418:, illustrates the predicament: the number of people occupying the space of one Prussian acre was 8 in Barmen, 11 in Potsdam, 24 in Darmstadt, 28 in Berlin, 65 in Hamburg and 71 in Cologne - but in Mainz the figure was 89. In other cities, the population grew ever faster in the second half of the 19th century. In Mainz, the flats were hopelessly overcrowded, sanitary facilities were lacking and a cholera epidemic threatened to break out at any time. Mainz lagged behind in economic development at a time when factories were springing up everywhere else. The reason for this was also the disproportion between the civilian city area, which was about 1.2 km, and the area used for military purposes or closed off, which was about 7 km.
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one fell swoop. On 21 September 1872, the city expansion contract was finally signed. This day can be called the founding day of the New Town of Mainz. At the beginning of
February 1873, imperial approval was granted. In mid-March 1873, the city began to demolish the ramparts in the area of today's Kaiserstraße and to build on the garden field. However, it also had to build new ramparts further northwest, on the Rheingau Wall, at a cost of four million guilders. Between 1500 and 2000 florins per Hessian acre were paid for the garden plots.
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382:. It is located northwest of the old town, beyond the wide Kaiserstrasse. Characteristic are the great number of squares and traffic-calmed streets, the pubs and cafés, the small shops, the Turkish shops and smaller craft businesses. The Neustadt lives from its mixture of old-established Mainzers, newcomers, immigrants and young students. Neustadt is the most densely populated district in Mainz.
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Master builder Eduard Kreyßig (1830-1897) shaped the architectural and urban planning face of the New Town. His basic idea was the development of the garden field through a symmetrical, grid-like street system of longitudinal and transverse axes, broken up by green avenues and squares. His plans were
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The military agreed to the demolition of the old walls only after long, tough negotiations between the city of Mainz and the
Prussian War Ministry, after the fortress of Metz in Lorraine formed the new bulwark to France. With the release for development, the previously existing city area doubled in
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and consisted, among other things, of the cavaliers Prinz
Holstein and Hauptstein, Judensand, Fort Hartenberg, the Gonsenheim Gate and the Mombach Gate. In the new town itself, there were again many barracks - such as the Alicekaserne (infantry barracks 1903) a cavalry barracks in Wallstraße (Neue
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The garden field tax, a kind of luxury tax because of the generous amount of space, was levied on the new property owners. Until the Second World War, large areas were still vacant in the area of
Goetheplatz and in the northern Neustadt. There were still numerous gardens, for example on Raupelsweg
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Even today, the main problems with the development of the garden field is obvious, the terrain was very low and therefore frequently flooded. The city builder's plans called for the entire area to be filled in, which was also necessary for the construction of the sewage system. However, due to the
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A curiosity is the house at No. 77 Wallaustrasse, which has a gateway on the first floor and is entered via the part planned as a cellar. At the time of construction, it was expected that the site would be filled in, which has not yet happened. The Rhine bank, which was also newly filled in, was
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The new, more open city demanded that the railway line be moved away from the banks of the Rhine. Kreyßig moved it to the west side of the city from 1880 with the consequence of tunneling under the citadel and building a new central station. The construction of this station in 1884 was also the
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size of this huge area, the filling up could only be done step by step. First, the roads were raised. The individual plan squares were then gradually filled in around the houses that had already been built. As a result, many houses in the New Town have particularly deep basements.
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Three major northwest–southeast axes (Rheinallee, Bonifaziusstraße and
Boppstraße) were to connect the New Town with the Old Town. Construction was first carried out along these main axes. Instead of the ramparts of the garden front,
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The area called "Gartenfeld" lay outside the fortress walls of Mainz. There, in the rayon zone, no stone buildings were allowed to stand that could offer protection to advancing troops. The walls severely constricted the
449:'s bastion belt, a magnificent boulevard was created, which was then also called "Boulevard" - today's Kaiserstraße. The buildings from this era are still recognisable today, although they were badly affected by the
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The backfilling work was not completed everywhere. Thus, at some points in the
Neustadt today, one can find places that still show the low level, e.g. the low level of the Wallaustraße.
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394:), which was interspersed with improvised buildings, had been around for a long time. On 4 April 1866, the city council chose a draft by
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In 2022 Neustadt will celebrate its 150-year jubilee. The idea of expanding the city of Mainz into the socalled "Gartenfeld" (literally
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in accordance with the
Imperial Act of 25 May 1873 and became an imperial fortress. The New Town on a plan from 1898
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and along
Scheffelstraße. Housewives could bleach their laundry on meadows, children and young people could play.
570:"Einwohner der Landeshauptstadt Mainz laut Melderegister am 31.12.2023 (zum Stichtag erstellt am 15.02.2024)"
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Golden' Rosskaserne) - a garrison hospital in
Rheinstraße and magazine rooms of the military administration.
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initiative of the city's master builder and made possible the connection to another railway line, the
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residential buildings, some with splendid facades, as well as some functional buildings such as the
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A new rampart, the
Rheingau Wall, was built around the new town. It was built in the
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461:, which is visible from afar, the old army bread bakery (Neues Proviantamt) and the
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out of several competing plans. The realisation had to wait until after the
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building fell victim to the National Socialists only 26 years later in the
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374:, with 29,982 inhabitants (Dec. 2023), is a borough in the north of
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437:. Shortly before taking up his post, Kreyßig had visited the
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in Paris and admired Haussmann's revolutionary ideas.
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511:on behalf of the French military administration..
433:inspired by the 19th century redesign of Paris by
556:, Landeshauptstadt Mainz, accessed 29 March 2022.
425:The fortress of Mainz became the property of the
16:Borough of Mainz in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
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473:. It was set on fire and later blown up.
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507:After 1918, all fortifications were
258:6.32 km (2.44 sq mi)
64:Location of Neustadt within Mainz
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484:fortified for military purposes.
493:neo-Prussian fortification style
451:Bombing of Mainz in World War II
138:Show map of Rhineland-Palatinate
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439:Exposition Universelle (1867)
295:4,700/km (12,000/sq mi)
525:(in German). Emons Verlag.
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575:. Landeshauptstadt Mainz
435:Georges-Eugène Haussmann
266:115 m (377 ft)
416:Mainz municipal library
274:85 m (279 ft)
523:Die Mainzer Stadtteile
502:Hessian Ludwig Railway
263:Highest elevation
318: • Summer (
271:Lowest elevation
463:main railway station
412:Grand Duchy of Hesse
292: • Density
199:Rhineland-Palatinate
521:Claus Wolf (2004).
453:. They are typical
400:Franco-Prussian War
163: /
106:Show map of Germany
284: • Total
255: • Total
600:Boroughs of Mainz
554:OV Mainz-Neustadt
408:Fortress of Mainz
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167:50.000°N 8.250°E
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172:50.000; 8.250
148:Coordinates:
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577:. Retrieved
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402:of 1870/71.
392:garden field
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339:Postal codes
53:Coat of arms
467:Art Nouveau
455:Gründerzeit
364:Neustadt.de
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579:2024-07-23
541:References
515:Literature
279:Population
227:Government
447:Schönborn
327:UTC+02:00
306:UTC+01:00
301:Time zone
131:Neustadt
99:Neustadt
24:Neustadt
594:Category
509:slighted
372:Neustadt
206:District
386:History
380:Germany
360:Website
187:Germany
183:Country
33:Borough
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287:29,982
243:Greens
221:Mainz
158:8°15′E
155:50°0′N
37:Mainz
573:(PDF)
376:Mainz
355:06131
344:55118
234:Mayor
194:State
527:ISBN
331:CEST
250:Area
217:City
320:DST
310:CET
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