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travelled to
Holland and he and Boerhaave stimulated Kruik to keep systematic observations in the belief that climate changes had an effect on public health. Kruik started to travel the various beaches and rivers in the Netherlands and study the water levels while continuing his map-making work. On
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a reprint of the "Hoogheemraadschap van
Rijnland" (Dutch Waterboard agency) archive of the observations of Nicolaas Cruquius with a foreword by Harry Geurts of the Dutch Meteorological Institute KNMI, by Nicolaas Cruquius & Harry Geurts, Van Wijnen, Franeker,
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An eccentric man, Kruik wrote music, and had an obsessive need to measure things. This need included measuring his own weight and amount of urine daily. According to contemporary accounts, only
Boerhaave could successfully work with him.
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institute. He not only measured weather changes in wind speed, rainfall, air pressure, temperature, and humidity, but also measured sea level. His method of visualising planes of water level to illustrate contours of depth
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a few years after he was born and it is there in 1705 that he started his first weather observations. In 1717 at the age of 39, though firmly established as a respected surveyor, he moved to the family farm in
192:, at that time the most famous scientist in the Netherlands. He signed himself in as "Krukius, medical student, born in Delft". Thanks to Boerhaave, Kruik became a member of the
200:, started the first European network of meteorological weather stations, and the Dutch members played a large part. Kruik was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1724.
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Historische weerkundige waarnemingen, A.F.V. van
Engelen en H.A.M. Geurts, Nicolaus Cruquius (1678–1754) and his meteorological observations, De Bilt, 1985
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Diagram showing the distance of the planets to the earth in 1732, also showing a complete lunar eclipse and a partial solar eclipse in that year
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He became a surveyor at the age of 19 and began to draw maps, a lucrative job in his day. Though born in
Vlieland, he moved to
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to create a water defense plan in 1727. It was this unified water plan that in turn led to the creation of
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In een opslag van het oog: de
Hollandse rivierkartografie en waterstaatszorg in opkomst, 1725–1754
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He was a perfectionist who liked to measure things and he calculated temperature measurements in
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after his first publications of maps and measurements. In 1725 he wrote a famous letter to
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with measurements three times daily of temperature, air pressure, humidity, and rainfall.
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these trips he was sometimes accompanied by
Boerhaave and Marsigli. While studying the
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355:"The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Archive Resource entry for Cruquius; Nicolaus"
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Het oudste weerboekje van
Nederland: de weerwaarnemingen van Nicolaas Cruquius
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from 1706 to 1734. His historical calculations are still used today by the
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343:. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 781.
317:. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 630.
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151:(1728) was the first of its kind. He was an advocate of pumping out the
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Link with historical information about
Cruquius (retrieved dec 2007)
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inspector, who started the earliest continuous weather station in
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bij pumping the
Haarlem lake dry more than a century later.
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It was at this time that Kruik changed his name to the Latin
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155:(Haarlem lake), which was done a century after his death.
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409:Dutch Meteorological Institute (KNMI) website
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171:where Cruquius lived and worked in Spaarndam
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184:outside Leiden and chose to study in
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265:In 1733 he became a member of the '
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470:18th-century Dutch cartographers
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465:18th-century Dutch astronomers
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440:Fellows of the Royal Society
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404:Museum De Cruquius website
267:Hoogheemraadschap Rijnland
105:Nicolaus Samuelis Cruquius
97:Nicolaas Samuelszoon Kruik
205:Luigi Ferdinando Marsigli
460:Leiden University alumni
18:Nicolaus Samuel Cruquius
340:Encyclopædia Britannica
314:Encyclopædia Britannica
194:Royal Society of London
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111:– 5 February 1754 in
107:; 2 December 1678 in
450:People from Vlieland
445:Dutch meteorologists
382:Paul van den Brink,
334:"Haarlem Lake"
244:Willem 's Gravesande
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167:Rijnlandshuis, the
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125:Museum De Cruquius
455:People from Delft
203:In 1721 and 1723
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248:United Provinces
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190:Herman Boerhaave
121:Nicolaes Krukius
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70:, Dutch Republic
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362:. Retrieved
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138:, the Dutch
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84:cartographer
62:(1754-02-05)
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435:1754 deaths
430:1678 births
308:"Map"
226:map of the
224: 1730
198:James Jurin
117:Klaas Kruik
424:Categories
377:References
279:Zwanenburg
132:Fahrenheit
88:astronomer
271:Spaarndam
182:Rijnsburg
159:Biography
113:Spaarndam
68:Spaarndam
240:Cruquius
232:isobaths
219:Kruik's
145:isobaths
80:surveyor
275:Halfweg
228:Merwede
210:Merwede
149:Merwede
364:9 June
188:under
186:Leiden
393:2006.
289:Notes
177:Delft
101:Latin
366:2013
136:KNMI
119:and
57:Died
39:Born
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