394:, off the western tip of South Georgia, and continued this research for several years. Bonner had visited Bird Island in 1956, and was possibly the first biologist to do so since 1936. There, he documented evidence of the recovery of the population of fur seals, due to protective legislation. Bonner's wife, Jennifer and their young son joined him, at one point, for a 12 day stay. He continued to visit the island, through 1962. As a culmination of his work, in 1968 he published a highly respected monograph, which was the "first modern scientific study of the species"; at the time of his death in 1994, it was still referred to and quoted. While living on South Georgia, Bonner and his family were befriended by whalers, and learned to speak Norwegian. Bonner gained "a deep knowledge of South Georgia and its whaling industry."
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with implementing a wildlife management plan, which was intended to rescue the elephant seals. Their population had suffered from years of over-hunting. By working closely with the
Norwegian sealers, and travelling from beach to beach, he became very familiar with South Georgia. During this time, he tagged elephant seals, and organized collections of their teeth, to track the ages of the seals. Through his work with the sealers, the industry was transformed into a "rational sustained-yield management of a natural resource."
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contaminating the soil with heavy fuel oil and attracting elephant seals, who rolled in these sun-warmed areas and became coated in oil. Funds were provided, and in 1991, Bonner organized a clean-up team, who removed 3000 tonnes of heavy fuel oil, in addition to asbestos and fibreglass insulation, lead-acid batteries and 75 tonnes of concentrated sulphuric acid.
276:. During this time, he was lodged with a slaughterman, which may have contributed to his later "matter of fact" approach to collecting large animals for scientific research. While in Wisbech he showed an early interest in natural history, by collecting beetles. This interest was supported by one of his schoolmasters,
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In 1974, he was appointed as head of the Life
Sciences Division of the British Antarctic Survey. He was appointed as deputy director in 1986, and served in this position until his retirement in 1988. During his time at BAS, he was invited to lecture at the College of Fisheries in Seattle, Washington.
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of South
Georgia island. Beginning in the early 20th century, as South Georgia was growing into the world's largest whaling centre, reindeer from Norway were released on the island. They were intended to provide fresh meat to whalers and for recreational hunting. By following the deer, and collecting
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Beginning in early 1957, Bonner spent several years in the
Antarctic. His initial one-year contract became a six-year contract. His wife and son joined him and lived on South Georgia for two and half years, between 1958 and 1961. In addition to his initial research on elephant seals, he had begun to
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Bonner met
Jennifer Sachs during his studies at University College London. In August 1955 they married at Hampstead Registry Office. Between 1958 and 1961, Jennifer and their infant son lived with Bonner on South Georgia Island. The couple learned to speak Norwegian from their friends amongst the
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After processing his elephant seal research materials in
England, Bonner returned to South Georgia in 1956, where he was employed as a biologist and sealing inspector by the Government of the Falkland Islands, who held administrative jurisdiction over the territory at the time. Bonner was charged
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William Nigel Bonner, known as Nigel, was born in London in 1928. He was the child of
Frederick John Bonner and Constance Emily (née Hatch) Bonner. His father, an Indian Army veteran, died in 1931. Constance was left to raise three-year-old Nigel and his older brother, five-year-old Gerald, on a
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to supervise a team of marine engineers, who were charged with evaluating and reporting on the environmental hazards. After the whaling industry ended on the island in 1965, the station buildings, with their large stores of diesel fuel were often scavenged by boat crews. Leaking tanks were
365:, working with Richard John Harrison, to process and publish the results of his research. The publication provided reproductive biologists with new information regarding elephant seals, and was accompanied by photographs that he made, despite the primitive and difficult field conditions.
444:(SCAR) from 1974 to 1992, which addressed conservation issues within the Antarctic environment. Bonner was chosen as convenor of the newly-formed Group of Specialists on Environmental Affairs and Conservation (GOSEAC) in 1989 and continued to serve in this capacity through 1992.
353:, where they set up their base in a garden shed. For the following fifteen months, between 1953-1955, Bonner (and Stonehouse) worked for the Falkland Islands' Dependencies Survey, later known as the British Antarctic Survey. Bonner collected specimens from the
554:, in recognition of his achievements in the Antarctic. It is awarded to those who have "personally made conspicuous contributions to the knowledge of Polar regions" and for having "undergone the hazards and rigours imposed by the Polar environment."
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After his retirement from the
British Antarctic Survey, he periodically returned to South Georgia, beginning in 1989, and worked to clear environmental hazards associated with the now-deserted, and frequently vandalized whaling stations.
505:, about the founding of the South Georgia Museum. During the first six weeks after the museum opened, and despite its remote location, 480 people had viewed the various exhibits. Noting that the visitors had been impressed, he said:
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191:(15 February 1928 – 27 August 1994) was a British zoologist, Antarctic marine mammal specialist, author and ecologist. The topics of his books and scientific publications included marine animals, reindeer and the ecology of the
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seven stags, Bonner established their food source as tussock grass, not lichens, as had been previously thought. His 1958 monograph on the reindeer remained the sole source of information for many years.
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If this causes them to think a little more deeply about the whaling industry, the management of natural resources, and the society of whalers, I think we shall have achieved our objective.
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Due to his early interest in beetles, Bonner had planned to pursue entomological studies in East Africa. Instead, he travelled to
Antarctica in 1953, with a friend from college
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After leaving the Army, he worked as a lab technician, and then studied biology at the
Polytechnic of North London, as preparation for further education. In 1950, he entered
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for two terms. The first was from 1985 to 1991. His second term began in 1993 and ended with his death in 1994. Bonner was the recipient of the Society's Silver Medal.
218:, which was the "first modern study of the species". At the time of his death in 1994, it was still referred to and quoted. He also conducted the first research on the
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Also in 1991, with financial support from the South Georgia government, Bonner and his team renovated and restored the manager's house (Villa) at
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that lived on South Georgia. His 1958 monograph on the reindeer remained the sole source of information for many years.
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After retirement, Bonner was a leader in the environmental reclamation of South Georgia, and worked to establish the
1203:"Lecture to the Kendall Whaling Museum on the beginnings of South Georgia Museum by Nigel Bonner, 16th October 1993"
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Hardy, Daniel W (2000). "Gerald Bonner: an appreciation". In Dodaro, Robert; Lawless, George (eds.).
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Following in his elder brother's footsteps, he also received a County Scholarship to the
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from 1974 to 1986, and served as deputy director from 1986 to 1988. Bonner received the
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709:. 1985. Cambridge: Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research, (with R.I. Lewis Smith)
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was over. In 1947, he was commissioned into the Royal Artillery, and stationed on the
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Study of Antarctic fur seals - marine mammals - introduced reindeer - marine ecology
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Reproductive Organs of Fœtal and Juvenile Elephant Seals. Nature176, 982–983 (1955)
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in the British Antarctic Territory. created in 1996–1997, was named in his honour.
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as a zoology lecturer, from 1962 through 1967, and then became the director of the
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Nigel Bonner suffered a heart attack on 27 August 1994 and died at his home in
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in Hornsey, where he was educated. In 1939, the school was evacuated to
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1084:"Translocation of reindeer from South Georgia to the Falkland Islands"
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1958. Cambridge: British Antarctic Survey (BAS Scientific Report 56)
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1958. Cambridge: British Antarctic Survey (BAS Scientific Report 22)
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670:"Antarctic science and conservation — The historical background"
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1065:"Reproductive Organs of Fortaleza and Juvenile Elephant Seals"
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Later in their lives, Nigel became a respected zoologist, and
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whalers. The local Norwegian blacksmith became an unofficial
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Augustine and His Critics: Essays in Honour of Gerald Bonner
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Nigel Bonner, lecture to the Kendall Whaling Museum, 1993
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on the Antarctic Peninsula is named in his honour, as is
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Exploitation and Conservation of Seals in South Georgia
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Oryx. 4 (6): 373–380. via Cambridge University Press.
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The series of lectures he presented led to his book,
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Bell, Cameron M. & Dieterich, Robert A. (2010).
922:"Passing of Prof. Gerald Bonner – Durham University"
703:. 1985. Oxford: Pergamon Press, (with D.W.H. Walton)
665:, Volume 21, Issue 1-2, January 1984, Pages 177–184,
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Bonner chaired the Conservation Subcommittee of the
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Antarctic fur seal at St. Andrews Bay, South Georgia
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Zoology, Antarctic marine mammals, Antarctic ecology
497:In October 1993, Bonner presented a lecture at the
361:. Returning to England in 1955, he spent a year at
261:became a noted Early Church historian and scholar.
203:in 1987, in recognition of his work in Antarctica.
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697:. 1980. London: Academic Press. (with R.J. Berry)
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727:. 1982. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
1392:Publications list, via British Antarctic Survey
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599:, at Larsen Harbour, South Georgia, where the
206:Bonner was recognized for his research on the
195:. He headed the Life Sciences Division of the
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679:"Environmental Assessment in the Antarctic."
302:to study special zoology. Here, Bonner met
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442:Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research
163:Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research
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663:Biological Journal of the Linnean Society
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280:. The school returned to London in 1942.
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672:Environment International / 13 pp 19–25
639:The Introduced Reindeer of South Georgia
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725:Seals and Man: a study of interactions
493:Grytviken South Georgia Museum in 1992
435:Seals and Man: a study of interactions
341:Setting forth on a whaling transport,
322:Male southern elephant seals in combat
1315:"Bonner Laboratory and dive facility"
1125:"The Environmental Years (1988–97)".
867:"BONNER, (WILLIAM) NIGEL 1928 – 1994"
770:List of recipients of the Polar Medal
531:, or grandfather, to the little boy.
334:, where Stonehouse intended to study
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1234:from the original on 6 November 2020
932:from the original on 21 January 2017
546:Professional affiliations and awards
415:Natural Environment Research Council
159:Natural Environment Research Council
1412:Alumni of University College London
1355:from the original on 3 October 2020
1295:from the original on 3 October 2020
1180:from the original on 3 October 2020
984:Laws, Richard M. (3 January 1995).
707:Conservation areas in the Antarctic
283:By the time he joined the Army for
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1024:from the original on 16 June 2018
877:from the original on 26 July 2020
733:. 1989. London: Christopher Helm.
668:Bonner, W. Nigel. (January 1987)
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800:"WILLIAM NIGEL BONNER 1928–1994"
737:Seals and Sea Lions of the World
739:. 1994. London: Blandford Press
721:. 1989. London: Blandford Press
715:. 1980. Poole: Blandford Press.
1345:"South Georgia Museum History"
1267:"Society for Marine Mammalogy"
798:Laws, Richard (October 1995).
660:Seals of the Galapagos Islands
580:. He was also a Fellow of the
463:Commissioner for South Georgia
427:Conservation of Seals Act 1970
363:London Hospital Medical School
330:, on a research expedition to
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1427:Recipients of the Polar Medal
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646:The Fur Seal of South Georgia
606:The Bonner laboratory at the
1432:British Antarctic scientists
1271:Society for Marine Mammalogy
871:www.falklandsbiographies.org
731:The Natural History of Seals
566:Zoological Society of London
557:Bonner was president of the
461:Bonner was appointed by the
266:Stationers' Company's School
1447:20th-century British people
701:Key environments–Antarctica
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540:Bird Island, South Georgia
272:for several years, due to
1010:10.1017/S0032247400024888
651:Bonner, W. Nigel. (1958)
582:Linnean Society of London
550:In 1987, he received the
399:reindeer in South Georgia
314:Initial work in Antarctic
300:University College London
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97:University College London
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1437:British Antarctic Survey
695:Ecology of the Antarctic
684:18, no. 1 (1989): 83-89.
608:Rothera Research Station
254:schoolteacher's salary.
249:Early life and education
231:Rothera Research Station
197:British Antarctic Survey
155:British Antarctic Survey
765:List of South Georgians
564:He was a Fellow of the
409:Bonner was employed at
986:"William Nigel Bonner"
592:Legacy and recognition
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499:Kendall Whaling Museum
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453:Environmental clean-up
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355:southern elephant seal
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900:. London: Routledge.
804:Marine Mammal Science
578:Marine Mammal Science
503:Sharon, Massachusetts
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411:Sir John Cass College
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308:Richard John Harrison
177:Richard John Harrison
750:South Georgia Museum
615:South Georgia Museum
586:Institute of Biology
484:South Georgia Museum
474:South Georgia Museum
227:South Georgia Museum
189:William Nigel Bonner
44:William Nigel Bonner
1128:Science in the Snow
1044:"Antarctica Detail"
1002:1995PoRec..31...67L
816:1995MMamS..11..596L
719:Whales of the World
220:introduced reindeer
1417:British zoologists
1101:10.7557/2.30.1.247
677:Bonner, W. Nigel.
658:Bonner, W. Nigel.
644:Bonner, W. Nigel.
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388:Antarctic fur seal
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328:Bernard Stonehouse
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208:Antarctic fur seal
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1048:geonames.usgs.gov
467:William Fullerton
345:, they landed at
278:Ronald Englefield
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169:Academic advisors
137:Scientific career
16:British biologist
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