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598:. The Hurricanes carried only six of their battery of eight machine-guns but shot down three Bf 109s and damaged the Henschel for a loss of one aircraft and pilot. In its five weeks of operations, the wing claimed 16 victories, four probables and seven aircraft damaged. The winter snows began on 22 September and the conversion of VVS pilots and ground crew to Hurricanes began in mid-October. In late November the RAF party returned, less various signals staff. During a
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food was ample, though some considered to be a little greasy and the sanitation was hideous, leading to the
British naming the main latrine, directly over a cesspit, "The Kremlin". Co-operation from the Russians was excellent and Isherwood established rapport with the Soviet commanding general and gained the agreement of the Russians on bomber escort tactics.
491:
693:. Nine Hampdens were lost en route, due mainly to harsh Arctic weather, compass failures, German fighters and anti-aircraft fire. The squadrons operated briefly from Vaenga air base, before handing their Hampdens over to the Soviet Air Force. Commonwealth aircrew under RAF command remained active in the Murmansk area until 1944, operating
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their ground crews on the
British military equipment, that would soon be supplied to the Soviet Union. The operation was judged to have fulfilled these objectives. Only 81 Squadron received the battle honour 'Russia, 1941'. The Soviet Union recognised the contribution of 151 Wing by the awards of the
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Vaenga airfield had an adequate surface of compacted sand which became very bumpy in wet weather. Airfield facilities were linked by a tarmac road but beyond the perimeter there were only cart tracks. Accommodation was in brick buildings but wooden huts were found to be unkempt. Bedding was new, the
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attacks on
Dervish led to the ships docking at Archangelsk 400 mi (640 km) to the east. No facilities existed for the assembly of the crated Hurricanes; improvisation and the co-operation of the local Russians overcame the lack of specialist equipment, such as airscrew spanners and the job
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Number 151 Wing "carried out 365 sorties during its stay at Vaenga, claiming 11 Messerschmitt fighters and three Ju 88 bombers shot down" The main objectives of the 1941 expedition to
Murmansk, were to show the quality of the Hurricane aircraft when properly handled and to train Soviet pilots and
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or had just completed their training. The wing was to be transported to north Russia in
Operation Dervish, the first Arctic convoy, to operate until the weather in October or November grounded the aircraft. During the winter lull, the fighters were to be handed over to the
602:, the pilot of a 134 Squadron Hurricane taxied with two airmen sitting on the tail to counter the bumpy surface. The pilot took off unaware that the airmen were still there and crashed soon after, the pilot being seriously injured and the airmen killed.
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On 10 March 1944, 151 Wing was reformed in Iraq with transport aircraft, then disbanded again on 1 June 1946. From 1 October 1959 to 9 September 1964, 151 Wing was an air defence missile unit and was then disbanded for the last time.
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to Wing
Commander Ramsbottom-Isherwood, Squadron Leaders A. H. Rook and A. G. Miller and Flight Sergeant Haw. In 1944, the Engineering Officer in charge of assembling the Hurricanes, Flight Lieutenant Gittins, was awarded the
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took nine days. The aircraft were flown to Vaenga on 12 September, except for two
Hurricanes, whose pilots succumbed to Russian hospitality at a refuelling stop and had to continue the morning after.
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Within 24 hours of commencing operations, the wing shot down its first German aircraft. On 12 September, five
Hurricanes of 81 Squadron intercepted a Henschel reconnaissance aircraft and five
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as part of
Operation Strength, in which the carrier, a cruiser and three destroyers, carried the RAF party. The ships departed from Scapa Flow on 17 August 1941 and the Hurricanes from
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211:) pilots and ground crew to Hurricanes began in mid-October. At the end of November the RAF party returned to Britain, less some signals staff; the wing was then disbanded.
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broadcast a promise of assistance to the USSR against the common enemy. On 7 July, Churchill wrote to Stalin and ordered the
British ambassador in Moscow,
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in Iraq, and operated until its disbanding on 1 June 1946. From 1 October 1959 to 9 September 1964, 151 Wing was an air defence missile unit based at
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landed at Vaenga, about 17 mi (27 km) from Murmansk to find a large and fairly well equipped airfield occupied by a medium bomber squadron.
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On 12 July 1941, a Soviet commission met representatives of the Royal Navy and the RAF in London and it was decided to use the
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In the five weeks of the operation, 151 Wing claimed 16 victories, four probables and seven aircraft damaged. Conversion of
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from Britain to Murmansk. The Hampdens had been refurbished as torpedo-bombers and Operation Orator was designed to cover
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was raised in England with the intention of resuming RAF operations on the front. This was a force of four squadrons of
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was signed in Moscow, to fight together and not make a separate peace. On the same day a Soviet commission met the
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personnel. Possibly due to increased convoy casualties, the operation was called off and 153 Wing was stood down.
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1151:. History of the Second World War United Kingdom Military Series. Vol. I (4th impr. ed.). London:
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687:. The British wanted to protect the convoy from the German surface fleet, especially the battleship
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167:, provided air defence for Allied ships as they were discharging at ports within range of
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considered such proposals unsound, "with the dice loaded against us in every direction".
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255:) as a fighter base to defend ships unloading at the ports of Murmansk, Arkhangelsk and
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No. 151 Wing Royal Air Force Operations in Russia, September–November 1941 (CR38)
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No. 151 Wing was reformed on 10 March 1944 as a transport wing headquartered at
508:
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and two squadrons of ground-attack Hurricanes. This would have involved around
328:. Departing for Russia on 21 August, the convoy was escorted by the destroyers
551:
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244:
195:
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170:
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527:, equipped with Hawker Hurricanes. The pilots had come from 81 Squadron,
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239:, to begin discussions for a treaty of mutual assistance. On 12 July, an
164:
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aerial reconnaissance aircraft in the region, the ships arrived safely.
278:
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The British party converted Soviet air and ground crews to British
1310:
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1306:
Wings 111–192 at Air of Authority – A History of RAF Organisation
679:. The Admiralty did not want a repeat of the tragedy that befell
507:
to defend Allied ships while unloading at the ports of Murmansk,
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and the RAF in London and it was decided to use the airfield at
148:
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558:. The remaining 24 aircraft went on board the aircraft carrier
1072:. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Aviation (Pen & Sword Books).
764:, another Western air squadron operating on the Eastern Front.
194:
engines, many of which were due to be delivered under British
842:
840:
1277:
Hurricane IIB Combat Log: 151 Wing RAF North Russia 1941
924:
922:
920:
454:. Strength delivered the personnel of No. 151 Wing RAF
1070:
RAF Strike Command 1968–2007 Aircraft, Men and Action
550:
together with 15 Hurricanes packed in crates, at the
543:
The majority of the airmen embarked on the steamship
3946:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1964
3931:
Wings of the Royal Air Force in the Second World War
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1091:(1st ed.). Wellingborough: Patrick Stephens.
873:
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659:On 2 September 1942, two Bomber Command units,
458:to Russia and the 24 Hurricanes were flown off
3941:Soviet Union–United Kingdom military relations
958:RAF aircraft crashed in Swedish Lapland :
581:Hurricanes of 134 Squadron RAF at Vaenga, 1941
1852:
1326:
1106:Richards, Denis; Saunders, H. St G. (1975) .
277:The Dervish convoy assembled at Reykjavik in
206:
8:
567:
387:. Distant cover came from the fleet carrier
168:
1109:Royal Air Force 1939–1945: The Fight Avails
139:was a British unit which operated with the
1859:
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1333:
1319:
1311:
960:wreck and remains of crew recovered, 1976
1112:. Vol. II (pbk. ed.). London:
928:
713:with maritime patrol and escort flying.
304:loaded with raw materials and 15 crated
104:Henry Neville Gynes Ramsbottom-Isherwood
1148:The War at Sea 1939–1945: The Defensive
1046:
846:
831:
819:
783:
1704:Commandant-General of the RAF Regiment
790:
17:
1627:List of equipment of the RAF Regiment
7:
1821:
768:List of Wings of the Royal Air Force
1528:Princess Mary's RAF Nursing Service
1768:Combined Cadet Force (RAF section)
1241:. London: Hodder & Stoughton.
705:Spitfire aircraft from Vaenga and
47:7 September 1941 – 22 October 1941
14:
1301:Hawker Hurricane IIB 'Trop' Z5252
51:1 October 1959 – 9 September 1964
3956:Finland–United Kingdom relations
3951:Air defence units and formations
2079:
1905:
1894:
1881:
1867:
1820:
1684:Assistant Chief of the Air Staff
60:
32:
23:
1778:RAF Centre of Aviation Medicine
1658:List of serving senior officers
683:, destroyed by the U-boats and
3926:Finland–Soviet Union relations
519:) was established, comprising
259:. The First Sea Lord, Admiral
231:and its allies. That evening,
1:
874:Richards & Saunders 1975
862:Richards & Saunders 1975
808:Richards & Saunders 1975
517:Neville Ramsbottom-Isherwood
421:) took part in the parallel
367:Shakespearian class trawlers
1553:RAF Mountain Rescue Service
1548:RAF Search and Rescue Force
1237:; Loveless, Antony (2014).
896:, Chapter I, paragraphs 6–8
495:Preserved Hurricane Mk IIB
151:during the first months of
49:10 March 1944 – 1 June 1946
3972:
1709:Warrant Officer of the RAF
1404:Operational Training units
1203:"RAF Hurricanes in Russia"
1175:Woodman, Richard (2004) .
669:Royal Australian Air Force
652:
483:
311:aircraft, the fleet oiler
270:
2077:
1901:United Kingdom portal
1891:
1801:
1653:List of notable personnel
1584:Royal Auxiliary Air Force
1450:Satellite Landing Grounds
1348:
1207:Lend-Lease on airforce.ru
462:to Vaenga (later renamed
163:, the 1941 expedition to
31:
1788:RAF Football Association
1689:Air Member for Personnel
1409:Schools / Training units
1258:Hurricanes Over Murmansk
1177:Arctic Convoys 1941–1945
1089:Hurricanes over Murmansk
914:RAF Hurricanes in Russia
273:Operation Dervish (1941)
1699:Air Member for Materiel
1201:Sheppard, Mark (2016).
1179:. London: John Murray.
892:22 October 2009 at the
750:surface-to-air missiles
538:Voyenno-Vozdushnye Sily
365:and the anti-submarine
208:Voyenno-Vozdushnye Sily
190:IIB fighters and their
1279:. Glasgow: Centurion.
583:
568:
500:
241:Anglo-Soviet Agreement
207:
169:
3936:Royal Air Force wings
2342:Fighter Sector Exeter
1919:airfield headquarters
1589:RAF Volunteer Reserve
1256:Golley, John (2001).
1068:Darling, Kev (2012).
987:, paragraphs 6 and 10
983:27 September 2002 at
946:27 September 2002 at
673:Handley Page Hampdens
639:Supermarine Spitfires
629:Subsequent operations
623:Order of the Red Star
579:
493:
470:. Due to the lack of
223:On 22 June 1941, the
2337:Fighter Sector Digby
1622:List of RAF missiles
1605:List of RAF aircraft
1523:RAF Medical Services
1508:RAF Chaplains Branch
1275:Harkins, H. (2013).
1260:. Airlife Classics.
998:"Wing Nos 111 - 192"
965:7 March 2008 at the
885:RAF campaigns :
592:Messerschmitt Bf 109
515:. No. 151 Wing RAF (
290:New Westminster City
281:, consisting of six
153:Operation Barbarossa
2292:22 (RCAF) (Fighter)
1912:Aviation portal
1783:RAF Benevolent Fund
1718:symbols and uniform
1351:Ministry of Defence
1087:Golley, J. (1987).
727:RAF North Luffenham
703:photoreconnaissance
435:and the destroyers
347:, the minesweepers
2191:62 (RCAF) (Beaver)
1763:Air Training Corps
1679:Chief of Air Staff
1543:RAF Music Services
1213:on 27 October 2015
747:Bristol Bloodhound
643:2,000 Commonwealth
584:
547:Llanstephan Castle
501:
486:Operation Benedict
480:Operation Benedict
423:Operation Strength
417:(a veteran of the
302:Llanstephan Castle
286:Lancastrian Prince
192:Rolls-Royce Merlin
161:Operation Benedict
3908:
3907:
2302:25 (Base Defence)
2297:24 (Base Defence)
2287:21 (Base Defence)
1834:
1833:
1663:Personnel numbers
1558:RAF Marine Branch
1538:RAF ground trades
1484:
1483:
1286:978-1-903630-46-4
1267:978-1-84037-298-4
1248:978-1-4447-8513-5
1186:978-0-7195-5752-1
1123:978-0-11-771593-6
1098:978-0-85059-832-2
1079:978-1-84884-898-6
1049:, pp. 68–69.
978:Vladimir Kropunik
941:Vladimir Kropunik
864:, pp. 78–80.
849:, pp. 36–37.
735:RAF Woolfox Lodge
554:anchorage in the
534:Soviet Air Forces
505:Vaenga-1 airfield
466:) airfield, near
394:and the cruisers
233:Winston Churchill
203:Soviet Air Forces
128:
127:
3963:
3921:Continuation War
2332:Fighter Sector Z
2252:12 (East Anglia)
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1754:associated civil
1518:RAF Legal Branch
1513:RAF Intelligence
1399:Conversion units
1364:
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1271:
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1209:. Archived from
1190:
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1143:Butler, J. R. M.
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823:
822:, pp. 8–15.
817:
811:
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762:Normandie-Niemen
745:, equipped with
655:Operation Orator
649:Operation Orator
644:
635:No. 153 Wing RAF
633:On 5 July 1942,
571:
409:aircraft carrier
306:Hawker Hurricane
210:
188:Hawker Hurricane
174:
157:Second World War
147:in the northern
122:Hawker Hurricane
66:
64:
63:
36:
27:
21:No. 151 Wing RAF
18:
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1981:132 (Norwegian)
1914:
1906:
1904:
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1893:
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1874:Royal Air Force
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1773:RAF Association
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1745:Heraldic badges
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1498:Air Force Board
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1342:Royal Air Force
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1228:Further reading
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2352:Metropolitan
2347:Lincolnshire
2282:20 (Fighter)
2277:19 (Fighter)
2272:18 (Fighter)
2267:17 (Fighter)
2046:145 (French)
1986:133 (Polish)
1976:131 (Polish)
1879:
1872:
1672:appointments
1503:RAF Regiment
1489:branches and
1419:Glider units
1276:
1257:
1238:
1235:Carter, Eric
1215:. Retrieved
1211:the original
1206:
1194:
1193:
1176:
1164:. Retrieved
1147:
1127:. Retrieved
1108:
1088:
1069:
1060:
1059:
1056:Bibliography
1047:Darling 2012
1042:
1030:. Retrieved
1026:
1023:"Stations-H"
1017:
1005:. Retrieved
1001:
992:
973:
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910:
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869:
847:Woodman 2004
832:Roskill 1957
827:
820:Woodman 2004
815:
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739:257 Squadron
720:
689:
684:
681:Convoy PQ 17
677:Convoy PQ 18
665:455 Squadron
661:144 Squadron
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529:504 Squadron
525:134 Squadron
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261:Dudley Pound
229:Nazi Germany
225:Soviet Union
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213:
200:
185:
134:No 151 Wing
133:
132:
15:
1991:134 (Czech)
1648:Other ranks
1414:Ferry units
905:RAF Records
791:Golley 1987
743:RAF Warboys
731:62 Squadron
521:81 Squadron
509:Arkhangelsk
464:Severomorsk
253:Severomorsk
3915:Categories
2317:Caledonian
2041:144 (RCAF)
2036:143 (RCAF)
1793:RAF Museum
1568:Operations
1533:RAF Police
1491:components
1424:Misc units
1358:formations
774:References
671:, flew 32
552:Scapa Flow
432:Shropshire
407:. The old
398:Devonshire
391:Victorious
356:Salamander
315:Aldersdale
245:Royal Navy
219:Background
196:Lend-Lease
124:IIB (1941)
99:commanders
92:Commanders
2392:Yorkshire
2231:76 (RCAF)
2201:64 (RCAF)
2196:63 (RCAF)
2186:61 (RCAF)
1636:personnel
1598:equipment
1471:Squadrons
1389:Squadrons
1360:and units
1161:881709135
1141:(1957) .
779:Citations
685:Luftwaffe
606:Aftermath
569:Luftwaffe
513:Polyarnoe
473:Luftwaffe
437:HMS
430:HMS
425:with the
412:HMS
396:HMS
389:HMS
370:HMT
344:Impulsive
330:HMS
323:freighter
313:RFA
175:units in
171:Luftwaffe
155:, in the
2494:numbered
2377:Southern
2372:Scottish
2362:Northern
1811:timeline
1735:Roundels
1459:Regiment
1433:stations
1374:Commands
1195:Websites
981:Archived
963:Archived
944:Archived
890:Archived
756:See also
695:Catalina
611:Analysis
600:scramble
468:Murmansk
439:Matabele
318:and the
257:Polyarny
165:Murmansk
2925:85 (EL)
2710:42 (ES)
2485:907 EAW
2480:906 EAW
2475:905 EAW
2470:904 EAW
2465:903 EAW
2460:902 EAW
2455:901 EAW
2450:325 EAW
2445:140 EAW
2440:138 EAW
2435:135 EAW
2430:125 EAW
2425:122 EAW
2420:121 EAW
2387:Western
2357:Norfolk
2322:Eastern
2240:sectors
1826:commons
1806:history
1740:Uniform
1610:current
1476:Flights
1394:Flights
1217:2 March
1145:(ed.).
690:Tirpitz
596:Petsamo
445:Punjabi
404:Suffolk
384:Ophelia
378:Macbeth
362:Harrier
350:Halcyon
332:Electra
326:Alchiba
309:fighter
298:Trehata
279:Iceland
267:Prelude
181:Finland
143:on the
117:Fighter
97:Notable
56:Country
2415:38 EAW
2410:34 EAW
1816:future
1725:Ensign
1615:future
1445:Former
1440:Active
1379:Groups
1283:
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1166:20 May
1159:
1129:25 May
1120:
1095:
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1032:22 May
1007:22 May
707:Lakhta
536:(VVS,
451:Somali
372:Hamlet
338:Active
249:Vaenga
177:Norway
106:(1941)
74:Branch
65:
44:Active
2497:wings
2327:Essex
2312:South
2307:North
2089:bases
1877:wings
1730:Badge
1466:Wings
1384:Wings
1367:units
1061:Books
564:Argus
560:Argus
497:Z5140
460:Argus
414:Argus
320:Dutch
294:Esneh
251:(now
1281:ISBN
1262:ISBN
1243:ISBN
1219:2008
1181:ISBN
1168:2018
1157:OCLC
1153:HMSO
1131:2018
1118:ISBN
1114:HMSO
1093:ISBN
1074:ISBN
1034:2018
1009:2018
737:and
701:and
663:and
523:and
511:and
448:and
401:and
381:and
359:and
341:and
179:and
149:USSR
87:Wing
84:Size
3900:910
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2016:139
2011:138
2006:137
2001:136
1996:135
1971:130
1966:129
1961:128
1956:127
1951:126
1946:125
1941:124
1936:123
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