Knowledge (XXG)

Nitrate

Source πŸ“

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Symptoms of nitrate poisoning in domestic animals include increased heart rate and respiration; in advanced cases blood and tissue may turn a blue or brown color. Feed can be tested for nitrate; treatment consists of supplementing or substituting existing supplies with lower nitrate material. Safe
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that serves as a primary form of nitrogen for many plants. This essential nutrient is used by plants to synthesize proteins, nucleic acids, and other vital organic molecules. The transformation of atmospheric nitrogen into nitrate is facilitated by certain bacteria and lightning in the nitrogen
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While nitrate is beneficial for agriculture since it enhances soil fertility and crop yields, its excessive use can lead to nutrient runoff, water pollution, and the proliferation of aquatic dead zones. Therefore, sustainable agricultural practices that balance productivity with environmental
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systems close to land, nitrate can reach concentrations that are lethal to fish. While nitrate is much less toxic than ammonia, levels over 30 ppm of nitrate can inhibit growth, impair the immune system and cause stress in some aquatic species. Nitrate toxicity remains a subject of debate.
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Romano N, Zeng C (September 2007). "Acute toxicity of sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, and potassium chloride and their effects on the hemolymph composition and gill structure of early juvenile blue swimmer crabs(Portunus pelagicus Linnaeus, 1758) (Decapoda, Brachyura, Portunidae)".
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Many meat processors claim their meats (e.g. bacon) is "uncured" – which is a marketing claim with no factual basis: there is no such thing as "uncured" bacon (as that would be, essentially, raw sliced pork belly). "Uncured" meat is in fact actually cured with nitrites with virtually
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Bagheri H, Hajian A, Rezaei M, Shirzadmehr A (February 2017). "Composite of Cu metal nanoparticles-multiwall carbon nanotubes-reduced graphene oxide as a novel and high performance platform of the electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of nitrite and nitrate".
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of synthetic nitrogen fertilizers are used worldwide, with nitrates constituting a significant portion of this amount. In regions with intensive agriculture, such as parts of the U.S., China, and India, the use of nitrogen fertilizers can exceed 200 kilograms per hectare.
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salts. Several billion kilograms are produced annually for this purpose. The significance of nitrate extends beyond its role as a nutrient since it acts as a signaling molecule in plants, regulating processes such as root growth, flowering, and leaf development.
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distinction in process – the only difference being the USDA labeling requirement between nitrite of vegetable origin (such as from celery) vs. "synthetic" sodium nitrite. An analogy would be purified "
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derived from acidification of nitrite. Nitrous acid selectively reacts with aromatic amines to give diazonium salts, which in turn couple with a second reagent to give the azo dye. The
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An acceptable daily intake (ADI) for nitrate ions was established in the range of 0–3.7 mg (kg body weight) day by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JEFCA).
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stewardship are necessary. Nitrate's importance in ecosystems is evident since it supports the growth and development of plants, contributing to biodiversity and ecological balance.
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by denitrifying bacteria. Water samples for nitrate/nitrite analyses need to be kept at 4 Β°C in a refrigerated room and analysed as quick as possible to limit the loss of nitrate.
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nitrate concentration by a factor of 2 to 3, and this elevated nitrate concentration can be maintained for more than 2 weeks. Increased plasma nitrate enhances the production of
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of all the anions present in the aqueous sample. Other methods for the specific detection of nitrate rely on its conversion to nitrite followed by nitrite-specific tests. The
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charge, whereas the nitrogen carries a +1 charge, all these adding up to formal charge of the polyatomic nitrate ion. This arrangement is commonly used as an example of
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Bashir U, Lone FA, Bhat RA, Mir SA, Dar ZA, Dar SA (2020). "Concerns and Threats of Contamination on Aquatic Ecosystems". In Hakeem KR, Bhat RA, Qadri H (eds.).
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Chuang HP (2018-11-26). "Insight on transformation pathways of nitrogen species and functional genes expression by targeted players involved in nitrogen cycle".
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resulting in low levels of oxygen in the blood, or by gastric upset, such as diarrheal infection, protein intolerance, heavy metal toxicity, etc.
1684:, nitrates are used as well and can be transformed into nitrite by microorganisms, or in the digestion process, starting by their dissolution in 891:. In natural waters, inevitably contaminated by microorganisms, nitrate is a quite unstable and labile dissolved chemical species because it is 4419: 3816: 3643: 933:
of bacteria. In aqueous solution, dissolved nitrite, N(III), is a more powerful oxidizer that nitrate, N(V), because it has to accept less
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cycle, which exemplifies nature's ability to convert a relatively inert molecule into a form that is crucial for biological productivity.
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Ellis G, Adatia I, Yazdanpanah M, Makela SK (June 1998). "Nitrite and nitrate analyses: a clinical biochemistry perspective".
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During the biological denitrification process, further nitrite reduction also gives rise to another powerful oxidizing agent:
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In most cases of excess nitrate concentrations in aquatic systems, the primary sources are wastewater discharges, as well as
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Romano N, Zeng C (December 2007). "Effects of potassium on nitrate mediated alterations of osmoregulation in marine crabs".
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Kirchmann H, Johnston AE, BergstrΓΆm LF (August 2002). "Possibilities for reducing nitrate leaching from agricultural land".
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Infants younger than 4 months are at greater risk given that they drink more water per body weight, they have a lower
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Lightning strikes in earth's nitrogen- and oxygen-rich atmosphere produce a mixture of oxides of nitrogen, which form
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Moorcroft MJ, Davis J, Compton RG (June 2001). "Detection and determination of nitrate and nitrite: a review".
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and the corresponding redox reactions. During the reduction of oxidizers, the oxidation state decreases and
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of βˆ’1. This charge results from a combination formal charge in which each of the three oxygens carries a βˆ’
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Parthasarathy DK, Bryan NS (November 2012). "Sodium nitrite: the "cure" for nitric oxide insufficiency".
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Kanakidou M, Myriokefalitakis S, Daskalakis N, Fanourgakis G, Nenes A, Baker AR, et al. (May 2016).
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which intervenes in, among other things, regulation of muscle blood flow and mitochondrial respiration.
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Nitrate salts are found naturally on earth in arid environments as large deposits, particularly of
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Smith-Whitley K, Kwiatkowski JL (2000). "Chapter 489: Hemoglobinopathies". In Kliegman RM (ed.).
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Powlson DS, Addiscott TM, Benjamin N, Cassman KG, de Kok TM, van Grinsven H, et al. (2008).
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A source of nitrate in the human diets arises from the consumption of leafy green foods, such as
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has set a maximum contaminant level of 10 mg/L or 10 ppm of nitrate in drinking water.
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However, other causes than nitrates can also affect infants and pregnant women. Indeed, the
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were historically produced, in the absence of mineral nitrate sources, by means of various
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activity, and they have a higher level of fetal hemoglobin which converts more easily to
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to be able to directly, or at least sufficiently rapidly, oxidize Fe into Fe, because of
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Caution: some subclinical symptoms may appear in pregnant horses, sheep and beef cattle
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because of their high solubility and biodegradability. The main nitrate fertilizers are
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The impact of increased nitrate deposition extends beyond plant communities to affect
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Manassaram DM, Backer LC, Messing R, Fleming LE, Luke B, Monteilh CP (October 2010).
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High nitrate problems: death losses and abortions can occur in beef cattle and sheep
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Maximum safe level for horses. Do not feed high nitrate forages to pregnant mares
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of the central nitrogen atom is V (+5). This corresponds to the highest possible
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suited for UV-vis spectroscopic analysis. The method exploits the reactivity of
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is 0.02 to 2 ΞΌM. Such methods have been highly adapted to biological samples.
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Laue W, Thiemann M, Scheibler E, Wiegand KW (2006). "Nitrates and Nitrites".
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The two areas of concerns about the toxicity of nitrate are the following:
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is reinforced under basic conditions. This can be illustrated by means of a
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cGMP preferring PDE inhibitors (e.g., sildenafil, paraxanthine, tadalafil)
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ions and nitrate ions, which are washed from the atmosphere by rain or in
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ATSDR – Case Studies in Environmental Medicine – Nitrate/Nitrite Toxicity
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as a source of nitrogen and source of free energy. Nitrate compounds for
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Li Y, Zou N, Liang X, Zhou X, Guo S, Wang Y, et al. (2023-01-10).
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juice. Drinking water represents also a primary nitrate intake source.
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ion, the nitrate ion can be represented by three resonance structures:
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activities, notably from the widespread application of nitrogen-rich
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In the first step of the denitrification process, dissolved nitrate (
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Liu B, Wu J, Yang S, Schiefelbein J, Gan Y (July 2020). Xu G (ed.).
1699:. The production of nitrosamines may be inhibited by the use of the 1375:
than nitrates and are the chemical agent really responsible for the
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in infants is due to the ingestion of nitrates and nitrites through
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
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Polyatomic ion (NO₃, charge –1) found in explosives and fertilisers
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areas that have received excess nitrate fertilizer. The resulting
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levels of nitrate for various types of livestock are as follows:
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Nitrate deposition into ecosystems has markedly increased due to
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accentuating its red coloration. NO is an important biological
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Addiscott TM, Benjamin N (2006). "Nitrate and human health".
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can also be caused by a number of other factors such as the
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in drinkwater, are only the precursor chemical species of
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of carbon compounds liberates large volumes of gases (see
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Sodium nitrate is used to remove air bubbles from molten
4512:"Is There a Difference Between Cured and Uncured Bacon?" 972:, accelerating their degradation and aging process. The 864:), but above the couples Mn(IV)/Mn(II), Fe(III)/Fe(II), 1875:
Nitrate formation with elements of the periodic table:
1652:) consumption is primarily determined by the amount of 1293:
via the formation of nitrite, nitrate is implicated in
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Nitroxyl anion (NO; oxonitrate(1-), hyponitrite anion)
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Human impacts on ecosystems through nitrate deposition
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susceptible to especially affect infants and toddlers.
4239:"Global fertilizer consumption by nutrient 1965-2021" 1867:
The values above are on a dry (moisture-free) basis.
801:, nitrate is the strongest electron acceptor used by 1510:. As a consequence, as nitrate forms a component of 72:
This article is about the ion. For the radical, see
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Methylamine hexamethylene methylamine/NO (MAHMA/NO)
4725: 4645: 4636: 4608: 3811:(21st ed.). Elsevier Inc. pp. 2540–2558. 1390:. Indeed, nitrate anions are too weak oxidizers in 1024:, whereby nitrite is converted to a deeply colored 980:, a condition involved in vascular dysfunction and 789:Meanwhile, nitrate is used as a powerful terminal 4923:Amyl nitrite (isoamyl nitrite, isopentyl nitrite) 797:to deliver the energy they need to thrive. Under 4435:Bingham SA, Hughes R, Cross AJ (November 2002). 1692:of the mouth. Nitrites lead to the formation of 1239:, are used in the prophylaxis and management of 1055:Nitrates are produced by a number of species of 224: 4784:Naproxcinod (nitronaproxen; AZD-3582, HCT-3012) 1191:are used to harden the surface of some metals. 633:of nitrogen. Nitrate is a potentially powerful 135: 4414:. New York: Taylor & Francis. p. 63. 3340:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 1223:In the medical field, nitrate-derived organic 542:The nitrate ion with the partial charges shown 7572: 6613: 5902: 5200:N-Acetyl-N-acetoxy-4-chlorobenzenesulfonamide 4759:Ethylene glycol dinitrate (EGDN; nitroglycol) 4580: 3784:"Nitrate and Nitrite Poisoning: Introduction" 3730:"When does nitrate become a risk for humans?" 1893: 1454:United States Environmental Protection Agency 1271:nitrate reduced by the microbial activity of 46:. For that functional group in medicine, see 8: 1534:concentrations measured in the Pacific Ocean 4364: 4362: 3497:International Journal of Molecular Sciences 3491:Zhang GB, Meng S, Gong JM (November 2018). 506:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 7579: 7565: 7557: 6993: 6792: 6620: 6606: 6598: 5909: 5895: 5887: 5231: 5222: 4642: 4587: 4573: 4565: 4412:Food, Nutrition and Sports Performance III 4375:The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 3372:Lubos E, Handy DE, Loscalzo J (May 2008). 1900: 1886: 1878: 1656:eaten, and the concentration of nitrates ( 1514:, they are widely used as an indicator of 277: 199: 87: 4943:Isobutyl nitrite (2-methylpropyl nitrite) 4853:Nitroglycerin (glyceryl trinitrate (GTN)) 4452: 4386: 4342: 4293: 4283: 4211: 3968: 3958: 3892: 3602: 3518: 3508: 3397: 3332: 3330: 3328: 3326: 1810:Generally safe for beef cattle and sheep 1680:are the nitrogen species chiefly used in 786:of the oxidation reaction to the right. 641:behaviour at high temperature when it is 526:Learn how and when to remove this message 244: 7769: 7703: 7699: 7664: 7645: 3702:Soman B, Vijayaraghavan G (April 2017). 2090: 2024: 2020: 1985: 1966: 1767: 1617:Nitrate ingestion rapidly increases the 1550:combustion. Annually, about 195 million 1089:Nitrates are produced industrially from 1016:material. The sample is introduced in a 976:(ROS) generated by NO contribute to the 887: 858: 835: 777: 765: 698: 687: 683: 679: 656: 652: 537: 460:. An example of an insoluble nitrate is 5019:S-Nitrosocysteine (SNC, CysNO, SNO-Cys) 5009:S-Nitroso-N-valerylpenicillamine (SNVP) 4369:Hord NG, Tang Y, Bryan NS (July 2009). 3322: 1008:of nitrate to nitrite is effected by a 573:arrangement. The nitrate ion carries a 565:surrounded by three identically bonded 333: 298: 273: 7612: 7587:Salts and covalent derivatives of the 5004:S-Nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) 4878:Sodium trioxodinitrate (Angeli's salt) 4063:Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 1933: 1908:Salts and covalent derivatives of the 1625:, NO. Nitric oxide is a physiological 1546:in agriculture and the emissions from 1207:. Due to its high combustibility, the 8556: 4233: 4231: 2877: 305:Key: NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 179: 7: 7599: 5839:non-selective PDE inhibitors (e.g., 4623:Nitric oxide (NO; nitrogen monoxide) 1920: 504:adding citations to reliable sources 4863:Pentaerithrityl tetranitrate (PETN) 4749:Diethylene glycol dinitrate (DEGDN) 4184:Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 609:Chemical and biochemical properties 315:Key: NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYAI 215: 5768:Indirect/downstream NO modulators: 5536:Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) 3846:10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00344.x 25: 5566:Nitroarginine methyl ester (NAME) 5029:S-Nitrosoglutathione (GSNO, SNOG) 4999:S-Nitroso-N-acetylcysteine (SNAC) 4873:Propylene glycol dinitrate (PGDN) 4628:Nitrosonium (NO; nitrosyl cation) 4530:Agriculture and Rural Development 3997:Ground Water & Drinking Water 3873:Environmental Health Perspectives 1059:in the natural environment using 996:is commonly analysed in water by 964:process, but it can also produce 3734:Journal of Environmental Quality 3708:e-Journal of Cardiology Practice 3628:Bioremediation and Biotechnology 1324:One of the most common cause of 1219:Medicinal and pharmaceutical use 1075:processes using urine and dung. 847:, just below the couple oxygen ( 722:, conditions, in the absence of 718:and is stable under sterile, or 601: 476: 94: 5094:Diethylenetriamine/NO (DETA/NO) 1251:. This class of drug, to which 945:hindered than that of nitrate. 403:(at 25 Β°C , 100 kPa). 5294:N-(1-Iminoethyl)-L-ornithine ( 4019:Journal of Hazardous Materials 3583:Journal of Experimental Botany 1871:Salts and covalent derivatives 1676:…) for their curing. Although 1369:microbial reduction of nitrate 988:Detection in chemical analysis 1: 5877:Receptor/signaling modulators 5546:Guanidinoethyldisulfide (GED) 4764:Isosorbide mononitrate (ISMN) 4754:Erythritol tetranitrate (ETN) 4490:10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.03.001 4157:10.1016/j.aquatox.2007.09.004 4039:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.11.055 3809:Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics 3470:10.1016/S0009-9120(98)00015-0 3435:10.1016/S0039-9140(01)00323-X 1471:Sea surface nitrate from the 1347:), often present at too high 746:–pH diagram) drawn using the 5014:S-Nitrosocaptopril (SNO-Cap) 4843:Nitroflurbiprofen (HCT-1026) 4838:Nitroatorvastatin (NCX-6560) 3384:(13). IMR Press: 5323–5344. 1283:. Nitrite is a precursor to 1281:lower gastrointestinal tract 558:, consisting of one central 5489:Aminoguanidine (pimagedine) 5382:Aminoguanidine (pimagedine) 5279:Aminoguanidine (pimagedine) 5043:N-Nitroso compounds (e.g., 4858:Nitropravastatin (NCX-6550) 4769:Isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) 3788:The Merck Veterinary Manual 3636:10.1007/978-3-030-35691-0_1 3556:10.21820/23987073.2018.8.58 1688:and their contact with the 1502:and algae blooms result in 1199:Nitrate was also used as a 30:For the functional group – 8960: 8558: 5775:AT-II receptor antagonists 5520:Nitroarginine (NNA, NOARG) 5357:1-Amino-2-hydroxyguanidine 5329:Nitroarginine (NNA, NOARG) 5076:Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) 4335:10.1007/s13280-020-01429-2 4285:10.3389/fmicb.2022.1070817 4106:"Nitrates in the Aquarium" 3681:10.1579/0044-7447-31.5.404 2879: 1560:soil microbial populations 1313: 1255:also belongs, is known as 672:. However, in contrast to 78: 71: 52: 29: 7614: 7596: 7515: 5870: 4447:(11 Suppl): 3522S–3525S. 4317:Melillo JM (April 2021). 4272:Frontiers in Microbiology 1935: 1917: 1417:due to the production of 1273:nitrate reducing bacteria 1040:Occurrence and production 397: 344: 324: 302:InChI=1S/NO3/c2-1(3)4/q-1 289: 119: 107: 102: 93: 8942:Water quality indicators 5254:3-Chloro-5-nitroindazole 5089:Diethylamine/NO (DEA/NO) 5061:Metal nitrosyl complexes 4989:S-Nitrosoalbumin (SNALB) 4683:Cinaciguat (BAY 58-2667) 4441:The Journal of Nutrition 3917:MedlinePlus Encyclopedia 3349:10.1002/14356007.a17_265 1668:) added to these meats ( 1444:Drinking water standards 772:Le Chatelier's principle 312:InChI=1/NO3/c2-1(3)4/q-1 81:Nitrate (disambiguation) 53:Not to be confused with 8932:Non-coordinating anions 7526:chemical classification 5846:PDE9 inhibitors (e.g., 5334:Pentamidine isethionate 5244:3-Bromo-7-nitroindazole 5131:Heterocyclic compounds: 4655:Activators/stimulators: 4532:. Government of Alberta 4454:10.1093/jn/132.11.3522S 4388:10.3945/ajcn.2008.27131 4204:10.1175/JAS-D-15-0278.1 3834:Soil Use and Management 3378:Frontiers in Bioscience 3343:. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. 3235:f-ratio in oceanography 1450:Safe Drinking Water Act 1438:congenital heart defect 1407:cytochrome b5 reductase 1241:acute coronary syndrome 1018:flow injection analyzer 974:reactive oxygen species 762:under acid conditions ( 5803:L-Type calcium channel 3960:10.1186/1476-069x-9-60 3922:Cyanotic heart disease 3867:Avery AA (July 1999). 3279:, the neutral radical 1535: 1530:Excessive nitrate and 1512:total dissolved solids 1475: 1434:cyanotic heart disease 1249:acute pulmonary oedema 1237:isosorbide mononitrate 960:and intervenes in the 674:red fuming nitric acid 543: 7533:chemical nomenclature 5407:Cindunistat (SD-6010) 5362:2-Ethylaminoguanidine 5119:Spermine/NO (SPER/NO) 4916:O-Nitroso compounds ( 3458:Clinical Biochemistry 1529: 1494:from agricultural or 1470: 1379:of Fe into Fe in the 1245:myocardial infarction 1215:safety film in 1950. 1155:Nitrates are used as 1114:Nitrates are used as 845:anaerobic respiration 839:is at the top of the 795:denitrifying bacteria 541: 109:Systematic IUPAC name 5793:receptor antagonists 5466:Ronopterin (VAS-203) 5165:Molsidomine (SIN-10) 5086:(diazeniumdiolates): 5066:Roussin's black salt 4779:Mannitol hexanitrate 3939:Environmental Health 3885:10.1289/ehp.99107583 3754:10.2134/jeq2007.0177 3510:10.3390/ijms19113535 1760:Domestic animal feed 1279:in water and in the 1275:is the precursor of 1233:isosorbide dinitrate 1048:, a major source of 952:(NO). NO can fix on 816:) to respirate. The 799:anaerobic conditions 784:chemical equilibrium 637:as evidenced by its 500:improve this section 79:For other uses, see 6989:not C, H or O) 5160:Linsidomine (SIN-1) 5057:Nitrosyl compounds: 5024:S-Nitrosodiclofenac 4994:S-Nitrosated AR545C 4979:S-Nitroso compounds 4410:Maughan RJ (2013). 4196:2016JAtS...73.2039K 4149:2007AqTox..85..202R 4031:2017JHzM..324..762B 3951:2010EnvHe...9...60M 3746:2008JEnvQ..37..291P 3673:2002Ambio..31..404K 1752:, prior to forming 1736:diets, such as the 1335:In fact, nitrates ( 1263:Toxicity and safety 1229:glyceryl trinitrate 1211:studios swapped to 1057:nitrifying bacteria 782:), this drives the 728:reduction-oxidation 710:at neutral or high 691:), or concentrated 381: gΒ·mol 90: 7431:Hypervalent iodine 5071:Roussin's red salt 4928:Cyclohexyl nitrite 4819:Nipradilol (K-351) 4514:. 9 December 2022. 4137:Aquatic Toxicology 3595:10.1093/jxb/erz536 1627:signaling molecule 1610:can be present in 1536: 1476: 1430:blue baby syndrome 1316:Blue baby syndrome 1163:, where the rapid 1159:, most notably in 998:ion chromatography 970:biological tissues 958:signaling molecule 931:enzymatic activity 544: 468:Chemical structure 462:bismuth oxynitrate 407:Infobox references 88: 8917:Functional groups 8894: 8893: 8888: 8887: 7554: 7553: 7492:Sulfenyl chloride 7470: 7469: 6969: 6968: 6788:(only C, H and O) 6629:Functional groups 6595: 6594: 5884: 5883: 5709: 5700: 5683: 5682: 5616: 5594: 5593: 5514: 5510: 5501: 5497: 5494:N-(1-Iminoethyl)- 5460: 5456: 5447: 5443: 5440:N-(1-Iminoethyl)- 5434: 5430: 5427:N-(1-Iminoethyl)- 5367:2-Iminopiperidine 5323: 5319: 5310: 5306: 5297: 5219: 4948:Isopropyl nitrite 4894:Nitroso compounds 4736: 4721: 4720: 4421:978-0-415-62792-4 4104:Sharpe, Shirlie. 4075:10.1897/07-144r.1 4025:(Pt B): 762–772. 3818:978-0-323-52950-1 3645:978-3-030-35690-3 3589:(15): 4405–4414. 3277:Nitrogen trioxide 3215: 3214: 3209: 3208: 1865: 1864: 1748:, as detected in 1734:Anti-hypertensive 1564:nitrogen fixation 1473:World Ocean Atlas 1326:methemoglobinemia 1320:Methemoglobinemia 1310:Methemoglobinemia 1295:methemoglobinemia 1257:nitrovasodilators 1213:cellulose acetate 1195:Photographic film 1108:chemical compound 1084:occult deposition 791:electron acceptor 670:primary explosive 664:, ignited by the 536: 535: 528: 415:Chemical compound 413: 412: 258:CompTox Dashboard 161:Interactive image 16:(Redirected from 8949: 7782: 7780: 7779: 7776: 7707: 7668: 7658: 7656: 7655: 7652: 7600: 7581: 7574: 7567: 7558: 7521: 7426:Trifluoromethoxy 6994: 6990: 6793: 6789: 6642: 6622: 6615: 6608: 6599: 6585: 6573: 6549: 6538:Oxidation states 6367: 6366: 6335: 6334: 6269: 6268: 6233: 6232: 6221: 6220: 6166: 6165: 5911: 5904: 5897: 5888: 5810:dihydropyridines 5710:-arginine (NOHA) 5707: 5698: 5652:alpha aminoacids 5622:chlorogenic acid 5617:-arginine (NOHA) 5614: 5512: 5508: 5499: 5495: 5458: 5454: 5445: 5441: 5432: 5428: 5321: 5317: 5308: 5304: 5295: 5249:3-Chloroindazole 5232: 5223: 5213: 4911: 4910: 4848:Nitrofluvastatin 4832: 4831: 4774:Itramin tosilate 4730: 4643: 4589: 4582: 4575: 4566: 4542: 4541: 4539: 4537: 4522: 4516: 4515: 4508: 4502: 4501: 4473: 4467: 4466: 4456: 4432: 4426: 4425: 4407: 4401: 4400: 4390: 4366: 4357: 4356: 4346: 4314: 4308: 4307: 4297: 4287: 4259: 4253: 4252: 4250: 4249: 4235: 4226: 4225: 4215: 4190:(5): 2039–2047. 4175: 4169: 4168: 4132: 4126: 4125: 4123: 4121: 4116:on July 24, 2011 4112:. Archived from 4101: 4095: 4094: 4069:(9): 1955–1962. 4057: 4051: 4050: 4013: 4007: 4006: 4004: 4003: 3989: 3983: 3982: 3972: 3962: 3930: 3924: 3913: 3907: 3906: 3896: 3864: 3858: 3857: 3829: 3823: 3822: 3804: 3798: 3797: 3795: 3794: 3780: 3774: 3773: 3725: 3719: 3718: 3716: 3715: 3699: 3693: 3692: 3656: 3650: 3649: 3623: 3617: 3616: 3606: 3574: 3568: 3567: 3539: 3533: 3532: 3522: 3512: 3488: 3482: 3481: 3453: 3447: 3446: 3418: 3412: 3411: 3401: 3369: 3363: 3362: 3334: 3307: 3306: 3305: 3290: 3289: 3288: 3268: 3267: 3266: 2103: 2101: 2100: 2097: 2028: 1989: 1979: 1977: 1976: 1973: 1921: 1902: 1895: 1888: 1879: 1768: 1708:alpha-tocopherol 1667: 1666: 1665: 1662: 1651: 1650: 1649: 1646: 1609: 1608: 1607: 1576:nutrient cycling 1463:Aquatic toxicity 1392:aqueous solution 1366: 1365: 1364: 1361: 1346: 1345: 1344: 1341: 1297:, a disorder of 1171:as an example). 1157:oxidizing agents 978:oxidative stress 928: 927: 926: 923: 909: 908: 907: 904: 890: 879: 875: 874: 873: 870: 863: 838: 831: 830: 829: 826: 781: 769: 757: 740:Pourbaix diagram 732:electrochemistry 708:aqueous solution 701: 690: 659: 647:ammonium nitrate 631:oxidation number 624: 623: 622: 619: 605: 586: 585: 581: 531: 524: 520: 517: 511: 480: 472: 444:containing this 439: 438: 437: 427:chemical formula 380: 367: 366: 365: 352:Chemical formula 282: 281: 266: 264: 248: 228: 217: 203: 183: 163: 139: 98: 91: 64: 63: 62: 48:Nitrovasodilator 41: 40: 39: 21: 8959: 8958: 8952: 8951: 8950: 8948: 8947: 8946: 8897: 8896: 8895: 8890: 8889: 8871: 8867: 8859: 8855: 8847: 8843: 8835: 8831: 8823: 8819: 8811: 8807: 8799: 8795: 8791: 8783: 8779: 8771: 8767: 8759: 8755: 8742: 8738: 8730: 8726: 8718: 8714: 8706: 8702: 8694: 8690: 8682: 8678: 8670: 8666: 8658: 8654: 8646: 8642: 8634: 8630: 8622: 8618: 8610: 8606: 8598: 8594: 8589: 8587: 8583: 8575: 8571: 8500: 8496: 8488: 8472: 8468: 8459: 8454: 8452: 8448: 8440: 8436: 8428: 8424: 8419: 8417: 8409: 8405: 8400: 8398: 8394: 8390: 8382: 8378: 8370: 8366: 8358: 8354: 8350: 8339: 8335: 8327: 8323: 8319: 8311: 8307: 8299: 8295: 8287: 8283: 8272: 8268: 8260: 8250: 8246: 8238: 8233: 8231: 8220: 8216: 8212: 8208: 8204: 8196: 8192: 8184: 8180: 8172: 8168: 8160: 8156: 8151: 8149: 8141: 8137: 8132: 8130: 8126: 8118: 8114: 8100: 8096: 8092: 8084: 8080: 8072: 8068: 8060: 8056: 8046: 8042: 8034: 8019: 8017: 8009: 7995: 7991: 7983: 7979: 7971: 7967: 7962: 7960: 7952: 7948: 7940: 7936: 7931: 7929: 7925: 7917: 7913: 7908: 7906: 7902: 7894: 7890: 7882: 7878: 7870: 7866: 7858: 7854: 7846: 7842: 7832: 7828: 7820: 7805: 7803: 7795: 7777: 7774: 7773: 7771: 7766: 7765: 7763: 7759: 7751: 7747: 7739: 7724: 7722: 7714: 7705: 7701: 7696: 7695: 7693: 7685: 7681: 7676: 7674: 7669: 7666: 7661: 7653: 7650: 7649: 7647: 7642: 7638: 7634: 7626: 7607: 7592: 7585: 7555: 7550: 7519: 7511: 7466: 7421:Trichloromethyl 7416:Trifluoromethyl 7390: 7367: 7329: 7306: 7201: 7170:Phosphine oxide 7122: 6988: 6986: 6985: 6983: 6981: 6979: 6977: 6975: 6965: 6925: 6868: 6787: 6786: 6781: 6776: 6766: 6640: 6639: 6631: 6626: 6596: 6591: 6579: 6567: 6543: 6532: 6528: 6520: 6512: 6504: 6495: 6487: 6483: 6474: 6466: 6458: 6450: 6442: 6434: 6426: 6418: 6408: 6399: 6391: 6371: 6365: 6362: 6361: 6360: 6358: 6351: 6347: 6343: 6333: 6330: 6329: 6328: 6321: 6314: 6310: 6297: 6289: 6285: 6276: 6267: 6264: 6263: 6262: 6260: 6253: 6241: 6231: 6228: 6227: 6226: 6219: 6216: 6215: 6214: 6209: 6201: 6197: 6189: 6185: 6178: 6164: 6161: 6160: 6159: 6154: 6146: 6142: 6134: 6113: 6109: 6096: 6092: 6068: 6060: 6037: 6024: 6009: 6003: 5994: 5986: 5978: 5974: 5965: 5952: 5944: 5936: 5921: 5915: 5885: 5880: 5866: 5830:PDE5 inhibitors 5792: 5756: 5743: 5679: 5656: 5590: 5524: 5475: 5343: 5269:7-Nitroindazole 5264:6-Nitroindazole 5259:5-Nitroindazole 5212: 5204: 4981:(thionitrites): 4909: 4906: 4905: 4904: 4868:Propatylnitrate 4830: 4827: 4826: 4825: 4729: 4717: 4632: 4604: 4593: 4551: 4546: 4545: 4535: 4533: 4524: 4523: 4519: 4510: 4509: 4505: 4475: 4474: 4470: 4434: 4433: 4429: 4422: 4409: 4408: 4404: 4368: 4367: 4360: 4316: 4315: 4311: 4266:Lycium barbarum 4261: 4260: 4256: 4247: 4245: 4237: 4236: 4229: 4177: 4176: 4172: 4134: 4133: 4129: 4119: 4117: 4103: 4102: 4098: 4059: 4058: 4054: 4015: 4014: 4010: 4001: 3999: 3991: 3990: 3986: 3932: 3931: 3927: 3914: 3910: 3866: 3865: 3861: 3831: 3830: 3826: 3819: 3806: 3805: 3801: 3792: 3790: 3782: 3781: 3777: 3727: 3726: 3722: 3713: 3711: 3701: 3700: 3696: 3658: 3657: 3653: 3646: 3625: 3624: 3620: 3576: 3575: 3571: 3541: 3540: 3536: 3490: 3489: 3485: 3455: 3454: 3450: 3420: 3419: 3415: 3371: 3370: 3366: 3359: 3336: 3335: 3324: 3319: 3304: 3301: 3300: 3299: 3297: 3287: 3284: 3283: 3282: 3280: 3265: 3262: 3261: 3260: 3258: 3221: 3216: 3211: 3210: 3192: 3188: 3180: 3176: 3168: 3164: 3156: 3152: 3144: 3140: 3132: 3128: 3120: 3116: 3112: 3104: 3100: 3092: 3088: 3080: 3076: 3063: 3059: 3051: 3047: 3039: 3035: 3027: 3023: 3015: 3011: 3003: 2999: 2991: 2987: 2979: 2975: 2967: 2963: 2955: 2951: 2943: 2939: 2931: 2927: 2919: 2915: 2910: 2908: 2904: 2896: 2892: 2821: 2817: 2809: 2793: 2789: 2780: 2775: 2773: 2769: 2761: 2757: 2749: 2745: 2740: 2738: 2730: 2726: 2721: 2719: 2715: 2711: 2703: 2699: 2691: 2687: 2679: 2675: 2671: 2660: 2656: 2648: 2644: 2640: 2632: 2628: 2620: 2616: 2608: 2604: 2593: 2589: 2581: 2571: 2567: 2559: 2554: 2552: 2541: 2537: 2533: 2529: 2525: 2517: 2513: 2505: 2501: 2493: 2489: 2481: 2477: 2472: 2470: 2462: 2458: 2453: 2451: 2447: 2439: 2435: 2421: 2417: 2413: 2405: 2401: 2393: 2389: 2381: 2377: 2367: 2363: 2355: 2340: 2338: 2330: 2316: 2312: 2304: 2300: 2292: 2288: 2283: 2281: 2273: 2269: 2261: 2257: 2252: 2250: 2246: 2238: 2234: 2229: 2227: 2223: 2215: 2211: 2203: 2199: 2191: 2187: 2179: 2175: 2167: 2163: 2153: 2149: 2141: 2126: 2124: 2116: 2098: 2095: 2094: 2092: 2087: 2086: 2084: 2080: 2072: 2068: 2060: 2045: 2043: 2035: 2026: 2022: 2017: 2016: 2014: 2006: 2002: 1997: 1995: 1990: 1987: 1982: 1974: 1971: 1970: 1968: 1963: 1959: 1955: 1947: 1928: 1913: 1906: 1873: 1790: 1783: 1777: 1762: 1728:sodium chloride 1714:during curing. 1663: 1660: 1659: 1657: 1654:processed meats 1647: 1644: 1643: 1641: 1635: 1606: 1603: 1602: 1601: 1599: 1588: 1586:Dietary nitrate 1572:denitrification 1524: 1465: 1446: 1415:gastroenteritis 1362: 1359: 1358: 1356: 1342: 1339: 1338: 1336: 1322: 1314:Main articles: 1312: 1303:red blood cells 1265: 1221: 1197: 1177: 1153: 1104: 1099: 1042: 1034:detection limit 990: 924: 921: 920: 918: 905: 902: 901: 899: 889: 885: 883: 877: 871: 868: 867: 865: 860: 855: 852: 837: 833: 827: 824: 823: 821: 779: 775: 767: 763: 755: 748:Nernst equation 745: 736:reducing agents 716:oxidizing agent 714:is only a weak 700: 696: 689: 685: 681: 677: 658: 654: 650: 627:oxidation state 620: 617: 616: 614: 611: 606: 583: 579: 578: 571:trigonal planar 532: 521: 515: 512: 497: 481: 470: 436: 433: 432: 431: 429: 416: 409: 404: 378: 364: 361: 360: 359: 357: 354: 340: 337: 332: 331: 320: 317: 316: 313: 307: 306: 303: 297: 296: 285: 267: 260: 251: 231: 218: 206: 186: 166: 153: 142: 129: 115: 114: 84: 77: 74:nitrate radical 70: 61: 58: 57: 56: 54: 51: 38: 35: 34: 33: 31: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8957: 8956: 8953: 8945: 8944: 8939: 8934: 8929: 8927:Nitrogen cycle 8924: 8919: 8914: 8909: 8899: 8898: 8892: 8891: 8886: 8885: 8882: 8879: 8876: 8873: 8869: 8865: 8861: 8857: 8853: 8849: 8845: 8841: 8837: 8833: 8829: 8825: 8821: 8817: 8813: 8809: 8805: 8801: 8797: 8793: 8789: 8785: 8781: 8777: 8773: 8769: 8765: 8761: 8757: 8753: 8749: 8745: 8744: 8740: 8736: 8732: 8728: 8724: 8720: 8716: 8712: 8708: 8704: 8700: 8696: 8692: 8688: 8684: 8680: 8676: 8672: 8668: 8664: 8660: 8656: 8652: 8648: 8644: 8640: 8636: 8632: 8628: 8624: 8620: 8616: 8612: 8608: 8604: 8600: 8596: 8592: 8585: 8581: 8577: 8573: 8569: 8565: 8561: 8560: 8557: 8554: 8553: 8550: 8547: 8544: 8541: 8538: 8535: 8532: 8529: 8526: 8523: 8520: 8517: 8514: 8511: 8508: 8505: 8502: 8498: 8494: 8490: 8486: 8481: 8480: 8477: 8474: 8470: 8466: 8462: 8457: 8450: 8446: 8442: 8438: 8434: 8430: 8426: 8422: 8415: 8411: 8407: 8403: 8396: 8392: 8388: 8384: 8380: 8376: 8372: 8368: 8364: 8360: 8356: 8352: 8348: 8344: 8341: 8337: 8333: 8329: 8325: 8321: 8317: 8313: 8309: 8305: 8301: 8297: 8293: 8289: 8285: 8281: 8277: 8274: 8270: 8266: 8262: 8258: 8253: 8252: 8248: 8244: 8240: 8236: 8229: 8225: 8222: 8218: 8214: 8210: 8206: 8202: 8198: 8194: 8190: 8186: 8182: 8178: 8174: 8170: 8166: 8162: 8158: 8154: 8147: 8143: 8139: 8135: 8128: 8124: 8120: 8116: 8112: 8108: 8105: 8102: 8098: 8094: 8090: 8086: 8082: 8078: 8074: 8070: 8066: 8062: 8058: 8054: 8050: 8048: 8044: 8040: 8036: 8032: 8027: 8026: 8023: 8015: 8011: 8007: 8003: 8000: 7997: 7993: 7989: 7985: 7981: 7977: 7973: 7969: 7965: 7958: 7954: 7950: 7946: 7942: 7938: 7934: 7927: 7923: 7919: 7915: 7911: 7904: 7900: 7896: 7892: 7888: 7884: 7880: 7876: 7872: 7868: 7864: 7860: 7856: 7852: 7848: 7844: 7840: 7836: 7834: 7830: 7826: 7822: 7818: 7813: 7812: 7809: 7801: 7797: 7793: 7789: 7786: 7783: 7761: 7757: 7753: 7749: 7745: 7741: 7737: 7732: 7731: 7728: 7720: 7716: 7712: 7708: 7691: 7687: 7683: 7679: 7672: 7659: 7640: 7636: 7632: 7628: 7624: 7619: 7618: 7615: 7613: 7611: 7609: 7605: 7598: 7597: 7594: 7593: 7586: 7584: 7583: 7576: 7569: 7561: 7552: 7551: 7549: 7548: 7547: 7546: 7541: 7529: 7522: 7516: 7513: 7512: 7510: 7509: 7507:Sulfinylamines 7504: 7499: 7494: 7489: 7487:Phosphoramides 7484: 7482:Isothiocyanate 7478: 7476: 7472: 7471: 7468: 7467: 7465: 7464: 7459: 7458: 7457: 7447: 7446: 7445: 7435: 7434: 7433: 7428: 7423: 7418: 7413: 7402: 7400: 7392: 7391: 7389: 7388: 7383: 7377: 7375: 7369: 7368: 7366: 7365: 7360: 7358:Selenenic acid 7355: 7353:Seleninic acid 7350: 7348:Selenonic acid 7345: 7339: 7337: 7331: 7330: 7328: 7327: 7322: 7316: 7314: 7308: 7307: 7305: 7304: 7299: 7294: 7289: 7284: 7279: 7274: 7269: 7264: 7259: 7254: 7249: 7244: 7239: 7234: 7229: 7228: 7227: 7217: 7211: 7209: 7203: 7202: 7200: 7199: 7194: 7189: 7184: 7183: 7182: 7172: 7167: 7162: 7157: 7156: 7155: 7145: 7144: 7143: 7141:Phosphodiester 7132: 7130: 7124: 7123: 7121: 7120: 7115: 7110: 7105: 7100: 7095: 7090: 7085: 7080: 7075: 7070: 7065: 7060: 7055: 7050: 7045: 7040: 7035: 7030: 7025: 7020: 7019: 7018: 7013: 7002: 7000: 6991: 6987:(one element, 6971: 6970: 6967: 6966: 6964: 6963: 6962: 6961: 6951: 6950: 6949: 6944: 6933: 6931: 6927: 6926: 6924: 6923: 6918: 6913: 6912: 6911: 6901: 6900: 6899: 6894: 6889: 6878: 6876: 6870: 6869: 6867: 6866: 6864:Methylenedioxy 6861: 6856: 6855: 6854: 6849: 6839: 6838: 6837: 6832: 6822: 6821: 6820: 6810: 6805: 6799: 6797: 6790: 6768: 6767: 6765: 6764: 6759: 6754: 6753: 6752: 6747: 6737: 6736: 6735: 6730: 6725: 6720: 6715: 6710: 6700: 6699: 6698: 6693: 6683: 6682: 6681: 6676: 6671: 6666: 6661: 6656: 6645: 6643: 6641:(only C and H) 6633: 6632: 6627: 6625: 6624: 6617: 6610: 6602: 6593: 6592: 6542: 6540: 6534: 6533: 6531: 6530: 6526: 6522: 6518: 6514: 6510: 6506: 6502: 6498: 6493: 6489: 6485: 6481: 6477: 6472: 6468: 6464: 6460: 6456: 6452: 6448: 6444: 6440: 6436: 6432: 6428: 6424: 6420: 6416: 6412: 6406: 6401: 6397: 6393: 6389: 6385: 6379: 6377: 6373: 6372: 6370: 6369: 6363: 6356: 6349: 6345: 6341: 6337: 6331: 6324: 6319: 6312: 6308: 6304: 6295: 6291: 6287: 6283: 6279: 6274: 6265: 6258: 6251: 6243: 6239: 6235: 6229: 6217: 6207: 6203: 6199: 6195: 6191: 6187: 6183: 6176: 6172: 6162: 6152: 6148: 6144: 6140: 6136: 6132: 6123: 6121: 6115: 6114: 6112: 6111: 6107: 6103: 6098: 6094: 6090: 6086: 6081: 6076: 6071: 6066: 6062: 6058: 6054: 6049: 6044: 6039: 6035: 6031: 6026: 6022: 6017: 6015: 6011: 6010: 6008: 6007: 6001: 5996: 5992: 5988: 5984: 5980: 5976: 5972: 5968: 5963: 5959: 5954: 5950: 5946: 5942: 5938: 5934: 5929: 5927: 5923: 5922: 5916: 5914: 5913: 5906: 5899: 5891: 5882: 5881: 5871: 5868: 5867: 5865: 5864: 5854: 5851: 5844: 5837: 5827: 5817: 5800: 5790: 5786: 5771:ACE inhibitors 5764: 5763: 5758: 5754: 5750: 5745: 5741: 5737: 5732: 5727: 5722: 5713: 5712: 5703: 5691: 5689: 5685: 5684: 5681: 5680: 5678: 5677: 5672: 5666: 5664: 5658: 5657: 5655: 5654: 5649: 5644: 5639: 5634: 5629: 5624: 5619: 5610: 5604: 5602: 5596: 5595: 5592: 5591: 5589: 5588: 5583: 5578: 5573: 5568: 5563: 5558: 5553: 5548: 5543: 5538: 5532: 5530: 5526: 5525: 5523: 5522: 5517: 5504: 5491: 5485: 5483: 5477: 5476: 5474: 5473: 5468: 5463: 5450: 5437: 5424: 5419: 5414: 5409: 5404: 5399: 5394: 5389: 5384: 5379: 5374: 5369: 5364: 5359: 5353: 5351: 5345: 5344: 5342: 5341: 5336: 5331: 5326: 5313: 5300: 5291: 5286: 5281: 5276: 5271: 5266: 5261: 5256: 5251: 5246: 5240: 5238: 5229: 5220: 5206: 5205: 5203: 5202: 5197: 5192: 5187: 5182: 5173: 5172: 5167: 5162: 5157: 5142: 5127: 5126: 5121: 5116: 5111: 5106: 5101: 5096: 5091: 5079: 5078: 5073: 5068: 5053: 5052: 5036: 5031: 5026: 5021: 5016: 5011: 5006: 5001: 4996: 4991: 4986: 4974:-Butyl nitrite 4968: 4966:Pentyl nitrite 4963: 4961:-Butyl nitrite 4955: 4953:Methyl nitrite 4950: 4945: 4940: 4935: 4930: 4925: 4918:alkyl nitrites 4907: 4889: 4888: 4883: 4880: 4875: 4870: 4865: 4860: 4855: 4850: 4845: 4840: 4835: 4828: 4821: 4816: 4811: 4806: 4801: 4796: 4791: 4786: 4781: 4776: 4771: 4766: 4761: 4756: 4751: 4739: 4737: 4723: 4722: 4719: 4718: 4716: 4715: 4706: 4705: 4700: 4695: 4690: 4685: 4680: 4675: 4670: 4665: 4660: 4651: 4649: 4640: 4634: 4633: 4631: 4630: 4625: 4620: 4614: 4612: 4606: 4605: 4594: 4592: 4591: 4584: 4577: 4569: 4563: 4562: 4550: 4549:External links 4547: 4544: 4543: 4517: 4503: 4484:(3): 274–279. 4468: 4427: 4420: 4402: 4358: 4329:(4): 759–763. 4309: 4254: 4227: 4170: 4143:(3): 202–208. 4127: 4096: 4052: 4008: 3984: 3925: 3908: 3859: 3824: 3817: 3799: 3775: 3740:(2): 291–295. 3720: 3694: 3667:(5): 404–408. 3651: 3644: 3618: 3569: 3534: 3483: 3464:(4): 195–220. 3448: 3429:(5): 785–803. 3413: 3364: 3358:978-3527306732 3357: 3321: 3320: 3318: 3315: 3314: 3313: 3311:Sodium nitrate 3308: 3302: 3291: 3285: 3274: 3272:Nitrogen oxide 3269: 3263: 3252: 3247: 3242: 3237: 3232: 3230:Eutrophication 3227: 3220: 3217: 3213: 3212: 3207: 3206: 3203: 3200: 3197: 3194: 3190: 3186: 3182: 3178: 3174: 3170: 3166: 3162: 3158: 3154: 3150: 3146: 3142: 3138: 3134: 3130: 3126: 3122: 3118: 3114: 3110: 3106: 3102: 3098: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3082: 3078: 3074: 3070: 3066: 3065: 3061: 3057: 3053: 3049: 3045: 3041: 3037: 3033: 3029: 3025: 3021: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3005: 3001: 2997: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2969: 2965: 2961: 2957: 2953: 2949: 2945: 2941: 2937: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2921: 2917: 2913: 2906: 2902: 2898: 2894: 2890: 2886: 2882: 2881: 2878: 2875: 2874: 2871: 2868: 2865: 2862: 2859: 2856: 2853: 2850: 2847: 2844: 2841: 2838: 2835: 2832: 2829: 2826: 2823: 2819: 2815: 2811: 2807: 2802: 2801: 2798: 2795: 2791: 2787: 2783: 2778: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2743: 2736: 2732: 2728: 2724: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2705: 2701: 2697: 2693: 2689: 2685: 2681: 2677: 2673: 2669: 2665: 2662: 2658: 2654: 2650: 2646: 2642: 2638: 2634: 2630: 2626: 2622: 2618: 2614: 2610: 2606: 2602: 2598: 2595: 2591: 2587: 2583: 2579: 2574: 2573: 2569: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2550: 2546: 2543: 2539: 2535: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2499: 2495: 2491: 2487: 2483: 2479: 2475: 2468: 2464: 2460: 2456: 2449: 2445: 2441: 2437: 2433: 2429: 2426: 2423: 2419: 2415: 2411: 2407: 2403: 2399: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2383: 2379: 2375: 2371: 2369: 2365: 2361: 2357: 2353: 2348: 2347: 2344: 2336: 2332: 2328: 2324: 2321: 2318: 2314: 2310: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2286: 2279: 2275: 2271: 2267: 2263: 2259: 2255: 2248: 2244: 2240: 2236: 2232: 2225: 2221: 2217: 2213: 2209: 2205: 2201: 2197: 2193: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2177: 2173: 2169: 2165: 2161: 2157: 2155: 2151: 2147: 2143: 2139: 2134: 2133: 2130: 2122: 2118: 2114: 2110: 2107: 2104: 2082: 2078: 2074: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2053: 2052: 2049: 2041: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2012: 2008: 2004: 2000: 1993: 1980: 1961: 1957: 1953: 1949: 1945: 1940: 1939: 1936: 1934: 1932: 1930: 1926: 1919: 1918: 1915: 1914: 1907: 1905: 1904: 1897: 1890: 1882: 1872: 1869: 1863: 1862: 1859: 1858:< 2.00 1856: 1855:< 0.28 1853: 1852:< 1.23 1850: 1846: 1845: 1842: 1839: 1836: 1833: 1829: 1828: 1825: 1822: 1819: 1816: 1812: 1811: 1808: 1807:< 0.81 1805: 1804:< 0.12 1802: 1799: 1795: 1794: 1791: 1788: 1785: 1781: 1778: 1775: 1772: 1761: 1758: 1750:saliva testing 1634: 1631: 1604: 1587: 1584: 1523: 1520: 1500:eutrophication 1492:surface runoff 1464: 1461: 1445: 1442: 1311: 1308: 1307: 1306: 1291: 1264: 1261: 1220: 1217: 1205:nitrocellulose 1196: 1193: 1187:. Mixtures of 1176: 1173: 1152: 1149: 1103: 1100: 1098: 1095: 1050:sodium nitrate 1041: 1038: 989: 986: 917:into nitrite ( 881: 850: 806:microorganisms 776:2 OH β†’ O + H 743: 724:microorganisms 610: 607: 600: 552:conjugate base 534: 533: 484: 482: 475: 469: 466: 434: 423:polyatomic ion 414: 411: 410: 405: 401:standard state 398: 395: 394: 389: 387:Conjugate acid 383: 382: 376: 370: 369: 362: 355: 350: 347: 346: 342: 341: 339: 338: 335: 327: 326: 325: 322: 321: 319: 318: 314: 311: 310: 308: 304: 301: 300: 292: 291: 290: 287: 286: 284: 283: 270: 268: 256: 253: 252: 250: 249: 241: 239: 233: 232: 230: 229: 221: 219: 211: 208: 207: 205: 204: 196: 194: 188: 187: 185: 184: 176: 174: 168: 167: 165: 164: 156: 154: 147: 144: 143: 141: 140: 132: 130: 125: 122: 121: 117: 116: 112: 111: 105: 104: 100: 99: 59: 36: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8955: 8954: 8943: 8940: 8938: 8935: 8933: 8930: 8928: 8925: 8923: 8920: 8918: 8915: 8913: 8912:Curing agents 8910: 8908: 8905: 8904: 8902: 8883: 8880: 8877: 8874: 8872: 8862: 8860: 8850: 8848: 8838: 8836: 8826: 8824: 8814: 8812: 8802: 8800: 8786: 8784: 8774: 8772: 8762: 8760: 8750: 8747: 8746: 8743: 8733: 8731: 8721: 8719: 8709: 8707: 8697: 8695: 8685: 8683: 8673: 8671: 8661: 8659: 8649: 8647: 8637: 8635: 8625: 8623: 8613: 8611: 8601: 8599: 8588: 8578: 8576: 8566: 8563: 8562: 8555: 8551: 8548: 8545: 8542: 8539: 8536: 8533: 8530: 8527: 8524: 8521: 8518: 8515: 8512: 8509: 8506: 8503: 8501: 8491: 8489: 8483: 8482: 8478: 8475: 8473: 8463: 8461: 8453: 8443: 8441: 8431: 8429: 8418: 8412: 8410: 8399: 8385: 8383: 8373: 8371: 8361: 8359: 8345: 8342: 8340: 8330: 8328: 8314: 8312: 8302: 8300: 8290: 8288: 8278: 8275: 8273: 8263: 8261: 8255: 8254: 8251: 8241: 8239: 8232: 8226: 8223: 8221: 8199: 8197: 8187: 8185: 8175: 8173: 8163: 8161: 8150: 8144: 8142: 8131: 8121: 8119: 8109: 8106: 8103: 8101: 8087: 8085: 8075: 8073: 8063: 8061: 8051: 8049: 8047: 8037: 8035: 8029: 8028: 8024: 8022: 8018: 8012: 8010: 8004: 8001: 7998: 7996: 7986: 7984: 7974: 7972: 7961: 7955: 7953: 7943: 7941: 7930: 7920: 7918: 7907: 7897: 7895: 7885: 7883: 7873: 7871: 7861: 7859: 7849: 7847: 7837: 7835: 7833: 7823: 7821: 7815: 7814: 7810: 7808: 7804: 7798: 7796: 7790: 7787: 7784: 7781: 7764: 7754: 7752: 7742: 7740: 7734: 7733: 7729: 7727: 7723: 7717: 7715: 7709: 7706: 7694: 7688: 7686: 7675: 7667: 7660: 7657: 7641: 7639: 7629: 7627: 7621: 7620: 7616: 7610: 7608: 7602: 7601: 7595: 7590: 7582: 7577: 7575: 7570: 7568: 7563: 7562: 7559: 7545: 7542: 7540: 7537: 7536: 7535: 7534: 7530: 7528: 7527: 7523: 7518: 7517: 7514: 7508: 7505: 7503: 7500: 7498: 7495: 7493: 7490: 7488: 7485: 7483: 7480: 7479: 7477: 7473: 7463: 7460: 7456: 7453: 7452: 7451: 7448: 7444: 7441: 7440: 7439: 7436: 7432: 7429: 7427: 7424: 7422: 7419: 7417: 7414: 7412: 7409: 7408: 7407: 7404: 7403: 7401: 7399: 7398: 7393: 7387: 7386:Telluroketone 7384: 7382: 7379: 7378: 7376: 7374: 7370: 7364: 7361: 7359: 7356: 7354: 7351: 7349: 7346: 7344: 7341: 7340: 7338: 7336: 7332: 7326: 7323: 7321: 7318: 7317: 7315: 7313: 7309: 7303: 7300: 7298: 7295: 7293: 7290: 7288: 7285: 7283: 7280: 7278: 7275: 7273: 7272:Sulfonic acid 7270: 7268: 7265: 7263: 7262:Sulfinic acid 7260: 7258: 7257:Thiosulfonate 7255: 7253: 7250: 7248: 7247:Thiosulfinate 7245: 7243: 7242:Sulfenic acid 7240: 7238: 7235: 7233: 7230: 7226: 7223: 7222: 7221: 7218: 7216: 7213: 7212: 7210: 7208: 7204: 7198: 7197:Phosphaallene 7195: 7193: 7192:Phosphaalkyne 7190: 7188: 7187:Phosphaalkene 7185: 7181: 7178: 7177: 7176: 7173: 7171: 7168: 7166: 7163: 7161: 7158: 7154: 7151: 7150: 7149: 7146: 7142: 7139: 7138: 7137: 7134: 7133: 7131: 7129: 7125: 7119: 7116: 7114: 7111: 7109: 7106: 7104: 7101: 7099: 7096: 7094: 7091: 7089: 7086: 7084: 7081: 7079: 7076: 7074: 7071: 7069: 7066: 7064: 7061: 7059: 7056: 7054: 7051: 7049: 7046: 7044: 7041: 7039: 7036: 7034: 7031: 7029: 7026: 7024: 7021: 7017: 7014: 7012: 7009: 7008: 7007: 7004: 7003: 7001: 6999: 6995: 6992: 6972: 6960: 6957: 6956: 6955: 6952: 6948: 6945: 6943: 6940: 6939: 6938: 6935: 6934: 6932: 6928: 6922: 6919: 6917: 6914: 6910: 6907: 6906: 6905: 6902: 6898: 6895: 6893: 6890: 6888: 6885: 6884: 6883: 6880: 6879: 6877: 6875: 6871: 6865: 6862: 6860: 6859:Ethylenedioxy 6857: 6853: 6850: 6848: 6845: 6844: 6843: 6840: 6836: 6833: 6831: 6828: 6827: 6826: 6823: 6819: 6816: 6815: 6814: 6811: 6809: 6806: 6804: 6801: 6800: 6798: 6794: 6791: 6785: 6779: 6774: 6769: 6763: 6760: 6758: 6755: 6751: 6748: 6746: 6743: 6742: 6741: 6738: 6734: 6731: 6729: 6726: 6724: 6721: 6719: 6716: 6714: 6711: 6709: 6706: 6705: 6704: 6701: 6697: 6694: 6692: 6689: 6688: 6687: 6684: 6680: 6677: 6675: 6672: 6670: 6667: 6665: 6662: 6660: 6657: 6655: 6652: 6651: 6650: 6647: 6646: 6644: 6638: 6634: 6630: 6623: 6618: 6616: 6611: 6609: 6604: 6603: 6600: 6589: 6584: 6583: 6577: 6572: 6571: 6565: 6561: 6557: 6553: 6548: 6547: 6541: 6539: 6535: 6529: 6523: 6521: 6515: 6513: 6507: 6505: 6499: 6497: 6490: 6488: 6478: 6476: 6469: 6467: 6461: 6459: 6453: 6451: 6445: 6443: 6437: 6435: 6429: 6427: 6421: 6419: 6413: 6410: 6409: 6402: 6400: 6394: 6392: 6386: 6384: 6381: 6380: 6378: 6374: 6368: 6352: 6338: 6336: 6325: 6323: 6315: 6305: 6303: 6299: 6292: 6290: 6280: 6278: 6270: 6254: 6247: 6244: 6242: 6236: 6234: 6222: 6210: 6204: 6202: 6192: 6190: 6179: 6173: 6171: 6167: 6155: 6149: 6147: 6137: 6135: 6128: 6125: 6124: 6122: 6120: 6116: 6110: 6104: 6102: 6099: 6097: 6087: 6085: 6082: 6080: 6077: 6075: 6072: 6070: 6063: 6061: 6055: 6053: 6050: 6048: 6045: 6043: 6040: 6038: 6032: 6030: 6027: 6025: 6019: 6018: 6016: 6012: 6005: 6004: 5997: 5995: 5989: 5987: 5981: 5979: 5969: 5967: 5960: 5958: 5955: 5953: 5947: 5945: 5939: 5937: 5931: 5930: 5928: 5924: 5919: 5912: 5907: 5905: 5900: 5898: 5893: 5892: 5889: 5879: 5878: 5875: 5869: 5862: 5858: 5855: 5852: 5849: 5845: 5842: 5838: 5835: 5831: 5828: 5825: 5821: 5818: 5815: 5811: 5807: 5804: 5801: 5798: 5794: 5787: 5784: 5780: 5776: 5772: 5769: 5766: 5765: 5762: 5759: 5757: 5751: 5749: 5746: 5744: 5738: 5736: 5733: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5721: 5718: 5715: 5714: 5711: 5704: 5702: 5696: 5693: 5692: 5690: 5686: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5670:Calmidazolium 5668: 5667: 5665: 5663: 5659: 5653: 5650: 5648: 5645: 5643: 5640: 5638: 5635: 5633: 5630: 5628: 5625: 5623: 5620: 5618: 5611: 5609: 5606: 5605: 5603: 5601: 5597: 5587: 5584: 5582: 5579: 5577: 5574: 5572: 5569: 5567: 5564: 5562: 5559: 5557: 5554: 5552: 5549: 5547: 5544: 5542: 5539: 5537: 5534: 5533: 5531: 5527: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5505: 5503: 5492: 5490: 5487: 5486: 5484: 5482: 5478: 5472: 5469: 5467: 5464: 5462: 5451: 5449: 5438: 5436: 5425: 5423: 5420: 5418: 5415: 5413: 5410: 5408: 5405: 5403: 5400: 5398: 5395: 5393: 5390: 5388: 5385: 5383: 5380: 5378: 5375: 5373: 5370: 5368: 5365: 5363: 5360: 5358: 5355: 5354: 5352: 5350: 5346: 5340: 5337: 5335: 5332: 5330: 5327: 5325: 5314: 5312: 5301: 5299: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5285: 5282: 5280: 5277: 5275: 5272: 5270: 5267: 5265: 5262: 5260: 5257: 5255: 5252: 5250: 5247: 5245: 5242: 5241: 5239: 5237: 5233: 5230: 5228: 5224: 5221: 5217: 5211: 5207: 5201: 5198: 5196: 5193: 5191: 5188: 5186: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5175: 5174: 5171: 5168: 5166: 5163: 5161: 5158: 5156: 5153: 5151: 5146: 5143: 5141: 5138: 5136: 5132: 5129: 5128: 5125: 5122: 5120: 5117: 5115: 5112: 5110: 5107: 5105: 5102: 5100: 5097: 5095: 5092: 5090: 5087: 5085: 5081: 5080: 5077: 5074: 5072: 5069: 5067: 5064: 5062: 5058: 5055: 5054: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5040: 5037: 5035: 5032: 5030: 5027: 5025: 5022: 5020: 5017: 5015: 5012: 5010: 5007: 5005: 5002: 5000: 4997: 4995: 4992: 4990: 4987: 4985: 4982: 4980: 4975: 4973: 4969: 4967: 4964: 4962: 4960: 4956: 4954: 4951: 4949: 4946: 4944: 4941: 4939: 4938:Hexyl nitrite 4936: 4934: 4933:Ethyl nitrite 4931: 4929: 4926: 4924: 4921: 4919: 4913: 4901: 4899: 4895: 4891: 4890: 4887: 4884: 4881: 4879: 4876: 4874: 4871: 4869: 4866: 4864: 4861: 4859: 4856: 4854: 4851: 4849: 4846: 4844: 4841: 4839: 4836: 4834: 4822: 4820: 4817: 4815: 4812: 4810: 4807: 4805: 4802: 4800: 4797: 4795: 4792: 4790: 4787: 4785: 4782: 4780: 4777: 4775: 4772: 4770: 4767: 4765: 4762: 4760: 4757: 4755: 4752: 4750: 4747: 4745: 4741: 4740: 4738: 4734: 4728: 4724: 4714: 4711: 4708: 4707: 4704: 4701: 4699: 4696: 4694: 4691: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4681: 4679: 4676: 4674: 4671: 4669: 4666: 4664: 4661: 4659: 4656: 4653: 4652: 4650: 4648: 4644: 4641: 4639: 4635: 4629: 4626: 4624: 4621: 4619: 4616: 4615: 4613: 4611: 4607: 4603: 4600: 4597: 4590: 4585: 4583: 4578: 4576: 4571: 4570: 4567: 4560: 4556: 4553: 4552: 4548: 4531: 4527: 4521: 4518: 4513: 4507: 4504: 4499: 4495: 4491: 4487: 4483: 4479: 4472: 4469: 4464: 4460: 4455: 4450: 4446: 4442: 4438: 4431: 4428: 4423: 4417: 4413: 4406: 4403: 4398: 4394: 4389: 4384: 4380: 4376: 4372: 4365: 4363: 4359: 4354: 4350: 4345: 4340: 4336: 4332: 4328: 4324: 4320: 4313: 4310: 4305: 4301: 4296: 4291: 4286: 4281: 4277: 4273: 4269: 4267: 4258: 4255: 4244: 4240: 4234: 4232: 4228: 4223: 4219: 4214: 4209: 4205: 4201: 4197: 4193: 4189: 4185: 4181: 4174: 4171: 4166: 4162: 4158: 4154: 4150: 4146: 4142: 4138: 4131: 4128: 4115: 4111: 4107: 4100: 4097: 4092: 4088: 4084: 4080: 4076: 4072: 4068: 4064: 4056: 4053: 4048: 4044: 4040: 4036: 4032: 4028: 4024: 4020: 4012: 4009: 3998: 3994: 3988: 3985: 3980: 3976: 3971: 3966: 3961: 3956: 3952: 3948: 3944: 3940: 3936: 3929: 3926: 3923: 3919: 3918: 3912: 3909: 3904: 3900: 3895: 3890: 3886: 3882: 3878: 3874: 3870: 3863: 3860: 3855: 3851: 3847: 3843: 3840:(2): 98–104. 3839: 3835: 3828: 3825: 3820: 3814: 3810: 3803: 3800: 3789: 3785: 3779: 3776: 3771: 3767: 3763: 3759: 3755: 3751: 3747: 3743: 3739: 3735: 3731: 3724: 3721: 3709: 3705: 3698: 3695: 3690: 3686: 3682: 3678: 3674: 3670: 3666: 3662: 3655: 3652: 3647: 3641: 3637: 3633: 3629: 3622: 3619: 3614: 3610: 3605: 3600: 3596: 3592: 3588: 3584: 3580: 3573: 3570: 3565: 3561: 3557: 3553: 3549: 3545: 3538: 3535: 3530: 3526: 3521: 3516: 3511: 3506: 3502: 3498: 3494: 3487: 3484: 3479: 3475: 3471: 3467: 3463: 3459: 3452: 3449: 3444: 3440: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3417: 3414: 3409: 3405: 3400: 3395: 3391: 3387: 3383: 3379: 3375: 3368: 3365: 3360: 3354: 3350: 3346: 3342: 3341: 3333: 3331: 3329: 3327: 3323: 3316: 3312: 3309: 3295: 3294:Peroxynitrate 3292: 3278: 3275: 3273: 3270: 3256: 3253: 3251: 3248: 3246: 3245:Nitrification 3243: 3241: 3240:Frost diagram 3238: 3236: 3233: 3231: 3228: 3226: 3223: 3222: 3218: 3204: 3201: 3198: 3195: 3193: 3183: 3181: 3171: 3169: 3159: 3157: 3147: 3145: 3135: 3133: 3123: 3121: 3107: 3105: 3095: 3093: 3083: 3081: 3071: 3068: 3067: 3064: 3054: 3052: 3042: 3040: 3030: 3028: 3018: 3016: 3006: 3004: 2994: 2992: 2982: 2980: 2970: 2968: 2958: 2956: 2946: 2944: 2934: 2932: 2922: 2920: 2909: 2899: 2897: 2887: 2884: 2883: 2876: 2872: 2869: 2866: 2863: 2860: 2857: 2854: 2851: 2848: 2845: 2842: 2839: 2836: 2833: 2830: 2827: 2824: 2822: 2812: 2810: 2804: 2803: 2799: 2796: 2794: 2784: 2782: 2774: 2764: 2762: 2752: 2750: 2739: 2733: 2731: 2720: 2706: 2704: 2694: 2692: 2682: 2680: 2666: 2663: 2661: 2651: 2649: 2635: 2633: 2623: 2621: 2611: 2609: 2599: 2596: 2594: 2584: 2582: 2576: 2575: 2572: 2562: 2560: 2553: 2547: 2544: 2542: 2520: 2518: 2508: 2506: 2496: 2494: 2484: 2482: 2471: 2465: 2463: 2452: 2442: 2440: 2430: 2427: 2424: 2422: 2408: 2406: 2396: 2394: 2384: 2382: 2372: 2370: 2368: 2358: 2356: 2350: 2349: 2345: 2343: 2339: 2333: 2331: 2325: 2322: 2319: 2317: 2307: 2305: 2295: 2293: 2282: 2276: 2274: 2264: 2262: 2251: 2241: 2239: 2228: 2218: 2216: 2206: 2204: 2194: 2192: 2182: 2180: 2170: 2168: 2158: 2156: 2154: 2144: 2142: 2136: 2135: 2131: 2129: 2125: 2119: 2117: 2111: 2108: 2105: 2102: 2085: 2075: 2073: 2063: 2061: 2055: 2054: 2050: 2048: 2044: 2038: 2036: 2030: 2027: 2015: 2009: 2007: 1996: 1988: 1981: 1978: 1962: 1960: 1950: 1948: 1942: 1941: 1937: 1931: 1929: 1923: 1922: 1916: 1911: 1903: 1898: 1896: 1891: 1889: 1884: 1883: 1880: 1876: 1870: 1868: 1860: 1857: 1854: 1851: 1848: 1847: 1843: 1840: 1837: 1834: 1831: 1830: 1826: 1823: 1820: 1817: 1814: 1813: 1809: 1806: 1803: 1801:< 0.5 1800: 1797: 1796: 1792: 1786: 1779: 1773: 1770: 1769: 1766: 1759: 1757: 1755: 1751: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1735: 1731: 1729: 1725: 1721: 1715: 1713: 1709: 1705: 1702: 1698: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1655: 1639: 1632: 1630: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1615: 1613: 1597: 1593: 1585: 1583: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1568:nitrification 1565: 1561: 1556: 1553: 1549: 1545: 1541: 1540:anthropogenic 1533: 1528: 1521: 1519: 1517: 1516:water quality 1513: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1488: 1485: 1481: 1474: 1469: 1462: 1460: 1457: 1455: 1451: 1443: 1441: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1426: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1411:methemoglobin 1408: 1404: 1399: 1398:limitations. 1397: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1382: 1378: 1374: 1370: 1354: 1350: 1349:concentration 1333: 1331: 1327: 1321: 1317: 1309: 1304: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1289: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1274: 1270: 1269: 1268: 1262: 1260: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1242: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1226: 1218: 1216: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1194: 1192: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1174: 1172: 1170: 1166: 1162: 1158: 1150: 1148: 1144: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1129: 1125: 1121: 1117: 1112: 1109: 1106:Nitrate is a 1101: 1096: 1094: 1092: 1087: 1085: 1081: 1076: 1074: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1053: 1051: 1047: 1039: 1037: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1007: 1003: 999: 995: 987: 985: 983: 982:atherogenesis 979: 975: 971: 967: 966:free radicals 963: 959: 955: 951: 946: 944: 940: 936: 932: 916: 913: 912:catalytically 896: 894: 862: 853: 846: 842: 819: 815: 811: 807: 804: 800: 796: 792: 787: 785: 773: 764:O + 2 H β†’ H 761: 753: 749: 741: 737: 733: 729: 725: 721: 717: 713: 709: 705: 694: 675: 671: 667: 663: 648: 644: 640: 636: 632: 628: 608: 604: 599: 597: 594: 593:isoelectronic 590: 576: 575:formal charge 572: 568: 564: 561: 557: 553: 549: 540: 530: 527: 519: 509: 505: 501: 495: 494: 490: 485:This section 483: 479: 474: 473: 467: 465: 463: 459: 455: 451: 447: 443: 428: 424: 420: 408: 402: 396: 393: 390: 388: 385: 384: 377: 375: 372: 371: 356: 353: 349: 348: 343: 334: 330: 323: 309: 299: 295: 288: 280: 276: 275:DTXSID5024217 272: 271: 269: 259: 255: 254: 247: 243: 242: 240: 238: 235: 234: 227: 223: 222: 220: 214: 210: 209: 202: 198: 197: 195: 193: 190: 189: 182: 178: 177: 175: 173: 170: 169: 162: 158: 157: 155: 151: 146: 145: 138: 134: 133: 131: 128: 124: 123: 118: 110: 106: 101: 97: 92: 86: 82: 75: 68: 49: 45: 44:Nitrate ester 19: 8922:Garde manger 7689: 7588: 7531: 7524: 7438:Vinyl halide 7395: 7325:Borinic acid 7320:Boronic acid 7297:Thioxanthate 6637:Hydrocarbons 6586:(a strongly 6581: 6580: 6568: 6544: 6404: 6212: 5999: 5873: 5872: 5848:paraxanthine 5824:beta blocker 5767: 5716: 5694: 5498:-ornithine ( 5431:-ornithine ( 5176: 5155:Feprosidnine 5150:Sydnonimines 5148: 5133: 5130: 5082: 5059: 5056: 5045:nitrosamines 5042: 4977: 4971: 4958: 4915: 4892: 4823: 4743: 4742: 4709: 4688:GSK-2181236A 4654: 4596:Nitric oxide 4534:. Retrieved 4529: 4520: 4506: 4481: 4478:Meat Science 4477: 4471: 4444: 4440: 4430: 4411: 4405: 4378: 4374: 4326: 4322: 4312: 4275: 4271: 4265: 4257: 4246:. Retrieved 4242: 4187: 4183: 4173: 4140: 4136: 4130: 4118:. Retrieved 4114:the original 4109: 4099: 4066: 4062: 4055: 4022: 4018: 4011: 4000:. Retrieved 3996: 3987: 3942: 3938: 3928: 3915: 3911: 3879:(7): 583–6. 3876: 3872: 3862: 3837: 3833: 3827: 3808: 3802: 3791:. Retrieved 3787: 3778: 3737: 3733: 3723: 3712:. Retrieved 3707: 3697: 3664: 3660: 3654: 3627: 3621: 3586: 3582: 3572: 3550:(8): 58–59. 3547: 3543: 3537: 3503:(11): 3535. 3500: 3496: 3486: 3461: 3457: 3451: 3426: 3422: 3416: 3390:10.2741/3084 3381: 3377: 3367: 3338: 3257:, the anion 2010: 1909: 1874: 1866: 1763: 1754:nitric oxide 1732: 1719: 1716: 1701:antioxidants 1697:nitrosamines 1694:carcinogenic 1637: 1636: 1623:nitric oxide 1616: 1589: 1578:and overall 1557: 1537: 1489: 1477: 1458: 1448:Through the 1447: 1427: 1400: 1381:tetrapyrrole 1334: 1323: 1288:nitrosamines 1285:carcinogenic 1266: 1253:amyl nitrite 1222: 1198: 1189:molten salts 1178: 1154: 1145: 1113: 1105: 1088: 1077: 1073:fermentation 1054: 1043: 1030:nitrous acid 992:The nitrate 991: 962:vasodilation 950:nitric oxide 947: 897: 788: 662:black powder 612: 546:The nitrate 545: 522: 513: 498:Please help 486: 449: 418: 417: 120:Identifiers 85: 7502:Thiocyanate 7497:Sulfonamide 7462:Perchlorate 7450:Acyl halide 7411:Fluoroethyl 7292:Thionoester 7180:Phosphonium 7165:Phosphinate 7160:Phosphonous 7148:Phosphonate 6847:Hydroperoxy 6669:Cyclopropyl 5861:simvastatin 5695:Precursors: 5632:epicatechin 5556:Indospicine 5511:-arginine ( 5457:-arginine ( 5392:AR-C 102222 5320:-arginine ( 5307:-arginine ( 5170:Sydnonimine 4903:Nitrite (NO 4886:Trolnitrate 4882:Tenitramine 4824:Nitrate (NO 4710:Inhibitors: 4693:Praliciguat 4673:BAY 60-4552 4668:BAY 41-8543 4663:BAY 41-2272 4536:October 30, 4381:(1): 1–10. 4278:: 1070817. 4120:October 30, 1682:meat curing 1633:Cured meats 1552:metric tons 1548:fossil fuel 1544:fertilizers 1332:or foods. 1209:film making 1120:agriculture 1116:fertilizers 1102:Agriculture 1091:nitric acid 1022:Griess test 943:kinetically 893:metabolised 841:redox scale 730:(redox) in 702:), nitrate 693:nitric acid 625:anion, the 591:. Like the 569:atoms in a 556:nitric acid 448:are called 392:Nitric acid 345:Properties 181:CHEBI:17632 8901:Categories 7406:Haloalkane 7277:Thioketone 7232:Persulfide 7128:Phosphorus 7093:Isocyanate 7083:Isonitrile 6984:or oxygen 6982:hydrogen, 6978:not being 6959:Orthoester 6852:Dioxiranes 6830:Enol ether 6718:1-Propenyl 5834:sildenafil 5814:nifedipine 5717:Cofactors: 5706:N-Hydroxy- 5613:N-Hydroxy- 5402:Canavanine 5397:BYK-191023 5216:inhibitors 5145:REC15/2739 5124:V-PYRRO/NO 4814:Nicorandil 4703:Vericiguat 4602:modulators 4248:2024-04-20 4002:2018-11-13 3793:2008-12-27 3714:2023-10-30 3317:References 1690:microbiota 1508:dead zones 1496:landscaped 1480:freshwater 1388:hemoglobin 1330:well water 1299:hemoglobin 1227:, such as 1201:film stock 1175:Industrial 1161:explosives 803:prokaryote 760:protonated 752:oxide ions 666:shock wave 516:April 2024 374:Molar mass 246:T93E9Y2844 192:ChemSpider 148:3D model ( 137:14797-55-8 127:CAS Number 8937:Oxyanions 7539:inorganic 7373:Tellurium 7287:Thioester 7252:Sulfoxide 7237:Disulfide 7225:Sulfonium 7175:Phosphine 7153:Phosphite 7136:Phosphate 7068:Carbamate 7043:Hydrazone 6976:element, 6974:Only one 6947:Anhydride 6686:Methylene 5874:See also: 5820:Nebivolol 5779:captopril 5701:-Arginine 5642:norvaline 5637:ornithine 5551:GW-273629 5507:N-Methyl- 5453:N-Methyl- 5444:-lysine ( 5316:N-Propyl- 5303:N-Methyl- 5284:ARL-17477 5177:Unsorted: 4727:NO donors 4698:Riociguat 4678:BI-703704 4658:Ataciguat 4599:signaling 4110:About.com 3945:(1): 60. 3564:2398-7073 3250:Nitratine 1824:0.81–1.63 1821:0.12–0.23 1738:DASH diet 1712:vitamin E 1704:vitamin C 1580:ecosystem 1532:phosphate 1484:estuarine 1377:oxidation 1373:oxidizers 1183:and some 1169:gunpowder 1165:oxidation 1140:magnesium 1132:potassium 1069:gunpowder 1046:nitratine 1006:reduction 954:myoglobin 939:reduction 935:electrons 929:) by the 704:dissolved 643:detonated 639:explosive 596:carbonate 589:resonance 487:does not 425:with the 8907:Nitrates 7520:See also 7455:Chloride 7381:Tellurol 7335:Selenium 7302:Xanthate 7016:Ammonium 6998:Nitrogen 6980:carbon, 6937:Carboxyl 6904:Aldehyde 6892:Acryloyl 6874:carbonyl 6778:hydrogen 6733:Cumulene 6353: / 6316: / 6300: / 6271: / 6255: / 6248: / 6223: / 6211: / 6180: / 6168: / 6156: / 6129: / 6029:>C=NR 5926:Hydrides 5918:Nitrogen 5841:caffeine 5806:blockers 5797:bosentan 5783:losartan 5600:Arginase 5586:VAS-2381 5581:ONO-1714 5529:Unsorted 5289:Indazole 5195:FR146881 5190:FR144220 5180:Cimlanod 5135:Furoxans 5114:PROLI/NO 5084:NONOates 5034:SNO-t-PA 4898:nitrites 4809:NCX-4215 4804:NCX 4040 4799:NCX-4016 4794:NCX-2216 4744:Nitrates 4733:prodrugs 4498:22464105 4463:12421881 4397:19439460 4353:33534057 4304:36704567 4243:Statista 4222:32747838 4165:17942166 4091:19854591 4083:17705664 4047:27894754 3979:20946657 3903:10379005 3854:96297102 3770:14097832 3762:18268290 3689:12374048 3613:31796961 3529:30423982 3443:18968301 3408:18508590 3225:Ammonium 3219:See also 1793:Effects 1771:Category 1724:sea salt 1710:form of 1706:and the 1678:nitrites 1674:sausages 1612:beetroot 1582:health. 1423:bacteria 1419:nitrites 1396:kinetics 1353:nitrites 1203:through 1185:ceramics 1151:Firearms 1124:ammonium 1002:analysis 941:is less 937:and its 843:for the 810:bacteria 635:oxidizer 560:nitrogen 450:nitrates 89:Nitrate 18:Nitrates 8559:  7589:nitrate 7544:organic 7343:Selenol 7267:Sulfone 7220:Sulfide 7118:NONOate 7113:Nitroso 7103:Nitrite 7098:Nitrate 7088:Cyanate 7078:Nitrile 7063:Amidine 7058:Imidate 7028:Nitrene 7023:Hydrazo 7011:Enamine 6942:Acetoxy 6930:carboxy 6897:Benzoyl 6835:Epoxide 6818:Methoxy 6808:Alcohol 6762:Carbene 6696:Methine 6376:Halides 6014:Organic 5920:species 5859:(e.g., 5857:Statins 5832:(e.g., 5808:(e.g., 5795:(e.g., 5777:(e.g., 5627:ginseng 5576:NXN-462 5571:NCX-456 5561:KD-7040 5541:CKD-712 5274:A-84643 5140:Furoxan 5039:SNO-vWF 4789:NCX-466 4638:Targets 4559:archive 4344:7982378 4295:9871820 4213:7398418 4192:Bibcode 4145:Bibcode 4027:Bibcode 3970:2967503 3947:Bibcode 3894:1566680 3742:Bibcode 3669:Bibcode 3604:7382377 3520:6274899 3478:9646943 3423:Talanta 3399:2617738 3255:Nitrite 2880:  1910:nitrate 1818:0.5–1.0 1744:in the 1742:nitrite 1638:Nitrite 1596:arugula 1592:spinach 1277:nitrite 1136:calcium 1080:nitrous 1061:ammonia 1026:azo dye 1014:cadmium 915:reduced 820:couple 814:archaea 720:aseptic 613:In the 582:⁄ 550:is the 508:removed 493:sources 454:soluble 419:Nitrate 368: 213:PubChem 113:Nitrate 67:nitrite 8776:PaO(NO 8456:BiO(NO 8304:TaO(NO 8077:NbO(NO 7443:Iodide 7363:Selone 7207:Sulfur 6916:Ketone 6909:Ketene 6887:Acetyl 6842:Peroxy 6813:Alkoxy 6803:Acetal 6784:oxygen 6773:carbon 6757:Alkyne 6750:Benzyl 6745:Phenyl 6728:Allene 6723:Crotyl 6703:Alkene 6691:Bridge 6679:Pentyl 6664:Propyl 6654:Methyl 6590:oxide) 6588:acidic 6119:Oxides 5688:Others 5647:lysine 5210:Enzyme 5185:FK-409 5099:GLO/NO 5050:SIN-1A 4496:  4461:  4418:  4395:  4351:  4341:  4302:  4292:  4220:  4210:  4163:  4089:  4081:  4045:  3977:  3967:  3901:  3891:  3852:  3815:  3768:  3760:  3687:  3642:  3611:  3601:  3562:  3544:Impact 3527:  3517:  3476:  3441:  3406:  3396:  3355:  3097:PaO(NO 2777:BiO(NO 2625:TaO(NO 2398:NbO(NO 1756:(NO). 1746:saliva 1726:" vs. 1686:saliva 1619:plasma 1570:, and 1504:anoxia 1452:, the 1290:, and; 1235:, and 1225:esters 1138:, and 1128:sodium 1010:copper 660:), or 567:oxygen 379:62.004 336:(=O)() 329:SMILES 103:Names 42:, see 8864:Cf(NO 8852:Bk(NO 8840:Cm(NO 8828:Am(NO 8816:Pu(NO 8804:Np(NO 8764:Th(NO 8752:Ac(NO 8735:Yb(NO 8723:Tm(NO 8711:Er(NO 8699:Ho(NO 8687:Dy(NO 8675:Tb(NO 8663:Gd(NO 8651:Eu(NO 8639:Sm(NO 8627:Pm(NO 8615:Nd(NO 8603:Pr(NO 8591:Ce(NO 8580:Ce(NO 8568:La(NO 8493:Ra(NO 8465:Po(NO 8445:Bi(NO 8433:Pb(NO 8421:Tl(NO 8402:Hg(NO 8375:Au(NO 8363:Pt(NO 8292:Hf(NO 8280:Lu(NO 8265:Ba(NO 8243:Xe(NO 8189:Sn(NO 8177:In(NO 8165:Cd(NO 8153:Ag(NO 8134:Pd(NO 8123:Pd(NO 8111:Rh(NO 8065:Zr(NO 8039:Sr(NO 7988:Ga(NO 7976:Zn(NO 7964:Cu(NO 7945:Ni(NO 7933:Co(NO 7922:Co(NO 7910:Fe(NO 7899:Fe(NO 7887:Mn(NO 7875:Cr(NO 7863:VO(NO 7851:Ti(NO 7839:Sc(NO 7825:Ca(NO 7800:ClONO 7768:Al(NO 7756:Al(NO 7744:Mg(NO 7711:HOONO 7631:Be(NO 7475:Other 7312:Boron 7282:Thial 7215:Thiol 7108:Nitro 7073:Imide 7053:Amide 7038:Oxime 7033:Imine 7006:Amine 6954:Ester 6921:Ynone 6825:Ether 6796:R-O-R 6771:Only 6713:Allyl 6708:Vinyl 6674:Butyl 6659:Ethyl 6649:Alkyl 6558:, 0, 6250:(HON) 6034:-CONR 5720:NADPH 5515:-NMA) 5502:-NIO) 5461:-NMA) 5448:-NIL) 5435:-NIO) 5377:AEITU 5372:1400W 5324:-NPA) 5311:-NMA) 5298:-NIO) 4984:LA810 4610:Forms 4323:Ambio 4087:S2CID 3850:S2CID 3766:S2CID 3661:Ambio 3185:Cf(NO 3173:Bk(NO 3161:Cm(NO 3149:Am(NO 3137:Pu(NO 3125:Np(NO 3085:Th(NO 3073:Ac(NO 3056:Yb(NO 3044:Tm(NO 3032:Er(NO 3020:Ho(NO 3008:Dy(NO 2996:Tb(NO 2984:Gd(NO 2972:Eu(NO 2960:Sm(NO 2948:Pm(NO 2936:Nd(NO 2924:Pr(NO 2912:Ce(NO 2901:Ce(NO 2889:La(NO 2814:Ra(NO 2786:Po(NO 2766:Bi(NO 2754:Pb(NO 2742:Tl(NO 2723:Hg(NO 2696:Au(NO 2684:Pt(NO 2613:Hf(NO 2601:Lu(NO 2586:Ba(NO 2564:Xe(NO 2510:Sn(NO 2498:In(NO 2486:Cd(NO 2474:Ag(NO 2455:Pd(NO 2444:Pd(NO 2432:Rh(NO 2386:Zr(NO 2360:Sr(NO 2309:Ga(NO 2297:Zn(NO 2285:Cu(NO 2266:Ni(NO 2254:Co(NO 2243:Co(NO 2231:Fe(NO 2220:Fe(NO 2208:Mn(NO 2196:Cr(NO 2184:VO(NO 2172:Ti(NO 2160:Sc(NO 2146:Ca(NO 2121:ClONO 2089:Al(NO 2077:Al(NO 2065:Mg(NO 2032:HOONO 1952:Be(NO 1670:bacon 1181:glass 994:anion 910:) is 818:redox 668:of a 548:anion 458:water 442:Salts 421:is a 294:InChI 172:ChEBI 150:JSmol 8485:FrNO 8414:TlNO 8351:O(NO 8257:CsNO 8209:(OH) 8146:AgNO 8053:Y(NO 8031:RbNO 8014:BrNO 8006:+SeO 7957:CuNO 7736:NaNO 7663:RONO 7644:B(NO 7623:LiNO 7397:Halo 6882:Acyl 6782:and 6740:Aryl 6517:NHBr 6509:NHCl 6302:ONOO 6131:(NO) 6084:HNCS 6079:HNCO 6074:HOCN 6057:(CN) 5735:Heme 5662:CAMK 5481:eNOS 5471:TRIM 5422:MITU 5417:IPTU 5412:EITU 5349:iNOS 5339:TRIM 5236:nNOS 5104:JS-K 4972:tert 4538:2013 4494:PMID 4459:PMID 4416:ISBN 4393:PMID 4349:PMID 4300:PMID 4218:PMID 4161:PMID 4122:2013 4079:PMID 4043:PMID 3975:PMID 3899:PMID 3813:ISBN 3758:PMID 3685:PMID 3640:ISBN 3609:PMID 3560:ISSN 3548:2018 3525:PMID 3474:PMID 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Index

Nitrates
Nitrate ester
Nitrovasodilator
nitrite
nitrate radical
Nitrate (disambiguation)
Ball-and-stick model of the nitrate ion
Systematic IUPAC name
CAS Number
14797-55-8
JSmol
Interactive image
ChEBI
CHEBI:17632
ChemSpider
918
PubChem
943
UNII
T93E9Y2844
CompTox Dashboard
DTXSID5024217
Edit this at Wikidata
InChI
SMILES
Chemical formula
Molar mass
Conjugate acid
Nitric acid
standard state

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