670:. After the aircraft touches down, Nixon emerges with Pat Nixon and Henry Kissinger. The president exchanges stilted greetings with the Chinese premier, Chou En-lai, who heads the welcoming party. Nixon speaks of the historical significance of the visit, and of his hopes and fears for the encounter ("News has a kind of mystery"). The scene changes to Chairman Mao's study, where the chairman awaits the arrival of the presidential party. Nixon and Kissinger enter with Chou, and Mao and the president converse in banalities as photographers record the scene. In the discussion that follows, the westerners are confused by Mao's gnomic and frequently impenetrable comments, which are amplified by his secretaries and often by Chou. The scene changes again, to the evening's banquet in the Great Hall of the People. Chou toasts the American visitors ("We have begun to celebrate the different ways") and Nixon responds ("I have attended many feasts"), after which the toasts continue as the atmosphere becomes increasingly convivial. Nixon, a politician who rose to prominence on anti-communism, announces: "Everyone, listen; just let me say one thing. I opposed China, I was wrong".
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1270:. The work opens with an orchestral prelude of repetitive ascending phrases, after which a chorus of the Chinese military sings solemn couplets against a subdued instrumental background. This, writes Tommasini, creates "a hypnotic, quietly intense backdrop, pierced by fractured, brassy chords like some cosmic chorale", in a manner reminiscent of Philip Glass. Tommasini contrasts this with the arrival of Nixon and his entourage, when the orchestra erupts with "big band bursts, rockish riffs and shards of fanfares: a heavy din of momentous pomp".
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Ch'ing dance together, as the
Chairman remembers "the tasty little starlet" who came to his headquarters in the early days of the revolution. As they reminisce, Chiang Ch'ing asserts that "the revolution must not end". Chou meditates alone; the opera finishes on a thoughtful note with his aria "I am old and I cannot sleep", asking: "How much of what we did was good?" The early morning birdcalls are summoning him to resume his work, while "outside this room the chill of grace lies heavy on the morning grass".
711:. This depicts the downfall of a cruel and unscrupulous landlord's agent (played by an actor who strongly resembles Kissinger) at the hands of brave women revolutionary workers. The action deeply affects the Nixons; at one point Pat rushes onstage to help a peasant girl she thinks is being whipped to death. As the stage action ends, Chiang Ch'ing, angry at the apparent misinterpretation of the piece's message, sings a harsh aria ("I am the wife of Mao Tse-tung"), praising the
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956:, and others) projected onto a giant screen with the appearance of a 1960s television set. In some scenes the historical footage was a backdrop that was artfully synchronized to the live cast in the foreground, in other scenes the actors were lit from behind the translucent screen appearing inside the TV, adding to the surreal experience. The props and other details were simple but effective, including the miniature souvenir program designed after Mao's
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772:. Former president Nixon was invited, and was sent a copy of the libretto; however, his staff indicated that he was unable to attend, due to illness and an impending publication deadline. A Nixon representative later stated that the former president disliked seeing himself on television or other media, and had little interest in opera. According to Adams, he was later told by former Nixon lawyer
1339:" are often followed by gripping music which immediately re-engages the listener's interest. This verdict contrasts with that of Davis after the original Houston performance; Davis commented that Adams's inexperience as an opera writer was evident in often "turgid instrumentation", and that at points where "the music must be the crucial and defining element ... Adams fails to do the job".
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748:, all of which planned to mount early productions of the opera. Fearful that the work might be challenged as defamatory or not in the public domain, Houston Grand Opera obtained insurance to cover such an eventuality. Before its stage premiere, the opera was presented in concert form in May 1987 in San Francisco, with intermission discussions led by Adams. According to the
862:. The original production had not had an intermission between Acts 2 and 3; one was inserted, and Sellars authorized supertitles, which he had forbidden in Houston. Adams conducted the original cast in the French premiere, at the Maison de la Culture de Bobigny, Paris, on December 14, 1991. Thereafter, performances of the opera became relatively rare; writing in
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1820:"Several of the solos are direct descendants of 19th-century Italian opera archetypes: Chiang Ch'ing's bravura aria at the end of Act II ('I am the wife of Mao Tse-tung'), for example, contains coloratura runs up to a high D—a 'showpiece' aria for a character whose capacity for self-dramatization (as a former actress) was an important facet of her personality".
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175:. When Sellars approached Adams with the idea for the opera in 1983, Adams was initially reluctant, but eventually decided that the work could be a study in how myths come to be, and accepted the project. Goodman's libretto was the result of considerable research into Nixon's visit, though she disregarded most sources published after the 1972 trip.
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1136:, while noting that Maddalena's voice was not as strong as it had been at the world premiere, maintained that due to his long association with the role, it would have been impossible to bring the opera to the Met with anyone else as Nixon: "Maddalena inhabits the character like no other singer". Tommasini also praised the performance of
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that
Sellars was proposing a satire. Sellars persisted, however, and Adams, who had interested himself in the origin of myths, came to believe the opera could show how mythic origins may be found in contemporary history. Both men agreed that the opera would be heroic in nature, rather than poking fun at Nixon or Mao. Sellars invited
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eloquent, and each of the three acts offers myriad opportunities for interpretation and commentary. The opera is filled with gorgeous ensemble passages and the chorus as an entity is at the heart of the work. I have, I suppose, "used" Nixon in China for three decades as one of the finest examples of late 20th-century
American opera."
1212:. As Glass's techniques did not allow Adams to accomplish what he wanted, he employed a system of constantly shifting metric organizational schemes to supplement the repeated rhythms in the opera. The music is marked by metrical dissonance, which occurs both for musical reasons and in response to the text of the opera.
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production (the basis of the 2011 Canadian Opera
Company presentation in Toronto), critic Patrick J. Smith concluded that "Nixon in China is a great American Opera. I suspected that it was a significant work when I saw it in 1987; I was ever more convinced of its stature when I heard it subsequently,
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The
British premiere at the 1988 Edinburgh Festival brought critical praise: "Through its sheer cleverness, wit, lyrical beauty and sense of theater, it sweeps aside most of the criticism to which it lays itself open." When the work was finally performed in London, 13 years after its Houston premiere
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magazine Peter G. Davis said that "Goodman's libretto, written in elegant couplets, reads better than it sings" and "the main trouble... is Adams's music... this is the composer's first opera and it shows, mainly in the clumsy prosody, turgid instrumentation that often obscures the words, ineffective
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directly to the audience, brought what pianist and writer
William R. Braun called "a shocked hush of chastened admiration". The meditative Act 3 also brought silence, followed at its conclusion by a storm of applause. On March 26, 1988, the work opened at the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing
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s critic Robert Stein responded to ENO's 2000 production enthusiastically. He particularly praised the performance of
Maddalena, and concluded that "Adams's triumph ... consists really in taking a plot chock-full of talk and public gesture, and through musical characterisation ... making a
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recording of the opera. Carpenter pinpoints Adams's "uncanny talent for recognising the dramatic possibilities of continually repeating melodies, harmonies and rhythms", and his ability to change the mix of these elements to reflect the onstage action. The feel of the Nixon era is recreated through
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The differences in perspective between East and West are set forth early in the first act, and underscored musically: while the
Chinese of the chorus see the countryside as fields ready for harvest, the fruits of their labor and full of potential, the Nixons describe what they saw from the windows
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s critic compares the sharply written exchanges between Nixon, Mao and Chou En-lai with the seemingly aimless wandering of the melodic lines in the more reflective sections of the work, concluding that the music best serves the libretto in passages of rapid dialogue. Tommasini observes that Nixon's
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that he write an opera about Nixon's 1972 visit to China. Sellars was intrigued by Nixon's decision to make the visit, seeing it as both "a ridiculously cynical election ploy ... and a historical breakthrough". Adams, who had not previously attempted an opera, was initially skeptical, assuming
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The critic
Theodore Bale, in his review of a revival of the opera in Houston in 2017, said he continues "to enjoy being perplexed by its deep structure and quirky contemporary aesthetic. Adam's music is constantly shimmering with some new idea, Alice Goodman's libretto is constantly surprising and
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On the last evening of the visit, as they lie in their respective beds, the chief protagonists muse on their personal histories in a surreal series of interwoven dialogues. Nixon and Pat recall the struggles of their youth; Nixon evokes wartime memories ("Sitting round the radio"). Mao and Chiang
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stated that the handshake he and Nixon had shared on the airport tarmac at the beginning of the visit was "over the vastest distance in the world, 25 years of no communication". Nixon's change, from virulent anti-communist to the
American leader who took the first step in improving relations
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as a barren landscape. This gap is reflected in the music: the chorus for the workers is marked by what Johnson terms "a wide-ranging palette of harmonic colors", the Western perspective is shown by the "quick, descending, dismissive cadential gesture" which follows Nixon's description of his
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in Washington D.C. in 1985 to begin intensive study of the six characters, three American and three Chinese, upon whom the opera would focus. The trio endeavored to go beyond the stereotypes about figures such as Nixon and Chinese Communist Party Chairman Mao and to examine their personalities.
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Following the 1987 premiere, the opera received mixed reviews; some critics dismissed the work, predicting it would soon vanish. However, it has been presented on many occasions since, in both Europe and North America, and has been recorded at least five times. In 2011, the opera received its
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popular music references; Sellars has observed that some of the music associated with Nixon is derived from the big band sound of the late 1930s, when the Nixons fell in love. Other commentators have noted Adams's limitations as a melodist, and his reliance for long stretches on what critic
887:(ENO). A revival of this production was planned for the reopening of the renovated Coliseum in 2004, but delays in the refurbishment caused the revival to be postponed until 2006. The ENO productions helped to revive interest in the work, and served as the basis of the
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which her husband leads. She visits a commune where she is greeted enthusiastically, and is captivated by the children's games that she observes in the school. "I used to be a teacher many years ago", she sings, "and now I'm here to learn from you". She moves on to the
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for Nixon following his entrance, and the dueling toasts in the final scene of Act 1. In rehearsal, Sellars revised the staging for the final scene, changing it from a banquet hall in the aftermath of a slightly alcohol-fueled dinner to the characters' bedrooms.
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wrote that "from its early visual coup with the arrival of the plane, Sellars' production is an all-too-welcome reminder of his best form". In Jeal's view, the cast met admirably the challenge of presenting the work in a non-satirical spirit. Reviewing the 2008
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A writer tends to find her characters in her self, so I can tell you ... that Nixon, Pat, Mme. Mao, Kissinger and the chorus were all 'me.' And the inner lives of Mao and Chou En-Lai, who I couldn't find in myself at all, were drawn from a couple of close
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The work required sacrifices: Goodman later noted that choruses which she loved were dropped for the improvement of the opera as a whole. The work provoked bitter arguments among the three. Nevertheless, musicologist Timothy Johnson, in his 2011 book about
1171:. This musical style originated in the United States in the 1960s and is characterized by stasis and repetition in place of the melodic development associated with conventional music. Although Adams is associated with minimalism, the composer's biographer,
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criticized Sellars for using body microphones to amplify the singing, thus compensating for the "vocally distressed" Maddalena. He further complained that the director, known for designing unorthodox settings for the operas he has staged (Hofler mentions
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As Adams worked on the opera, he came to see Nixon, whom he had once intensely disliked, as an "interesting character", a complicated individual who sometimes showed emotion in public. Adams wanted Mao to be "the Mao of the huge posters and
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Critic Robert Stein identifies Adams's particular strengths in his orchestral writing as "motoring, brassy figures and sweetly reflective string and woodwind harmonies", a view echoed by Gregory Carpenter in the liner notes to the 2009
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alluded to the publicity buildup for the opera by opening his column, headed "That was it?", by calling the work "fluff" and "a Peter Sellars variety show, worth a few giggles but hardly a strong candidate for the standard repertory".
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by keeping a group of televisions onstage throughout much of the action, often showing scenes from the actual visit. Instead of an airplane descending in Act 1, a number of televisions descended showing an airplane in flight.
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in an urban slum), here uses visually uninteresting, overly realistic sets for the first two acts. Hofler felt that it was time that the opera received a fresh approach: "Having finally arrived at the Met,
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mode that culminates in a high D, appropriate for a character who in real life was a former actress given to self-dramatization. Critic Thomas May notes that, in the third act, her "pose as a power-hungry
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in 2017 during a series of concerts celebrating his 70th birthday. This "musically and visually dazzling reimagining of the piece" included Super 8mm home movies of the visit to China (shot by
447:, noted "the result of the collaboration betrays none of these disagreements among its creators who successfully blended their differing points of view into a very satisfyingly cohesive whole".
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701:, where in a contemplative aria ("This is prophetic") she envisages a peaceful future for the world. In the evening the presidential party, as guests of Mao's wife Chiang Ch'ing, attends the
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praised the singing, noting James Maddalena's "aptly volatile Nixon" and Trudy Ellen Craney's admirable delivery of Chiang Ch'ing's coloratura passages. This recording also received the 1988
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The second act opens with warm and reflective music culminating in Pat Nixon's tender aria "This is prophetic". The main focus of the act, however, is the Chinese revolutionary opera-ballet,
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The announcement that Nixon would visit China in 1972 made world headlines. Almost immediately, the Soviet Union also invited Nixon for a visit, and improved US-Soviet relations led to the
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a year before his election: "There is no place on this small planet for a billion of its potentially most able people to live in angry isolation." Assisting him in this venture was his
1202:, and this is reflected in the work by repetitive rhythmic patterns. However, the opera's complex harmonic structures are very different from the simpler ones in, for example, Glass's
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Chorus, with Robert Orth as Nixon, Maria Kanyova as Pat Nixon, Thomas Hammons as Kissinger, Chen-Ye Yuan as Chou En-Lai, Marc Heller as Mao Tse-Tung and Tracy Dahl as Chiang Ch'ing.
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for Best Contemporary Composition in the Classical category. It was reissued in 2011 to coincide with the opera's production at the Metropolitan Opera. The Denver live recording on
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gives way to wistful regret". In this final, "surreal" act the concluding thoughts of Chou En-lai are described by Tommasini as "deeply affecting". The act incorporates a brief
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1228:, Adams had produced a score that is both "minimalist and eclectic ... In the orchestral interludes one hears references, both passing and lingering, to everything from
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were provided) by indicating that it is not necessary that all the words be understood on first seeing an opera. The audience's general reaction was expressed by what the
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s final act. The director encouraged Adams and Goodman to make other allusions to classical operatic forms; thus the expectant chorus that begins the work, the heroic
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406:, but also someone who in the opera's final act can reveal her private fantasies, her erotic desires, and even a certain tragic awareness. Nixon himself is a sort of
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of no lasting merit when Houston Grand Opera premiered it – has clearly remained relevant. Reaching the Met for the first time, it is now hailed as a classic.
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took place during Nixon's first year in office—Nixon sent private word to the Chinese that he desired closer relations. A breakthrough came in early 1971, when
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players to visit China and play against top Chinese players. Nixon followed up by sending Kissinger to China for clandestine meetings with Chinese officials.
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Pat Nixon is touring the city, with guides. Factory workers present her with a small model elephant which, she delightedly informs them, is the symbol of the
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critic discusses the mixture of styles and concludes that "minimalist the score emphatically is not". Other commentators have evoked "neo-classical
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sounds reminiscent of Nixon's youth in the 1930s. The combination of these elements varies frequently, to reflect changes in the onstage action.
847:, in a production by John Dew with stage designs by Gottfried Pilz. In the German production, Nixon and Mao were given putty noses in what the
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1835:. Although this was not incorporated into the opera it is performed regularly as a concert piece, and has been fashioned by choreographer
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described as a "very discriminating audience". Members of the association also attended meetings with the opera's production team. When
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waltzes, blasts of jazz and 1930s Stravinsky. The internal opera is followed by a monologue, "I am the wife of Mao Tse-tung" in which
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that Nixon was highly interested in everything written about him, and so likely saw the Houston production when it was televised on
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Holmes, Ann (November 1, 1987). "After the ball/With the frenzy of three simultaneous operas behind it, what's next for the HGO?".
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The opera is scored for an orchestra without bassoons, French horns, and tuba, but augmented by saxophones, pianos, and electronic
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2890:"Houston Grand Opera's 2016–17 Season ... Celebrates 30th Anniversary of HGO World Premiere of John Adams's Nixon in China (PDF)"
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in the role of Mao, "captur the chairman's authoritarian defiance and rapacious self-indulgence", and found the Scottish soprano
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262:. After he became president in 1969, Nixon saw advantages in improving relations with China and the Soviet Union; he hoped that
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has traveled the world. It is a masterpiece, a staple of the opera repertory, and now it simply deserves a new look". However,
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goes beyond minimalism in important ways. Adams had been inspired, in developing his art, by minimalist composers such as
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critic James Wierzbicki called the opera "more interesting than good ... a novelty, not much more." Television critic
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two months after the October 1987 Houston premiere, used the same cast, just a different chorus, orchestra and conductor:
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As "a kind of warmup for embarking on the creation of the full opera", Adams had written an extended orchestral foxtrot,
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Houston Grand Opera is again producing the opera in 2017 on the 30th anniversary of the world premiere to mixed reviews.
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226:. Recent critical opinion has tended to recognize the work as a significant and lasting contribution to American opera.
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debut, a production based on the original sets, and in the same year was given an abstract production in Toronto by the
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was followed closely by many Americans, and the scenes of him there were widely aired on television. Chinese premier
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considered "a garish and heavy-handed satire". Also in 1988 the opera received its United Kingdom premiere, at the
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While a number of productions have used variations on the original staging, the February 2011 production by the
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The piece opened in conjunction with the annual meeting of the Music Critics Association, guaranteeing what the
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At Peking Airport, contingents of the Chinese military await the arrival of the American presidential aircraft "
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on stage and on disc, and today I am certain that it is one of the small handful of operas that will survive."
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895:, the Met's general manager, had approached Adams in 2005 about staging his operas there. Gelb intended that
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1208:, which Adams terms "mindlessly repetitive"; Johnson nevertheless considers the Glass opera an influence on
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Despite a recent proliferation of performances worldwide, the opera has not been shown in China as of 2011.
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3762:"Nixon in China [Blu-ray/DVD] | Nonesuch Records - MP3 Downloads, Free Streaming Music, Lyrics"
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1100:—gave the work a warm reception, critical approval of the production was not uniform. Robert Hofler of
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has described as "a prosaically chanted recitative style". However, Robert Hugill, reviewing the 2006
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Swed recalled the opera's reception in 1987 while reviewing the Metropolitan Opera's 2011 production:
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being the occasion for clapping from both the onstage chorus and from the viewers in the opera house.
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For the Los Angeles production in 1990, Sellars made revisions to darken the opera in the wake of
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Nixon laid the groundwork for his overture to China even before he became president, writing in
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episode, choreographed by Morris, illustrating Pat Nixon's memories of her youth in the 1930s.
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to be the first Adams work to reach the Met. However, Gelb maintained his interest in staging
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At the Met premiere in February 2011, although the audience—which included Nixon's daughter
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Arts in Washington, DC, where Nixon's emergence from the plane was again met with applause.
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1068:. One, the libretto; two, the music; three, the direction. Outside of that, it's perfect."
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in Amsterdam in June 1988, it received its first German performance later that year at the
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own vocal lines reflect the real-life president's personal awkwardness and social unease.
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1388:"Ladies and gentlemen, comrades and friends, we have begun to celebrate ..." (Chou)
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catches in your ear; I find myself singing it while whizzing along the freeways."
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vocal lines, and inability to seize the moment and make the stage come to life."
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4329:
3701:
2503:
1785:
1628:
1391:"Mr Premier, distinguished guests, I have attended many feasts ..." (Nixon)
1267:
1255:
1199:
1195:
1176:
1112:
1023:
wrote that it would "bear relevance for as long as mankind cherished humanity".
929:
880:
765:
480:
399:
324:
271:
183:
385:
4586:
4160:
3125:
2743:
2162:
1947:
1302:
892:
800:
568:
536:
521:
470:
403:
319:
300:
263:
247:
3524:
5166:
5036:
4130:
1720:
1258:. The percussion section incorporates numerous special effects, including a
1152:
1020:
981:
917:
in London on September 5, 2012, although the second-act ballet was omitted.
910:
804:
715:
and glorifying her own part in it. A revolutionary chorus echoes her words.
655:
615:
504:
347:
179:
3403:
3304:
3240:
3201:
178:
To create the sounds he sought, Adams augmented the orchestra with a large
1462:"Some men you cannot satisfy" (Kissinger, Nixon, Pat, Chou, Chiang Ch'ing)
1151:
An opera that was belittled in 1987 by major New York critics – as a
1081:
satisfying and engaging piece." Of the ENO revival in 2006, Erica Jeal of
824:, six weeks after the world premiere, there was again applause during the
2922:"HGO's rousing Nixon in China sheds new light on an American masterpiece"
1686:
1336:
1315:
492:
374:
211:
148:
3931:
410:, a self-doubting, lyrical, at times self-pitying melancholy baritone."
117:
2953:"'Nixon in China' can't hide behind art to avoid social responsibility"
1797:
840:
509:
5283:
2895:(Press release). Houston Grand Opera. January 29, 2016. Archived from
2635:
1442:"It seems so strange" (Chorus, Chiang Ch'ing, Pat, Nixon, secretaries)
1293:, "a riot of clashing styles" according to Tommasini, reminiscent of
464:
872:
speculated on why the work had, at that time, "dropped from sight".
1376:"I can't talk very well" (Mao, Nixon, Chou, Kissinger, secretaries)
402:". Mao's wife, on the other hand, was to be "not just a shrieking
2013:"Adams/Nixon: A kitchen debate on portraying a president in opera"
1305:, Mao's wife, rails against counterrevolutionary elements in full
1236:
and Philip Glass." In reviewing the first recording of the work,
980:
677:
650:
541:
384:
338:
238:
140:
45:
3404:"You hear the machinery of Adams's writing: bright, alert, lucid"
754:
review, a number of audience members left as the work proceeded.
4401:
1382:"Like the Ming Tombs" (Nixon, Mao, Chou, Kissinger, secretaries)
989:
in Houston, Texas, venue of the world premiere, October 22, 1987
602:
435:
4405:
3943:
2860:"L.A. Phil delivers a dazzling reimagining of 'Nixon in China'"
1465:"I am no one" (Mao, Chou, Kissinger, Chiang Ch'ing, Pat, Nixon)
1251:-meets-minimalism", in attempts to pinpoint the opera's idiom.
924:
used an abstract setting revived from a 2004 production by the
799:, originating Pat Nixon, waved to the audience in character as
666:", carrying Nixon and his party. The military chorus sings the
3407:
1547:
777:
3939:
2291:"Minimalist Mush : Nixon Goes To China Via Opera In S.f"
1901:
1003:"an operatic triumph of grave and thought-provoking beauty".
1427:"Oh what a day (Kissinger (as Lao Szu), chorus, secretaries)
1347:
875:
The London premiere of the opera took place in 2000, at the
993:
The original production in Houston received mixed reviews.
3792:"Fleming stars as 'Nixon in China' arrives at Paris Opera"
3163:"Opera review: 'Nixon in China' at the Metropolitan Opera"
1385:"The night is young" (Nixon, Pat, Chou, Kissinger, chorus)
422:
Sellars, who was engaged at the time in staging the three
194:
alongside passages echoing 19th-century composers such as
3887:: Musical Analysis, Historical and Political Perspectives
2624:
Stein, Robert (2000). "London Coliseum: Nixon in China".
1945:
Braun, William R. (February 2011). "The Inquiring Mind".
1477:"I can keep still" (Chiang Ch'ing, Nixon, Pat, Chou, Mao)
1394:"This is the hour!" (Nixon, Chou, Pat, Kissinger, chorus)
155:. Adams's first opera, it was inspired by U.S. president
3473:
The Metropolitan Opera Playbill (Nixon in China Version)
2752:
The Metropolitan Opera Playbill (Nixon in China Edition)
2438:
2436:
2095:
The Metropolitan Opera Playbill (Nixon in China Edition)
1927:
The Metropolitan Opera Playbill (Nixon in China Edition)
1471:"Let us examine what you did" (Mao, Chiang Ch'ing, Chou)
1430:"Whip her to death" (Kissinger (as Lao Szu), Pat, Nixon)
668:
Three Rules of Discipline and Eight Points for Attention
1447:"I am the wife of Mao Tse-tung" (Chiang Ch'ing, chorus)
5106:
Presidential Recordings and Materials Preservation Act
3048:
by Theodore Bale, Culturemap Houston, January 24, 2017
831:
s descent. Chou En-lai's toast, addressed by baritone
5272:
3555:"Ray Charles at a Peter Martins City Ballet Premiere"
2151:
2149:
1873:
American President: Richard Milhous Nixon (1913–1994)
1480:"Peking watches the stars" (Chiang Ch'ing, Mao, Chou)
1373:"News has a kind of mystery" (Nixon, Chou, Kissinger)
2213:
2211:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2106:
2104:
1009:
reviewer Ann Holmes said of the work, "The music of
658:
is conducted on a tour of Peking, February 23, 1972.
5159:
5124:
5098:
4821:
4801:
4704:
4649:
4633:
4612:
4603:
4579:
4486:
4378:
4360:
4314:
4282:
4257:
4210:
4140:
4051:
4000:
I Was Looking at the Ceiling and Then I Saw the Sky
3977:
3889:. Farnham, Surrey, UK: Ashgate Publishing Limited.
3525:"The Chairman Dances: Foxtrot for orchestra (1985)"
3373:"The Nixonian Psyche, With Arias and a Bluish Glow"
2175:
2173:
1415:"At last the weather's warming up" (Pat and chorus)
1379:"We no longer need Confucius" (Mao and secretaries)
1335:revival, found that the sometimes tedious "endless
112:
88:
80:
70:
39:
2650:
2648:
1994:
1992:
1719:Filmed on April 7, 2023 in Paris for Mezzo TV and
899:be the first of such productions, but Adams chose
2376:"Classical music critics gather here for meeting"
1439:"I have my brief" (Kissinger (as Lao Szu), Nixon)
1409:"Look down, look down" (Chorus, Pat, secretaries)
760:formally premiered on the Brown Stage at the new
2512:(English ed.). Cologne: Könemann. pp.
2182:"DeMain earns praise conducting new Nixon opera"
2093:May, Thomas (February 9, 2011). "Program Note".
2088:
2086:
2084:
1503:The opera has been recorded at least six times:
1474:"I have no offspring" (Chou, Mao, Chiang Ch'ing)
327:communist power, led to a new political adage, "
3696:
3694:
2595:"Nixon Is Everywhere, it Seems, but in 'China'"
1940:
1938:
1936:
1757:The only studio recording, made in New York by
1370:"Your flight was smooth, I hope?" (Chou, Nixon)
1076:and after a long period of theatrical neglect,
182:section, additional percussion, and electronic
3484:
3482:
2224:/HGO presents world premiere of unusual opera"
1483:"You won at poker" (Pat, Nixon, Chiang Ch'ing)
1406:"I don't daydream and I don't look back" (Pat)
705:for a performance of a political ballet-opera
688:, witnessed by the Nixons on February 22, 1972
430:in those works; this interest is reflected in
4417:
3955:
2382:. October 22, 1987. p. 7. Archived from
2320:
2318:
2316:
2260:"International network nourishes avant-garde"
1960:
1958:
813:termed "polite applause", the descent of the
8:
5317:Opera world premieres at Houston Grand Opera
3287:
3285:
2704:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2696:
2694:
2692:
2690:
2688:
161:1972 visit to the People's Republic of China
3039:sheds new light on an American masterpiece"
2714:"President and Opera, on Unexpected Stages"
1486:"I am old and I cannot sleep" (Chou En-lai)
1175:, asserts that of the composers classed as
839:After the opera's European premiere at the
4609:
4424:
4410:
4402:
3962:
3948:
3940:
2821:Everett-Green, Robert (February 7, 2011).
1804:star as the two wives in the Paris video.
1361:"Soldiers of heaven hold the sky" (Chorus)
56:
36:
2370:
2368:
732:The work was a joint commission from the
413:Goodman explained her characterizations:
4556:Nixon v. General Services Administration
3331:
3329:
3327:
3325:
3095:"Nixon in China: A Great American Opera"
2619:
2617:
2615:
2057:Gurewitsch, Matthew (January 26, 2011).
1863:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1622:Recorded live in Denver for 3-CD set on
1505:
1367:Arrival of the Spirit of '76 (Orchestra)
1364:"The people are the heroes now" (Chorus)
1179:, Adams is "by far the most anchored in
454:
167:on October 22, 1987, in a production by
5279:
4201:Must the Devil Have All the Good Tunes?
3859:from the original on September 19, 2012
3589:American Opera Classics: Nixon in China
2443:Bernheimer, Martin (October 24, 1987).
1851:
1813:
1468:"Sitting around the radio" (Nixon, Pat)
569:Chiang Ch'ing (Madame Mao) (Jiang Qing)
5352:Cultural depictions of Henry Kissinger
4298:Choruses from The Death of Klinghoffer
4028:The Gospel According to the Other Mary
3582:
3580:
3565:from the original on September 1, 2024
3440:from the original on September 7, 2013
3016:from the original on September 1, 2024
2827:fuses national and personal histories"
2802:from the original on September 1, 2024
2673:from the original on September 1, 2024
2550:from the original on September 1, 2024
2196:from the original on September 1, 2024
2059:"Still Resonating From the Great Wall"
2052:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2025:from the original on September 1, 2024
1920:
1918:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1433:Tropical storm (Orchestra, Pat, Nixon)
202:. With these ingredients, Adams mixes
3936:from John C. Adams's official website
3679:from the original on October 25, 2012
3074:from the original on October 20, 2012
2997:
2995:
2724:from the original on January 12, 2014
2270:from the original on January 23, 2011
2011:Wakin, Daniel J. (February 2, 2011).
944:for performances of the opera at the
764:in Houston on October 22, 1987, with
7:
5347:Cultural depictions of Richard Nixon
3712:from the original on 31 October 2013
3652:from the original on August 27, 2017
3402:Mellor, Andrew (December 21, 2009).
3002:Davis, Peter G. (November 9, 1987).
2180:von Rhein, John (October 30, 1987).
1875:. Miller Center for Public Affairs,
1656:Filmed in New York for Nonesuch DVD
626:Dancers, militia, citizens of Peking
360:In 1983, theater and opera director
4456:Vice President of the United States
4445:37th President of the United States
3910:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
3824:The Classical Good CD and DVD Guide
3458:
3414:from the original on March 16, 2021
3345:: 148. October 1988. Archived from
3276:
3264:
3142:from the original on March 25, 2011
3124:Hofler, Robert (February 3, 2011).
3058:Ward, Charles (September 6, 1988).
2839:from the original on March 15, 2011
2576:. L'Almanacco di Gherardo Casaglia
2509:Opera: Composers, Works, Performers
2359:
2289:Bernheimer, Martin (May 25, 1987).
1998:
1977:from the original on March 10, 2013
1343:List of arias and musical sequences
5001:The Assassination of Richard Nixon
3614:: 12. October 1998. Archived from
3531:from the original on 28 April 2015
3501:from the original on March 2, 2013
3489:Yohalem, John (February 7, 2011).
3434:"John Adams – Nixon in China"
3173:from the original on June 12, 2013
2963:from the original on June 10, 2020
2932:from the original on June 10, 2020
2870:from the original on 12 March 2017
2538:"Edinburgh International Festival"
2445:"Gala opera premiere: John Adams'
2325:Ward, Charles (October 24, 1987).
2301:from the original on March 6, 2021
2117:Henken, John (September 2, 1990).
2069:from the original on June 28, 2012
1546:Filmed Oct. 1987 in Houston for a
969:A new production was premiered at
186:. Although sometimes described as
25:
5362:Cultural depictions of Zhou Enlai
5357:Cultural depictions of Mao Zedong
3766:Nonesuch Records Official Website
3383:from the original on May 13, 2021
2784:Ashley, Tim (September 6, 2012).
2405:Ewing, Betty (October 24, 1987).
2232:. p. Zest 15. Archived from
1902:Kabaservice, Ch. 11 (unpaginated)
457:Roles, voice types, premiere cast
426:operas, became interested in the
5282:
5256:
5255:
3200:(online edition). Archived from
3161:Swed, Mark (February 13, 2011).
2858:Ginell, Richard (4 March 2017).
2218:Holmes, Ann (October 18, 1987).
853:Edinburgh International Festival
5337:Operas by John Adams (composer)
4921:Washington: Behind Closed Doors
4523:Presidential Library and Museum
3772:from the original on 2024-03-30
3743:from the original on 2024-03-30
3671:Hugill, Robert (July 2, 2006).
3527:. John Adams official website.
2951:Chen, Wei-Huan (Jan 23, 2017).
2480:. CA Management. Archived from
2459:from the original on 2016-05-31
2135:from the original on 2024-01-02
1424:"Young as we are" (Secretaries)
312:Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
32:Nixon in China (disambiguation)
5332:Operas set in the 20th century
4305:On the Transmigration of Souls
3904:Kabaservice, Geoffrey (2012).
3790:Blum, Ronald (27 March 2023).
1186:Timothy Johnson contends that
364:proposed to American composer
350:descend the steps outside the
293:border clashes between the two
1:
4849:An Evening with Richard Nixon
4234:John's Book of Alleged Dances
3733:"Nixon in China, Nonesuch CD"
2655:Jeal, Erica (June 19, 2006).
999:critic John von Rhein called
879:, with Sellars producing and
860:the Tiananmen Square protests
4464:U.S. Senator from California
4089:Short Ride in a Fast Machine
3881:Johnson, Timothy A. (2011).
3821:Roberts, David, ed. (2006).
3702:"John Adams: Nixon in China"
1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1519:
926:Opera Theatre of Saint Louis
642:Place: In and around Peking.
377:, and the three met at the
329:Only Nixon could go to China
163:. The work premiered at the
5372:Operas based on real people
4528:Birthplace and boyhood home
4124:My Father Knew Charles Ives
4110:Naive and Sentimental Music
3587:Carpenter, Gregory (2008).
2478:"James Maddalena, baritone"
2417:. p. 1. Archived from
2337:. p. 2. Archived from
1971:John Adams's Nixon in China
1588:, New York for 3-CD set on
1419:The Red Detachment of Women
1290:The Red Detachment of Women
1247:", and concocted the term "
1181:Western classical tradition
1016:Los Angeles Herald Examiner
820:When the opera reached the
708:The Red Detachment of Women
685:The Red Detachment of Women
303:invited a team of American
5398:
5046:X-Men: Days of Future Past
4889:The Werewolf of Washington
3491:"Nixon in China, New York"
3475:: 33–34. February 9, 2011.
3093:Smith, Patrick J. (2005).
2568:Casaglia, Gherardo (2005).
2327:"'Critics review Wortham,
1514:
1144:"wonderful" as Pat Nixon.
942:Los Angeles Master Chorale
584:Nancy Tang (Tang Wensheng)
389:John Adams, composer, 2008
266:would put pressure on the
254:During his rise to power,
93:October 22, 1987
29:
5367:Works about Richard Nixon
5224:
4439:
3855:. The Recording Academy.
3198:Oxford Companion to Music
1929:: 6–10. February 9, 2011.
1511:
1508:
1412:"This is prophetic" (Pat)
1036:In a more critical vein,
822:Brooklyn Academy of Music
738:Brooklyn Academy of Music
624:
586:, First Secretary to Mao
537:Mao Tse-tung (Mao Zedong)
477:Houston, October 22, 1987
285:National Security Advisor
55:
44:
5377:Operas about politicians
5140:(early campaign manager)
5031:The Impossible Astronaut
4518:Richard Nixon Foundation
4035:Girls of the Golden West
3993:The Death of Klinghoffer
3231:"Adams, John (Coolidge)"
946:Walt Disney Concert Hall
938:Los Angeles Philharmonic
599:Second secretary to Mao
522:Chou En-lai (Zhou Enlai)
27:1987 opera by John Adams
5312:English-language operas
5167:Thelma "Pat" Ryan Nixon
4905:All the President's Men
4571:Death and state funeral
4533:"Last press conference"
4117:Guide to Strange Places
3642:"Opera: Nixon in China"
3436:. Boosey & Hawkes.
3337:"Adams: Nixon in China"
3318:(subscription required)
3254:(subscription required)
3215:(subscription required)
2641:(subscription required)
1967:"History in the making"
1925:"The Myth of History".
1767:Orchestra of St. Luke's
1459:Orchestral introduction
1436:"Flesh rebels" (Chorus)
1358:Orchestral introduction
1297:with added elements of
1057:St. Louis Post-Dispatch
612:Third secretary to Mao
373:to join the project as
297:Chinese Communist Party
210:, jazz references, and
5179:Julie Nixon Eisenhower
5111:Presidential Townhouse
5008:Frost–Nixon interviews
4759:running mate selection
4722:running mate selection
3675:. Music & Vision.
3597:(liner notes, pp. 5–6)
3060:"British critics laud
1973:. Metropolitan Opera.
1877:University of Virginia
1584:Recorded Dec. 1987 in
1333:English National Opera
1157:
1108:The Marriage of Figaro
990:
987:Wortham Theater Center
922:Canadian Opera Company
885:English National Opera
762:Wortham Theater Center
689:
682:Scene from the ballet
659:
420:
390:
357:
260:leading anti-communist
251:
224:Canadian Opera Company
104:Wortham Theater Center
18:Nixon in China (opera)
5185:Christopher Nixon Cox
4993:Dark Side of the Moon
4881:Impeach the President
4501:1958 motorcade attack
4175:The Dharma at Big Sur
3849:"Past Winners Search"
3827:. London: Haymarket.
3523:(23 September 2003).
2988:. p. Zest p. 23.
2746:(February 9, 2011). "
2407:"Dancing lions greet
1205:Einstein on the Beach
1167:contains elements of
1149:
984:
681:
654:
415:
388:
342:
242:
235:Historical background
171:with choreography by
5203:Hannah Milhous Nixon
5090:Nixon parody account
4258:Other ensemble works
4042:Antony and Cleopatra
3640:(October 24, 1987).
3192:Davis, Lucy (2007).
2773:: 40. February 2011.
2712:(February 3, 2011).
2192:(Youngstown, Ohio).
2166:: 38. February 2011.
1685:Filmed in Paris for
1262:, sandpaper blocks,
971:Staatsoper Stuttgart
936:Adams conducted the
891:'s 2011 production.
639:Time: February 1972.
356:, February 21, 1972.
30:For other uses, see
5342:Operas set in China
5249:Lyndon B. Johnson →
5230:← Lyndon B. Johnson
5033:" (2011 TV episode)
4897:White House Madness
4834:Nixon goes to China
4564:Nixon v. Fitzgerald
4538:Florida White House
4472:U.S. Representative
4337:Hallelujah Junction
4273:Grand Pianola Music
4075:The Chairman Dances
3369:Oestreich, James R.
3301:Oxford Music Online
3236:Oxford Music Online
2769:: The Background".
2750:lands at the Met".
1832:The Chairman Dances
1765:led the Chorus and
1042:chief music critic
770:Houston Grand Opera
734:Houston Grand Opera
728:Performance history
713:Cultural Revolution
607:Stephanie Friedman
578:Trudy Ellen Craney
459:
165:Houston Grand Opera
62:2015 poster of the
5382:Beijing in fiction
5245:← Alben W. Barkley
5116:Richard Nixon mask
5085:U.S. postage stamp
4985:Nixon's China Game
4913:The Public Burning
4742:Kennedy transition
4188:Saxophone Concerto
4096:Slonimsky's Earbox
3646:The New York Times
3559:The New York Times
3377:The New York Times
3044:2017-01-26 at the
2926:CultureMap Houston
2832:The Globe and Mail
2718:The New York Times
2710:Tommasini, Anthony
2599:The New York Times
2546:. March 27, 2010.
2264:The New York Times
2063:The New York Times
2018:The New York Times
1883:on August 11, 2011
1552:Great Performances
1312:Queen of the Night
1307:coloratura soprano
1217:The New York Times
1133:The New York Times
1039:The New York Times
991:
889:Metropolitan Opera
865:The New York Times
783:Great Performances
690:
660:
574:coloratura soprano
455:
398:; I cast him as a
396:Great Leap Forward
391:
358:
258:became known as a
252:
220:Metropolitan Opera
5322:Minimalist operas
5270:
5269:
5191:Jennie Eisenhower
5081:(2019 board game)
5062:Elvis & Nixon
4961:Elvis Meets Nixon
4924:(1977 miniseries)
4865:Another Nice Mess
4817:
4816:
4650:Vice Presidential
4399:
4398:
4266:American Standard
4149:The Wound-Dresser
3896:978-1-4094-2682-0
3834:978-0-86024-972-6
3708:. 15 April 1988.
3371:(June 17, 2008).
3167:Los Angeles Times
3068:Houston Chronicle
3004:"Nixon—the opera"
2985:Houston Chronicle
2957:Houston Chronicle
2864:Los Angeles Times
2593:(April 7, 1996).
2523:978-3-8290-3571-2
2453:Los Angeles Times
2415:Houston Chronicle
2380:Houston Chronicle
2335:Houston Chronicle
2295:Los Angeles Times
2258:(July 28, 1987).
2229:Houston Chronicle
2128:Los Angeles Times
1869:"Foreign Affairs"
1790:Colorado Symphony
1774:'s Good DVD Guide
1755:
1754:
1495:
1494:
1224:writes that with
1128:Anthony Tommasini
1030:Los Angeles Times
1027:, writing in the
1025:Martin Bernheimer
1006:Houston Chronicle
915:Royal Albert Hall
849:Los Angeles Times
810:Los Angeles Times
792:Houston Chronicle
751:Los Angeles Times
742:Netherlands Opera
631:
630:
314:(SALT). Nixon's
143:in three acts by
132:
131:
16:(Redirected from
5389:
5287:
5286:
5278:
5259:
5258:
5197:Francis A. Nixon
5173:Tricia Nixon Cox
4972:(1999 TV series)
4610:
4544:La Casa Pacifica
4479:
4467:
4459:
4448:
4426:
4419:
4412:
4403:
4391:Postmodern music
4379:Related articles
4344:American Berserk
4227:Chamber Symphony
4052:Orchestral works
4021:A Flowering Tree
3964:
3957:
3950:
3941:
3921:
3900:
3869:
3868:
3866:
3864:
3845:
3839:
3838:
3818:
3812:
3811:
3809:
3807:
3798:. Archived from
3787:
3781:
3780:
3778:
3777:
3758:
3752:
3751:
3749:
3748:
3728:
3722:
3721:
3719:
3717:
3706:Nonesuch Records
3698:
3689:
3688:
3686:
3684:
3673:"A Mythic Story"
3668:
3662:
3661:
3659:
3657:
3634:
3628:
3627:
3625:
3623:
3618:on July 23, 2011
3608:"Adams in China"
3604:
3598:
3596:
3584:
3575:
3574:
3572:
3570:
3553:(May 16, 1988).
3551:Kisselgoff, Anna
3547:
3541:
3540:
3538:
3536:
3517:
3511:
3510:
3508:
3506:
3486:
3477:
3476:
3468:
3462:
3456:
3450:
3449:
3447:
3445:
3430:
3424:
3423:
3421:
3419:
3399:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3388:
3365:
3359:
3358:
3356:
3354:
3349:on July 23, 2011
3333:
3320:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3312:
3303:. Archived from
3297:"Nixon in China"
3289:
3280:
3274:
3268:
3262:
3256:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3248:
3239:. Archived from
3223:
3217:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3209:
3189:
3183:
3182:
3180:
3178:
3158:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3147:
3121:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3105:on June 29, 2007
3101:. Archived from
3090:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3079:
3055:
3049:
3032:
3026:
3025:
3023:
3021:
2999:
2990:
2989:
2979:
2973:
2972:
2970:
2968:
2948:
2942:
2941:
2939:
2937:
2918:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2907:
2902:on March 3, 2016
2901:
2894:
2886:
2880:
2879:
2877:
2875:
2855:
2849:
2848:
2846:
2844:
2818:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2807:
2781:
2775:
2774:
2762:
2756:
2755:
2740:
2734:
2733:
2731:
2729:
2706:
2683:
2682:
2680:
2678:
2652:
2643:
2642:
2639:
2621:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2605:
2587:
2581:
2579:
2566:
2560:
2559:
2557:
2555:
2534:
2528:
2527:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2489:
2474:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2440:
2431:
2430:
2428:
2426:
2402:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2372:
2363:
2357:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2322:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2286:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2275:
2252:
2246:
2245:
2243:
2241:
2215:
2206:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2177:
2168:
2167:
2153:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2140:
2114:
2099:
2098:
2090:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2054:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2030:
2008:
2002:
1996:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1962:
1953:
1952:
1942:
1931:
1930:
1922:
1905:
1899:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1879:. Archived from
1865:
1840:
1827:
1821:
1818:
1506:
1348:
1295:agitprop theatre
1111:in the New York
1098:Tricia Nixon Cox
830:
746:Washington Opera
694:Republican Party
460:
458:
408:Simon Boccanegra
268:North Vietnamese
128:
125:
123:
121:
119:
100:
98:
60:
37:
21:
5397:
5396:
5392:
5391:
5390:
5388:
5387:
5386:
5297:
5296:
5293:
5281:
5273:
5271:
5266:
5220:
5193:(granddaughter)
5155:
5150:Rose Mary Woods
5138:Murray Chotiner
5120:
5094:
4873:Four More Years
4824:
4813:
4797:
4700:
4645:
4629:
4599:
4575:
4496:Checkers speech
4488:
4482:
4470:
4462:
4451:
4443:
4435:
4430:
4400:
4395:
4374:
4356:
4310:
4278:
4253:
4222:(string septet)
4206:
4155:Violin Concerto
4136:
4047:
3973:
3968:
3928:
3918:
3903:
3897:
3880:
3872:
3862:
3860:
3847:
3846:
3842:
3835:
3820:
3819:
3815:
3805:
3803:
3802:on 3 April 2023
3789:
3788:
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3586:
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3488:
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3432:
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3427:
3417:
3415:
3401:
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3396:
3386:
3384:
3367:
3366:
3362:
3352:
3350:
3335:
3334:
3323:
3317:
3310:
3308:
3307:on June 1, 2013
3291:
3290:
3283:
3279:, pp. 7–8.
3275:
3271:
3263:
3259:
3253:
3246:
3244:
3243:on June 1, 2013
3225:
3224:
3220:
3214:
3207:
3205:
3204:on June 1, 2013
3191:
3190:
3186:
3176:
3174:
3160:
3159:
3155:
3145:
3143:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3108:
3106:
3092:
3091:
3087:
3077:
3075:
3057:
3056:
3052:
3046:Wayback Machine
3035:"HGO's rousing
3033:
3029:
3019:
3017:
3001:
3000:
2993:
2981:
2980:
2976:
2966:
2964:
2950:
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2763:
2759:
2742:
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2727:
2725:
2708:
2707:
2686:
2676:
2674:
2654:
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2646:
2640:
2623:
2622:
2613:
2603:
2601:
2589:
2588:
2584:
2577:
2567:
2563:
2553:
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2536:
2535:
2531:
2524:
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2501:
2497:
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2471:
2462:
2460:
2442:
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2434:
2424:
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2404:
2403:
2399:
2389:
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2366:
2358:
2354:
2344:
2342:
2324:
2323:
2314:
2304:
2302:
2288:
2287:
2283:
2273:
2271:
2256:Holden, Stephen
2254:
2253:
2249:
2239:
2237:
2217:
2216:
2209:
2199:
2197:
2186:Chicago Tribune
2179:
2178:
2171:
2155:
2154:
2147:
2138:
2136:
2116:
2115:
2102:
2092:
2091:
2082:
2072:
2070:
2056:
2055:
2038:
2028:
2026:
2010:
2009:
2005:
1997:
1990:
1980:
1978:
1964:
1963:
1956:
1944:
1943:
1934:
1924:
1923:
1908:
1900:
1896:
1886:
1884:
1867:
1866:
1853:
1844:
1843:
1828:
1824:
1819:
1815:
1810:
1788:conducting the
1501:
1496:
1345:
1162:
1138:Robert Brubaker
996:Chicago Tribune
979:
973:in April 2019.
958:Little Red Book
883:conducting the
877:London Coliseum
868:in April 1996,
845:Bielefeld Opera
828:
774:Leonard Garment
768:conducting the
730:
721:
676:
649:
636:
563:Thomas Hammons
554:Henry Kissinger
498:James Maddalena
478:
476:
456:
453:
432:Nixon in China'
424:Mozart-Da Ponte
337:
289:Henry Kissinger
280:Foreign Affairs
250:, February 1972
237:
232:
124:/nixon-in-china
116:
108:
107:
101:
96:
94:
66:
64:San Diego Opera
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5395:
5393:
5385:
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5374:
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5364:
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5319:
5314:
5309:
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5268:
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5265:
5264:
5251:
5250:
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5240:
5233:
5225:
5222:
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5219:
5218:
5212:
5206:
5200:
5194:
5188:
5182:
5176:
5170:
5163:
5161:
5157:
5156:
5154:
5153:
5147:
5144:Manolo Sanchez
5141:
5135:
5134:(aide de camp)
5128:
5126:
5122:
5121:
5119:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5102:
5100:
5096:
5095:
5093:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5074:
5066:
5058:
5050:
5042:
5034:
5027:
5023:Black Dynamite
5019:
5005:
4997:
4989:
4981:
4973:
4965:
4957:
4949:
4945:The Final Days
4941:
4937:Nixon in China
4933:
4925:
4917:
4909:
4901:
4893:
4885:
4877:
4869:
4861:
4853:
4845:
4837:
4829:
4827:
4819:
4818:
4815:
4814:
4812:
4811:
4805:
4803:
4799:
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4796:
4795:
4794:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4773:
4772:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4746:
4745:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4708:
4706:
4702:
4701:
4699:
4698:
4697:
4696:
4691:
4681:
4680:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4653:
4651:
4647:
4646:
4644:
4643:
4637:
4635:
4631:
4630:
4628:
4627:
4622:
4616:
4614:
4607:
4601:
4600:
4598:
4597:
4592:
4583:
4581:
4577:
4576:
4574:
4573:
4568:
4560:
4552:
4547:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4514:
4513:
4508:
4506:Kitchen Debate
4503:
4492:
4490:
4484:
4483:
4481:
4480:
4468:
4460:
4449:
4440:
4437:
4436:
4431:
4429:
4428:
4421:
4414:
4406:
4397:
4396:
4394:
4393:
4388:
4382:
4380:
4376:
4375:
4373:
4372:
4364:
4362:
4358:
4357:
4355:
4354:
4347:
4340:
4333:
4326:
4323:Phrygian Gates
4318:
4316:
4312:
4311:
4309:
4308:
4301:
4294:
4286:
4284:
4280:
4279:
4277:
4276:
4269:
4261:
4259:
4255:
4254:
4252:
4251:
4248:Gnarly Buttons
4244:
4237:
4230:
4223:
4214:
4212:
4208:
4207:
4205:
4204:
4197:
4194:Scheherazade.2
4190:
4185:
4178:
4171:
4164:
4157:
4152:
4144:
4142:
4138:
4137:
4135:
4134:
4127:
4120:
4113:
4106:
4099:
4092:
4085:
4082:Tromba Lontana
4078:
4071:
4064:
4055:
4053:
4049:
4048:
4046:
4045:
4038:
4031:
4024:
4017:
4010:
4003:
3996:
3989:
3986:Nixon in China
3981:
3979:
3975:
3974:
3969:
3967:
3966:
3959:
3952:
3944:
3938:
3937:
3933:Nixon in China
3927:
3926:External links
3924:
3923:
3922:
3916:
3901:
3895:
3885:Nixon in China
3871:
3870:
3840:
3833:
3813:
3782:
3768:. 2012-10-03.
3753:
3723:
3690:
3663:
3638:Henahan, Donal
3629:
3599:
3576:
3542:
3512:
3478:
3463:
3451:
3425:
3394:
3360:
3321:
3281:
3269:
3257:
3218:
3184:
3153:
3128:Nixon in China
3116:
3099:Portland Opera
3085:
3062:Nixon in China
3050:
3037:Nixon in China
3027:
2991:
2974:
2943:
2913:
2881:
2850:
2825:Nixon in China
2813:
2788:Nixon in China
2776:
2767:Nixon in China
2757:
2735:
2684:
2659:Nixon in China
2644:
2630:(214): 43–45.
2611:
2582:
2572:Nixon in China
2561:
2529:
2522:
2506:, ed. (2000).
2495:
2469:
2447:Nixon in China
2432:
2397:
2364:
2352:
2312:
2281:
2247:
2222:Nixon in China
2207:
2190:The Vindicator
2169:
2158:Nixon in China
2145:
2121:Nixon in China
2100:
2080:
2036:
2003:
1988:
1954:
1932:
1906:
1894:
1850:
1842:
1841:
1839:into a ballet.
1822:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1794:Opera Colorado
1753:
1752:
1749:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1717:
1713:
1712:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1697:
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1689:
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1679:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1663:
1660:
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1609:
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1600:
1597:
1592:
1582:
1578:
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1500:
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1434:
1431:
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1425:
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1413:
1410:
1407:
1397:
1396:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1226:Nixon in China
1210:Nixon in China
1188:Nixon in China
1165:Nixon in China
1161:
1158:
1124:Nixon in China
1090:Portland Opera
1066:Nixon in China
1001:Nixon in China
978:
975:
950:H. R. Haldeman
907:Nixon in China
897:Nixon in China
833:Sanford Sylvan
758:Nixon in China
729:
726:
720:
717:
675:
672:
648:
645:
644:
643:
640:
635:
632:
629:
628:
622:
621:
618:
613:
609:
608:
605:
600:
596:
595:
592:
587:
580:
579:
576:
571:
565:
564:
561:
556:
550:
549:
544:
539:
533:
532:
530:Sanford Sylvan
527:
524:
518:
517:
512:
507:
501:
500:
495:
490:
484:
483:
473:
468:
467:romanization)
452:
449:
445:Nixon in China
418:acquaintances.
379:Kennedy Center
336:
333:
316:visit to China
246:(right) meets
236:
233:
231:
228:
200:Johann Strauss
136:Nixon in China
130:
129:
114:
110:
109:
102:
92:
90:
86:
85:
82:
78:
77:
72:
68:
67:
61:
53:
52:
42:
41:
40:Nixon in China
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5394:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
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5370:
5368:
5365:
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5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
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5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5304:
5302:
5295:
5290:
5285:
5280:
5276:
5263:
5262:
5253:
5252:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5242:
5239:
5238:
5237:Gerald Ford →
5234:
5232:
5231:
5227:
5226:
5223:
5216:
5213:
5210:
5207:
5204:
5201:
5198:
5195:
5192:
5189:
5186:
5183:
5180:
5177:
5174:
5171:
5168:
5165:
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5162:
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5151:
5148:
5145:
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5139:
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5133:
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5123:
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5112:
5109:
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5103:
5101:
5097:
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5080:
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5067:
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5039:
5035:
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5028:
5025:
5024:
5020:
5017:
5013:
5009:
5006:
5003:
5002:
4998:
4995:
4994:
4990:
4987:
4986:
4982:
4980:
4978:
4974:
4971:
4970:
4966:
4964:
4962:
4958:
4956:
4954:
4950:
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4946:
4942:
4940:
4938:
4934:
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4930:
4926:
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4918:
4915:
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4910:
4908:
4906:
4902:
4900:
4898:
4894:
4891:
4890:
4886:
4884:
4882:
4878:
4876:
4874:
4870:
4867:
4866:
4862:
4859:
4858:
4854:
4851:
4850:
4846:
4844:
4842:
4838:
4835:
4831:
4830:
4828:
4826:
4820:
4810:
4807:
4806:
4804:
4802:Gubernatorial
4800:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4778:
4777:
4776:1972 campaign
4774:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4751:
4750:
4749:1968 campaign
4747:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4714:
4713:
4712:1960 campaign
4710:
4709:
4707:
4703:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4686:
4685:
4684:1956 campaign
4682:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4659:
4658:
4657:1952 campaign
4655:
4654:
4652:
4648:
4642:
4639:
4638:
4636:
4632:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4617:
4615:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4602:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4589:
4585:
4584:
4582:
4578:
4572:
4569:
4566:
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4557:
4553:
4551:
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4545:
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4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
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4516:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4498:
4497:
4494:
4493:
4491:
4485:
4477:
4473:
4469:
4465:
4461:
4457:
4454:
4450:
4446:
4442:
4441:
4438:
4434:
4433:Richard Nixon
4427:
4422:
4420:
4415:
4413:
4408:
4407:
4404:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4386:Minimal music
4384:
4383:
4381:
4377:
4371:
4370:
4366:
4365:
4363:
4359:
4353:
4352:
4348:
4346:
4345:
4341:
4339:
4338:
4334:
4332:
4331:
4327:
4325:
4324:
4320:
4319:
4317:
4313:
4307:
4306:
4302:
4300:
4299:
4295:
4293:
4292:
4288:
4287:
4285:
4281:
4275:
4274:
4270:
4268:
4267:
4263:
4262:
4260:
4256:
4250:
4249:
4245:
4243:
4242:
4238:
4236:
4235:
4231:
4229:
4228:
4224:
4221:
4220:
4216:
4215:
4213:
4211:Chamber music
4209:
4203:
4202:
4198:
4196:
4195:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4183:
4182:Absolute Jest
4179:
4177:
4176:
4172:
4170:
4169:
4168:Century Rolls
4165:
4163:
4162:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4150:
4146:
4145:
4143:
4139:
4133:
4132:
4128:
4126:
4125:
4121:
4119:
4118:
4114:
4112:
4111:
4107:
4105:
4104:
4100:
4098:
4097:
4093:
4091:
4090:
4086:
4084:
4083:
4079:
4077:
4076:
4072:
4070:
4069:
4068:Harmonielehre
4065:
4062:
4061:
4057:
4056:
4054:
4050:
4044:
4043:
4039:
4037:
4036:
4032:
4030:
4029:
4025:
4023:
4022:
4018:
4016:
4015:
4014:Doctor Atomic
4011:
4009:
4008:
4004:
4002:
4001:
3997:
3995:
3994:
3990:
3988:
3987:
3983:
3982:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3965:
3960:
3958:
3953:
3951:
3946:
3945:
3942:
3935:
3934:
3930:
3929:
3925:
3919:
3917:9780199912902
3913:
3909:
3908:
3907:Rule and Ruin
3902:
3898:
3892:
3888:
3884:
3883:John Adams's
3879:
3878:
3877:
3876:
3875:Other sources
3858:
3854:
3850:
3844:
3841:
3836:
3830:
3826:
3825:
3817:
3814:
3801:
3797:
3793:
3786:
3783:
3771:
3767:
3763:
3757:
3754:
3742:
3738:
3734:
3731:Adams, John.
3727:
3724:
3711:
3707:
3703:
3697:
3695:
3691:
3678:
3674:
3667:
3664:
3651:
3647:
3643:
3639:
3633:
3630:
3617:
3613:
3609:
3603:
3600:
3594:
3593:Naxos Records
3590:
3583:
3581:
3577:
3564:
3560:
3556:
3552:
3546:
3543:
3530:
3526:
3522:
3516:
3513:
3500:
3496:
3492:
3485:
3483:
3479:
3474:
3467:
3464:
3461:, p. 22.
3460:
3455:
3452:
3439:
3435:
3429:
3426:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3398:
3395:
3382:
3378:
3374:
3370:
3364:
3361:
3348:
3344:
3343:
3338:
3332:
3330:
3328:
3326:
3322:
3306:
3302:
3298:
3294:
3293:Kozinn, Allan
3288:
3286:
3282:
3278:
3273:
3270:
3266:
3261:
3258:
3242:
3238:
3237:
3232:
3228:
3227:Cahill, Sarah
3222:
3219:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3188:
3185:
3172:
3168:
3164:
3157:
3154:
3141:
3137:
3136:
3131:
3129:
3120:
3117:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3089:
3086:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3063:
3054:
3051:
3047:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3031:
3028:
3015:
3011:
3010:
3005:
2998:
2996:
2992:
2987:
2986:
2978:
2975:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2947:
2944:
2931:
2927:
2923:
2917:
2914:
2898:
2891:
2885:
2882:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2854:
2851:
2838:
2834:
2833:
2828:
2826:
2817:
2814:
2801:
2797:
2796:
2791:
2789:
2780:
2777:
2772:
2768:
2761:
2758:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2739:
2736:
2723:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2705:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2697:
2695:
2693:
2691:
2689:
2685:
2672:
2668:
2667:
2662:
2660:
2651:
2649:
2645:
2637:
2633:
2629:
2628:
2620:
2618:
2616:
2612:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2586:
2583:
2575:
2573:
2565:
2562:
2549:
2545:
2544:
2539:
2533:
2530:
2525:
2519:
2515:
2511:
2510:
2505:
2499:
2496:
2484:on 2016-08-11
2483:
2479:
2473:
2470:
2458:
2455:. p. 1.
2454:
2450:
2448:
2439:
2437:
2433:
2421:on 2012-10-20
2420:
2416:
2412:
2410:
2401:
2398:
2386:on 2012-10-20
2385:
2381:
2377:
2371:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2356:
2353:
2341:on 2012-10-20
2340:
2336:
2332:
2330:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2313:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2285:
2282:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2251:
2248:
2236:on 2012-10-20
2235:
2231:
2230:
2225:
2223:
2214:
2212:
2208:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2176:
2174:
2170:
2165:
2164:
2159:
2152:
2150:
2146:
2134:
2130:
2129:
2124:
2122:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2101:
2096:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2081:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2041:
2037:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2014:
2007:
2004:
2000:
1995:
1993:
1989:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1965:Park, Elena.
1961:
1959:
1955:
1950:
1949:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1933:
1928:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1898:
1895:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1849:
1848:
1838:
1837:Peter Martins
1834:
1833:
1826:
1823:
1817:
1814:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1802:June Anderson
1799:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1773:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1718:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1698:
1695:
1693:
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1680:
1676:
1673:
1670:
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1664:
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1658:
1655:
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1644:
1641:
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1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1621:
1618:
1617:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1542:
1541:
1518:
1507:
1504:
1498:
1491:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1458:
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1455:
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1438:
1435:
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1411:
1408:
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1402:
1398:
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1390:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1355:
1354:
1350:
1349:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1329:Donal Henahan
1325:
1319:
1317:
1313:
1308:
1304:
1303:Chiang Ch'ing
1300:
1296:
1292:
1291:
1285:
1282:
1281:Spirit of '76
1276:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1252:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1240:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1218:
1213:
1211:
1207:
1206:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1184:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1134:
1129:
1125:
1120:
1119:
1114:
1110:
1109:
1103:
1099:
1094:
1091:
1086:
1085:
1079:
1073:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1062:Marvin Kitman
1059:
1058:
1052:
1051:
1045:
1044:Donal Henahan
1041:
1040:
1034:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1012:
1008:
1007:
1002:
998:
997:
988:
983:
976:
974:
972:
967:
964:
961:
959:
955:
954:Dwight Chapin
951:
947:
943:
939:
934:
931:
927:
923:
918:
916:
913:debut at the
912:
908:
904:
903:
902:Doctor Atomic
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
873:
871:
867:
866:
861:
856:
854:
850:
846:
842:
841:Muziektheater
837:
834:
827:
826:Spirit of '76
823:
818:
816:
815:Spirit of '76
812:
811:
806:
802:
798:
797:Carolann Page
794:
793:
787:
785:
784:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
753:
752:
747:
743:
739:
735:
727:
725:
718:
716:
714:
710:
709:
704:
700:
699:Summer Palace
695:
687:
686:
680:
673:
671:
669:
665:
664:Spirit of '76
657:
653:
646:
641:
638:
637:
633:
627:
623:
619:
617:
614:
611:
610:
606:
604:
601:
598:
597:
593:
591:
590:mezzo-soprano
588:
585:
582:
581:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
566:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
551:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
534:
531:
528:
525:
523:
520:
519:
516:
515:Carolann Page
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
502:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
488:Richard Nixon
486:
485:
482:
475:Premiere cast
474:
472:
469:
466:
462:
461:
450:
448:
446:
440:
437:
433:
429:
425:
419:
414:
411:
409:
405:
401:
397:
387:
383:
380:
376:
372:
371:Alice Goodman
367:
363:
362:Peter Sellars
355:
354:
353:Spirit of '76
349:
345:
341:
334:
332:
330:
326:
321:
317:
313:
308:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
281:
275:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
256:Richard Nixon
249:
245:
244:Richard Nixon
241:
234:
229:
227:
225:
221:
215:
213:
209:
208:neoclassicism
206:20th-century
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
176:
174:
170:
169:Peter Sellars
166:
162:
158:
157:Richard Nixon
154:
153:Alice Goodman
150:
146:
142:
138:
137:
127:
115:
111:
105:
91:
87:
83:
79:
76:
75:Alice Goodman
73:
69:
65:
59:
54:
51:
47:
43:
38:
33:
19:
5294:
5254:
5235:
5228:
5215:Edward Nixon
5209:Donald Nixon
5132:Jack Brennan
5076:
5068:
5061:
5057:(2015 novel)
5052:
5044:
5037:
5021:
4999:
4991:
4983:
4976:
4967:
4960:
4952:
4943:
4939:(1987 opera)
4936:
4935:
4929:Secret Honor
4928:
4919:
4916:(1977 novel)
4911:
4904:
4896:
4887:
4880:
4872:
4863:
4855:
4847:
4840:
4705:Presidential
4595:Bibliography
4587:
4562:
4554:
4550:Nixon Center
4511:Operation 40
4367:
4351:I Still Play
4349:
4342:
4335:
4328:
4321:
4303:
4296:
4289:
4283:Choral music
4271:
4264:
4246:
4239:
4232:
4225:
4219:Shaker Loops
4217:
4199:
4192:
4180:
4173:
4166:
4159:
4147:
4129:
4122:
4115:
4108:
4103:Lollapalooza
4101:
4094:
4087:
4080:
4073:
4066:
4063:(orchestral)
4060:Shaker Loops
4058:
4040:
4033:
4026:
4019:
4012:
4005:
3998:
3991:
3985:
3984:
3932:
3906:
3886:
3882:
3874:
3873:
3861:. Retrieved
3852:
3843:
3823:
3816:
3804:. Retrieved
3800:the original
3795:
3785:
3774:. Retrieved
3765:
3756:
3745:. Retrieved
3736:
3726:
3714:. Retrieved
3681:. Retrieved
3666:
3654:. Retrieved
3645:
3632:
3620:. Retrieved
3616:the original
3611:
3602:
3588:
3567:. Retrieved
3558:
3545:
3533:. Retrieved
3515:
3503:. Retrieved
3494:
3472:
3471:"In Focus".
3466:
3454:
3442:. Retrieved
3428:
3416:. Retrieved
3397:
3385:. Retrieved
3376:
3363:
3351:. Retrieved
3347:the original
3340:
3309:. Retrieved
3305:the original
3300:
3272:
3267:, p. 7.
3260:
3245:. Retrieved
3241:the original
3234:
3221:
3206:. Retrieved
3202:the original
3194:"Minimalism"
3187:
3175:. Retrieved
3166:
3156:
3144:. Retrieved
3133:
3127:
3119:
3107:. Retrieved
3103:the original
3088:
3076:. Retrieved
3067:
3061:
3053:
3036:
3030:
3018:. Retrieved
3007:
2983:
2977:
2965:. Retrieved
2956:
2946:
2934:. Retrieved
2925:
2916:
2906:February 19,
2904:. Retrieved
2897:the original
2884:
2872:. Retrieved
2863:
2853:
2841:. Retrieved
2830:
2824:
2816:
2806:September 6,
2804:. Retrieved
2795:The Guardian
2793:
2787:
2779:
2770:
2766:
2760:
2751:
2747:
2738:
2726:. Retrieved
2717:
2675:. Retrieved
2666:The Guardian
2664:
2658:
2625:
2602:. Retrieved
2598:
2585:
2578:(in Italian)
2571:
2564:
2552:. Retrieved
2543:The Scotsman
2541:
2532:
2508:
2504:Neef, Sigrid
2498:
2486:. Retrieved
2482:the original
2472:
2461:. Retrieved
2452:
2446:
2423:. Retrieved
2419:the original
2414:
2408:
2400:
2388:. Retrieved
2384:the original
2379:
2362:, p. 4.
2355:
2343:. Retrieved
2339:the original
2334:
2328:
2303:. Retrieved
2294:
2284:
2272:. Retrieved
2263:
2250:
2238:. Retrieved
2234:the original
2227:
2221:
2198:. Retrieved
2161:
2157:
2137:. Retrieved
2126:
2120:
2119:"Rethinking
2097:: Ins1–Ins3.
2094:
2071:. Retrieved
2062:
2027:. Retrieved
2016:
2006:
2001:, p. 3.
1979:. Retrieved
1970:
1946:
1926:
1897:
1885:. Retrieved
1881:the original
1872:
1846:
1845:
1830:
1825:
1816:
1778:Grammy Award
1770:
1763:Edo de Waart
1756:
1586:RCA Studio A
1550:
1502:
1489:
1453:
1452:
1418:
1400:
1399:
1352:
1351:
1320:
1288:
1286:
1280:
1277:
1271:
1268:sleigh bells
1253:
1237:
1225:
1222:Allan Kozinn
1215:
1214:
1209:
1203:
1192:Philip Glass
1187:
1185:
1173:Sarah Cahill
1164:
1163:
1150:
1146:
1131:
1123:
1118:Don Giovanni
1116:
1106:
1101:
1095:
1084:The Guardian
1082:
1077:
1074:
1070:
1065:
1055:
1048:
1037:
1035:
1028:
1014:
1010:
1004:
1000:
994:
992:
968:
965:
962:
935:
919:
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896:
874:
863:
857:
848:
838:
825:
819:
814:
808:
790:
788:
781:
757:
756:
749:
731:
722:
706:
703:Peking Opera
691:
683:
661:
625:
547:John Duykers
444:
441:
431:
421:
416:
412:
392:
359:
351:
309:
305:table tennis
278:
276:
253:
216:
204:Stravinskian
192:Philip Glass
177:
135:
134:
133:
5307:1987 operas
5152:(secretary)
5073:(2017 film)
5064:(2016 film)
5049:(2014 film)
5040:(2013 film)
5026:(2009 film)
5004:(2004 film)
4996:(2002 film)
4988:(2000 film)
4979:(1999 film)
4963:(1997 film)
4955:(1995 film)
4948:(1989 film)
4931:(1984 film)
4907:(1976 film)
4899:(1975 film)
4892:(1973 film)
4883:(1973 song)
4875:(1972 film)
4868:(1972 film)
4860:(1972 film)
4852:(1972 play)
4843:(1971 film)
4634:U.S. Senate
4478:(1947–1950)
4466:(1950–1953)
4458:(1953–1961)
4447:(1969–1974)
4330:China Gates
4315:Piano works
4241:Road Movies
4141:Concertante
3521:Adams, John
3495:Opera Today
3012:: 102–104.
2744:Gelb, Peter
2449:in Houston"
2411:in Houston"
1786:Marin Alsop
1699:Anderson-J
1272:Gramophone'
1256:synthesizer
1200:Terry Riley
1196:Steve Reich
1177:minimalists
1142:Janis Kelly
1113:Trump Tower
930:Allen Moyer
881:Paul Daniel
855:in August.
805:supertitles
766:John DeMain
620:Marion Dry
594:Mari Opatz
481:John DeMain
479:Conductor:
400:heldentenor
272:Vietnam War
270:to end the
184:synthesizer
173:Mark Morris
5301:Categories
5187:(grandson)
5181:(daughter)
5175:(daughter)
4786:convention
4764:convention
4727:convention
4689:convention
4677:transition
4667:convention
4613:U.S. House
4588:Six Crises
4361:Film score
4161:Eros Piano
3971:John Adams
3853:Grammy.com
3776:2024-03-30
3747:2024-03-30
3612:Gramophone
3444:October 9,
3342:Gramophone
2786:"Prom 72:
2771:Opera News
2591:Ross, Alex
2463:2024-08-15
2163:Opera News
2139:2024-08-15
1948:Opera News
1808:References
1772:Gramophone
1674:Maddalena
1611:Maddalena
1573:Maddalena
1555:broadcast
1538:Kissinger
1520:Conductor
1499:Recordings
1264:slapsticks
1260:wood block
1245:Stravinsky
1239:Gramophone
1169:minimalism
893:Peter Gelb
801:First Lady
471:Voice type
463:Role (and
404:coloratura
375:librettist
366:John Adams
320:Zhou Enlai
301:Mao Zedong
248:Mao Zedong
230:Background
188:minimalist
145:John Adams
97:1987-10-22
71:Librettist
50:John Adams
5217:(brother)
5211:(brother)
5078:Watergate
5038:Our Nixon
5016:2008 film
5012:2006 play
4841:Millhouse
4781:primaries
4754:primaries
4717:primaries
4662:selection
4605:Elections
4369:I Am Love
4291:Harmonium
4131:City Noir
3863:March 22,
3716:March 22,
3683:March 13,
3656:April 11,
3622:April 11,
3569:April 11,
3535:March 12,
3505:April 11,
3418:March 11,
3387:April 11,
3353:April 11,
3311:March 11,
3247:March 11,
3208:March 11,
3177:March 25,
3146:March 29,
3109:March 27,
3078:April 11,
3020:March 26,
2843:March 25,
2728:April 11,
2677:March 25,
2604:April 11,
2554:April 11,
2425:March 28,
2390:March 28,
2345:March 28,
2305:March 25,
2274:March 25,
2240:March 28,
2200:March 25,
2073:March 25,
2029:March 25,
1981:March 20,
1887:March 21,
1721:medici.tv
1668:Brubaker
1337:arpeggios
1284:travels.
1153:CNN Opera
1021:Mark Swed
977:Reception
911:BBC Proms
870:Alex Ross
656:Pat Nixon
616:contralto
526:baritone
505:Pat Nixon
428:ensembles
348:Pat Nixon
335:Inception
299:chairman
180:saxophone
106:, Houston
5261:Category
5205:(mother)
5199:(father)
5070:The Post
4969:Futurama
4791:election
4769:election
4737:election
4694:election
4672:election
4489:politics
4487:Life and
3857:Archived
3770:Archived
3741:Archived
3710:Archived
3677:Archived
3650:Archived
3563:Archived
3529:Archived
3499:Archived
3438:Archived
3412:Archived
3381:Archived
3295:(2007).
3229:(2007).
3171:Archived
3140:Archived
3072:Archived
3042:Archived
3014:Archived
3009:New York
2961:Archived
2930:Archived
2874:12 March
2868:Archived
2837:Archived
2800:Archived
2790:—review"
2722:Archived
2671:Archived
2548:Archived
2457:Archived
2299:Archived
2268:Archived
2194:Archived
2133:Archived
2067:Archived
2023:Archived
1975:Archived
1951:: 20–24.
1759:Nonesuch
1708:Pomponi
1687:Mezzo TV
1648:Hammons
1636:Kanyova
1614:Hammons
1605:Duykers
1595:de Waart
1590:Nonesuch
1576:Hammons
1567:Duykers
1512:Details
1234:Gershwin
1050:New York
744:and the
634:Synopsis
493:baritone
212:big band
149:libretto
89:Premiere
81:Language
5146:(valet)
5099:Related
5054:Crooked
4857:Richard
4825:culture
4823:Popular
4732:debates
4007:El Niño
3806:23 July
3796:AP News
3459:Johnson
3277:Johnson
3265:Johnson
3135:Variety
2967:Jun 10,
2936:Jun 10,
2488:May 16,
2360:Johnson
1999:Johnson
1798:Sumi Jo
1747:Hampson
1736:Fleming
1726:Dudamel
1711:Sidhom
1705:Kim-KC
1639:Heller
1608:Sylvan
1599:Craney
1570:Sylvan
1561:Craney
1558:DeMain
1523:Chiang
1316:foxtrot
1299:Strauss
1279:of the
1220:critic
1102:Variety
1019:critic
510:soprano
344:Richard
323:with a
264:détente
147:with a
120:.earbox
113:Website
95: (
84:English
5327:Operas
5275:Portal
5169:(wife)
5160:Family
4590:(1962)
4567:(1982)
4559:(1977)
3978:Operas
3914:
3893:
3831:
3737:Discog
3591:(CD).
2636:946494
2634:
2520:
2331:opera"
1751:Bloom
1743:Zhang
1740:Myers
1702:Kim-A
1692:Briger
1671:Braun
1665:Kelly
1662:Kim-K
1659:Adams
1535:Nixon
1515:Roles
1490:
1249:Mahler
1230:Wagner
1198:, and
1078:Tempo'
736:, the
465:pinyin
196:Wagner
139:is an
5289:Opera
5125:Staff
4953:Nixon
4580:Books
4476:CA–12
2900:(PDF)
2893:(PDF)
2748:Nixon
2632:JSTOR
2627:Tempo
2514:10–11
2409:Nixon
2329:Nixon
1847:Notes
1782:Naxos
1716:2023
1682:2012
1677:Fink
1653:2011
1645:Orth
1642:Yuan
1633:Dahl
1629:Alsop
1624:Naxos
1619:2008
1602:Page
1581:1987
1564:Page
1543:1987
1532:Chou
1509:Year
1454:Act 3
1401:Act 2
1353:Act 1
1324:Naxos
1160:Music
1011:Nixon
829:'
719:Act 3
674:Act 2
647:Act 1
542:tenor
451:Roles
325:great
141:opera
46:Opera
4977:Dick
4809:1962
4641:1950
4625:1948
4620:1946
4474:for
4453:36th
3912:ISBN
3891:ISBN
3865:2011
3829:ISBN
3808:2023
3718:2011
3685:2011
3658:2011
3624:2011
3571:2011
3537:2011
3507:2011
3446:2010
3420:2011
3389:2011
3355:2011
3313:2011
3249:2011
3210:2011
3179:2011
3148:2011
3111:2011
3080:2011
3022:2011
2969:2020
2938:2020
2908:2016
2876:2017
2845:2011
2808:2012
2754:: 3.
2730:2011
2679:2011
2606:2011
2556:2011
2518:ISBN
2490:2016
2427:2011
2392:2011
2347:2011
2307:2011
2276:2011
2242:2011
2202:2011
2188:via
2075:2011
2031:2011
1983:2011
1889:2011
1800:and
1792:and
1784:has
1529:Mao
1526:Pat
1266:and
1115:and
985:The
940:and
603:alto
559:bass
436:aria
346:and
198:and
122:.com
3408:BBC
2160:".
1731:Kim
1696:Jo
1548:PBS
1232:to
1183:".
1130:of
780:'s
778:PBS
331:."
159:'s
151:by
118:www
48:by
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