Usenet traffic was also exchanged with
1402:
1344:
1340:
1143:
1132:
119 for standard, unprotected connections and on TCP port 563 for
979:
555:
510:
366:
326:
42:
31:
6376:
5750:
5590:. Linux Magazine. Archived from the original on February 16, 2007
2684:
From Usenet to CoWebs: interacting with social information spaces
785:
comes from the term "users' network". The first Usenet group was
7540:
7429:
7332:
7312:
7045:
6928:
6722:
6592:
6567:
6562:
6365:
6355:
4447:
4337:"Usenet Newsgroup Feed Size - NewsDemon Usenet Newsgroup Access"
2330:
1709:
1589:
1566:
1456:
1441:
1429:
1417:
1023:
951:
922:
articles with them. In this fashion, the article is copied from
550:
386:
341:
270:
99:
6877:
6380:
6151:
5760:
5265:
I'm Feeling Lucky: The Confessions of Google Employee Number 59
1113:
manual deletion of infringing material using the provisions of
32:
7232:
6604:
6587:
6582:
6550:
5294:"Google Groups ending support for Usenet - Google Groups Help"
2733:
Chapter 3 - The Social Forces Behind The Development of Usenet
2307:
2301:
1877:
1733:(NNTP) specification for distribution of Usenet articles over
1399:
477:
175:
4496:. DSLReports. August 31, 2009. Retrieved on October 24, 2009.
3877:
ISP survival guide: strategies for running a competitive ISP.
3086:
1412:
The oldest widely used encoding method for binary content is
70:
4411:"ATT Announces Discontinuation of USENET Newsgroup Services"
3396:"Usenet storage is more than 60 petabytes (60000 terabytes)"
3042:
1919:
1047:
can access Google Groups via news: protocol links directly.
2409:
Web-based archiving of Usenet posts began in March 1995 at
1560:
ISP-operated Usenet servers frequently block access to all
1487:
October 2020 screenshot showing 60 PB of usenet group data.
946:
Today, Usenet has diminished in importance with respect to
903:
software keeps track of which articles that user has read.
856:. The name "Usenet" emphasizes its creators' hope that the
79:
5547:. Experiences with GroupLens: Making Usenet useful again.
5541:
Proceedings of the 1997 Usenix Winter Technical Conference
4965:"Looking for fulltext indexing software for archived news"
3447:
5756:
4516:" Verizon Central Support. Retrieved on October 24, 2009.
3131:"Who can force the moderators to obey the group charter?"
1514:
speeds, Usenet is also used by individual users to store
860:
organization would take an active role in its operation.
67:
5317:"USENET History mailing list archive covering 1990-1997"
4939:"RFC usenet article archive program with keyword lookup"
3364:
Gregersen, Erik; Hosch, William L. (February 17, 2022).
3277:"Unraveling the Internet's oldest and weirdest mystery"
5070:
Netiquette: Internet Etiquette in the Age of the Blog.
2742:, Netizens Netbook by Ronda Hauben and Michael Hauben.
1119:
Online Copyright Infringement Liability Limitation Act
899:
hierarchy. When a user subscribes to a newsgroup, the
27:
Worldwide computer-based distributed discussion system
5716:: Early Usenet news articles: 1981 to 1982., quux.org
4352:"3 top ISPs to block access to sources of child porn"
1518:
data. While commercial providers offer easier to use
190:". In the early 1990s, shortly before access to the
76:
73:
5020:
4538:"Microsoft Responds to the Evolution of Communities"
2686:, Christopher Lueg, Danyel Fisher, Springer (2003),
2371:
code for the internal data structure of the system.
1684:, which had connections to both Usenet and ARPANET.
82:
7649:
7554:
7489:
7482:
7350:
7305:
7259:
7231:
7188:
7157:
7106:
7085:
7078:
6942:
6809:
6731:
6628:
6536:
6414:
6348:
6283:
6223:
6099:
6083:
6063:
6012:
5979:
5951:
5909:
5823:
5794:
5699:
Usenet information, software, and service providers
5538:Miller, B.; Riedl, J.; Konstan, J. (January 1997).
4204:"Reports of Usenet's Death Are Greatly Exaggerated"
2915:"Store And Forward Communication: UUCP and FidoNet"
2650:Hosch, William L.; Gregersen, Erik (May 17, 2021).
2464:
including all user and organization-created groups.
194:became commonly affordable, Usenet connections via
133:(BBS) in many respects and is the precursor to the
64:
5722:: 2,000,000 articles from early 1980s to July 1991
5202:"Google's Abandoned Library of 700 Million Titles"
3830:Network Traffic Inference Using Sampled Statistics
3334:Microsoft Responds to the Evolution of Communities
1117:treaty implementations, such as the United States
5624:. Archived from the original on February 16, 2007
4508:"Verizon Newsgroup Service Has Been Discontinued"
4043:"The Evolution of the Online Discourse Community"
1880:discontinued Usenet access in 2005. In May 2010,
5753:A list of free providers of Usenet server access
4746:"How to obtain back news items (second posting)"
4488:"Verizon To Discontinue Newsgroups September 30"
1818:used the platform to maintain an email list for
1557:, copyrighted media, and pornographic material.
1324:, making it the largest of all the hierarchies.
3346:"Microsoft hitting 'unsubscribe' on newsgroups"
2843:
2841:
2839:
2837:
2835:
2461:
2452:
1899:is better than a mouse, the original text-only
1840:
1565:providers can qualify for protection under the
1370:Informal sub-hierarchy conventions also exist.
1124:On the Internet, Usenet is transported via the
800:On the Internet, Usenet is transported via the
5441:Henry Spencer; David Lawrence (January 1998).
1642:Newsgroup experiments first occurred in 1979.
137:that have become widely used. Discussions are
6889:
6392:
6163:
5772:
4616:"The Comcast Newsgroups Service Discontinued"
4450:. January 25, 2005. Retrieved on May 1, 2009.
4254:
4252:
3237:The Social Machine: Designs for Living Online
2923:. Carnegie Mellon School of Computer Science.
1895:said "As long as there are folks who think a
1339:serve specific countries and regions such as
762:
8:
5529:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
5373:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
4366:. June 8, 2008. Retrieved on April 30, 2009.
2875:"Invitation to a General Access UNIX Network
2803:
2801:
2354:In 1985, two news archiving systems and one
2290:hierarchies. AT&T stopped access to the
1632:, David Wiseman. Copied with permission from
125:) to one or more topic categories, known as
4668:"Cox Discontinues Usenet, Starting In June"
4642:"Cox to Drop Free Usenet Service June 30th"
4216:. August 1, 2008. Retrieved on May 8, 2011.
3959:"What would you like to see most in minix?"
3819:". First Monday vol. 3 num.August 8, 3 1998
1888:(news.unc.edu) was retired after 32 years.
1886:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
1279:ā talk about various controversial topics (
826:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
7486:
7354:
7082:
6948:
6896:
6882:
6874:
6399:
6385:
6377:
6170:
6156:
6148:
6096:
6009:
5779:
5765:
5757:
5747:A comprehensive list of Usenet terminology
4887:"keepnews ā A Usenet news archival system"
3738:The User's directory of computer networks.
2893:Lehnert, Wendy G.; Kopec, Richard (2007).
2850:"Usenet / A Bulletin Board for Unix Users"
2492:Association for Progressive Communications
769:
755:
204:
5498:
5382:Bryan Pfaffenberger (December 31, 1994).
3211:. Big-8.org. July 7, 2010. Archived from
2346:forever." Also in November of that year,
1670:was in the form of conventional compiled
1603:Recording Industry Association of America
1043:is one such web based front end and some
972:are still widely used for data transfer.
736:Comparison of Internet Relay Chat clients
7742:Internet Protocol based network software
5692:) is being considered for deletion. See
5103:from the original on September 21, 2012.
4514:from the original on September 21, 2012.
3688:. Aioe.org. June 9, 2005. Archived from
3480:from the original on September 10, 2012.
3185:. Livinginternet.com. October 25, 1990.
2759:from the original on September 15, 2012.
2709:
2707:
1926:
1482:
1389:
1115:World Intellectual Property Organization
5710:(USEnet article FORmat), tools.ietf.org
5424:The USENET Handbook (Nutshell Handbook)
5163:"Usenet on a CD-ROM, no longer a fable"
5151:", archive.salon.com (January 7, 2002).
4971:from the original on September 21, 2012
4700:from the original on September 12, 2012
4674:from the original on September 21, 2012
4648:from the original on September 21, 2012
4417:from the original on September 21, 2012
4375:DeJean, David. "Usenet: Not Dead Yet."
4286:"Top 100 binary newsgroups by postings"
4183:from the original on September 21, 2012
3857:from the original on September 21, 2012
3189:from the original on September 21, 2012
3023:from the original on September 21, 2012
2639:
2399:Archives by Google Groups and Deja News
2395:header, which is itself controversial.
1636:The Usenet Oldnews Archive: Compilation
1014:Newsgroups are typically accessed with
216:
7732:Computer-related introductions in 1980
5635:
5601:
5522:
5366:
5268:. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. pp.
5243:from the original on September 5, 2015
5091:"Google saves Deja.com Usenet service"
5050:from the original on September 9, 2012
4618:. dslreports.com. September 16, 2008.
4121:from the original on September 9, 2012
3896:from the original on September 5, 2012
3428:from the original on February 25, 2020
2679:
2677:
919:
36:A 2004 discussion in the Usenet group
7717:1980 establishments in North Carolina
4760:from the original on January 29, 2011
4622:from the original on December 6, 2014
4461:"AOL Pulls Plug on Newsgroup Service"
4260:"Top 100 text newsgroups by postings"
4237:from the original on February 8, 2021
3980:from the original on October 27, 2006
3454:from the original on October 20, 2020
3254:from the original on January 17, 2023
3209:"How to Create a New Big-8 Newsgroup"
3157:"How does a group change moderators?"
1745:Early versions of Usenet used Duke's
1619:UUCP/Usenet Logical Map, original by
7:
5654:; Wyrick, Brian (January 29, 2007).
5481:Konstan, J., Miller, B., Maltz, D.,
5231:Braga, Matthew (February 13, 2015).
5122:"Magi's NetNews Archive Involvement"
4570:from the original on August 29, 2008
3808:Hauben, Michael and Hauben, Ronda. "
3790:from the original on August 12, 2014
3183:"Early Usenet Newsgroup Hierarchies"
2645:
2643:
1530:decreases the chances of data loss.
1148:The "Big Nine" hierarchies of Usenet
1051:Moderated and unmoderated newsgroups
5182:"Google Groups Archive Information"
4696:. thundernews.com. April 27, 2010.
4592:. dslreports.com. August 31, 2009.
4590:"Verizon To Discontinue Newsgroups"
4494:from the original on July 31, 2012.
4444:from the original on July 23, 2012.
4358:from the original on July 22, 2012.
4078:Campbell, K. K. (October 1, 1994).
4041:Kaltenbach, Susan (December 2000).
3581:from the original on July 23, 2012.
3528:from the original on July 19, 2012.
3376:from the original on April 28, 2023
3352:from the original on July 12, 2012.
3119:from the original on July 12, 2012.
3049:from the original on July 13, 2012.
2970:from the original on August 8, 2020
2921:from the original on June 30, 2012.
2848:Emerson, Sandra L. (October 1983).
2769:Pre-Internet; Usenet needing "just
2662:from the original on March 25, 2023
1424:With the header extensions and the
7767:PreāWorld Wide Web online services
5554:from the original on March 6, 2006
5355:from the original on June 10, 2015
5212:from the original on March 9, 2017
5200:Poulsen, Kevin (October 7, 2009).
5188:from the original on July 9, 2012.
5169:from the original on July 7, 2012.
5088:Cullen, Drew (February 12, 2001).
4945:from the original on July 15, 2012
4893:from the original on July 17, 2012
4867:from the original on July 12, 2012
4841:from the original on July 15, 2012
4815:from the original on July 24, 2012
4783:"Distributed archiving of netnews"
4726:from the original on July 10, 2012
4596:from the original on March 6, 2012
4544:from the original on June 22, 2003
4467:from the original on July 22, 2012
4463:. Betanews.com. January 25, 2005.
4152:from the original on July 11, 2012
4055:from the original on July 14, 2011
4022:from the original on June 16, 2006
4001:"NCSA Mosaic for X 0.10 available"
3999:Marc Andreessen (March 15, 1993).
3915:Tim Berners-Lee (August 6, 1991).
3849:Horton, Mark (December 11, 1990).
3764:from the original on July 15, 2010
3718:from the original on July 14, 2012
3640:from the original on July 31, 2012
3614:from the original on July 24, 2012
3063:. October 13, 2008. Archived from
2996:from the original on July 30, 2012
2548:Usenet/newsgroup service providers
2282:to shut down access to sources of
25:
5999:rec.arts.sf.tv.babylon5.moderated
5696:to help reach a consensus. āŗ
5341:. Wiley-IEEE Computer Society P.
5323:from the original on May 7, 2019.
4997:from the original on July 8, 2012
4919:from the original on July 9, 2012
4789:from the original on July 8, 2012
4386:. October 7, 2008. Archived from
3938:from the original on June 2, 2013
3666:from the original on June 4, 2020
3552:from the original on May 21, 2013
3474:"Digital Millenium Copyright Act"
3402:from the original on May 21, 2020
3312:from the original on May 18, 2015
3283:from the original on May 18, 2015
3093:from the original on May 25, 2012
2820:from the original on June 3, 2020
976:ISPs, news servers, and newsfeeds
797:advertising green card services.
6855:
6843:
6832:
6831:
6527:
5735:Social Accounting Reporting Tool
4670:. Geeknet, Inc. April 21, 2010.
4644:. Zeropaid.com. April 22, 2010.
4173:"Usenet's home shuts down today"
4171:Andrew Orlowski (May 20, 2010).
2536:Comparison of Usenet newsreaders
2475:
1237:ā recreation and entertainment (
1165:ā computer-related discussions (
741:Comparison of Usenet newsreaders
721:Comparison of BitTorrent clients
649:Development and societal aspects
224:
60:
7722:Computer-mediated communication
6179:Computer-mediated communication
5464:Rittner's Field Guide to Usenet
5171:, "TidBITS" (February 10, 1992)
5042:Segan, Sascha (July 31, 2008).
4720:"How to obtain back news items"
4566:. cnet.com/. January 25, 2005.
4109:Segan, Sascha (July 31, 2008).
3593:"Better living through forgery"
3234:Donath, Judith (May 23, 2014).
3015:Jain, Dominik (July 30, 2006).
2990:"Open Directory Usenet Clients"
2753:"USENET Newsgroup Terms ā SPAM"
1251:ā science related discussions (
840:), making it one of the oldest
4861:"Automatic access to archives"
4564:"AOL shutting down newsgroups"
4438:"AOL shutting down newsgroups"
4400:. Retrieved on April 30, 2009.
4084:Electronic Frontier Foundation
3540:"Microsoft Word - Surmacz.doc"
3113:"News: links to Google Groups"
2808:Bonnett, Cara (May 17, 2010).
2435:Google has been criticized by
1810:announced the creation of the
1731:Network News Transfer Protocol
1126:Network News Transfer Protocol
1026:operating system developed at
802:Network News Transfer Protocol
731:Comparison of eDonkey software
726:Comparison of BitTorrent sites
1:
5068:Strawbridge, Matthew (2006).
4142:"A Piece of Internet History"
4140:Cara Bonnett (May 17, 2010).
3839:". University College London.
3660:"Privacy Policy UsenetServer"
2992:. Dmoz.org. October 9, 2008.
2932:Kozierok, Charles M. (2005).
2422:University of Western Ontario
1475:to share and download files.
816:(SSL) encrypted connections.
806:Transmission Control Protocol
6215:Virtual learning environment
5315:Bruce Jones (July 1, 1997).
5143:"The Geeks Who Saved Usenet"
2584:Scientology and the Internet
2277:Attorney General of New York
1794:announced the launch of the
1656:University of North Carolina
7267:Inter-process communication
6328:Voice chat in online gaming
5422:Mark Harrison (July 1995).
5072:Software Reference. p. 53.
4770:message-id:bnews.spanky.138
4413:. NewsDemon. June 9, 2009.
4381:. Tuesday October 7, 2008.
4288:. NewsAdmin. Archived from
4262:. NewsAdmin. Archived from
3448:"Eweka 4446 Days Retention"
3339:September 18, 2012, at the
3159:. Big-8.org. Archived from
3133:. Big-8.org. Archived from
2880:September 24, 2012, at the
2787:fidonet.org, Randy_Bush.txt
1891:In response, John Biggs of
1826:Internet jargon and history
832:, over a decade before the
7788:
6934:Web syndication technology
5994:news.admin.net-abuse.email
5622:"Web 2.0, Meet Usenet 1.0"
5588:"Web 2.0, Meet Usenet 1.0"
3835:November 17, 2015, at the
3306:"The American Way of Spam"
2936:No Starch Press. p. 1401.
2541:List of Usenet newsreaders
2459:An explanatory page adds:
2402:
121:, and collectively termed
7420:
7357:
6951:
6911:
6827:
6525:
6225:Asynchronous conferencing
6185:
5708:IETF working group USEFOR
5642:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
5608:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
5568:"20 Year Usenet Timeline"
5487:Communications of the ACM
5462:Don Rittner (June 1997).
5262:Edwards, Douglas (2011).
5140:Mieszkowski, Katharine. "
4111:"R.I.P Usenet: 1980-2008"
3890:"Unix/Linux news servers"
3634:"Giganews Privacy Policy"
3422:"usenet backup (uBackup)"
3343:, Announcement, undated.
3061:"Improve-Usenet Comments"
3017:"OE-QuoteFix Description"
2792:December 3, 2003, at the
2781:February 7, 2022, at the
2275:signed an agreement with
1070:Usenet newsgroups in the
1067:added to the group name.
6741:Advertising and products
6285:Synchronous conferencing
5694:templates for discussion
4835:"Re: Archive of netnews"
2897:Addison Wesley. p. 291.
2719:January 5, 2016, at the
1666:. The public release of
1357:Free Software Foundation
1205:ā miscellaneous topics (
100:Unix-to-Unix Copy (UUCP)
7737:History of the Internet
6238:Electronic mailing list
6071:Cryptography newsgroups
5404:Using Usenet Newsgroups
3917:"WorldWideWeb: Summary"
3740:Digital Press. p. 386.
3522:"Support.microsoft.com"
3370:Encyclopedia Britannica
2776:Fidonet, bbscorner.com
2738:August 4, 2016, at the
2656:EncyclopƦdia Britannica
1576:possible for a special
1570:Safe Harbor regulations
1136:encrypted connections.
789:, which quickly became
48:submits articles there.
6210:Social network service
6205:Collaborative software
6200:Communication software
3875:Huston, Geoff (1999).
3815:June 10, 2015, at the
3736:LaQuey, Tracy (1990).
2723:, Jargon File Archive.
2714:The jargon file v4.4.7
2507:Open-News-Network e.V.
2466:
2457:
2265:Verizon Communications
1924:
1908:Usenet traffic changes
1853:
1694:University of Oklahoma
1520:online backup services
1488:
1395:
1265:ā social discussions (
1197:humanities.design.misc
1149:
985:
912:rec.crafts.winemaking,
601:Anonymous file sharing
105:network architecture.
52:
40:
6270:Bulletin board system
5509:10.1145/245108.245126
5165:. February 10, 1992.
5127:February 9, 2005, at
4756:. December 21, 1982.
4390:on September 21, 2012
3828:Haddadi, H. (2006). "
3492:"Cancel Messages FAQ"
2964:"Best Usenet clients"
2596:Usenet administrators
2360:University of Arizona
1923:
1768:University of Toronto
1625:CopyrightĀ© 1981, 1996
1486:
1479:Binary retention time
1428:and Quoted-Printable
1393:
1147:
1081:cancellation commands
983:
442:File sharing networks
283:Video on demand sites
246:Online video platform
241:File hosting services
131:bulletin board system
129:. Usenet resembles a
46:
35:
7667:Glossary of blogging
7631:Social communication
6746:Animation and comics
6035:religion.scientology
5891:Usenet Death Penalty
5331:, Ronda Hauben, and
4809:"Archive of netnews"
4090:on November 25, 2007
3662:. Usenetserver.com.
3498:on February 15, 2008
3354:, CNET, May 4, 2010.
3045:. October 13, 2008.
1928:Source: altopia.com
1555:proprietary software
1464:archives and create
1452:, and USR encoding.
814:Secure Sockets Layer
677:By country or region
6615:Padonkaffsky jargon
6303:Internet Relay Chat
5876:Sock puppet account
5751:Usenet free servers
5662:on October 25, 2011
5656:"InfoEnclosure 2.0"
5190:(December 21, 2001)
4349:Rosencrance, Lisa.
4292:on October 16, 2006
4266:on October 16, 2006
3892:. Newsreaders.com.
2531:Newsreader (Usenet)
1929:
1806:project, and where
1662:scripts written by
1355:hierarchy from the
1271:soc.culture.african
1193:humanities.classics
984:Usenet Provider Map
7752:Internet Standards
7747:Internet protocols
7692:Uses of podcasting
7430:Collaborative blog
7425:Anonymous blogging
7318:RSS Advisory Board
6986:Electronic journal
5574:on January 5, 2007
5466:. MNS Publishing.
5386:. Addison Wesley.
5335:(April 27, 1997).
5023:on August 18, 2014
4913:"YA News Archiver"
3758:"And So It Begins"
3398:. binsearch.info.
3279:. March 22, 2015.
2856:. pp. 219ā236
2524:Usenet newsreaders
2517:Usenet personality
1927:
1925:
1838:, began on Usenet.
1724:and other dial-up
1489:
1396:
1150:
1098:flooding algorithm
986:
568:Streaming programs
404:Academic/scholarly
53:
41:
7727:Computer networks
7704:
7703:
7700:
7699:
7491:Alternative media
7478:
7477:
7440:Instant messaging
7346:
7345:
7074:
7073:
6871:
6870:
6819:Eternal September
6374:
6373:
6318:Videoconferencing
6298:Instant messaging
6293:Data conferencing
6195:Online discussion
6145:
6144:
6141:
6140:
6079:
6078:
5896:Warnock's dilemma
5808:Eternal September
5733:on June 21, 2007.
5620:(June 15, 2006).
5473:978-0-937666-50-0
5454:978-1-56592-198-6
5433:978-1-56592-101-6
5414:978-0-7897-0134-3
5393:978-0-201-40978-9
5348:978-0-8186-7706-9
5279:978-0-547-41699-1
5149:on July 10, 2012.
4540:. microsoft.com.
4210:on July 16, 2012.
3957:Torvalds, Linus.
3603:. June 10, 1995.
3137:on August 4, 2012
3067:on April 26, 2008
2966:. UsenetReviewz.
2700:978-1-85233-532-8
2392:X-No-Archive: Yes
2284:child pornography
2269:Time Warner Cable
2261:
2260:
1868:Eternal September
1578:post cancellation
1106:an email reader.
1091:Technical details
795:Canter and Siegel
779:
778:
665:BitTorrent issues
151:store and forward
94:, or, "in full",
16:(Redirected from
7779:
7757:Internet culture
7487:
7367:Enhanced podcast
7355:
7083:
6949:
6898:
6891:
6884:
6875:
6859:
6847:
6835:
6834:
6531:
6429:Creepy treehouse
6401:
6394:
6387:
6378:
6340:Web conferencing
6275:Online guestbook
6172:
6165:
6158:
6149:
6097:
6010:
5901:Web-based Usenet
5781:
5774:
5767:
5758:
5734:
5729:. Archived from
5671:
5669:
5667:
5658:. Archived from
5647:
5641:
5633:
5631:
5629:
5618:Schwartz, Randal
5613:
5607:
5599:
5597:
5595:
5583:
5581:
5579:
5570:. Archived from
5563:
5561:
5559:
5553:
5546:
5534:
5528:
5520:
5502:
5477:
5458:
5437:
5418:
5397:
5378:
5372:
5364:
5362:
5360:
5324:
5302:
5301:
5290:
5284:
5283:
5259:
5253:
5252:
5250:
5248:
5228:
5222:
5221:
5219:
5217:
5197:
5191:
5189:
5178:
5172:
5170:
5158:
5152:
5150:
5145:. Archived from
5138:
5132:
5120:Wiseman, David.
5118:
5112:
5104:
5086:
5080:
5066:
5060:
5059:
5057:
5055:
5039:
5033:
5032:
5030:
5028:
5019:. Archived from
5013:
5007:
5006:
5004:
5002:
4987:
4981:
4980:
4978:
4976:
4961:
4955:
4954:
4952:
4950:
4935:
4929:
4928:
4926:
4924:
4909:
4903:
4902:
4900:
4898:
4883:
4877:
4876:
4874:
4872:
4857:
4851:
4850:
4848:
4846:
4831:
4825:
4824:
4822:
4820:
4805:
4799:
4798:
4796:
4794:
4779:
4773:
4772:
4767:
4765:
4742:
4736:
4735:
4733:
4731:
4716:
4710:
4709:
4707:
4705:
4690:
4684:
4683:
4681:
4679:
4664:
4658:
4657:
4655:
4653:
4638:
4632:
4631:
4629:
4627:
4612:
4606:
4605:
4603:
4601:
4586:
4580:
4579:
4577:
4575:
4560:
4554:
4553:
4551:
4549:
4534:
4528:
4523:
4517:
4515:
4503:
4497:
4495:
4483:
4477:
4476:
4474:
4472:
4457:
4451:
4445:
4433:
4427:
4426:
4424:
4422:
4407:
4401:
4399:
4397:
4395:
4373:
4367:
4359:
4347:
4341:
4340:
4333:
4327:
4326:
4324:
4322:
4308:
4302:
4301:
4299:
4297:
4282:
4276:
4275:
4273:
4271:
4256:
4247:
4246:
4244:
4242:
4227:"What Is Usenet"
4223:
4217:
4211:
4206:. Archived from
4199:
4193:
4192:
4190:
4188:
4168:
4162:
4161:
4159:
4157:
4137:
4131:
4130:
4128:
4126:
4106:
4100:
4099:
4097:
4095:
4086:. Archived from
4075:
4069:
4068:
4062:
4060:
4054:
4047:
4038:
4032:
4031:
4029:
4027:
3996:
3990:
3989:
3987:
3985:
3954:
3948:
3947:
3945:
3943:
3912:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3901:
3886:
3880:
3873:
3867:
3866:
3864:
3862:
3846:
3840:
3826:
3820:
3806:
3800:
3799:
3797:
3795:
3780:
3774:
3773:
3771:
3769:
3754:
3748:
3734:
3728:
3727:
3725:
3723:
3708:
3702:
3701:
3699:
3697:
3686:"Logging Policy"
3682:
3676:
3675:
3673:
3671:
3656:
3650:
3649:
3647:
3645:
3636:. Giganews.com.
3630:
3624:
3623:
3621:
3619:
3589:
3583:
3582:
3575:"By-users.co.uk"
3568:
3562:
3561:
3559:
3557:
3551:
3544:
3536:
3530:
3529:
3517:
3511:
3510:
3505:
3503:
3494:. Archived from
3488:
3482:
3481:
3470:
3464:
3463:
3461:
3459:
3444:
3438:
3437:
3435:
3433:
3418:
3412:
3411:
3409:
3407:
3392:
3386:
3385:
3383:
3381:
3361:
3355:
3353:
3331:
3325:
3324:
3319:
3317:
3302:
3296:
3295:
3290:
3288:
3273:
3267:
3266:
3261:
3259:
3231:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3220:
3215:on July 22, 2012
3205:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3194:
3179:
3173:
3172:
3170:
3168:
3163:on July 19, 2012
3153:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3142:
3127:
3121:
3120:
3109:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3098:
3083:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3072:
3057:
3051:
3050:
3043:"Improve-Usenet"
3039:
3033:
3032:
3030:
3028:
3012:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3001:
2986:
2980:
2979:
2977:
2975:
2960:
2954:
2950:
2944:
2942:978-159327-047-6
2930:
2924:
2922:
2911:
2905:
2891:
2885:
2872:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2861:
2845:
2830:
2829:
2827:
2825:
2805:
2796:
2767:
2761:
2760:
2749:
2743:
2730:
2724:
2711:
2702:
2681:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2667:
2647:
2485:
2480:
2479:
1930:
1860:Sascha Segan of
1851:
1682:
1066:
1059:Historically, a
924:server to server
842:computer network
771:
764:
757:
617:Friend-to-friend
415:Internet Archive
321:BitTorrent sites
228:
205:
89:
88:
85:
84:
81:
78:
75:
72:
69:
66:
21:
7787:
7786:
7782:
7781:
7780:
7778:
7777:
7776:
7707:
7706:
7705:
7696:
7682:Slashdot effect
7645:
7636:Social software
7550:
7474:
7455:Mobile blogging
7416:
7342:
7301:
7297:Streaming media
7255:
7227:
7184:
7180:Synchronization
7153:
7102:
7098:Feed URI scheme
7070:
6966:Classical music
6938:
6907:
6905:Web syndication
6902:
6872:
6867:
6823:
6805:
6727:
6624:
6532:
6523:
6410:
6405:
6375:
6370:
6344:
6279:
6219:
6181:
6176:
6146:
6137:
6095:
6075:
6059:
6050:suicide.holiday
6008:
5975:
5947:
5905:
5836:Breidbart Index
5819:
5790:
5785:
5745:Usenet Glossary
5739:Living Internet
5725:
5697:
5678:
5665:
5663:
5652:Kleiner, Dmytri
5650:
5634:
5627:
5625:
5616:
5600:
5593:
5591:
5586:
5577:
5575:
5566:
5557:
5555:
5551:
5544:
5537:
5521:
5500:10.1.1.377.1605
5480:
5474:
5461:
5455:
5444:Managing Usenet
5440:
5434:
5421:
5415:
5400:
5394:
5381:
5365:
5358:
5356:
5349:
5333:Thomas Truscott
5327:
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5311:
5309:Further reading
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4312:"Usenet Piracy"
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3837:Wayback Machine
3827:
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3817:Wayback Machine
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3692:on July 8, 2012
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3424:. Wikihow.com.
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3087:"Google Groups"
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2483:Internet portal
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2384:alt.sex.stories
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1882:Duke University
1858:
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1808:Marc Andreessen
1792:Tim Berners-Lee
1788:
1758:, developed by
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1686:Mary Ann Horton
1680:
1652:Duke University
1640:
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1595:network address
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1267:soc.college.org
1243:rec.arts.movies
1142:
1093:
1072:Big-8 hierarchy
1064:
1053:
1032:Internet suites
1012:
978:
948:Internet forums
883:hierarchy. Or,
879:are within the
830:Duke University
822:
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420:Library Genesis
405:
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357:KickassTorrents
352:FitGirl Repacks
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135:Internet forums
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5831:Backbone cabal
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5802:Great Renaming
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5714:A-News Archive
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5676:External links
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5329:Michael Hauben
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5298:Google Support
5285:
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5173:
5160:Feldman, Ian.
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5078:978-0955461408
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4363:Computer World
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4009:comp.windows.x
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3879:Wiley. p. 439.
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2577:Usenet history
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1812:Mosaic browser
1802:announced the
1800:Linus Torvalds
1796:World Wide Web
1787:
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1712:links or even
1705:
1702:
1664:Steve Bellovin
1624:
1621:Steven McGeady
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1562:alt.binaries.*
1546:
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1503:Modern Usenet
1494:retention time
1480:
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1386:Binary content
1384:
1322:alt.binaries.*
1320:are posted in
1299:Great Renaming
1295:
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1253:sci.psychology
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7687:Spam in blogs
7685:
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7678:
7677:Posting style
7675:
7673:
7672:Pay per click
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7604:Broadcatching
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7546:Web directory
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7362:Audio podcast
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7175:RSS enclosure
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6791:Miscellaneous
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6494:Script kiddie
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6439:Cyberstalking
6437:
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6361:Microblogging
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6323:Voice over IP
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6308:LAN messenger
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5720:UTZoo Archive
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5483:Herlocker, J.
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5046:. Pcmag.com.
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4394:September 17,
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4231:Top 10 Usenet
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4094:September 24,
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3967:comp.os.minix
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3240:. MIT Press.
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2622:Kai PuolamƤki
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2617:Henry Spencer
2615:
2613:, a.k.a. Spaf
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2611:Gene Spafford
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1848:Gene Spafford
1843:
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1820:LGBT activism
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1630:Henry Spencer
1628:Bruce Jones,
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1297:See also the
1292:
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1285:talk.politics
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1041:Google Groups
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605:
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589:Torrents-Time
587:
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375:
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370:
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38:comp.text.tex
34:
30:
19:
7526:Online diary
7470:Motovlogging
7445:Liveblogging
7392:Slidecasting
7322:
7292:RSS tracking
7213:Product feed
6961:Bloggernacle
6861:
6849:
6837:
6810:
6247:
6014:
6004:talk.origins
5938:
5930:
5917:
5861:Godwin's law
5851:Crossposting
5787:
5731:the original
5687:
5664:. Retrieved
5660:the original
5626:. Retrieved
5594:February 13,
5592:. Retrieved
5576:. Retrieved
5572:the original
5558:December 13,
5556:. Retrieved
5540:
5525:cite journal
5493:(3): 77ā87.
5490:
5486:
5463:
5447:. O'Reilly.
5443:
5426:. O'Reilly.
5423:
5403:
5383:
5357:. Retrieved
5337:
5297:
5288:
5264:
5257:
5245:. Retrieved
5236:
5226:
5214:. Retrieved
5205:
5195:
5176:
5156:
5147:the original
5136:
5116:
5108:The Register
5106:
5096:The Register
5094:
5084:
5069:
5064:
5054:December 14,
5052:. Retrieved
5037:
5025:. Retrieved
5021:the original
5011:
5001:December 14,
4999:. Retrieved
4985:
4975:December 14,
4973:. Retrieved
4959:
4949:December 14,
4947:. Retrieved
4933:
4923:December 14,
4921:. Retrieved
4907:
4897:December 14,
4895:. Retrieved
4881:
4871:December 14,
4869:. Retrieved
4855:
4845:December 14,
4843:. Retrieved
4829:
4819:December 14,
4817:. Retrieved
4803:
4793:December 14,
4791:. Retrieved
4777:
4769:
4762:. Retrieved
4740:
4730:December 14,
4728:. Retrieved
4714:
4704:September 1,
4702:. Retrieved
4688:
4678:September 1,
4676:. Retrieved
4662:
4652:September 3,
4650:. Retrieved
4636:
4624:. Retrieved
4610:
4600:September 1,
4598:. Retrieved
4584:
4574:September 1,
4572:. Retrieved
4558:
4548:September 1,
4546:. Retrieved
4532:
4526:Ukerna.ac.uk
4521:
4501:
4485:Bode, Karl.
4481:
4471:December 14,
4469:. Retrieved
4455:
4431:
4419:. Retrieved
4405:
4392:. Retrieved
4388:the original
4376:
4371:
4361:
4345:
4331:
4321:February 24,
4319:. Retrieved
4315:
4306:
4296:December 14,
4294:. Retrieved
4290:the original
4280:
4270:December 14,
4268:. Retrieved
4264:the original
4239:. Retrieved
4230:
4221:
4208:the original
4197:
4185:. Retrieved
4177:The Register
4176:
4166:
4154:. Retrieved
4145:
4135:
4125:November 30,
4123:. Retrieved
4114:
4104:
4092:. Retrieved
4088:the original
4073:
4064:
4057:. Retrieved
4036:
4024:. Retrieved
3994:
3984:September 9,
3982:. Retrieved
3952:
3940:. Retrieved
3910:
3900:December 14,
3898:. Retrieved
3884:
3876:
3871:
3859:. Retrieved
3844:
3824:
3804:
3792:. Retrieved
3778:
3766:. Retrieved
3752:
3737:
3732:
3722:December 14,
3720:. Retrieved
3706:
3696:December 14,
3694:. Retrieved
3690:the original
3680:
3668:. Retrieved
3654:
3644:December 14,
3642:. Retrieved
3628:
3616:. Retrieved
3587:
3570:
3566:
3556:December 14,
3554:. Retrieved
3534:
3515:
3507:
3500:. Retrieved
3496:the original
3486:
3468:
3456:. Retrieved
3450:. Eweka.nl.
3442:
3430:. Retrieved
3416:
3404:. Retrieved
3390:
3378:. Retrieved
3359:
3329:
3321:
3314:. Retrieved
3300:
3292:
3285:. Retrieved
3271:
3263:
3256:. Retrieved
3236:
3229:
3219:December 14,
3217:. Retrieved
3213:the original
3203:
3193:December 14,
3191:. Retrieved
3177:
3167:December 14,
3165:. Retrieved
3161:the original
3151:
3141:December 14,
3139:. Retrieved
3135:the original
3125:
3107:
3097:December 14,
3095:. Retrieved
3081:
3069:. Retrieved
3065:the original
3055:
3037:
3025:. Retrieved
3010:
3000:December 14,
2998:. Retrieved
2984:
2972:. Retrieved
2958:
2948:
2933:
2928:
2909:
2894:
2889:
2870:
2858:. Retrieved
2853:
2822:. Retrieved
2770:
2765:
2747:
2728:
2683:
2664:. Retrieved
2599:
2589:Serdar Argic
2462:
2458:
2453:
2449:
2443:
2436:
2434:
2419:
2408:
2390:
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2324:
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2306:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2280:Andrew Cuomo
2262:
1933:Daily volume
1914:
1911:
1897:command line
1890:
1876:
1861:
1859:
1841:
1829:
1789:
1786:Public venue
1772:InterNetNews
1744:
1719:
1707:
1690:Reed College
1660:Bourne shell
1644:Tom Truscott
1641:
1635:
1627:
1599:
1587:
1577:
1574:
1561:
1559:
1548:
1545:Legal issues
1532:
1528:news servers
1509:
1505:news servers
1502:
1498:
1493:
1490:
1470:
1454:
1423:
1411:
1407:binary files
1397:
1379:
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1369:
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1352:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1326:
1321:
1312:
1306:
1303:
1296:
1290:talk.origins
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1257:sci.research
1256:
1252:
1248:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1214:
1211:misc.forsale
1210:
1206:
1202:
1196:
1192:
1177:humanities.*
1176:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1153:
1151:
1140:Organization
1123:
1111:
1108:
1103:peer-to-peer
1094:
1077:
1069:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1045:web browsers
1037:
1013:
1005:
1000:alt.binaries
998:
995:
990:news servers
987:
969:alt.binaries
967:
964:web browsers
960:social media
945:
937:
928:peer-to-peer
917:
911:
905:
896:
892:talk.atheism
890:
886:talk.origins
884:
880:
874:
868:
862:
823:
820:Introduction
799:
790:
786:
782:
780:
627:Proxy server
584:Popcorn Time
541:Transmission
337:ExtraTorrent
255:
251:Peer to peer
235:Technologies
218:File sharing
173:
169:file sharing
165:spam filters
161:
147:news servers
143:
122:
118:
114:
107:Tom Truscott
95:
91:
55:
54:
37:
29:
7762:Online chat
7657:Blogosphere
7562:Aggregation
7382:Peercasting
7282:Referencing
6976:Dream diary
6698:Rickrolling
6499:Shitposting
6474:Little Pink
6190:Online chat
6123:NewsBin Pro
6101:Newsreaders
6055:tv.simpsons
6045:sex.stories
5953:News server
5910:Hierarchies
5824:Terminology
5816:(1996ā1998)
5682:ā¹ The
5237:Motherboard
5017:"Asstr.org"
4764:December 5,
4754:net.general
4626:December 5,
4241:February 8,
4115:PC Magazine
3618:December 5,
3458:October 20,
3432:October 20,
3406:October 20,
3366:"newsgroup"
3258:November 7,
2860:January 31,
2606:Chris Lewis
2502:PLATO Notes
2251:274.49 TiB
1936:Daily posts
1863:PC Magazine
1816:Amy Goodloe
1681:UC Berkeley
1446:XX encoding
1416:, from the
1349:New England
1225:news.groups
1016:newsreaders
1010:Newsreaders
901:news client
895:are in the
876:sci.physics
791:net.general
787:NET.general
715:Comparisons
622:Private P2P
531:qBittorrent
495:P2P clients
294:Dailymotion
261:Web hosting
198:'s dial-up
7711:Categories
7555:Micromedia
7509:Journalism
7412:Web series
7387:Screencast
7372:Mobilecast
7287:RSS editor
7170:Geotagging
7134:Reblogging
7093:BitTorrent
7079:Technology
6924:Podcasting
6862:Wiktionary
6751:Challenges
6630:Imageboard
6484:Sealioning
6349:Publishing
6263:Imageboard
6109:Comparison
5981:Newsgroups
5247:August 30,
5027:August 13,
4435:Hu, Jim. "
4214:TechCrunch
4146:Duke Today
3851:"Arachnet"
3712:"Quux.org"
2974:August 13,
2634:References
2348:Rick Adams
2240:220.00 TiB
2229:100.71 TiB
1893:TechCrunch
1872:disk space
1473:BitTorrent
1229:news.admin
1189:philosophy
1185:literature
1128:(NNTP) on
1065:.moderated
865:newsgroups
804:(NNTP) on
526:OnionShare
448:BitTorrent
410:ICanHazPDF
184:sockpuppet
127:newsgroups
7641:Web Slice
7499:Carnivals
7460:Spam blog
7450:Microblog
7435:Columnist
7397:Videocast
7208:Photofeed
7203:Data feed
7198:Atom feed
7158:Mechanism
7149:Trackback
7119:Permalink
7046:Political
7036:Photoblog
6971:Corporate
6663:goatse.cx
6643:Anonymous
6538:Chatspeak
6469:Keylogger
6258:Textboard
5866:Kill file
5846:Cleanfeed
5841:Cancelbot
5814:Meow Wars
5727:"Netscan"
5495:CiteSeerX
5369:cite book
5216:March 12,
4750:Newsgroup
4005:Newsgroup
3963:Newsgroup
3921:Newsgroup
3597:Newsgroup
3380:April 28,
2570:Supernews
2512:Usenet II
2497:Fediverse
2411:Deja News
2320:Microsoft
2263:In 2008,
2257:2024 Feb
2254:400.24 M
2246:2023 Aug
2235:2021 Jan
2224:2020 Jan
2218:62.40 TiB
2213:2019 Jan
2207:60.38 TiB
2202:2018 Jan
2196:37.35 TiB
2191:2017 Jan
2185:27.80 TiB
2180:2016 Jan
2174:23.87 TiB
2169:2015 Jan
2163:17.87 TiB
2158:2014 Jan
2152:14.61 TiB
2147:2013 Jan
2141:11.49 TiB
2136:2012 Jan
2125:2011 Jan
2114:2010 Jan
2103:2009 Jan
2092:2008 Jan
2081:2007 Jan
2070:2006 Jan
2059:2005 Jan
2045:2004 Jan
2034:2003 Jan
2023:2002 Jan
2012:2001 Jan
1998:2000 Jan
1987:1999 Jan
1976:1998 Jan
1962:1997 Jul
1952:1996 Dec
1915:.binaries
1776:Rich Salz
1698:Bell Labs
1648:Jim Ellis
1539:terabytes
1535:petabytes
1524:encrypted
1376:*.answers
1372:*.answers
1361:Microsoft
1309:hierarchy
1239:rec.music
1215:misc.kids
1181:fine arts
1155:Big Eight
920:exchanges
781:The name
693:Singapore
516:Filetopia
468:Gnutella2
430:Z-Library
304:Putlocker
289:123Movies
111:Jim Ellis
7541:Software
7536:Sideblog
7519:Database
7402:Webcomic
7306:Standard
7272:Livemark
7223:Web feed
7218:RDF feed
7190:Memetics
7144:Rollback
7129:Pingback
7114:Linkback
7107:Features
6929:Vlogging
6919:Blogging
6838:Category
6781:Politics
6713:Tripcode
6693:Pedobear
6546:Emoticon
6509:Spamming
6489:Phishing
6449:Edgelord
6335:Web chat
6064:By topic
5971:Giganews
5966:Easynews
5961:Astraweb
5881:Sporgery
5871:Otherkin
5684:template
5638:cite web
5604:cite web
5578:June 27,
5549:Archived
5517:15008577
5353:Archived
5321:Archived
5241:Archived
5210:Archived
5186:Archived
5167:Archived
5125:Archived
5101:Archived
5048:Archived
4995:Archived
4969:Archived
4943:Archived
4917:Archived
4891:Archived
4865:Archived
4839:Archived
4813:Archived
4787:Archived
4758:Archived
4724:Archived
4698:Archived
4672:Archived
4646:Archived
4620:Archived
4594:Archived
4568:Archived
4542:Archived
4512:Archived
4492:Archived
4465:Archived
4442:Archived
4421:June 18,
4415:Archived
4378:PC World
4356:Archived
4316:IP Arrow
4235:Archived
4181:Archived
4150:Archived
4119:Archived
4050:Archived
4020:Archived
3978:Archived
3936:Archived
3894:Archived
3855:Archived
3833:Archived
3813:Archived
3788:Archived
3762:Archived
3716:Archived
3664:Archived
3638:Archived
3612:Archived
3579:Archived
3547:Archived
3526:Archived
3502:June 29,
3478:Archived
3452:Archived
3426:Archived
3400:Archived
3374:Archived
3350:Archived
3337:Archived
3310:Archived
3281:Archived
3252:Archived
3187:Archived
3117:Archived
3091:Archived
3071:June 29,
3047:Archived
3021:Archived
2994:Archived
2968:Archived
2919:Archived
2895:Web 101.
2878:Archived
2818:Archived
2790:Archived
2779:Archived
2757:Archived
2736:Archived
2717:Archived
2660:Archived
2652:"USENET"
2565:Giganews
2560:Easynews
2555:Astraweb
2469:See also
2341:Archives
2297:PC World
2243:279.16 M
2232:171.86 M
2221:107.49 M
2210:104.04 M
2130:9.29 TiB
2119:7.52 TiB
2108:5.42 TiB
2097:4.65 TiB
2086:3.07 TiB
2075:2.95 TiB
2064:2.27 TiB
1845:ā
1836:spamming
1798:, where
1741:Software
1678:through
1672:software
1466:Parchive
1434:metadata
1414:uuencode
1318:Binaries
1130:TCP Port
1028:AT&T
870:sci.math
852:such as
838:Internet
660:Legality
655:Timeline
536:Shareaza
521:Ī¼Torrent
501:BitComet
483:Soulseek
473:Hyphanet
463:Gnutella
332:Demonoid
299:PeerTube
210:a series
208:Part of
192:Internet
186:", and "
139:threaded
115:articles
7650:Related
7609:Hashtag
7599:AtomPub
7514:Citizen
7504:Fiction
7407:Webtoon
7139:Refback
7086:General
7066:Warblog
7056:Reverse
7051:Project
7021:Lifelog
7001:Fashion
6981:Edublog
6915:History
6718:Weeaboo
6708:Rule 63
6703:Rule 34
6620:Sexting
6479:Malware
6459:Griefer
6454:Flaming
6243:FidoNet
6084:Clients
6025:atheism
5856:Flaming
5795:History
5686:below (
5666:June 4,
5628:June 4,
5407:. Que.
5359:June 6,
5270:209ā213
4752::
4187:May 24,
4156:May 24,
4059:May 26,
4026:June 4,
4013:Usenet:
4007::
3971:Usenet:
3965::
3942:June 4,
3929:Usenet:
3923::
3861:June 4,
3670:July 8,
3605:Usenet:
3599::
3027:June 4,
2824:June 3,
2364:keyword
2199:73.95 M
2188:64.55 M
2177:55.59 M
2166:44.19 M
2155:37.56 M
2144:28.14 M
2133:23.91 M
2122:20.12 M
2111:15.66 M
2100:14.64 M
2089:10.13 M
2039:969 GiB
2028:492 GiB
2017:257 GiB
2003:181 GiB
1856:Decline
1766:at the
1722:FidoNet
1714:ARPANET
1704:Network
1676:ARPANET
1609:History
1537:(60000
1333:malta.*
1329:japan.*
1020:clients
846:ARPANET
632:Seedbox
612:Darknet
546:Tribler
458:eDonkey
425:Sci-Hub
347:isoHunt
309:YouTube
196:FidoNet
103:dial-up
18:Netnews
7772:Usenet
7614:NewsML
7582:Search
7577:Review
7323:Usenet
7277:Mashup
7260:Social
7251:RSS TV
7241:GeoRSS
7165:Thread
7061:Travel
7041:Police
7011:Health
6996:Family
6850:Portal
6811:Usenet
6786:Videos
6771:Images
6766:Gaming
6683:O RLY?
6678:Newbie
6668:Lolcat
6514:Tankie
6464:Hacker
6444:Doxing
6424:Baizuo
6313:Talker
6248:Usenet
6118:GrabIt
5810:(1993)
5804:(1987)
5788:Usenet
5703:Curlie
5689:Curlie
5515:
5497:
5470:
5451:
5430:
5411:
5390:
5345:
5276:
5076:
4015:
3973:
3931:
3744:
3607:
3316:May 7,
3287:May 7,
3244:
2940:
2901:
2698:
2690:
2666:May 2,
2455:today.
2415:Google
2078:9.84 M
2067:7.54 M
2056:5.09 M
2042:3.30 M
2031:2.09 M
2020:1.48 M
1992:82 GiB
1981:26 GiB
1967:12 GiB
1850:, 1992
1832:jargon
1756:C News
1751:B News
1747:A News
1735:TCP/IP
1696:, and
1658:using
1582:cancel
1516:backup
1512:upload
1438:BinHex
1426:Base64
1277:talk.*
1221:news.*
1203:misc.*
1187:, and
1163:comp.*
940:e-mail
908:thread
897:talk.*
858:USENIX
854:A News
808:(TCP)
783:Usenet
683:Canada
266:WebRTC
256:Usenet
156:peered
92:USENET
56:Usenet
7587:Video
7483:Media
6944:Types
6801:TL;DR
6776:Music
6756:Email
6733:Memes
6648:-chan
6638:4chan
6573:Owned
6558:Emoji
6519:Troll
6416:Abuse
6233:Email
5925:Big 8
5886:Troll
5552:(PDF)
5545:(PDF)
5513:S2CID
5206:Wired
4053:(PDF)
4046:(PDF)
3550:(PDF)
3543:(PDF)
2771:local
2444:Wired
2331:blogs
2316:JANET
2288:alt.*
2050:1.52
2006:1.24
1995:858 k
1984:609 k
1957:9 GiB
1939:Date
1830:Many
1804:Linux
1460:into
1403:ASCII
1380:alt.*
1365:alt.*
1353:gnu.*
1345:Malta
1341:Japan
1313:alt.*
1307:alt.*
1263:soc.*
1249:sci.*
1235:rec.*
1158:are:
1061:mod.*
952:blogs
881:sci.*
688:Japan
556:WinMX
511:eMule
367:RARBG
327:1337x
180:flame
149:that
119:posts
7594:Atom
7572:Poll
7567:News
7351:Form
7338:XOXO
7333:XBEL
7313:OPML
7246:MRSS
7124:Ping
7031:News
7006:Food
6991:Fake
6796:Doge
6761:Film
6723:Yiff
6673:Lurk
6658:Clop
6610:NSFW
6593:w00t
6578:Pr0n
6568:Leet
6563:Hodl
6366:Wiki
6356:Blog
6105:List
5985:List
5931:comp
5668:2007
5644:link
5630:2007
5610:link
5596:2007
5580:2006
5560:2005
5531:link
5468:ISBN
5449:ISBN
5428:ISBN
5409:ISBN
5388:ISBN
5375:link
5361:2015
5343:ISBN
5274:ISBN
5249:2015
5218:2017
5074:ISBN
5056:2010
5029:2014
5003:2010
4977:2010
4951:2010
4925:2010
4899:2010
4873:2010
4847:2010
4821:2010
4795:2010
4766:2014
4732:2010
4706:2011
4680:2011
4654:2011
4628:2014
4602:2011
4576:2011
4550:2011
4473:2010
4448:CNet
4423:2009
4396:2017
4323:2024
4298:2010
4272:2010
4243:2021
4189:2010
4158:2010
4127:2022
4096:2010
4061:2010
4028:2007
3986:2006
3944:2007
3902:2010
3863:2007
3796:2014
3770:2014
3742:ISBN
3724:2010
3698:2010
3672:2020
3646:2010
3620:2014
3558:2010
3504:2009
3460:2020
3434:2020
3408:2020
3382:2023
3318:2015
3289:2015
3260:2020
3242:ISBN
3221:2010
3195:2010
3169:2010
3143:2010
3099:2010
3073:2009
3029:2007
3002:2010
2976:2020
2953:2019
2938:ISBN
2899:ISBN
2862:2015
2854:BYTE
2826:2020
2696:ISBN
2688:ISBN
2668:2023
2441:and
2438:Vice
2327:ISPs
2271:and
1970:554
1944:4.5
1762:and
1710:X.25
1668:news
1646:and
1590:SMTP
1567:DMCA
1457:yEnc
1442:BTOA
1430:MIME
1418:Unix
1347:and
1337:ne.*
1335:and
1304:The
1085:spam
1024:Unix
958:and
933:POTS
889:and
873:and
828:and
810:port
579:Kodi
551:Vuze
506:DC++
387:YIFY
342:EZTV
271:XDCC
188:spam
182:", "
178:", "
123:news
109:and
7233:RSS
7026:MP3
7016:Law
6956:Art
6605:LOL
6600:Fap
6588:Teh
6583:Pwn
6551:uwu
6133:tin
6040:sex
6015:alt
5939:sci
5918:alt
5701:at
5505:doi
4446:."
4384:"2"
4212:."
2430:GMD
2356:RFC
2308:AOL
2302:AOL
2052:TiB
1946:GiB
1878:AOL
1780:INN
1774:by
1726:BBS
1650:of
1462:RAR
1450:BOO
1400:bit
1134:SSL
703:USA
637:VPN
478:I2P
200:BBS
176:FAQ
117:or
90:),
7713::
7624:G2
6688:OP
6653:CP
6128:rn
6107:,
6017:.*
5941:.*
5933:.*
5920:.*
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