611:... the Councils and neighbors of the valleys of Camargo, Alfóz de Lloredo, Villaescusa, Cayón, Penagos, Piélagos, Cabezón and Riocín, declare that all the said valleys, places, Councils and neighbors, with their boundaries and mountains, pastures, pastures and vassals, high and low jurisdiction, civil and criminal, mere and mixed empire and the rents and taxes and rights with all the other things attached to the valleys, are royal and of the royal crown of your kingdoms and the royalty from sea to sea. And thus they could not and cannot separate, nor divide, nor depart from the said royal crown, free and exempt from all vassalage, nor any manorialism, not being vassals of the said duke nor being able to be by right, nor owing him, as they do not owe him vassalage, nor service, nor chest, nor right, nor any other tribute whatsoever. The said duke by force and not duly, has entered and occupied against all reason and justice the said valleys...
476:
in the valleys and districts, and terms of certain valleys of
Asturias de Santillana, and in each one of them on which is this dispute and debate, contention and controversy, between me and my procurator, and Fiscal procurators of the one part and the Procurator or Procurators of the said Yñigo Lopez of the other part, in the which lawsuit they were received in evidence, and date determined by the parts, likewise the property as well, as to that of the ownership of the said places and valleys, and terminos, and districts, and of all the aforementioned, and of the civil and criminal, high and low jurisdiction,
809:, his friends and followers before and during the years that the lawsuits lasted. Juan Martínez, witness in the lawsuit, assured that the duke had entered his valley surrounded by men with banners, atabals and trumpets and had made it surrender by force, making people and cattle flee to the mountains. Afterwards, he burned the houses and imposed punishments on those he could find. Pero Díaz and Juan de Matamorosa, opponents of the duke, had their houses burned and were thrown out of windows. Don Íñigo even mistreated
198:, the contemporary society did not have only the village as its nucleus, but there were connections between all the villages in a valley, with a sort of federation of councils. Each valley had its board and ordinances. When the neighbors of those territories litigated against the nobility, they did so therefore through the representation of each valley. The lawsuit was not isolated in time, as other regions of present-day Cantabria tried to shake off the lordly rule, as happened in
778:
187:. It was initiated in 1544, and a ruling was issued in 1581 in favor of the Nine Valleys. This result was important in the process of the territorial configuration of Cantabria, since it achieved the independence of the valleys, which were constituted in the province of the Nine Valleys in 1589. This was later formed into the province of Cantabria in 1778, and caused the retreat of the manorial domains in the region. The memorial occupies 178
552:
32:
835:: "Memorial against the deeds filed by the prosecutor and valleys for writs of jurisdiction"). In it are contained documents of previous lawsuits against the same noble family, being one, for example, from 1398, prior to the "Old lawsuit"; another of the attached documents dates from 1351. In 1910, the Jurisdiction of Cantabria published it under the title
693:(1630), who allowed it to be governed by "ordinary mayors". This fact is the reason why 1630 is oftentimes considered the date for the creation of the province. Other times, the assumed date is 1581, the year in which the lawsuit ended. In 1645, the general ordinances of the province came into force, which were reformed in 1757.
480:, and of all the rents and facts and rights, and of the things pertaining to the manorialism of all the aforementioned (...) as it is said, in you and your successors, universal and singular, and in whoever you want and for good you want, without annoyance or disturbance, or any disturbance, from me or my successors.
475:
Don Juan by the grace of God, King of
Castile, of Leon, of Toledo (...). ) Because the Prince, my very dear and beloved son, ceded and transferred to you Yñigo Lopez de Mendoça my vassal, and of my council, all and any right and demand and appeal, that in any way to my belonging and belonging could,
384:
It must be said that at the beginning of the 16th century, in the territories controlled by the Duke of
Infantado, and especially the Asturias de Santillana, the peasantry suffered a continuous increase in taxes, which stirred up discontent. Independence from manorial rule was desirable, since taxes
679:
The direct consequences of the resolution of the conflict were the return of the valleys to the
Castilian crown, integrated in 1589 the "Province of the Nine Valleys of the Asturias de Santillana", the recovery of the royal power and the reduction of the manorial power in the area. The new province
620:
The first sentence (in degree of view), of 17 October 1553, was positive for the valleys, who achieved advances in matters of taxes and rents for the dukes, as well as considering the civil and criminal jurisdiction of their territory as royal right, returning it to the royal manor. This conclusion
484:
This marquisate included the valleys of
Carriedo—later split after its lawsuit—, Cayón, Penagos, Villaescusa, Piélagos, Camargo, Reocín, Cabezón, Cabuérniga, Alfoz de Lloredo—all of them split after the Nine Valleys lawsuit—, Anieva, Cieza and Lamasón, as well as the town of Santillana, the domains
401:
It is often considered that the
Valleys lawsuit lasted from 1438 until its resolution in 1581 or even until the creation of the province of the Nine Valleys in 1589; that is, about 150 years. In reality it was a series of lawsuits, the first of which was the "Old Valleys Lawsuit", which favored the
846:
The documentation of the lawsuit, lost, was recovered on 8 February 1957, when the journalist and writer
Antonio Bartolomé Suárez discovered the original documents in a house in Reocín, where a family was preserving them. Manuel Bartolomé García, Antonio's son, was appointed in 2016
727:. The roads between the towns were not protected, which meant that travelers who had to go to Santillana were easily assaulted and even killed many times. The insecurity was increased by taking advantage of the lawsuits, so that those who had to go to Santillana died on the roads.
797:, successively lost for three centuries. In addition to the creation of the province of the Nine Valleys, to which different kings were adding ordinances, the valley of Carriedo, antecedent of the Valleys lawsuit, received from the king the title of "Royal Valley of Carriedo."
607:. The valleys presented their querencia in 1544 to the Duke of Infantado. Reocín and Cabuérniga were late possessions of the Duke, and Cabuérniga joined the lawsuit later, so they are sometimes not presented as complainantss. The valleys protested before the king saying that:
739:. The dukes paid the scribes to have them at their disposal. In addition, the soldiers, to the orders of the dukes, taking advantage of the tension generated by the lawsuits, did not punish the violence, not even the murder, which caused the murder rate to increase.
886:
The memorial of the lawsuit has been studied in reference to the history of
Cantabria for including a list of the towers and fortresses that contained the eight valleys (not including Carriedo). In total there are 43 towers and 2 fortresses, in addition to the
436:, the tact of the latter, a "true lady", had prevented the complaints from erupting. However, Íñigo entered the valleys with great violence, taking possession of them by force of arms, which provoked the anger and rebellion of the peasants.
819:, and imprisoned one of them for eight months. When the Infantado finally lost the lawsuit of 1581, the contemporary duke decided to focus his attention on the last territories that were granted to him in other parts of the peninsula.
432:, arguing that during the last decades they had allowed to remain under the rule of the house de la Vega only because they thought the king had not heard their complaints, being the holder a friend of theirs. During the mandate of
891:, quite a number of fortifications for such a small territory. It is believed that in the 16th century there were in the whole of Asturias de Santillana more than 200 towers and fortresses along with more than 1000
625:"the older relatives of the said valleys so that they would be his vassals, giving them many gifts and lay downs because they would have manners with the other minors so that they would receive them as such a lord."
543:"because there was always favour and wars and fears". Like Carriedo, the other prosecuted valleys of the Asturias de Santillana later claimed that they too had never considered manorial domination legitimate.
686:, where in 1778 it was decided to integrate it into another province—province of Cantabria—which although short-lived is considered the political and historical origin of the current autonomous community.
843:: "Memorial presented to the King by the Duke of Infantado in the lawsuit against the Prosecutor and the 7 valleys of Villaescusa, Cayón, Penagos, Camargo, Cabezón, Alfoz de Lloredo and Piélagos").
377:
Although the House de la Vega—later united with the house of
Mendoza—was the most powerful, other noble families disputed the territories, even in some of the nine valleys. This is the case of the
663:
confirmed the return of civil and criminal jurisdiction to the mayors of the valleys. The valleys of Reocín and Cabuérniga—which had not been part of the manorialism until 1544—were included.
1745:
806:
781:
509:
429:
367:
110:
854:, in recognition of his literary career and collaboration to the history of the Nine Valleys; appointment supported by all the representatives of the Nine Valleys in the Casa de Juntas of
837:
Memorial presentado al Rey por el Duque del
Infantado en el pleito sostenido contra el Fiscal y los 7 valles de Villaescusa, Cayón, Penagos, Camargo, Cabezón, Alfoz de Lloredo y Piélagos
389:, the valleys of Soba and Ruesga, and in that of Carriedo since the Duke of Infantado lost power after the sentence of 1505. In addition, some of these communities did not have to pay
897:
plots, as mentioned in the memorial. The following table shows the contribution of Fernando José de Velasco y Ceballos, who associated some of the towers cited to possible lineages.
528:
and was coveted by the Mendozas; the peasants were reluctant to fall in front of the lords, who used violence to make them desist from their efforts. The lawsuit was ruled by the
733:. The dukes forced the peasants to pay tribute to pay for the administration of justice, which they complained about. They also imprisoned the rebellious council procurators.
1283:
295:
valleys, before the power of the first Duke of Infantado spread through them, were free to hold general assemblies. The first that was documented happened in 1430 in the
393:
for importing basic necessities. However, after the lawsuit was won and the nine valleys returned to the royal manor status, the fiscal pressure intensified even more.
1355:
Volumen 1 de I encuentro de historia de Cantabria. Actas del encuentro celebrado en Santander los días 16 a 19 de diciembre de 1996: La sociedad feudal en Cantabria
2046:
2004:
660:
529:
339:
127:
1259:
639:
This sentence did not grant validity to the documents presented by Íñigo López de Mendoza regarding his inheritance. The prosecutor Juan García even considered
363:
291:
in terms of taxes, authority and jurisdiction. In turn, the rights of the peasantry, who had originally been able to elect their lords, were diminished. The
284:
532:
in 1499 in favor of the valley, which thus achieved its jurisdictional independence. The sentence was appealed and again confirmed in 1504, 1505 y 1546.
467:
and its general boards, since the jurisdiction of the Asturias de Santillana became a privilege of the De la Vega-Mendoza houses, which was confirmed by
956:); Zurita tower (Ceballos); Rueda fortress (Ceballos, later Sánchez de Tagle); three towers in Oruña, Arce tower (Ceballos Escalante); Liencres castle (
216:
287:. The privileges of the lords continually swelled, obtaining more territories by royal grace or usurpation of territories formerly belonging to the
194:
It is important to note that the Asturias of Santillana were organized in valleys perpendicular to the sea. That is to say, despite the rise of
555:
Panoramic view of the Carriedo valley in 2007, the first to return to royal manor status and the immediate antecedent of the Valleys lawsuit.
671:
In 1581, the royal manor status of the valleys was confirmed for the last time and the construction of a province including them was fixed.
1367:
1925:
1600:
La alcabala del rey 1474-1504: fiscalidad en el partido de las cuatro villas cántabras y las merindades de Campoo y campos con Palencia
512:, despite the fact that this valley did not belong to her since in 1403 a conflict regarding its possession had been settled with the
283:
to the detriment of the power of the abbots, who since the 9th century had held the privileges of the region, especially those of the
1835:
1909:
1865:
1608:
1581:
1527:
1500:
1394:
1243:
1167:
1092:
1007:); tower in Cos (House de la Vega); tower in Santibáñez (Gayón); tower next to the Agüera river (Agüeros, after the Peredo family).
621:
came when it was considered that the Mendozas had forced their power over the valleys, saying that they had obtained the favour of:
1899:
1233:
346:
and obtained territories in the Asturias de Santillana. During the 15th century, the de la Vega family confronted the power of the
1855:
1765:
1294:
1055:
1679:
1082:
768:
confirmation of possession over the valleys, even though this was not exercised until 1448, when it was done by means of force.
706:
The Nine Valleys wanted to join the Carriedo lawsuit as a precedent and concentrated their arguments on the following points:
2021:
1819:
1792:
1689:
1638:
1554:
1462:
1332:
1197:
1140:
1065:
517:
1384:
1452:
1130:
859:
2073:
1187:
1024:
881:
524:
in what is known as the Carriedo lawsuit. Carriedo, located southeast of the Asturias de Santillana, then belonged to the
305:
1517:
1490:
681:
520:. However, in 1495 the peasantry of the said valley wanted to emancipate themselves, presenting their request before the
2068:
2063:
1410:
354:
to extend their power, an administrative system controlled by them. The Vega family received in 1341, from the hand of
1969:
1882:
1726:
1709:
1655:
805:
The response of the dukes was very violent. There are several testimonies about the atrocities committed by order of
1571:
1353:
1213:
1189:
Del Cantábrico al Duero. Trece estudios sobre organización social del espacio en los siglos siglo VIII a siglo XIII
576:
1809:
1782:
1628:
1598:
1544:
1322:
1157:
940:
Estaños tower; Maliaño tower (Herrera); Orozco family tower in Escobedo (Escobedo); four towers in Igollo (Portas
454:
168:
1004:
987:
957:
816:
757:
535:
In the Carriedo lawsuit, the valley declared that it had not denounced its lordly situation during the reigns of
421:
343:
1860:. Valladolid (originally Santander): Maxtor (originally Librería Moderna). pp. 62–63 (footnotes) and 129.
1359:
604:
450:
327:
765:
505:
433:
359:
313:, both documents that indicate the conditions of the places. In the first one there are more territories of
1003:
Quijas tower (Bustamante); tower in Quijas (Calderón); tower in Ibio (Guerra); tower in Cabezón de la Sal (
919:
Liaño tower (Liaño); La Concha tower (de la Concha); Obregón tower (Obregón); Villanueva tower (Ceballos).
428:. The Old Valleys Lawsuit began in 1438 because the valleys disputed their belonging to the manorialism of
1029:
914:
850:
596:
592:
493:: "Land of de La Vega"), and Pando (now Torrelavega). In 1475 the marquis of Santillana also received the
417:
292:
172:
139:
47:
1857:
Las Asturias de Santillana en 1404 según el Apeo formado por orden del Infante Don Fernando de Antequera
865:
753:
540:
440:
355:
335:
184:
143:
1811:
Casa y aldea en Cantabria. Un estudio sobre la arquitectura del territorio en los Valles del Saja-Nansa
378:
227:
525:
864:
The memorial as a whole has numerous additions and documents that give a good sample of the state of
643:
more than fifty witnesses who testified in favor of the duke, who filed as many as four allegations.
564:
777:
370:, was left at the death of Leonor with the territories of the Asturias de Santillana. In 1445, King
2040:
2014:
El pleito de los valles, las juntas de Puente San Miguel y el origen de la Provincia de Cantabria
1998:
892:
810:
761:
718:
690:
600:
536:
494:
468:
458:
446:
371:
358:, the valleys of Carriedo, Villaescusa, Cayón, Camargo and Cabezón, along with other properties.
300:
247:
85:
559:
After the ruling of the Carriedo lawsuit, they decided to appeal to the monarchy the valleys of
226:) with the condition of royal property, although in later documents it is first attached to the
215:
651:
The first sentence was appealed by the dukes, but in 1568 the previous sentence was confirmed.
2017:
1905:
1861:
1815:
1788:
1685:
1634:
1604:
1577:
1550:
1523:
1496:
1458:
1390:
1363:
1328:
1239:
1193:
1163:
1136:
1132:
Estudios sobre la sociedad tradicional cántabra. Continuidades, cambios y procesos adaptativos
1088:
1061:
888:
855:
794:
279:
From the 12th century and, mostly, from the 13th century, this territory was dominated by the
981:
840:
832:
560:
490:
425:
347:
288:
235:
156:
717:
or other judicial positions, which forced them to always receive justice from the town of
551:
310:
829:
Memorial contra las escrituras que el fiscal y valles presentan por autos de jurisdicción
993:), tower in Trasierra (Villegas); tower in Castro (Villegas); tower in Nuño (Villegas).
276:(of the Crown, but subordinated to a nobleman, freely elected, to whom to pay tribute).
1944:
1784:
Nouveaux documents quévédiens. Une famille à Madrid au temps de Philippe II (1576-1600)
1657:
Justicia contra señores. El mundo rural y la política en tiempos de los Reyes Católicos
1238:. Universidad de Cantabria. pp. 147–148 (incluidas notas al pie n.º 98 y n.º 99).
935:
572:
2057:
965:
568:
1991:
La Casa de la Vega. Comentarios a las behetrías montañesas y al pleito de los valles
1764:
Cuartero y Huerta, Baltasar; De Vargas-Zúñiga; Montero de Espinosa, Antonio (1973).
254:. Their different parcels had different degrees of administration. They could be of
31:
315:
256:
114:
1492:
El Valle de Ruiseñada: datos para su historia : los Brachos y los Bustamantes
1454:
Conflictividad y disciplinamiento social en la Cantabria rural del antiguo régimen
953:
Cianca tower (Ceballos); two towers in Quijano (Quijano); Renedo tower (Ceballos
689:
The province of the Nine Valleys obtained privileges, among other monarchs, from
948:
584:
374:
confirmed his possessions, a fact that the valleys did not recognize as lawful.
990:); Ruiseñada tower (Bracho); Udías tower (Ceballos); Cubillas tower (Villegas
199:
1837:
Boletín de la Real Academia de la Historia. Tomo CLXXXI. Número III. Año 1984
222:, where the valleys appear and, specifically, the valley of Carriedo (called
1019:
386:
331:
239:
195:
176:
43:
23:
1417:
998:
970:
Sancho de los Ríos tower; tower in Terán (Terán); Valle tower (Díaz Cossío
588:
303:. The increase of the lordly power is documented by comparison between the
1235:
La población y el crecimiento económico de Cantabria en el Antiguo Régimen
449:
in favor of Íñigo López de Mendoza, who soon after obtained the titles of
1162:. Institución Cultural de Cantabria / Diputación provincial. p. 87.
521:
463:
412:
280:
243:
37:
925:
640:
580:
420:, fed up with their situation, rose up in various lawsuits against the
381:, who took possession by force of some areas of the valley of Camargo.
1708:
San Miguel Pérez, Enrique; Gutiérrez Alonso, María del Carmen (1991).
976:); tower in Sopeña (Díaz de Cossío), tower in Ruente (Mier y Terán).
390:
1971:
Cervantes, Calderón, Lope, Gracián. Nuevos temas crítico-biográficos
1057:
De la montaña a Cantabria. La construcción de una comunidad autónoma
1260:"Historia del Valle - La Baja Edad Media y el Pleito de los Valles"
930:
Totero tower; La Penilla tower; Tahulú tower (Ceballos Escalante).
1714:. Ayuntamiento de Torrelavega / Concejalía de Cultura y Educación.
776:
265:
188:
180:
99:
89:
1159:
Cantabria vista por viajeros de los siglos siglo XVI y siglo XVII
1767:Índice de la colección de don Luis de Salazar y Castro. Tomo 49
1630:
Archivo Municipal de Santillana del Mar. Registro de documentos
366:, thus forming the House de la Vega-Mendoza. Their firstborn,
827:
The name of the document of the lawsuit, printed in 1566, is
385:
could remain in symbolic amounts. This situation occurred in
1573:
El Fuero de Laredo en el octavo centenario de su concensión
461:
to the Marquis of Santillana, and therefore the end of its
410:
At the beginning of the 12th century, the peasantry of the
1926:"Manuel Bartolomé García, escritor y gran torrelaveguense"
793:
The royalty was happy to regain power in the north of the
2012:
González de la Vega, Rogelio; Pérez; Bustamante (1989).
1747:
Revista de Archivos, Bibliotecas y Museos. Año 5, n.º 10
1186:
García de Cortázar, José Ángel; Ruiz de Aguirre (1999).
868:
since the beginning of the 14th century, among them the
508:, in her will, had bequeathed the valley of Carriedo to
326:
One of the most important lords of the 14th century was
1770:. Madrid: Real Academia de la Historia. pp. 14–15.
1787:(in French). Publications de la Sorbonne. p. 23.
1627:
Pérez-Bustamante, Rogelio; Ortiz Real, Javier (1983).
1324:
La Junta de las Cuatro Villas de la Costa de la Mar
246:, fiscal and legal administrative divisions of the
135:
123:
105:
95:
81:
73:
65:
55:
2016:(in Spanish) (1 ed.). Santander: J. Bedia.
1284:"La Revista de Cantabria. Enero - marzo de 2008"
756:argued that the territories had belonged to the
713:. The dukes did not allow them to adopt mayors,
1327:. Fundación Marcelino Botín. pp. 22 y 27.
760:for 100 years. They also claimed that in 1420,
623:
609:
473:
1457:. Universidad de Cantabria. pp. 133–135.
1135:. Universidad de Cantabria. pp. 102–104.
46:. The Nine Valleys were integrated in that of
1901:Cabezón de la Sal: tradición, cambio y futuro
1849:
1847:
1725:Sociedad Española de Amigos del Arte (1921).
1622:
1620:
42:that existed in the territory of present-day
8:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1854:González Camino y Aguirre, Fernando (1930).
1840:. Real Academia de la Historia. p. 431.
1519:Santillana del Mar, romántica y caballeresca
1386:Santillana del Mar, romántica y caballeresca
901:Towers and fortresses cited in the memorial
439:In 1444, the first lawsuit was ruled by the
113:as lord of the valleys and the claim of his
16:
1711:Ordenanzas de la villa de La Vega, año 1655
1218:. Madrid: Ediciones Hidalguía. p. 437.
342:, who was chief of name and of arms of the
323:and in the second one more of manorialism.
2045:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2003:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1740:
1738:
1181:
1179:
1124:
518:Hermandad de las Cuatro Villas de la Costa
30:
15:
1904:. Universidad de Cantabria. p. 255.
1660:. Universidad de Valladolid. p. 194.
1576:. Universidad de Cantabria. p. 197.
1546:Documentos sobre el marqués de Santillana
1516:De Asua Campos, Miguel (22 August 2006).
1451:Mantecón Movellán, Tomás Antonio (1997).
1389:(2005 ed.). Maxtor. pp. 32–33.
1192:. Universidad de Cantabria. p. 187.
1122:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1087:. Universidad de Cantabria. p. 190.
1060:. Universidad de Cantabria. p. 207.
1814:. Universidad de Cantabria. p. 32.
1703:
1701:
1684:. Universidad de Cantabria. p. 10.
1603:. Universidad de Cantabria. p. 29.
1446:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1293:. 2013-04-12. p. 42. Archived from
899:
550:
214:
1974:. CSIC. p. 52 (nota al pie n.º 6).
1731:. Imprenta de B. Rodríguez. p. 88.
1673:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1484:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1411:"SALAZAR Y CASTRO, Luis de (1658-1734)"
1316:
1314:
1227:
1225:
1041:
260:(dependent on the king of Castile), of
2038:
1996:
1654:Oliva Herrer, Hipólito Rafael (2004).
1597:Solinís Estallo, Miguel Ángel (2003).
1383:De Asua Campos, Miguel (11 May 2005).
1681:Instituciones históricas de Cantabria
1522:(2005 ed.). Maxtor. p. 70.
1049:
1047:
1045:
721:, controlled by the dukes themselves.
7:
1881:De Escalante y Prieto, Amós (1956).
1781:Riandière La Roche, Josette (1992).
230:and later to the dukes of Infantado.
1084:Cantabria: historia e instituciones
683:Casa de juntas de Puente San Miguel
406:The Old Valleys Lawsuit (1438-1444)
457:. This fact meant the delivery of
362:, heiress of the lineage, married
14:
1808:Ruiz de la Riva, Eduardo (1991).
1570:Serna Vallejo, Margarita (2002).
1489:De Asua y Campos, Miguel (2005).
1081:Moure Romanillo, Alfonso (2002).
870:Apeo de Pero Alfonso de Escalante
849:Escribano de la Merindad de las
501:The Carriedo lawsuit (1495-1499)
220:Book of the Becerro de Behetrías
1968:Eguía Ruiz, Constancio (1951).
1156:Casado Soto, José Luis (1980).
167:was a legal battle between the
1215:Revista Hidalguía. N.º 190-191
876:Manorial places of the valleys
59:
1:
1025:Defensive towers of Cantabria
882:Defensive towers of Cantabria
350:, creating the figure of the
1898:De Meer Lecha-Marzo (2003).
1232:Lanza García, Ramón (1991).
1054:Bar Cendón, Antonio (1995).
943:); Herrera tower (Herrera).
675:Province of the Nine Valleys
238:the territory that today is
1543:Rubio García, Luis (1983).
455:count of Real de Manzanares
2090:
1993:(in Spanish). Torrelavega.
1495:. Maxtor. pp. 43–46.
1362:. 1999. pp. 456–458.
879:
530:chancillería de Valladolid
161:Pleito de los nueve Valles
60:Pleito de los Nueve Valles
2031:Pérez-Bustamante (1994).
1753:. 1901. pp. 685–687.
1678:Baró Pazos, Juan (1994).
1321:Baró Pazos, Juan (1999).
815:opponents related to the
661:Chancellery of Valladolid
129:Chancellery of Valladolid
119:by the valleys themselves
29:
21:
2035:(in Spanish). Santander.
1360:Universidad de Cantabria
1264:www.santamariadecayon.es
784:in an engraving of 1791.
599:, which belonged to the
547:The Nine Valleys lawsuit
495:dukedom of the Infantado
364:Diego Hurtado de Mendoza
340:chancellor of Valladolid
328:Garci Lasso de la Vega I
185:Dukedom of the Infantado
144:Dukedom of the Infantado
2033:El Pleito de los valles
1983:Additional bibliography
1728:Arte español. Volumen 5
973:); Ucieda tower (Terán
680:was constituted in the
605:marquises of Santillana
485:grouped under the name
272:(of a nobleman) and of
1949:Apellidos de Cantabria
1945:"Torres del siglo XVI"
1633:. Taurus. p. 23.
1549:. EDITUM. p. 54.
1030:Asturias de Santillana
851:Asturias de Santillana
807:Íñigo López de Mendoza
801:Dukes of the Infantado
785:
782:Íñigo López de Mendoza
637:
613:
597:Asturias de Santillana
556:
510:Íñigo López de Mendoza
482:
430:Íñigo López de Mendoza
418:Asturias de Santillana
368:Íñigo López de Mendoza
293:Asturias de Santillana
231:
173:Asturias de Santillana
140:Asturias de Santillana
111:Íñigo López de Mendoza
1989:Escafedo, M. (1917).
1887:. Atlas. p. 418.
780:
554:
541:Enrique IV of Castile
478:mero et mixto imperio
451:marquis of Santillana
336:Alfonso XI of Castile
218:
2074:History of Cantabria
1423:on 10 December 2009.
909:Towers and lineages
306:Becerro de Behetrías
153:Nine Valleys lawsuit
142:Valleys against the
69:Nine Valleys lawsuit
24:History of Camtabria
17:Nine Valleys lawsuit
2064:Cantabrian nobility
986:Comillas fortress (
902:
758:house of de la Vega
379:counts of Castañeda
228:counts of Castañeda
18:
900:
786:
762:John II of Castile
754:Dukes of Infantado
719:Santillana del Mar
601:dukes of Infantado
557:
459:Santillana del Mar
447:Asturias de Oviedo
397:The first lawsuits
372:John II of Castile
248:kingdom of Castile
232:
86:Santillana del Mar
1291:cajacantabria.com
1011:
1010:
889:Castle of Pedraja
856:Puente San Miguel
795:Iberian Peninsula
766:Leonor de la Vega
506:Leonor de la Vega
487:Tierra de la Vega
434:Leonor de la Vega
360:Leonor de la Vega
297:Campo del Revolgo
285:St. Juliana Abbey
242:was divided into
149:
148:
2081:
2069:Castile and León
2050:
2044:
2036:
2027:
2008:
2002:
1994:
1976:
1975:
1965:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1941:
1930:
1929:
1922:
1916:
1915:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1878:
1872:
1871:
1851:
1842:
1841:
1832:
1826:
1825:
1805:
1799:
1798:
1778:
1772:
1771:
1761:
1755:
1754:
1752:
1742:
1733:
1732:
1722:
1716:
1715:
1705:
1696:
1695:
1675:
1662:
1661:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1624:
1615:
1614:
1594:
1588:
1587:
1567:
1561:
1560:
1540:
1534:
1533:
1513:
1507:
1506:
1486:
1469:
1468:
1448:
1425:
1424:
1422:
1416:. Archived from
1415:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1380:
1374:
1373:
1350:
1339:
1338:
1318:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1305:
1300:on 12 April 2013
1299:
1288:
1280:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1270:
1256:
1250:
1249:
1229:
1220:
1219:
1210:
1204:
1203:
1183:
1174:
1173:
1153:
1147:
1146:
1129:Alberto (1995).
1126:
1099:
1098:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1051:
1005:House de la Vega
988:House de la Vega
982:Alfoz de Lloredo
958:House de la Vega
903:
860:Institutions Day
817:house de La Vega
667:Sentence of 1581
655:Sentence of 1578
647:Sentence of 1568
635:
630:Ortiz Real, J.;
616:Sentence of 1553
561:Alfoz de Lloredo
402:manorial power.
348:Crown of Castile
344:House de La Vega
289:Crown of Castile
250:controlled by a
236:Late Middle Ages
61:
56:Native name
34:
19:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2079:
2078:
2054:
2053:
2037:
2030:
2024:
2011:
1995:
1988:
1985:
1980:
1979:
1967:
1966:
1962:
1953:
1951:
1943:
1942:
1933:
1924:
1923:
1919:
1912:
1897:
1896:
1892:
1884:Obras escogidas
1880:
1879:
1875:
1868:
1853:
1852:
1845:
1834:
1833:
1829:
1822:
1807:
1806:
1802:
1795:
1780:
1779:
1775:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1736:
1724:
1723:
1719:
1707:
1706:
1699:
1692:
1677:
1676:
1665:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1641:
1626:
1625:
1618:
1611:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1584:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1557:
1542:
1541:
1537:
1530:
1515:
1514:
1510:
1503:
1488:
1487:
1472:
1465:
1450:
1449:
1428:
1420:
1413:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1397:
1382:
1381:
1377:
1370:
1369:978-84-81022179
1352:
1351:
1342:
1335:
1320:
1319:
1312:
1303:
1301:
1297:
1286:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1268:
1266:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1246:
1231:
1230:
1223:
1212:
1211:
1207:
1200:
1185:
1184:
1177:
1170:
1155:
1154:
1150:
1143:
1128:
1127:
1102:
1095:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1068:
1053:
1052:
1043:
1038:
1016:
992:
975:
972:
955:
942:
884:
878:
825:
803:
791:
775:
746:
704:
699:
677:
669:
657:
649:
636:
629:
618:
549:
503:
408:
399:
309:(1351) and the
299:of the town of
213:
208:
165:Valleys lawsuit
109:Designation of
51:
12:
11:
5:
2087:
2085:
2077:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2056:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2028:
2022:
2009:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1960:
1931:
1917:
1910:
1890:
1873:
1866:
1843:
1827:
1820:
1800:
1793:
1773:
1756:
1734:
1717:
1697:
1690:
1663:
1646:
1639:
1616:
1609:
1589:
1582:
1562:
1555:
1535:
1528:
1508:
1501:
1470:
1463:
1426:
1402:
1395:
1375:
1368:
1340:
1333:
1310:
1275:
1251:
1244:
1221:
1205:
1198:
1175:
1168:
1148:
1141:
1100:
1093:
1073:
1066:
1040:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1001:
995:
994:
991:
984:
978:
977:
974:
971:
968:
962:
961:
954:
951:
945:
944:
941:
938:
932:
931:
928:
921:
920:
917:
911:
910:
907:
880:Main article:
877:
874:
824:
821:
802:
799:
790:
787:
774:
771:
770:
769:
745:
742:
741:
740:
734:
728:
722:
703:
702:Of the valleys
700:
698:
695:
676:
673:
668:
665:
656:
653:
648:
645:
627:
617:
614:
595:, part of the
548:
545:
526:Velasco family
502:
499:
407:
404:
398:
395:
212:
209:
207:
204:
147:
146:
137:
133:
132:
125:
121:
120:
107:
103:
102:
97:
93:
92:
83:
79:
78:
75:
71:
70:
67:
63:
62:
57:
53:
52:
35:
27:
26:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2086:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2048:
2042:
2034:
2029:
2025:
2019:
2015:
2010:
2006:
2000:
1992:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1973:
1972:
1964:
1961:
1950:
1946:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1932:
1927:
1921:
1918:
1913:
1911:9788481023404
1907:
1903:
1902:
1894:
1891:
1886:
1885:
1877:
1874:
1869:
1867:9788497613514
1863:
1859:
1858:
1850:
1848:
1844:
1839:
1838:
1831:
1828:
1823:
1817:
1813:
1812:
1804:
1801:
1796:
1790:
1786:
1785:
1777:
1774:
1769:
1768:
1760:
1757:
1749:
1748:
1741:
1739:
1735:
1730:
1729:
1721:
1718:
1713:
1712:
1704:
1702:
1698:
1693:
1687:
1683:
1682:
1674:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1664:
1659:
1658:
1650:
1647:
1642:
1636:
1632:
1631:
1623:
1621:
1617:
1612:
1610:9788481023374
1606:
1602:
1601:
1593:
1590:
1585:
1583:9788481023039
1579:
1575:
1574:
1566:
1563:
1558:
1552:
1548:
1547:
1539:
1536:
1531:
1529:9788497613118
1525:
1521:
1520:
1512:
1509:
1504:
1502:9788497611909
1498:
1494:
1493:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1471:
1466:
1460:
1456:
1455:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1427:
1419:
1412:
1406:
1403:
1398:
1396:9788497613118
1392:
1388:
1387:
1379:
1376:
1371:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1356:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1341:
1336:
1330:
1326:
1325:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1296:
1292:
1285:
1279:
1276:
1265:
1261:
1255:
1252:
1247:
1245:9788487412394
1241:
1237:
1236:
1228:
1226:
1222:
1217:
1216:
1209:
1206:
1201:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1182:
1180:
1176:
1171:
1169:9788485349166
1165:
1161:
1160:
1152:
1149:
1144:
1138:
1134:
1133:
1125:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1101:
1096:
1094:9788481023176
1090:
1086:
1085:
1077:
1074:
1069:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1050:
1048:
1046:
1042:
1035:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1013:
1006:
1002:
1000:
997:
996:
989:
985:
983:
980:
979:
969:
967:
964:
963:
959:
952:
950:
947:
946:
939:
937:
934:
933:
929:
927:
923:
922:
918:
916:
913:
912:
908:
905:
904:
898:
896:
895:
890:
883:
875:
873:
871:
867:
862:
861:
857:
853:
852:
844:
842:
838:
834:
830:
822:
820:
818:
814:
813:
808:
800:
798:
796:
788:
783:
779:
772:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
748:
747:
743:
738:
735:
732:
729:
726:
723:
720:
716:
712:
709:
708:
707:
701:
696:
694:
692:
687:
685:
684:
674:
672:
666:
664:
662:
659:In 1578, the
654:
652:
646:
644:
642:
633:
626:
622:
615:
612:
608:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
553:
546:
544:
542:
538:
533:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
500:
498:
496:
492:
488:
481:
479:
472:
470:
466:
465:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
443:
437:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
414:
405:
403:
396:
394:
392:
388:
382:
380:
375:
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369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
324:
322:
318:
317:
312:
308:
307:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
277:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
258:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
229:
225:
221:
217:
210:
205:
203:
201:
197:
192:
190:
186:
182:
178:
175:(present-day
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
145:
141:
138:
134:
131:
130:
126:
122:
118:
117:
112:
108:
104:
101:
98:
94:
91:
87:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
58:
54:
49:
45:
41:
40:
33:
28:
25:
20:
2032:
2013:
1990:
1970:
1963:
1952:. Retrieved
1948:
1920:
1900:
1893:
1883:
1876:
1856:
1836:
1830:
1810:
1803:
1783:
1776:
1766:
1759:
1746:
1727:
1720:
1710:
1680:
1656:
1649:
1629:
1599:
1592:
1572:
1565:
1545:
1538:
1518:
1511:
1491:
1453:
1418:the original
1405:
1385:
1378:
1354:
1323:
1302:. Retrieved
1295:the original
1290:
1278:
1267:. Retrieved
1263:
1254:
1234:
1214:
1208:
1188:
1158:
1151:
1131:
1083:
1076:
1056:
893:
885:
869:
863:
848:
845:
836:
828:
826:
811:
804:
792:
749:
744:Of the dukes
736:
730:
724:
714:
710:
705:
688:
682:
678:
670:
658:
650:
638:
634:, pp. 84-99.
632:Cantabria...
631:
624:
619:
610:
558:
534:
513:
504:
486:
483:
477:
474:
462:
441:
438:
411:
409:
400:
383:
376:
352:mayordomazgo
351:
325:
320:
314:
311:Apeo of 1404
304:
296:
278:
273:
269:
261:
255:
251:
233:
223:
219:
193:
169:Nine Valleys
164:
163:) or simply
160:
152:
150:
136:Participants
128:
124:Organized by
115:
66:English name
38:
915:Villaescusa
593:Villaescusa
234:During the
77:1544 - 1581
36:Map of the
2058:Categories
2023:8472690334
1954:2022-09-05
1821:8485429990
1794:2859442251
1691:8481020826
1640:8430689524
1556:8486031370
1464:8481021415
1334:8487678904
1304:2022-09-05
1269:2022-09-05
1199:8481022209
1142:8481021091
1067:8481021121
1036:References
966:Cabuérniga
764:had given
737:Corruption
569:Cabuérniga
514:corregidor
442:corregidor
422:De la Vega
356:Alfonso XI
301:Santillana
270:solariegas
244:merindades
183:) and the
48:Santillana
39:merindades
2041:cite book
1999:cite book
1020:Cantabria
866:La Marina
773:Reactions
697:Arguments
691:Philip IV
471:in 1448.
387:Trasmiera
332:favourite
240:Cantabria
196:feudalism
177:Cantabria
44:Cantabria
1014:See also
949:Piélagos
823:Memorial
725:Security
628:—
585:Piélagos
522:monarchy
464:merindad
413:Merindad
391:tariffes
321:behetría
316:realengo
281:nobility
274:behetría
262:abadengo
257:realengo
224:Carrieto
116:realengo
82:Location
74:Duration
22:Part of
936:Camargo
926:Penagos
906:Valley
894:hidalgo
858:on the
841:English
833:English
812:hidalgo
789:Royalty
731:Economy
715:merinos
711:Justice
641:perjury
603:, also
581:Penagos
573:Camargo
565:Cabezón
537:John II
516:of the
491:English
469:Juan II
445:of the
426:Mendoza
416:of the
264:(of an
211:Context
206:History
200:Liébana
171:of the
157:Spanish
100:Lawsuit
2020:
1908:
1864:
1818:
1791:
1688:
1637:
1607:
1580:
1553:
1526:
1499:
1461:
1393:
1366:
1331:
1242:
1196:
1166:
1139:
1091:
1064:
999:Reocín
924:Cayón-
752:. The
750:Rights
589:Reocín
252:merino
189:folios
1751:(PDF)
1421:(PDF)
1414:(PDF)
1298:(PDF)
1287:(PDF)
577:Cayón
266:abbot
181:Spain
179:, in
106:Cause
90:Spain
2047:link
2018:ISBN
2005:link
1906:ISBN
1862:ISBN
1816:ISBN
1789:ISBN
1686:ISBN
1635:ISBN
1605:ISBN
1578:ISBN
1551:ISBN
1524:ISBN
1497:ISBN
1459:ISBN
1391:ISBN
1364:ISBN
1329:ISBN
1240:ISBN
1194:ISBN
1164:ISBN
1137:ISBN
1089:ISBN
1062:ISBN
591:and
539:and
453:and
338:and
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