475:
against them", White and Cane repeat this. They also mention "one of these encounters involved the colonial government sending a detachment of soldiers in 1826 to disperse a large and hostile gathering of
Ngunnawal Aborigines at Lake George". My friend, Dr Ann Jackson-Nakano, who has made a close study of the Lake George communities gives a detailed background to this hostility. "Communities banded together in large numbers to avenge the taking of their women by European stockmen at Lake George and Lake Bathurst. It incensed these groups enough when their Indigenous neighbours stole wives, as Govett and others described it, but they would not tolerate their women being taken by Europeans." (p 25; Weereewa History Series Volume 1).
47:
114:
304:, inaccurately stated that "Ngambri is the name of one of a number of family groups that make up the Ngunnawal nation." He went on to say that "the Government recognises members of the Ngunnawal nation as descendants of the original inhabitants of this region." He made the error after talking with multiracial people of part Ngunnawal descent whose forebears had come from Yass in the 1920s to find work.
339:
They were gradually displaced from the Yass area beginning in the 1820s when graziers began to occupy the land there. Some people worked at properties in the region. In 1826 many
Aboriginal people at Lake George protested an incident involving a shepherd and an Aboriginal woman, though the protesters
474:
George
Augustus Robinson, Chief Protector of Aborigines in Victoria, who toured through the Yass area in 1844 and stayed with Hamilton Hume, commented "The Yass and Bathurst Blacks in the early settling of the Colony were said to have been troublesome, and that in consequence Commandoes had gone out
319:
defines himself as one of the
Ngambri-Guumwaal, Guumwaal being a language name said to mean "high country". This claim to be a distinct nation is disputed by many other local Aboriginal people who say that the Ngambri are a small family who took their name from the Sullivan's Creek area located to
307:
In 2012 research for the ACT Government, "Our Kin, Our
Country", found "there is no basis within the description of the country supplied by Tindale. The research confirmed that the language spoken in the Canberra region was a dialect of Ngarigu, 'related to but distinguishable from the dialects
194:
240:, approximately on a line from Gundaroo to Wee Jasper. Sometimes the whole of the Burragorang language speaking area as far north as near Young is included as Ngunnawal, giving them a population in the 1830s of well over a thousand people.
243:
A major battle for ownership of the country was fought at Sutton between an invading
Ngunnawal band and the Nyamudy inhabitants, which the former won, establishing the Ngunnawal country, which did not extend further south along the
176:
peoples respectively. The two varieties are very closely related, being considered dialects of the one (unnamed) language, in the technical, linguistic sense of those terms. One classification of these varieties groups them with
590:
1616:
336:, which has been dated to approximately 25,000 years ago. However, it is likely (based on older sites known from the surrounding regions) that human occupation of the region goes back considerably further.
731:
693:
347:" Ngunnawal person, Nellie Hamilton, dying in 1897, however, this is disputed by Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians, as there are many Ngunnawal people still around today.
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724:
654:
573:
76:
1588:
633:
308:
spoken at Tumut and Monaro'". The report stated that evidence gathered from the mid-1700s onward was too scant to support any family's claims to be original owners.
1581:
1611:
1546:
717:
321:
232:(2011) and others shows that the Ngunnawal country was primarily the land surrounding the Yass River extending between Lake George to the east and the
1560:
1525:
620:
1574:
35:
701:
1567:
682:
521:
391:
333:
638:
1402:
98:
285:
256:
The
Ngunawal people were northern neighbours of the Nyamudy/Namadgi people who lived to the south on the Limestone Plains. The
647:
531:
674:
162:
332:
The earliest direct evidence for
Aboriginal occupation in the area comes from a rock shelter near the area of Birrigai near
201:
When first encountered by
European colonisers in the 1820s, the Ngunawal-speaking Indigenous people lived around this area.
759:
221:
564:
273:
141:
59:
466:
228:
to the west. To the south of Lake George was the county of the
Nyamudy speaking a Ngarigo dialect. Recent research by
166:
69:
63:
55:
513:
882:
801:
209:
80:
312:
217:
671:
Aboriginal Tribes of Australia: Their Terrain, Environmental Controls, Distribution, Limits, and Proper Names
581:
229:
205:
740:
548:"Aboriginal languages and social groups in the Canberra region: interpreting the historical documentation"
113:
624:
300:
The present dispute originated when the Chief Minister of the Australian Capital Territory at the time,
213:
133:
1484:
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1429:
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1412:
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182:
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503:
233:
225:
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153:
31:
666:
547:
1621:
1505:
1474:
1395:
889:
875:
678:
517:
261:
507:
297:, there were three groups in the region: the Ngunnawal, the Nyamudy/Namadgi and the Ngarigo.
599:
280:
Ngambri-Guumaal, represented by Shane Mortimer, with widespread connections from across the
178:
1498:
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1419:
1300:
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744:
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566:
Considering traditional Aboriginal affiliations in the ACT region: Draft Report
1211:
1197:
1050:
1008:
973:
931:
924:
910:
311:
Some Canberra-area Aboriginal people in inland southeast Australia, including
245:
236:
to the west, while the southern boundary of the Ngunnawal people was north of
173:
291:
According to settlers living in the area in the 1830s, such as quoted in the
30:
This article is about the Indigenous Australian group. For the language, see
1349:
1253:
1246:
1148:
1141:
1127:
1092:
1029:
784:
257:
193:
819:
621:"SCULPTURE FORUM 95: ABORIGINAL ART at the Canberra Contemporary Art Space"
552:
Indigenous Language and Social Identity: papers in honour of Michael Walsh
1356:
1267:
1260:
1183:
1162:
1155:
1071:
1043:
1036:
994:
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833:
591:
The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland
237:
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840:
611:
118:
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1274:
34:. For the suburban district in the Australian Capital Territory, see
603:
585:
1169:
1099:
1022:
896:
777:
192:
112:
1317:
917:
713:
40:
197:
Traditional lands of the Ngunnawal peoples of New South Wales
1617:
Indigenous Australians in the Australian Capital Territory
204:
Their tribal country according to the early ethnographer,
276:
in the Canberra area: the Ngambri, the Ngarigo, and the
27:
Aboriginal Australian group of southern NSW and the ACT
586:"The Wiradyuri and Other Languages of New South Wales"
264:(to the north) peoples also bordered the Ngunnawal.
1387:
1327:
811:
769:
751:
694:"Canberra's first people still a matter for debate"
509:Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development
534:. ABC Australia. 25 November 2005. Archived from
343:Historical records of Australia record the last "
172:, the traditional languages of the Ngunnawal and
68:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
725:
634:"What is the Aboriginal history of Canberra?"
452:
8:
370:Legal status of native title not current.
732:
718:
710:
1526:List of Australian Aboriginal group names
99:Learn how and when to remove this message
440:
416:
390:sfn error: no target: CITEREFKoch2102 (
378:
356:
36:Ngunnawal, Australian Capital Territory
486:
428:
1612:Aboriginal peoples of New South Wales
619:McKeon, Rosemarie (20 October 1995).
404:
208:, stated their country extended from
7:
385:
268:Dispute over traditional ownership
25:
795:(mainly Queensland bordering NSW)
272:At present, three groups contest
655:ACT Government Genealogy Project
632:Osborne, Tegan (28 April 2016).
532:"The Future of the Tent Embassy"
45:
163:Australian Aboriginal languages
675:Australian National University
563:Kwok, Natalie (January 2013).
185:languages of New South Wales.
1:
692:Towell, Noel (9 April 2013).
363:This map is indicative only.
142:Australian Capital Territory
465:Bell, Eric Bernard (2011).
117:Ngunnawal art, possibly an
1638:
752:Aboriginal language groups
598:(July–December): 284–305.
514:Cambridge University Press
151:
29:
1535:
1515:
802:Western Bundjalung people
467:"Looking Back: My Story"
315:, identify as Ngambri.
54:This article includes a
663:Tindale, Norman Barnett
340:moved away peacefully.
83:more precise citations.
1016:Kawambarai/Gawambaraay
198:
121:
1541:By state or territory
760:Yugambeh-Bandjalangic
648:"Our Kin Our Country"
220:southwards as far as
196:
116:
1388:Aboriginal languages
627:on 6 September 2004.
181:, as one of several
161:and Gundungurra are
556:Pacific Linguistics
324:in the late 1990s.
128:people, also spelt
1554:Northern Territory
883:Western Bundjalung
812:Aboriginal peoples
770:Aboriginal nations
698:The Canberra Times
453:ABC Australia 2005
260:(to the west) and
199:
183:southern tableland
154:Ngunnawal language
122:
56:list of references
32:Ngunnawal language
1599:
1598:
1589:Western Australia
946:Gidhabal/Githabul
704:on 10 April 2013.
684:978-0-708-10741-6
523:978-0-521-47378-1
134:Aboriginal people
109:
108:
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16:(Redirected from
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1508:
1501:
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1470:
1463:
1456:
1449:
1442:
1440:
1439:(or Yuwaaliyaay)
1432:
1425:
1423:
1415:
1408:
1406:
1398:
1380:
1373:
1366:
1359:
1352:
1345:
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1328:Aboriginal clans
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953:Gringai/Guringay
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829:
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804:
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796:
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762:
734:
727:
720:
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700:. Archived from
688:
667:"Ngunawal (NSW)"
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652:
643:
628:
623:. Archived from
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571:
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388:, p. 17–18.
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278:Walgalu speaking
224:to the east and
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97:
93:
90:
84:
79:this article by
70:inline citations
49:
48:
41:
21:
18:Ngunnawal people
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1568:South Australia
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1547:New South Wales
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1476:
1473:
1466:
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1405:(or Bundjalung)
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745:New South Wales
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604:10.2307/2843103
580:
569:
562:
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538:on 13 May 2008.
530:
524:
504:Dixon, R. M. W.
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407:, p. xxxv.
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282:Snowy Mountains
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248:than Gundaroo.
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138:New South Wales
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94:
88:
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60:related reading
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657:. August 2012.
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582:Mathews, R. H.
578:
574:ACT government
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472:. p. 24.
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322:Black Mountain
317:Shane Mortimer
294:Queanbeyan Age
286:Blue Mountains
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152:Main article:
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144:in Australia.
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1233:Wirraayaraay
1205:Wangaaypuwan
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1086:Nhaawuparlku
960:Gumbaynggirr
702:the original
697:
670:
637:
625:the original
595:
589:
565:
551:
544:Koch, Harold
536:the original
508:
482:
473:
460:
448:
441:Osborne 2016
436:
424:
417:Mathews 1904
412:
400:
381:
369:
359:
345:full-blooded
342:
338:
331:
328:Native title
320:the east of
310:
306:
302:Jon Stanhope
299:
292:
290:
271:
255:
242:
234:Murrumbidgee
226:Goodradigbee
203:
200:
167:Pama-Nyungan
157:
136:of southern
129:
125:
123:
110:
95:
86:
75:Please help
67:
1485:Wemba Wemba
1447:Madhi Madhi
1437:Gamilaraay
1430:Dyirringany
1403:Bandjalang
1336:Cammeraygal
1226:Wemba-Wemba
1177:Yuwaalaraay
1079:Muthi Muthi
848:Barranbinya
743:peoples in
487:McKeon 1995
429:Towell 2013
262:Gundungurra
230:Harold Koch
222:Lake George
81:introducing
1606:Categories
1561:Queensland
1454:Nganywyana
1413:Darkinjung
1301:Kombumerri
1212:Wanjiwalku
1198:Wandandian
1051:Malyangapa
1023:Kula/Kurnu
1009:Karenggapa
974:Himberrong
932:Gandangara
925:Gamilaraay
911:Djiringanj
890:Darkinyung
876:Bundjalung
741:Aboriginal
405:Dixon 2002
284:up to the
246:Yass River
174:Gandangara
1492:Wiradjuri
1475:Tharawal
1468:Ngunnawal
1461:Ngiyambaa
1422:(or Eora)
1350:Gorualgal
1305:Mununjali
1254:Wiradjuri
1247:Wilyakali
1149:Paaruntyi
1142:Paakantyi
1135:Ngunnawal
1128:Ngiyampaa
1093:Nari-Nari
1030:Kuringgai
785:Kuringgai
386:Koch 2102
374:Citations
274:ownership
258:Wiradjuri
165:from the
159:Ngunnawal
132:, are an
126:Ngunnawal
89:July 2021
1622:Canberra
1582:Victoria
1575:Tasmania
1520:See also
1506:Yugambeh
1396:Awabakal
1357:Jerrinja
1309:Tulgigin
1289:Yugambeh
1268:Wonnarua
1261:Wodiwodi
1184:Walbunja
1163:Tharawal
1156:Barindji
1072:Muruwari
1044:Kwiambal
1037:Kureinji
995:Jukambal
988:Jitajita
939:Geawegal
904:Djangadi
862:Bigambul
855:Bidjigal
834:Awabakal
665:(1974).
639:ABC News
584:(1904).
546:(2010).
506:(2002).
238:Canberra
210:Goulburn
148:Language
140:and the
130:Ngunawal
1420:Dharug
1364:Ngambri
1343:Gadigal
1295:Clans:
1282:Yaygirr
1240:Wiyabal
1219:Weilwan
1191:Walgalu
1121:Ngarigo
1114:Ngarbal
1107:Ngambaa
1065:Milpulo
1058:Maraura
1002:Galibal
967:Gweagal
869:Birrbay
827:Arakwal
612:2843103
496:Sources
218:Boorowa
189:Country
179:Ngarigo
119:echidna
77:improve
1499:Worimi
1378:Wangal
1275:Worimi
981:Jeithi
841:Banbai
820:Anēwan
681:
610:
520:
334:Tharwa
252:People
170:family
1170:Thaua
1100:Ngaku
897:Darug
792:Murri
778:Koori
651:(PDF)
608:JSTOR
570:(PDF)
470:(PDF)
351:Notes
62:, or
1318:Yuin
918:Eora
679:ISBN
518:ISBN
392:help
216:and
214:Yass
124:The
600:doi
212:to
1608::
1307:,
1303:,
1299:,
696:.
677:.
673:.
669:.
653:.
636:.
606:.
596:34
594:.
588:.
572:.
554:.
550:.
516:.
512:.
288:.
66:,
58:,
733:e
726:t
719:v
687:.
642:.
614:.
602::
576:.
558:.
526:.
489:.
455:.
443:.
431:.
394:)
102:)
96:(
91:)
87:(
73:.
38:.
20:)
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