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542:, around 34 motor launches were attacked by the squadron and many of these were sunk. A major sortie was conducted on 15 June, when the squadron fulfilled an anti-flak role while several other squadrons attacked a E-boat depot ship and a 8,000-ton supply ship with torpedoes. This saw both ships sunk and as many as ten escort vessels destroyed with no losses among the attacking aircraft. Two weeks later saw more major success for the squadron, with two cargo ships destroyed off the
63:
39:
78:
450:, located on the north-east coast of Scotland. By this time, it was being led by Wing Commander V. Darling. It continued with its anti-shipping work along the Norwegian coast, making 18 attacks on vessels by the middle of the year. One notable success, which occurred while working with the Australian
578:
No. 489 Squadron's anti-shipping work along Norway's coast continued into 1945, and for the final months of the war it was led by Wing
Commander D. Hammond. The squadron continued to operate as part of the Anzac Strike Wing, which now included a British squadron as well as the Australian unit. Major
466:
In August, Wing
Commander John Dinsdale, a New Zealander, took over command of the squadron. On 16 September it flew its last major operation with the Hampdens when a flight of four aircraft attacked a five-vessel convoy it sighted while patrolling along the Norwegian coast. They were able to sink a
462:
in late
January. A 7,000-ton merchant ship was sunk in early April and at the end of the month, another was so badly damaged it was run aground. Its anti-shipping work was dangerous; heavy flak fire often damaged, if not destroyed, the attacking aircraft and German fighters were easily a match for
310:
with personnel from the respective countries. In theory, the
Dominions would supply the ground crew as well as flying personnel. However, in New Zealand's case, there was a reluctance to maintain RNZAF squadrons in Britain so the decision was made to allow for the formation of squadrons within the
510:, targeting merchant ships and looking for movement along shipping lanes. During these operations, a portion of the attacking Beaufighters were equipped with cannon instead of torpedoes, their role being to target the anti-aircraft defences of the shipping being attacked. They also sought out
471:, a process which took several weeks. As the Beaufighter only required two aircrew, a pilot and navigator, the wireless operators and air gunners were surplus to requirements. In addition, several of its navigators were posted to other units while the pilots learnt to operate the Beaufighter.
619:
During the course of its service during the Second World War, No. 489 Squadron flew 2,380 sorties and 9,773 hours on operations. A total of 33 New
Zealanders were killed while serving with the squadron. Awards made to its personnel as a result of their service with the squadron included two
355:, which can be translated as "Acquit ye like men, be strong". At the time the squadron was formed, there were few New Zealanders with experience operating torpedo bombers so, despite being an Article XV squadron, some personnel were from other countries. It was led by
557:
in
Scotland. It was uncomfortable for the personnel of the squadron due to the inclement weather in the area and the relatively crude facilities. The aircraft flew day and night, and when they reached the Norwegian coast, often had to fly deep into the
290:(RAF) was in the process of expanding and required an increasing number of suitable flying personnel. A number of schemes were implemented for New Zealanders to obtain short-service commissions in the RAF with the intention of then transferring to the
594:
The last operational mission for the squadron, involving a pair of
Beaufighters, was flown on 21 May. By this time, it had carried out about 1,250 sorties in the previous five months. In June, with the war in Europe now at an end, it moved to
297:
At around the same time there was discussion between the governments of
Britain, Australia, Canada and New Zealand to facilitate the co-ordination of training of air crew in the event of hostilities. This led to the implementation of the
483:, steaming along the Norwegian coast. On the squadron's first sortie with the Beaufighter, it attacked a convoy of ships near the southern coast of Norway. A merchantman of around 12,000 tons was sunk before a group of
537:
itself and immediately afterwards, the Anzac Strike Wing was tasked with seeking out and destroying E- and R-boats, which could threaten the vessels of the Allied invasion fleet. Flying as far as
Holland through to
302:(ETAS) in December 1939. Under this agreement, New Zealand committed to initially supply 880 full trained pilots for the RAF, with another 520 pilots being trained to an elementary standard annually. As each of the
1190:
1167:
315:, were formed around a cadre of New Zealand flying personnel already serving in the RAF but supplemented by newly trained pilots from the RNZAF, with administrative and ground crew being predominantly British.
467:
merchant ship. Soon afterwards, it was taken off operations having accounted for sinking 36,000 tons of shipping by this stage of the year. The squadron returned to
Leuchars to begin converting to the
278:
that could attack the invasion fleet, it returned to operations over the North Sea to Norway. It was disbanded in August 1945, once it was determined it was no longer required for service in the war.
479:
The squadron returned to operations in January 1944 and returned to its anti-shipping duties, targeting merchant vessels, loaded with supplies for the German war effort and often accompanied by
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363:
B. Sandeman and D. Evans, was an Englishman. Although training was initially on Beauforts, these aircraft were soon required for service in the Mediterranean. They were replaced by the
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1321:
247:. Its main role at the time was anti-submarine duties in the Atlantic but it was soon switched to operating against German shipping and carrying out patrols over the
411:, where its primary task was patrolling the Norwegian coast and attacking shipping. It also provided aerial cover for vessels making their way to the naval base at
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to seek out German shipping. The high losses experienced by the Germans resulted in more shipping moving at night and sheltering in the fjords during the day.
400:
for the squadron. The Hampden that was attacked was able to safely return but with two of its crew wounded. Its rear gunner was awarded the squadron's first
625:
401:
1238:
From Bunnies to Beaufighters: the Autobiography of Donald McKenzie Tunnicliffe, DFC, incorporating a history of 489 Squadron RNZAF, November 1943–May 1945
299:
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the obsolete Hampdens. Over the summer months there was increased emphasis on anti-submarine patrols and search and rescue missions.
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had considerably reduced and No. 489 Squadron was soon able to return to its previous anti-shipping role along the Norwegian coast.
294:(RNZAF) in the future. This led to over 500 New Zealanders serving in the RAF by the time of the outbreak of the Second World War.
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The squadron became operational in April 1942, by this time having 68 New Zealand flying personnel. The squadron moved to
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was attacked and damaged by 30 Beaufighters. Later in the month, one of the squadron's crews sighted and sunk the
306:
desired its personnel to serve together, the ETAS had a clause, Article XV, that allowed for the establishment of
1241:
1047:
Combat Codes: A Full Explanation and Listing of British, Commonwealth and Allied Air Force Unit Codes since 1938
388:
in the south of England from where it carried out anti-submarine patrols into the Atlantic and as far as the
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fighters saw off the attackers. Another ship, spotted earlier in the sortie, was strafed and badly damaged.
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with a view to moving to the Pacific. However, before the conversion to Mosquitoes was completed, the
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A group of pilots of No. 489 Squadron; its leader, Wing Commander J. S. Dinsdale stands on the right
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Formed in August 1941, the squadron commenced operations in April the following year, flying
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By October, No. 489 Squadron, now led by Wing Commander L. A. Robertson, was operating from
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17:
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collapsed and the war ended. The squadron was subsequently disbanded on 1 August.
1215:
489: An Unofficial History of No. 489 Torpedo Bomber Squadron RNZAF, 1941 to 1945
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408:
83:
494:, along with No. 455 Squadron, and shortly afterwards moved south to a base at
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392:. Shortly after it began these flights, one of its aircraft were attacked by
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502:. The wing operated in support of the Allied preparations for the upcoming
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Film footage of Beaufighters of No. 489 Squadron taking off for a sortie
1285:
Article about No. 489 Squadron – the precursor to its unofficial history
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539:
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1143:
Coastal, Support and Special Squadrons of the RAF and their Aircraft
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A Bristol Beaufighter of No. 489 Squadron with its crew, April 1944
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The Squadrons of the Royal Air Force & Commonwealth, 1918–1988
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322:
270:, the squadron supported the Allied preparations for the upcoming
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The following served as commanding officers of No. 489 Squadron:
1261:
Forgotten Heroes: Voices of No. 489 New Zealand Torpedo Squadron
1303:
1191:
Official History of New Zealand in the Second World War 1939–45
1168:
Official History of New Zealand in the Second World War 1939–45
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RAF designated as being New Zealand. These squadrons, known as
274:. After the invasion, during which it sought to destroy German
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No. 489 Squadron Beaufighters attacking shipping, 15 July 1944
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Hampdens of No. 489 Squadron in flight over northern Scotland
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A Handley Page Hampden of No. 489 Squadron at Thorney Island
225:. Although its flying personnel were largely drawn from the
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Wing Commander L. A. Robertson (August 1944–February 1945);
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Wing Commander V. C. Darling (October 1942–August 1943);
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Wing Commander J. A. S. Brown (August 1941–October 1942);
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In July, No. 489 Squadron returned to Scotland, based at
658:
Wing Commander J. S. Dinsdale (August 1943–August 1944);
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695:
693:
579:
sorties during the year included one on 9 February to
124:(Translation: "Acquit yourselves like men, be strong")
1107:
The Oxford Companion to New Zealand Military History
664:
Wing Commander D. H. Hammond (February–August 1945).
546:. The threat posed by German surface vessels in the
490:
From April 1944 No. 489 Squadron formed part of the
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Victory: New Zealand Airmen and the Fall of Germany
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1049:. Shrewsbury, Shropshire: Airlife Publishing Ltd.
1026:Bowyer, Michael J.F.; Rawlings, John D.R. (1979).
1614:Military units and formations established in 1941
1068:. Tonbridge, Kent: Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd.
331:No. 489 Squadron was formed on 12 August 1941 at
1619:New Zealand Article XV squadrons of World War II
1535:Navigation and Air Electronics Training Squadron
1193:. Vol. II. Wellington: War History Branch.
442:At the start of 1943, the squadron moved to the
404:for having likely shot down one of the Fw 190s.
1170:. Vol. I. Wellington: War History Branch.
749:
737:
725:
713:
351:, the indigenous language of New Zealand, was
1315:
1030:. Bar Hill, Cambridge: Patrick Stephens Ltd.
506:. It often flew operations to France and the
426:, the first ship to be sunk by the squadron.
217:. It was a New Zealand squadron formed under
8:
1331:Royal New Zealand Air Force flying squadrons
213:squadron established for service during the
1322:
1308:
1300:
359:J. Brown who, like his flight commanders,
1145:. London: Jane's Publishing Company Ltd.
419:, a ship of 5,000 tons, was torpedoed by
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396:fighters, the first engagement with the
1186:New Zealanders with the Royal Air Force
1163:New Zealanders with the Royal Air Force
956:
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914:
674:
1087:. Auckland: HarperCollins Publishers.
1045:Flintham, Vic; Thomas, Andrew (2003).
701:
28:
1236:Tunnicliffe, Donald McKenzie (1990).
1128:. London: George G. Harrap & Co.
1109:. Auckland: Oxford University Press.
7:
25:
603:, and began to re-equip with the
1263:. Napier: Kingoodie Publishing.
1213:Burrowes, David M., ed. (2006).
93:
76:
61:
37:
266:. Now flying to France and the
1:
1126:New Zealanders in the Air War
181:Standing on a Torpedo, a Kiwi
1290:No. 489 Squadron Association
1141:Rawlings, John D.R. (1982).
626:Distinguished Flying Crosses
622:Distinguished Service Orders
634:Conspicuous Gallantry Medal
292:Royal New Zealand Air Force
227:Royal New Zealand Air Force
1635:
1124:Mitchell, Alan W. (1945).
750:Flintham & Thomas 2003
738:Bowyer & Rawlings 1979
726:Flintham & Thomas 2003
714:Bowyer & Rawlings 1979
638:Distinguished Flying Medal
402:Distinguished Flying Cross
300:Empire Air Training Scheme
1064:Halley, James J. (1988).
454:, was the sinking of the
339:aircraft to operate as a
36:
32:No. 489 (NZ) Squadron RAF
1183:Thompson, H. L. (1956).
1160:Thompson, H. L. (1953).
365:Bristol Blenheim Mk. IVf
223:Empire Air Training Plan
145:Bristol Blenheim Mk. IVf
1545:Pilot Training Squadron
1028:Squadron Codes, 1937–56
52:August 1941–August 1945
585:Narvik-class destroyer
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439:
353:Whakatanagata kia kaha
328:
286:In the mid-1930s, the
121:Whakatanagata kia kaha
1540:Central Flying School
1083:Lambert, Max (2014).
605:de Havilland Mosquito
573:
528:
437:
326:
207:No. 489 (NZ) Squadron
197:(Nov 1943 – Aug 1945)
192:(Jan 1942 – Nov 1943)
157:De Havilland Mosquito
1555:Article XV squadrons
1259:Wilkie, Don (2023).
1244:: Alan Tunnicliffe.
566:1945 and disbandment
520:armed motor launches
518:, which were German
504:invasion of Normandy
485:Messerschmitt Bf 109
369:Handley Page Hampden
313:Article XV squadrons
304:Dominion governments
272:invasion of Normandy
242:Handley Page Hampden
149:Handley Page Hampden
18:No. 489 Squadron RAF
1012:, pp. 420–423.
995:, pp. 307–308.
983:, pp. 185–186.
947:, pp. 183–184.
893:, pp. 128–130.
878:, pp. 126–128.
866:, pp. 180–181.
854:, pp. 124–125.
839:, pp. 178–179.
815:, pp. 461–462.
788:, pp. 209–211.
776:, pp. 156–157.
644:Commanding officers
615:Operational summary
469:Bristol Beaufighter
375:Operational history
253:Bristol Beaufighter
153:Bristol Beaufighter
1221:: David Burrowes.
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1270:978-0-473-68874-5
1228:978-0-473-11888-4
1094:978-1-77554-043-4
492:Anzac Strike Wing
394:Focke-Wulf Fw 190
260:Anzac Strike Wing
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1196:
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1188:
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1154:
1152:0-7106-0187-5
1148:
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1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1122:
1118:
1116:0-19-558376-0
1112:
1108:
1104:
1103:McGibbon, Ian
1100:
1096:
1090:
1086:
1081:
1077:
1075:0-85130-164-9
1071:
1067:
1062:
1058:
1056:1-84037-281-8
1052:
1048:
1043:
1039:
1037:0-85059-364-6
1033:
1029:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1011:
1010:Thompson 1956
1006:
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1002:
998:
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993:Thompson 1956
989:
986:
982:
981:Mitchell 1945
977:
974:
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969:Thompson 1956
965:
962:
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946:
945:Mitchell 1945
941:
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926:
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903:Mitchell 1945
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891:Thompson 1956
887:
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876:Thompson 1956
872:
869:
865:
864:Mitchell 1945
860:
857:
853:
852:Thompson 1956
848:
846:
842:
838:
837:Mitchell 1945
833:
830:
826:
825:Mitchell 1945
821:
818:
814:
813:Thompson 1956
809:
807:
805:
803:
801:
799:
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791:
787:
786:Thompson 1953
782:
779:
775:
774:McGibbon 2000
770:
767:
763:
762:McGibbon 2000
758:
755:
752:, p. 96.
751:
746:
743:
740:, p. 84.
739:
734:
731:
727:
722:
719:
715:
710:
707:
703:
698:
696:
694:
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686:
685:Rawlings 1982
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623:
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583:, in which a
582:
572:
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563:
561:
556:
551:
549:
545:
541:
536:
527:
523:
521:
517:
513:
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508:Low Countries
505:
501:
497:
493:
488:
486:
482:
474:
472:
470:
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461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
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429:
427:
425:
424:A. J. Mottram
422:
418:
414:
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405:
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390:Bay of Biscay
387:
379:
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367:and then the
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268:Low Countries
265:
262:, along with
261:
257:
256:heavy fighter
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203:Military unit
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129:Anniversaries
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108:Anti-Shipping
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74:
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40:
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27:
19:
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1260:
1242:Christchurch
1237:
1214:
1185:
1162:
1142:
1125:
1106:
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1046:
1027:
988:
976:
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957:Lambert 2014
952:
930:Lambert 2014
915:Lambert 2014
910:
898:
871:
859:
832:
820:
781:
769:
764:, p. 8.
757:
745:
733:
721:
709:
647:
618:
593:
588:
577:
555:RAF Dallachy
552:
532:
489:
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383:
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333:RAF Leuchars
330:
296:
285:
239:
206:
205:
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189:
120:
26:
1338:Main series
702:Halley 1988
581:Førde Fjord
444:RAF station
409:RAF Skitten
233:as part of
163:Engagements
84:New Zealand
1608:Categories
1134:1079233416
1020:References
601:Banffshire
589:Alsterstum
481:flak ships
456:Ahrensburg
417:Karpfanger
413:Scapa Flow
282:Background
219:Article XV
72:Allegiance
1199:300089346
1176:270919916
628:with one
597:RAF Banff
460:Stavanger
398:Luftwaffe
319:Formation
308:squadrons
249:North Sea
137:Equipment
343:unit of
173:Insignia
113:Motto(s)
1563:75 (NZ)
516:R-boats
512:E-boats
500:Norfolk
496:Langham
221:of the
57:Country
1267:
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1225:
1219:Nelson
1197:
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636:and a
560:fjords
540:Dieppe
209:was a
90:Branch
81:
49:Active
669:Notes
624:, 19
599:, in
535:D-Day
498:, in
458:near
349:Māori
117:Māori
1265:ISBN
1246:ISBN
1223:ISBN
1195:OCLC
1172:OCLC
1147:ISBN
1130:OCLC
1111:ISBN
1089:ISBN
1070:ISBN
1051:ISBN
1032:ISBN
632:, a
514:and
475:1944
448:Wick
430:1943
380:1942
105:Role
1593:490
1588:489
1583:488
1578:487
1573:486
1568:485
1530:230
1525:209
630:bar
533:On
446:at
1610::
1520:75
1515:62
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1500:42
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195:P6
190:XA
119::
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20:)
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