542:, where the IV Corps was headquartered. The rebel colonel assured Cao that the divisional and corps transfer had taken place smoothly. Có, a central Vietnamese, was afraid that Cao, a Mekong Delta native would recognise his fake southern accent, and realise that he was impersonating Phát, another southerner. However, Cao did not notice the faked accent. When Cao was informed by his subordinates that there was a coup occurring in the capital, he believed in to be part of the false coup, as he had been told beforehand by Nhu; Cao was one of the regime's most loyal and favourites generals and he was going to help stage the second part of Nhu's plan. However, Cao did tell one regiments and a few tanks to ready themselves for the second part of the plot. Late during the night of the coup, Cao realised the coup was genuine.
590:
The division among the generals came to a head at a meeting of the junta on 26/27 August, as they blamed each other's policies and machinations for the problems. Thiệu and Có called for the replacement of Khánh with Minh, but the latter refused. Minh reportedly claimed that Khánh was the only one who would get funding from
Washington, so they supported him, prompting angry arguments as to whether Khánh was a puppet. After more arguing between the senior officers, they agreed that Khánh, Minh, and Khiệm would rule as a triumvirate for two months, until a new civilian government could be formed. However, the triumvirate did little due to their disunity. Khánh dominated the decision-making and sidelined Khiệm and Minh.
419:, the figurehead chief of state. Có came under increasing scrutiny for his exorbitant wealth and was widely seen as corrupt, while Kỳ viewed him as a political threat. In 1967 Kỳ fired Có when both men were overseas on diplomatic visits. Kỳ then organized military forces to prevent Có from flying back, effectively sending him into exile. Over time, Thiệu began to eclipse Kỳ in a power struggle, and allowed Có to return in 1970. Có then stayed out of public life, and worked in banking and business. In 1975, the communists overran the south, and after hesitating in planning his escape from South Vietnam, Có was captured by the communists, who imprisoned him in
745:
508:. This division was on the outskirts of Saigon and its stance would be critical in determining the success or failure of a coup. Exhorting the 7th Division officers to join the coup on the grounds that the Diệm regime was unable to keep the military going forward, he stated that all the generals except Cao were in the plot, while Đính was going to do so. According to one account, Đính had intended that loyalists would report Có's activities to Diệm and Nhu so that it would give him an opportunity to orchestrate a stunt to ingratiate himself with the palace and make the coup easier to carry out.
734:
1975:
721:
633:, a communist double agent. Có and the other American-preferred officers maintained a guarded approach, waiting to see what others would do, rather than boldly taking the initiative, and Thảo struck first. The Americans opposed Thảo, and with their support, Kỳ and Thi defeated the coup and then overthrew Khánh as well, becoming the most important officers in the resulting junta. In mid-1965, Air Marshal
516:Đính claimed to know nothing of Có's activities and raised his voice, vowing to have his deputy killed. Nhu opposed this and said he wanted keep Có alive to catch the plotters, and tried to use Đính to achieve this. Nhu ordered Đính to plan a fake coup against the Ngô family. One of Nhu's objectives was to trick dissidents into joining the false uprising so that they could be identified and eliminated.
598:
have the armed forces take over, removing Hương on 27 January. Khánh removed Hương in a bloodless coup with the support of Thi and Kỳ. He promised to leave politics once the situation was stabilized and hand over power to a civilian body. It was believed that some of the officers supported Khánh's increased power so that it would give him an opportunity to fail and be removed permanently.
527:, in command of the 7th Division on 31 October. According to tradition, Phát had to pay the corps commander a courtesy visit before assuming control of the division. Đính refused to see Phát and told him to come back on Friday at 14:00, by which time the real coup had already been scheduled to start. In the meantime, Đính had General
709:
years in captivity. While he was imprisoned, his wife, who had always been a housewife, took her first job, in a knitting factory to support their children. Có decided to remain in
Vietnam under communist rule after being released. In 2012, he died at his home in Ho Chi Minh City after a six-year battle with diabetes.
535:
officers—who thought the change of command was a routine matter — in a local hall. When the coup started, Có's men charged through the doors with automatic guns and arrested the officers, before taking command. He said "Please remain seated quietly. Anyone who rises will be instantly shot".
597:
introduced a series of measures to expand the military and war effort, most notably by widening the terms of conscription. This provoked widespread anti-Huong demonstrations and riots, mainly from conscription-aged students and pro-negotiations
Buddhists. Reliant on Buddhist support, Khánh decided to
708:
In 1979, Có was moved by himself to Nam Ha, where he underwent propaganda lessons and did manual labor alongside military and civilian prisoners. He was returned to Hà Tây to be reunited with the other generals. In 1983 he was moved back to Nam Ha, where he stayed until his release in 1987, after 12
660:
to Saigon. In the meantime, Kỳ made a state visit to
Australia. With Có out of the country and unable to stage a coup, and Kỳ not within striking distance in case anyone wanted to capture him, news of Có's removal was broken in Saigon on 25 January. Có expressed a desire to return to Saigon, but was
589:
In August 1964, Khánh tried to give himself more power, but this provoked strong protests and forced him to back down into a weaker position than before, and his rule became unstable as more concessions were demanded. Khánh promised to dissolve the junta and create a
National Assembly within a year.
648:
on the capital's outskirts. His wealth was believed to have come from bribes from subordinate officers who wanted postings away from danger, usually desk jobs, as well as charging up to US$ 3,400 a head for draft evaders, depending on how rich they were. Có was also accused of using his position as
610:
By this time, the U.S. relationship with Khánh had broken down, and the U.S. became more intent on a regime change as Khánh was reliant on
Buddhist support, which they saw as an obstacle to an expansion of the war. In the first week of February, Taylor told the leading officers that the US was "in
601:
Khánh's deposal of the prime minister nullified a counter-plot involving Hương which developed during the civil disorders that forced him from office. In an attempt to preempt his being deposed, Hương had backed a plot led by some Đại Việt-oriented
Catholic officers reported to include Generals Có
557:
Seeing that Diệm was lost, Cao expressed solidarity with the coup. After the coup succeeded, Có became a general in the ruling
Military Revolutionary Council (MRC). Có said that Diệm "made so many mistakes", most notably his strong preferential treatment of Roman Catholics, usually from his native
553:
to move north through Mỹ Tho towards Saigon to save Diệm but Có had already made plans to cut off any attempt by Cao to relieve Saigon. When Cao radioed the 7th
Division in Mỹ Tho, Có identified himself and taunted the corps commander, saying "Didn't you recognise my accent?". Có told the general
606:
back from
Washington. The U.S. Embassy in Saigon was privately supportive of the aim, but was not ready to fully back the move as they regarded it as poorly thought out and potentially a political embarrassment due to the need to use an American plane to transport some plotters, including Khiệm,
626:. A U.S. Defense Department report stated that Có was an "outstanding officer ... friendly to Americans". At the same time, the CIA knew that Có had become disillusioned with Khánh and had stopped attending junta meetings after Khánh accused him of "having been bought off by the Americans".
534:
With a group of his personal rebel officers, Có flew by helicopter to My Thơ, the division headquarters, to take command on the morning of the coup, 1 November. Reaching the Mekong Delta town two hours before the scheduled start of the coup, he held a ceremony for the division's incumbent
514:"This is my fault, because you have suspected me. I have not really gone to work for the last 15 days but have stayed at home because I was sad. But I am not against you. I was sad because I thought I was discredited with you. So Nguyen Huu Co profited from my absence to make trouble."
689:, about 15 km north of Saigon, which had been an ARVN training center for newly enlisted men. According to him, the conditions were good, although there were political propaganda lectures. In June 1976, he was suddenly moved by an airplane in the middle of the night to
649:
defense minister to pocket the rent collected from the American military for building U.S. bases on land rented from the Saigon government. His wife was known to be a gambling addict during his halcyon days and was reputed to have once lost US$ 8,500 in one outing.
519:Đính was put in charge of the fake coup and was allowed the additional control of the 7th Division, giving his III Corps complete encirclement of Saigon. This would prevent Cao from storming the capital to save Diệm as he had done during the
677:
and the communists took control. Có made plans to leave but hesitated and was not evacuated by the US military. He considered leaving by boat, but deemed it too risky with 11 children. In June 1975, Có was told to report to a
511:
Nhu's agents heard of the conversation and reported to the palace. When the Ngô brothers confronted with the report of what had happened in Mỹ Tho, Đính feigned astonishment at his deputy's behavior. He began crying and said
408:. Có was promoted to brigadier general after the coup, and as South Vietnam was inflicted with a cycle of coups over the next two years, he became more prominent as other generals defeated one another in power struggles.
485:. Đính was entrusted to command III Corps because the Ngô family trusted him to defend them in the face of any coup attempts. However, in late 1963, Đính began to plot against Diệm along with a group of generals.
60:
2635:
644:
Có was generally regarded as being corrupt. As a general, he had a base pay of US$ 177 monthly, but he managed to purchase three villas in Saigon and owned property estimated at US$ 600,000 near
665:. When President Thiệu sidelined Kỳ from real power, he allowed Có to return to South Vietnam in 1970. Có stayed away from politics and worked as a commercial banker and then as a businessman.
1603:
500:, and two regimental commanders, the armoured unit commander, both of the 7th Division, and the Mỹ Tho provincial chief. At that time, the 7th Division was under the control of the
460:
705:, where he was imprisoned in an Interior Ministry facility, where he was asked to write what he knew about South Vietnam's military strategies and government mechanisms.
2630:
2254:
641:
as the figurehead president. They headed a 10-man junta of which Có was a part until elections were held in 1967. Có was the Deputy Prime Minister and Defense Minister.
2165:
2591:
2269:
138:
1941:
1609:
1551:
470:
389:
2462:
2119:
2259:
1599:
1574:
652:
Có was seen as a political threat to Kỳ and a magnet for dissidents. For his part, Có deemed Kỳ to be "immature". In early 1967, Kỳ sent Có to
2093:
1270:
748:
686:
554:
that he had ordered all the ferries to the Saigon side of the Mekong River, and told Cao not to attempt to cross unless he wanted to die.
2497:
2274:
2088:
2025:
1979:
744:
267:
2264:
2249:
2144:
571:
520:
1493:
1453:
1434:
1412:
1388:
1366:
1308:
1289:
1232:
693:
in the north of the country where he was forced to perform manual labor. In 1978, he and some other ARVN generals were relocated to
372:
2432:
2640:
2620:
1750:
257:
2625:
614:
At this stage, the U.S. Embassy thought highly of three officers as possible replacements for Khánh: Thiệu, Có the commander of
2134:
2114:
378:
320:
2467:
2129:
1963:
2437:
1670:
1635:
1584:
558:
central Vietnam, at the expense of Buddhists. Diệm had generally promoted military officers on loyalty, rather than merit.
2527:
2447:
2332:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
1625:
1544:
2557:
2492:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
1873:
1853:
1775:
638:
603:
546:
497:
493:
416:
401:
171:
2517:
1858:
1640:
630:
2482:
2477:
1745:
733:
679:
594:
420:
2327:
976:
2547:
2507:
2472:
2417:
1863:
1740:
1594:
474:
466:
397:
393:
131:
2279:
1512:
456:
411:
By 1965, Có was the Deputy Prime Minister and Defense Minister in a junta headed by Prime Minister and Air Marshal
385:
351:
115:
90:
2562:
2522:
2008:
2003:
1878:
1725:
738:
528:
478:
1579:
850:
2312:
2124:
2015:
1998:
1930:
1589:
1537:
623:
615:
501:
432:
315:
119:
74:
661:
threatened with arrest and trial, and soldiers were deployed to the airport. Có spent three years in exile in
586:
had a series of short-lived juntas, including military-supervised civilian cabinets over the next 18 months.
2512:
2427:
1868:
1848:
2149:
2109:
1993:
423:
for 12 years. Có decided not to emigrate after being released and lived in Vietnam until his death in 2012.
2572:
2542:
2532:
2487:
2382:
2347:
2337:
1818:
1521:
567:
2422:
634:
412:
242:
103:
2216:
37:
in English-language text. In accordance with Vietnamese custom, this person should be referred to by the
2372:
2226:
1710:
1352:
1318:
645:
381:, rising to the rank of lieutenant general. He was prominent in several coups and juntas in the 1960s.
377:; 23 February 1925 – 3 July 2012) was a South Vietnamese soldier and politician who served in the
71:
2552:
2537:
2377:
2367:
1765:
1735:
524:
2502:
2397:
2352:
2317:
1823:
1808:
1785:
1700:
505:
2615:
2610:
1690:
629:
However, the relatively cautious Thiệu, Có and Cang's preparations were well behind those of Colonel
2567:
2457:
2452:
2407:
2387:
1843:
579:
575:
1680:
1660:
444:
368:
302:
2402:
2362:
2342:
2307:
619:
2322:
2211:
2206:
2191:
2170:
1956:
1909:
1813:
1340:
985:
855:
341:
2302:
183:
2577:
2284:
2186:
1780:
1770:
1760:
1720:
1675:
1489:
1468:
1449:
1430:
1408:
1384:
1362:
1304:
1285:
1266:
1228:
784:
607:
between Saigon and Washington. As a result, they only promised asylum for Hương if necessary.
2357:
2231:
2201:
1904:
1828:
1705:
1665:
1332:
1258:
1242:
846:
231:
215:
2392:
1833:
2221:
1715:
1695:
1560:
1516:
1323:
797:
698:
22:
1247:
1321:(1979). "Political Polarization in South Vietnam: U.S. Policy in the Post-Diem Period".
539:
1899:
1398:
1376:
1301:
Death of a Generation: how the assassinations of Diem and JFK prolonged the Vietnam War
1205:
674:
656:, ostensibly to represent the junta at a ceremony to opening direct air services from
2604:
2196:
1974:
1949:
1803:
1730:
1685:
726:
583:
690:
1914:
1894:
1446:
The Lotus Unleashed: The Buddhist Peace Movement in South Vietnam, 1964–1966
1203:
Randal, Jonathan (26 January 1967). "Saigon Government Dismisses Deputy Premier".
694:
550:
1402:
1356:
436:
489:
211:
2139:
1755:
1422:
578:, and he put several leading generals — Trần Văn Đôn, Tôn Thất Đính and
38:
1472:
1630:
662:
2412:
1485:
1482:
Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War: A Political, Social and Military History
538:
Có then telephoned Cao, further south in the Mekong Delta's largest town
440:
261:
1509:
682:
along with the vast majority of public servants and military officers.
1344:
26:
657:
653:
531:
sign a counter-order transferring command of the 7th Division to Có.
482:
405:
1336:
1263:
The Making of a Quagmire: America and Vietnam during the Kennedy Era
1529:
702:
611:
no way propping up General Khánh or backing him in any fashion".
59:
1249:
Vietnam: History, documents and opinions on a major world crisis
1945:
1533:
1282:
The suicide of an elite: American internationalists and Vietnam
465:
He was a participant in the 1963 coup that deposed President
16:
South Vietnamese military officer and politician (1925–2012)
523:. Not trusting Có, Diệm put a Catholic loyalist, Colonel
779:"South Viet Nam: Low Ky Friday". Time. 3 February 1967.
488:
As part of the generals' plot, Đính sent Colonel Có to
481:
forces that oversaw the region surrounding the capital
2636:
South Vietnamese military personnel of the Vietnam War
1448:. Lexington, Kentucky: University Press of Kentucky.
373:
1358:
Intervention: How America Became Involved in Vietnam
1303:. New York City, New York: Oxford University Press.
593:
In January 1965, the junta-appointed Prime Minister
2586:
2293:
2240:
2179:
2158:
2102:
2024:
1986:
1923:
1887:
1794:
1649:
1618:
1567:
1284:. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.
384:In 1963, Có came to prominence for his role in the
347:
337:
329:
308:
298:
293:
285:
277:
248:
238:
221:
198:
193:
177:
165:
155:
137:
125:
109:
97:
70:
50:
1427:Triumph Forsaken: The Vietnam War, 1954–1965
1246:
1227:. Crows Nest, New South Wales: Allen & Unwin.
602:and Thiệu. They planned to remove Khánh and bring
1510:Lieutenant General Nguyễn Hữu Có military profile
981:; 'Re-educated' 12 Years, An Ex-General Reflects"
431:Có was a field commander for the French-backed
396:, who was assassinated. Có's superior, General
1265:. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield.
1225:There to the Bitter End: Ted Serong in Vietnam
1957:
1545:
1429:. New York City: Cambridge University Press.
139:Minister of National Defense of South Vietnam
8:
2592:South Vietnamese military ranks and insignia
504:that was commanded by Diệm loyalist General
1964:
1950:
1942:
1552:
1538:
1530:
1331:(4). Vancouver, British Columbia: 647–73.
1253:. Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin Books.
582:— in jail, but Có was not affected.
58:
47:
1610:Arrest and assassination of Ngo Dinh Diem
912:
461:Arrest and assassination of Ngô Đình Diệm
87:1 October 1965 – 27 January 1967
2631:Army of the Republic of Vietnam generals
2120:Civilian Irregular Defense Group program
1144:
1142:
1132:
1130:
1120:
1118:
1090:
1088:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1407:. New York City: Simon & Schuster.
1060:
1058:
1056:
1037:
1035:
975:Crossette, Barbara (18 December 1987).
932:
930:
774:
772:
770:
768:
766:
762:
473:. Colonel Có was the deputy of General
151:21 June 1965 – 27 January 1967
1465:The Lost Revolution: Vietnam 1945–1965
970:
968:
966:
964:
962:
960:
841:
839:
837:
835:
833:
831:
829:
827:
825:
793:
782:
1404:Our Vietnam: the war, 1954–1975
367:
7:
851:"Coup in Saigon: A Detailed Account"
687:Quang Trung National Training Center
1585:Self-immolation of Thích Quảng Đức
637:became prime minister and General
14:
1600:1963 South Vietnamese coup d'état
1973:
1480:Tucker, Spencer C., ed. (2000).
1383:. New York City: Penguin Books.
749:Army Distinguished Service Order
743:
732:
719:
447:. He led a "groupement mobile".
400:, moved him into command of the
258:National Social Democratic Front
1280:Hatcher, Patrick Lloyd (1990).
404:to lock loyalist forces out of
379:Army of the Republic of Vietnam
321:Army of the Republic of Vietnam
75:Prime Minister of South Vietnam
1575:Huế Phật Đản (Vesak) shootings
1:
1484:. Santa Barbara, California:
1444:Topmiller, Robert J. (2006).
33:, but is often simplified to
1261:; Singal, Daniel J. (2008).
369:[ŋwiəŋ˨˩˦hɨw˨˩˦kɔ˦˥]
669:Imprisonment and later life
2657:
457:1963 South Vietnamese coup
454:
352:1963 South Vietnamese coup
20:
1980:Military of South Vietnam
1636:Krulak–Mendenhall mission
1467:. London: André Deutsch.
1073:Moyar (2004), pp. 774–75.
1015:Moyar (2004), pp. 760–64.
739:National Order of Vietnam
685:Có was initially held at
357:
189:
144:
80:
66:
57:
1931:Persecution of Buddhists
1590:Double Seven Day scuffle
1515:20 November 2008 at the
1463:Shaplen, Robert (1966).
1361:. New York City: Knopf.
979:Ho Chi Minh City Journal
624:Republic of Vietnam Navy
433:Vietnamese National Army
316:Vietnamese National Army
2641:Diabetes-related deaths
2621:Vietnamese evangelicals
2150:Combined Action Program
1641:McNamara–Taylor mission
1223:Blair, Anne E. (2001).
566:The MRC led by General
214:, Tiền Giang Province,
1522:Nguyễn Hữu Có obituary
1299:Jones, Howard (2003).
1041:Moyar (2006), p. 318.
713:Awards and decorations
2463:Nguyễn Phước Vĩnh Lộc
1711:Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.
1184:Langguth, pp. 346–47.
1082:Moyar (2006), p. 775.
1029:Moyar (2004), p. 762.
646:Tan Son Nhut Air Base
392:Vietnam's president,
330:Years of service
89:Serving with
1580:Hue chemical attacks
1243:Gettleman, Marvin E.
1166:Shaplen, pp. 310–12.
1006:Shaplen, pp. 228–34.
924:Hatcher, pp. 145–46.
819:Blair (2001), p. 56.
701:east of the capital
477:, who commanded the
435:that fought against
262:Big tent affiliation
1681:W. Averell Harriman
1595:Xá Lợi Pagoda raids
1157:Kahin, pp. 298–302.
903:Karnow, pp. 307–22.
849:(6 November 1963).
810:Halberstam, p. 181.
622:, Commander of the
496:commander, Colonel
445:First Indochina War
303:Republic of Vietnam
2626:People from Mỹ Tho
2587:Ranks and insignia
2145:Presidential Guard
1910:Marguerite Higgins
1381:Vietnam: A history
1353:Kahin, George McT.
1319:Kahin, George McT.
1112:Kahin, pp. 294–96.
1103:Kahin, pp. 255–60.
1050:Kahin, pp. 229–30.
986:The New York Times
915:, pp. 280–82.
894:Jones, pp. 398–99.
856:The New York Times
673:On 30 April 1975,
421:re-education camps
342:Lieutenant general
2598:
2597:
2508:Nguyễn Viết Thanh
2468:Nguyễn Trọng Luật
2159:ARVN Sub-branches
1939:
1938:
1781:William Trueheart
1771:Maxwell D. Taylor
1761:Frederick Nolting
1751:Nguyễn Đình Thuận
1721:Joseph Mendenhall
1676:Michael Forrestal
1272:978-0-7425-6007-9
1259:Halberstam, David
1064:Kahin, pp. 267–69
847:Halberstam, David
792:Missing or empty
737:Commander of the
680:re-education camp
572:January 1964 coup
570:was deposed in a
521:1960 coup attempt
469:and ended in his
374:ng'weeng-heew-koh
361:
360:
2648:
2558:Trần Thiện Khiêm
2553:Trần Thanh Phong
2538:Phan Trọng Chinh
2513:Nguyễn Vĩnh Nghi
2493:Nguyễn Văn Thiệu
2473:Nguyễn Văn Chuân
2433:Nguyễn Đức Thắng
2428:Nguyễn Chánh Thi
2418:Ngô Quang Trưởng
1978:
1977:
1966:
1959:
1952:
1943:
1905:David Halberstam
1874:Trần Thiện Khiêm
1854:Nguyễn Văn Thiệu
1849:Nguyễn Văn Nhung
1706:Victor H. Krulak
1701:Thich Tinh Khiet
1626:Joint Communiqué
1554:
1547:
1540:
1531:
1526:
1499:
1476:
1459:
1440:
1418:
1394:
1372:
1348:
1314:
1295:
1276:
1254:
1252:
1238:
1211:
1210:
1200:
1194:
1191:
1185:
1182:
1176:
1173:
1167:
1164:
1158:
1155:
1149:
1146:
1137:
1134:
1125:
1122:
1113:
1110:
1104:
1101:
1095:
1092:
1083:
1080:
1074:
1071:
1065:
1062:
1051:
1048:
1042:
1039:
1030:
1027:
1016:
1013:
1007:
1004:
998:
997:
995:
993:
972:
955:
952:
946:
943:
937:
934:
925:
922:
916:
910:
904:
901:
895:
892:
886:
883:
877:
874:
868:
867:
865:
863:
843:
820:
817:
811:
808:
802:
801:
795:
790:
788:
780:
776:
747:
736:
725:
723:
722:
417:Nguyễn Văn Thiệu
371:
294:Military service
232:Ho Chi Minh City
228:
216:French Indochina
209:23 February 1925
208:
206:
194:Personal details
180:
172:Nguyễn Văn Thiệu
168:
158:
149:
128:
112:
100:
85:
62:
48:
2656:
2655:
2651:
2650:
2649:
2647:
2646:
2645:
2601:
2600:
2599:
2594:
2582:
2573:Trần Quang Khôi
2543:Phan Xuân Nhuận
2528:Phạm Quốc Thuần
2498:Nguyễn Văn Toàn
2488:Nguyễn Văn Minh
2483:Nguyễn Văn Mạnh
2478:Nguyễn Văn Hiếu
2458:Nguyễn Khoa Nam
2448:Nguyễn Hữu Hạnh
2438:Nguyễn Hợp Đoàn
2378:Lê Nguyên Khang
2295:
2289:
2242:
2236:
2175:
2154:
2135:Regional Forces
2098:
2020:
1982:
1972:
1970:
1940:
1935:
1919:
1883:
1796:
1790:
1776:Trần Văn Chương
1766:Thích Trí Quang
1746:Nguyễn Ngọc Thơ
1716:Robert McNamara
1696:John F. Kennedy
1691:Thich Thien Hoa
1671:Thích Quảng Đức
1653:
1651:
1645:
1614:
1563:
1561:Buddhist crisis
1558:
1525:(in Vietnamese)
1524:
1517:Wayback Machine
1506:
1496:
1479:
1462:
1456:
1443:
1437:
1421:
1415:
1399:Langguth, A. J.
1397:
1391:
1377:Karnow, Stanley
1375:
1369:
1351:
1337:10.2307/2757066
1324:Pacific Affairs
1317:
1311:
1298:
1292:
1279:
1273:
1257:
1241:
1235:
1222:
1219:
1214:
1202:
1201:
1197:
1193:Karnow, p. 457.
1192:
1188:
1183:
1179:
1174:
1170:
1165:
1161:
1156:
1152:
1148:Kahin, p. 299.
1147:
1140:
1135:
1128:
1124:Kahin, p. 298.
1123:
1116:
1111:
1107:
1102:
1098:
1093:
1086:
1081:
1077:
1072:
1068:
1063:
1054:
1049:
1045:
1040:
1033:
1028:
1019:
1014:
1010:
1005:
1001:
991:
989:
974:
973:
958:
953:
949:
944:
940:
936:Karnow, p. 321.
935:
928:
923:
919:
911:
907:
902:
898:
893:
889:
884:
880:
875:
871:
861:
859:
845:
844:
823:
818:
814:
809:
805:
791:
781:
778:
777:
764:
760:
720:
718:
715:
699:Red River Delta
671:
564:
492:to talk to the
463:
453:
429:
333:1943–1967
325:
273:
250:
249:Other political
239:Political party
230:
226:
210:
204:
202:
178:
166:
156:
150:
145:
126:
118:
110:
98:
93:
91:Nguyễn Lưu Viên
86:
81:
53:
46:
23:Vietnamese name
17:
12:
11:
5:
2654:
2652:
2644:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2603:
2602:
2596:
2595:
2590:
2588:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2518:Phạm Ngọc Thảo
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2348:Hoàng Xuân Lãm
2345:
2340:
2338:Dương Văn Minh
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2313:Đặng Văn Quang
2310:
2308:Chung Tấn Cang
2305:
2299:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2270:September 1964
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2246:
2244:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2183:
2181:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2166:Special Forces
2162:
2160:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2130:Popular Forces
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2030:
2028:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2018:
2013:
2012:
2011:
2001:
1996:
1990:
1988:
1984:
1983:
1971:
1969:
1968:
1961:
1954:
1946:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1933:
1927:
1925:
1921:
1920:
1918:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1900:Malcolm Browne
1897:
1891:
1889:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1869:Trần Kim Tuyến
1866:
1861:
1859:Phạm Ngọc Thảo
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1819:Dương Văn Minh
1816:
1811:
1806:
1800:
1798:
1792:
1791:
1789:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1657:
1655:
1647:
1646:
1644:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1622:
1620:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1612:
1607:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1571:
1569:
1565:
1564:
1559:
1557:
1556:
1549:
1542:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1519:
1505:
1504:External links
1502:
1501:
1500:
1494:
1477:
1460:
1454:
1441:
1435:
1419:
1413:
1395:
1389:
1373:
1367:
1349:
1315:
1309:
1296:
1290:
1277:
1271:
1255:
1239:
1233:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1212:
1206:New York Times
1195:
1186:
1177:
1175:Kahin, p. 303.
1168:
1159:
1150:
1138:
1136:Kahin, p. 512.
1126:
1114:
1105:
1096:
1094:Kahin, p. 297.
1084:
1075:
1066:
1052:
1043:
1031:
1017:
1008:
999:
956:
954:Jones, p. 409.
947:
945:Moyar, p. 270.
938:
926:
917:
913:Gettleman 1966
905:
896:
887:
885:Moyar, p. 265.
878:
876:Jones, p. 399.
869:
821:
812:
803:
761:
759:
756:
755:
754:
753:
752:
741:
714:
711:
670:
667:
631:Phạm Ngọc Thảo
620:Chung Tấn Cang
595:Trần Văn Hương
568:Dương Văn Minh
563:
560:
549:under Colonel
452:
451:Diem overthrow
449:
428:
425:
359:
358:
355:
354:
349:
345:
344:
339:
335:
334:
331:
327:
326:
324:
323:
318:
312:
310:
309:Branch/service
306:
305:
300:
296:
295:
291:
290:
287:
283:
282:
281:Nguyễn Thị Tín
279:
275:
274:
272:
271:
265:
254:
252:
246:
245:
240:
236:
235:
229:(aged 87)
223:
219:
218:
200:
196:
195:
191:
190:
187:
186:
181:
175:
174:
169:
163:
162:
159:
157:Prime Minister
153:
152:
142:
141:
135:
134:
129:
123:
122:
120:Trần Văn Tuyên
113:
107:
106:
101:
99:Prime Minister
95:
94:
88:
78:
77:
68:
67:
64:
63:
55:
54:
51:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2653:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2593:
2589:
2585:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2548:Tôn Thất Đính
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2523:Phạm Phú Quốc
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2503:Nguyễn Văn Vy
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2443:Nguyễn Hữu Có
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2423:Nguyễn Cao Kỳ
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2363:Lâm Quang Thơ
2361:
2359:
2358:Lâm Quang Thi
2356:
2354:
2353:Huỳnh Văn Cao
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2343:Hoàng Cơ Minh
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2333:Dương Văn Đức
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2292:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2275:December 1964
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2247:
2245:
2241:Coup attempts
2239:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2178:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2157:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2101:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2023:
2017:
2014:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1976:
1967:
1962:
1960:
1955:
1953:
1948:
1947:
1944:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1922:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1886:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1864:Tôn Thất Đính
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1839:Nguyễn Hữu Có
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1829:Lê Quang Tung
1827:
1825:
1824:Huỳnh Văn Cao
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1804:Lucien Conein
1802:
1801:
1799:
1793:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1741:Ngô Đình Thục
1739:
1737:
1736:Ngô Đình Nhu
1734:
1732:
1731:Ngô Đình Diệm
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1686:Roger Hilsman
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1661:Bui Van Luong
1659:
1658:
1656:
1648:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1617:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1555:
1550:
1548:
1543:
1541:
1536:
1535:
1532:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1503:
1497:
1495:1-57607-040-9
1491:
1487:
1483:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1461:
1457:
1455:0-8131-9166-1
1451:
1447:
1442:
1438:
1436:0-521-86911-0
1432:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1414:0-684-81202-9
1410:
1406:
1405:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1390:0-670-84218-4
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1368:0-394-54367-X
1364:
1360:
1359:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1325:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1310:0-19-505286-2
1306:
1302:
1297:
1293:
1291:0-8047-1736-2
1287:
1283:
1278:
1274:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1251:
1250:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1234:1-86508-468-9
1230:
1226:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1208:
1207:
1199:
1196:
1190:
1187:
1181:
1178:
1172:
1169:
1163:
1160:
1154:
1151:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1133:
1131:
1127:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1109:
1106:
1100:
1097:
1091:
1089:
1085:
1079:
1076:
1070:
1067:
1061:
1059:
1057:
1053:
1047:
1044:
1038:
1036:
1032:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1018:
1012:
1009:
1003:
1000:
988:
987:
982:
980:
971:
969:
967:
965:
963:
961:
957:
951:
948:
942:
939:
933:
931:
927:
921:
918:
914:
909:
906:
900:
897:
891:
888:
882:
879:
873:
870:
858:
857:
852:
848:
842:
840:
838:
836:
834:
832:
830:
828:
826:
822:
816:
813:
807:
804:
799:
786:
775:
773:
771:
769:
767:
763:
757:
751:, First Class
750:
746:
742:
740:
735:
731:
730:
728:
727:South Vietnam
717:
716:
712:
710:
706:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
683:
681:
676:
668:
666:
664:
659:
655:
650:
647:
642:
640:
636:
635:Nguyễn Cao Kỳ
632:
627:
625:
621:
617:
612:
608:
605:
599:
596:
591:
587:
585:
584:South Vietnam
581:
577:
573:
569:
561:
559:
555:
552:
548:
543:
541:
536:
532:
530:
526:
522:
517:
515:
509:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
486:
484:
480:
476:
475:Tôn Thất Đính
472:
471:assassination
468:
467:Ngô Đình Diệm
462:
458:
450:
448:
446:
442:
438:
434:
426:
424:
422:
418:
414:
413:Nguyễn Cao Kỳ
409:
407:
403:
399:
398:Tôn Thất Đính
395:
394:Ngô Đình Diệm
391:
387:
386:November coup
382:
380:
376:
375:
370:
365:
364:Nguyễn Hữu Có
356:
353:
350:
346:
343:
340:
336:
332:
328:
322:
319:
317:
314:
313:
311:
307:
304:
301:
297:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
269:
266:
264:; until 1975)
263:
259:
256:
255:
253:
247:
244:
241:
237:
233:
224:
220:
217:
213:
201:
197:
192:
188:
185:
182:
176:
173:
170:
164:
161:Nguyễn Cao Kỳ
160:
154:
148:
143:
140:
136:
133:
132:Phạm Đăng Lâm
130:
124:
121:
117:
114:
108:
105:
104:Nguyễn Cao Kỳ
102:
96:
92:
84:
79:
76:
73:
69:
65:
61:
56:
52:Nguyễn Hữu Có
49:
44:
40:
36:
32:
28:
24:
19:
2568:Trần Văn Hai
2563:Trần Văn Đôn
2533:Phạm Văn Phú
2453:Nguyễn Khánh
2442:
2408:Mai Hữu Xuân
2383:Lê Nguyên Vỹ
2368:Lâm Văn Phát
2328:Dư Quốc Đống
2303:Cao Văn Viên
2265:January 1964
2243:and mutinies
2227:Tan Son Nhut
1915:Neil Sheehan
1895:Peter Arnett
1879:Trần Văn Đôn
1844:Nguyễn Khánh
1838:
1726:Ngô Đình Cẩn
1650:Political or
1481:
1464:
1445:
1426:
1403:
1380:
1357:
1328:
1322:
1300:
1281:
1262:
1248:
1224:
1209:. p. 3.
1204:
1198:
1189:
1180:
1171:
1162:
1153:
1108:
1099:
1078:
1069:
1046:
1011:
1002:
990:. Retrieved
984:
978:
950:
941:
920:
908:
899:
890:
881:
872:
860:. Retrieved
854:
815:
806:
707:
684:
672:
651:
643:
628:
618:and Admiral
613:
609:
600:
592:
588:
580:Mai Hữu Xuân
576:Nguyễn Khánh
565:
556:
547:9th Division
545:He sent the
544:
537:
533:
529:Trần Văn Đôn
525:Lâm Văn Phát
518:
513:
510:
498:Bùi Đình Đạm
494:7th Division
487:
464:
430:
427:Early career
415:and General
410:
402:7th Division
383:
363:
362:
348:Battles/wars
251:affiliations
227:(2012-07-03)
184:Cao Văn Viên
179:Succeeded by
146:
127:Succeeded by
82:
42:
34:
30:
18:
2616:2012 deaths
2611:1925 births
2578:Vũ Văn Giai
2398:Lữ Mộng Lan
2388:Lê Văn Hưng
2373:Lê Minh Đảo
1888:Journalists
1423:Moyar, Mark
675:Saigon fell
574:by General
443:during the
437:Hồ Chí Minh
270:(1963–1967)
243:Independent
225:3 July 2012
167:Preceded by
116:Trần Văn Đỗ
111:Preceded by
2605:Categories
2403:Lý Tòng Bá
2393:Lê Văn Kim
2318:Đỗ Cao Trí
2140:Junk Force
1834:Lê Văn Kim
1809:Đỗ Cao Trí
1786:Vũ Văn Mẫu
1756:Madame Nhu
1217:References
862:29 October
794:|url=
455:See also:
299:Allegiance
205:1925-02-23
39:given name
2212:Phan Rang
2207:Nha Trang
2192:Binh Thuy
2180:Air bases
2110:Air Force
2026:Divisions
1652:religious
1631:Cable 243
1473:460367485
697:, in the
663:Hong Kong
551:Bùi Dzinh
479:III Corps
441:Việt Minh
234:, Vietnam
147:In office
83:In office
2296:officers
2197:Cam Ranh
2187:Bien Hoa
2103:Branches
2094:Airborne
1795:Military
1604:reaction
1513:Archived
1486:ABC-CLIO
1425:(2006).
1401:(2000).
1379:(1997).
1355:(1986).
1245:(1966).
785:cite web
729: :
616:II Corps
502:IV Corps
286:Children
268:Military
21:In this
2294:Notable
2232:Tuy Hoa
2217:Phù Cát
2202:Da Nang
2171:Rangers
1924:Related
1797:figures
1666:Bửu Hội
1654:figures
1345:2757066
992:14 July
691:Yên Bái
540:Cần Thơ
390:deposed
27:surname
2413:Ngô Du
2323:Đỗ Mậu
2222:Pleiku
2089:Marine
1814:Đỗ Mậu
1619:Policy
1568:Events
1492:
1471:
1452:
1433:
1411:
1387:
1365:
1343:
1307:
1288:
1269:
1231:
724:
695:Hà Tây
658:Taipei
654:Taiwan
490:Mỹ Tho
483:Saigon
406:Saigon
278:Spouse
212:Mỹ Tho
72:Deputy
35:Nguyen
31:Nguyễn
25:, the
1987:Corps
1341:JSTOR
758:Notes
703:Hanoi
639:Thiệu
604:Khiệm
562:Junta
388:that
2285:1966
2280:1965
2260:1963
2255:1962
2250:1960
2125:Navy
2115:Army
1490:ISBN
1469:OCLC
1450:ISBN
1431:ISBN
1409:ISBN
1385:ISBN
1363:ISBN
1305:ISBN
1286:ISBN
1267:ISBN
1229:ISBN
994:2010
864:2009
798:help
459:and
338:Rank
222:Died
199:Born
2009:CMD
2004:III
1333:doi
506:Cao
439:'s
29:is
2607::
2084:25
2079:23
2074:22
2069:21
2064:18
2016:IV
1999:II
1488:.
1339:.
1329:52
1327:.
1141:^
1129:^
1117:^
1087:^
1055:^
1034:^
1020:^
983:.
959:^
929:^
853:.
824:^
789::
787:}}
783:{{
765:^
289:12
43:Có
41:,
2059:9
2054:7
2049:5
2044:3
2039:2
2034:1
1994:I
1965:e
1958:t
1951:v
1606:)
1602:(
1553:e
1546:t
1539:v
1498:.
1475:.
1458:.
1439:.
1417:.
1393:.
1371:.
1347:.
1335::
1313:.
1294:.
1275:.
1237:.
996:.
977:"
866:.
800:)
796:(
366:(
260:(
207:)
203:(
45:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.