95:
70:
44:
516:
372:
475:
is regarded as a keystone species in the environments it inhabits. Crayfish are an important part of the freshwater food web as they provide a source of food to many aquatic species and boost primary productivity by foraging on freshwater plants. The loss of crayfish in a freshwater environment is
402:. They prefer habitats with high levels of shelter availability. The waters they are found in tend to be soft-bottomed with some sand, and they do not tend to be found in muddy water.
736:
542:
by the 17th and 18th centuries due to its ready availability. The crayfish are collected from the wild in traps, a practice which is being replaced by more intensive
1836:
488:
This species was once abundant in Europe, although it was expensive to buy, and is considered to be the finest edible crayfish. It is, however, susceptible to the
669:
1901:
911:
786:
2045:
2035:
1994:
1810:
2007:
1862:
660:
2060:
748:
2065:
2070:
546:
of the signal crayfish in man-made ponds. The consumption of crayfish is an important part of traditional Nordic culture, including the
1771:
1940:
904:
2050:
220:
2012:
1867:
1888:
1714:
698:
An updated classification of the freshwater crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidea) of the world, with a complete species list
2055:
1849:
1732:
1634:
1528:
897:
1789:
1593:
787:"Value of Biodiversity - Documenting EU examples where biodiversity loss has led to the loss of ecosystem services"
813:
1906:
1802:
978:
94:
1423:
1118:
1072:
578:
247:
237:
1574:
1649:
1404:
1230:
1202:
1091:
954:
465:
is sensitive to dips in oxygen levels in the water it inhabits, which makes it particularly vulnerable to
1737:
1586:
971:
199:
1945:
1758:
1696:
1687:
1616:
1371:
1257:
1216:
1209:
1195:
1030:
821:
585:
was one such area, and this legacy was visible in the county's historical coat of arms, featuring an
469:. However, they are capable of tolerating lower calcium levels than most other species of crayfish.
1498:
1437:
1359:
1331:
1325:
1283:
1276:
1160:
1132:
1066:
59:
2040:
1505:
1416:
1353:
1343:
1181:
1167:
999:
677:
501:
260:
89:
74:
1841:
1981:
1927:
1745:
1540:
1251:
1237:
1188:
1174:
1139:
992:
985:
875:
590:
480:
growth, which can be a cause for eutrophication and an overall degradation in water quality.
1932:
1311:
1297:
1290:
1244:
1153:
1078:
1060:
865:
857:
711:
673:
609:
559:
551:
535:
395:
328:
1914:
1880:
1511:
1450:
1397:
1318:
1146:
1104:
1046:
1024:
1013:
1006:
947:
848:
493:
489:
409:
384:
363:, and Eastern Europe. Males may grow up to 16 cm long, and females up to 12 cm.
1701:
1797:
1784:
1610:
1553:
1547:
1444:
1410:
1365:
1348:
1304:
1111:
1085:
870:
843:
582:
547:
466:
452:
348:
2029:
1875:
1604:
1599:
1580:
1430:
1390:
1383:
1051:
618:
505:
477:
448:
436:
417:
216:
79:
43:
1986:
1972:
1750:
1534:
1491:
1337:
1019:
965:
960:
539:
136:
371:
1893:
1823:
1681:
1223:
616:. More than 20 enzymes of this group have since been discovered in animals from
543:
531:
356:
156:
515:
1622:
1568:
1377:
336:
17:
1672:
1558:
716:
695:
340:
166:
126:
106:
1854:
861:
879:
1966:
1919:
1776:
1724:
1666:
1460:
570:
520:
428:
320:
146:
1999:
1815:
1041:
605:
456:
421:
413:
388:
360:
352:
316:
176:
1828:
1709:
1485:
1480:
1468:
1125:
940:
926:
889:
744:
399:
344:
324:
116:
1643:
569:
Hundreds of smaller or larger lakes were once found in the northern
654:
L. Edsman; L. Füreder; F. Gherardi & C. Souty-Grosset (2010). "
1563:
1097:
931:
623:
514:
444:
370:
577:
meant for consumption during the extended fasting periods of the
1763:
1267:
380:
1647:
893:
440:
612:, discovered in the 1990s, which were first isolated from
771:
Plants and
Animals of Central Europe (Pflanzen und Tiere)
424:, until the following May, when they hatch and disperse.
459:. There is also some risk of predation via cannibalism.
512:
has dropped to about 5% of its preexisting population.
1956:
1656:
1520:
1459:
1266:
1040:
925:
519:A golden crayfish pictured in the coat of arms of
420:eggs are carried by the female, attached to her
492:carried by the invasive North American species
905:
844:"The astacin family of metalloendopeptidases"
343:streams, rivers, and lakes. It is found from
8:
689:
687:
678:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T2191A9338388.en
694:Crandall, Keith A; De Grave, Sammy (2017).
1644:
912:
898:
890:
808:
806:
412:after three to four years and a series of
375:Noble crayfish can vary greatly in colour.
68:
42:
31:
869:
715:
731:
729:
727:
508:. Since the introduction of the plague,
661:The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
635:
842:J. S. Bond & R. J. Benyon (1995).
649:
647:
645:
643:
641:
639:
566:), a feast to mark the end of summer.
416:, and breed in October and November.
7:
1803:704d3535-9173-4d58-a278-0e481362a810
781:
779:
526:Documentation of the consumption of
435:, both as juveniles and adults, are
769:Peter Scheffel & Bernd Sceiba.
331:source. Like other true crayfish,
25:
581:calendar. The area of the former
2046:Freshwater crustaceans of Europe
2036:IUCN Red List vulnerable species
534:, when it was popular among the
398:, spending the day resting in a
93:
1:
2061:Crustaceans described in 1758
704:Journal of Crustacean Biology
27:Species of crayfish in Europe
2066:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
1529:Austromegabalanus psittacus
2087:
2071:Habitats Directive species
1594:Paralithodes camtschaticus
379:European crayfish feed on
1632:
979:Macrobrachium rosenbergii
266:
259:
233:
228:
205:
198:
90:Scientific classification
88:
66:
57:
50:
41:
34:
1424:Portunus trituberculatus
1119:Metanephrops challengeri
1073:California spiny lobster
498:Pacifastacus leniusculus
1575:Lysiosquillina maculata
313:broad-fingered crayfish
2051:Commercial crustaceans
1405:Ovalipes australiensis
1231:Scyllarides herklotsii
1203:Panulirus penicillatus
1092:Japanese spiny lobster
955:Cryphiops caementarius
862:10.1002/pro.5560040701
594:
563:
555:
523:
376:
355:, and north as far as
1587:Oratosquilla oratoria
972:Litopenaeus setiferus
717:10.1093/jcbiol/rux070
518:
500:), so is listed as a
374:
315:, is the most common
1798:Fauna Europaea (new)
1617:Tasmanian giant crab
1372:Hypothalassia acerba
1258:Tristan rock lobster
1217:Parribacus japonicus
1210:Panulirus versicolor
1196:Panulirus pascuensis
1031:Xiphopenaeus kroyeri
822:Slow Food Foundation
1499:Procambarus clarkii
1438:Scylla paramamosain
1360:Gecarcinus ruricola
1332:Chinese mitten crab
1326:Chaceon quinquedens
1284:Callinectes similis
1277:Callinectes sapidus
1161:Panulirus echinatus
1133:Nephrops norvegicus
1067:Arctides guineensis
672:: e.T2191A9338388.
573:, used for growing
538:, spreading to all
270:Astacus fluviatilis
60:Conservation status
2056:Edible crustaceans
1506:Orconectes virilis
1417:Portunus pelagicus
1354:Florida stone crab
1344:Declawing of crabs
1182:Panulirus longipes
1168:Panulirus guttatus
1000:Penaeus esculentus
920:Edible crustaceans
579:Orthodox Christian
530:dates back to the
524:
502:vulnerable species
377:
252:Starobogatov, 1996
2023:
2022:
1928:Open Tree of Life
1650:Taxon identifiers
1641:
1640:
1541:Galathea strigosa
1252:Thymops birsteini
1238:Scyllarides latus
1189:Panulirus ornatus
1175:Panulirus homarus
1140:Palinurus elephas
1126:Thenus orientalis
993:Pandalus borealis
986:Palaemon serratus
751:on March 28, 2008
737:"Noble crayfish (
610:digestive enzymes
339:, living only in
335:is restricted to
305:European crayfish
296:
295:
290:
282:
274:
253:
243:
83:
16:(Redirected from
2078:
2016:
2015:
2003:
2002:
1990:
1989:
1977:
1976:
1975:
1949:
1948:
1936:
1935:
1923:
1922:
1910:
1909:
1897:
1896:
1894:NHMSYS0000377491
1884:
1883:
1871:
1870:
1858:
1857:
1845:
1844:
1832:
1831:
1819:
1818:
1806:
1805:
1793:
1792:
1780:
1779:
1767:
1766:
1754:
1753:
1741:
1740:
1728:
1727:
1718:
1717:
1705:
1704:
1692:
1691:
1690:
1677:
1676:
1675:
1645:
1312:Cancer productus
1298:Cancer bellianus
1291:Cancer irroratus
1245:Scyllarus arctus
1154:Panulirus cygnus
1079:Homarus gammarus
1061:American lobster
914:
907:
900:
891:
884:
883:
873:
856:(7): 1247–1261.
839:
833:
832:
830:
828:
810:
801:
800:
798:
797:
783:
774:
767:
761:
760:
758:
756:
747:. Archived from
733:
722:
721:
719:
691:
682:
681:
651:
608:are a family of
536:Swedish nobility
353:Balkan Peninsula
329:traditional food
288:
280:
272:
251:
242:(Linnaeus, 1758)
241:
211:
98:
97:
77:
72:
71:
46:
32:
21:
2086:
2085:
2081:
2080:
2079:
2077:
2076:
2075:
2026:
2025:
2024:
2019:
2011:
2006:
1998:
1993:
1985:
1980:
1971:
1970:
1965:
1952:
1944:
1939:
1931:
1926:
1918:
1915:Observation.org
1913:
1905:
1900:
1892:
1887:
1879:
1874:
1866:
1861:
1853:
1848:
1840:
1835:
1827:
1822:
1814:
1809:
1801:
1796:
1788:
1783:
1775:
1770:
1762:
1757:
1749:
1744:
1736:
1731:
1723:
1721:
1715:astacus-astacus
1713:
1708:
1702:Astacus_astacus
1700:
1695:
1688:Astacus astacus
1686:
1685:
1680:
1671:
1670:
1665:
1658:Astacus astacus
1652:
1642:
1637:
1628:
1516:
1512:Signal crayfish
1475:Astacus astacus
1455:
1451:Soft-shell crab
1398:Orithyia sinica
1319:Chaceon fenneri
1262:
1147:Panulirus argus
1105:Jasus edwardsii
1049:
1044:
1036:
1025:Whiteleg shrimp
1014:Processa edulis
1007:Penaeus monodon
948:Crangon crangon
930:
921:
918:
888:
887:
849:Protein Science
841:
840:
836:
826:
824:
816:Astacus astacus
812:
811:
804:
795:
793:
785:
784:
777:
768:
764:
754:
752:
739:Astacus astacus
735:
734:
725:
693:
692:
685:
656:Astacus astacus
653:
652:
637:
632:
603:
494:signal crayfish
490:crayfish plague
486:
476:known to cause
453:Eurasian otters
410:sexually mature
385:aquatic insects
369:
300:Astacus astacus
273:Fabricius, 1775
248:A. a. canadziae
224:
213:
209:Astacus astacus
207:
194:
191:A. astacus
92:
84:
73:
69:
62:
52:Astacus astacus
36:Astacus astacus
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2084:
2082:
2074:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2028:
2027:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2017:
2004:
1991:
1978:
1962:
1960:
1958:Cancer astacus
1954:
1953:
1951:
1950:
1937:
1924:
1911:
1898:
1885:
1872:
1859:
1846:
1833:
1820:
1807:
1794:
1785:Fauna Europaea
1781:
1768:
1755:
1742:
1729:
1719:
1706:
1693:
1678:
1662:
1660:
1654:
1653:
1648:
1639:
1638:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1627:
1626:
1619:
1614:
1611:Squilla mantis
1607:
1602:
1597:
1590:
1583:
1578:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1554:Goose barnacle
1551:
1548:Glyptolithodes
1544:
1537:
1532:
1524:
1522:
1518:
1517:
1515:
1514:
1509:
1502:
1495:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1471:
1465:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1453:
1448:
1445:Scylla serrata
1441:
1434:
1427:
1420:
1413:
1411:Pie crust crab
1408:
1401:
1394:
1387:
1380:
1375:
1368:
1366:Horsehair crab
1363:
1356:
1351:
1349:Dungeness crab
1346:
1341:
1334:
1329:
1322:
1315:
1308:
1305:Cancer pagurus
1301:
1294:
1287:
1280:
1272:
1270:
1264:
1263:
1261:
1260:
1255:
1248:
1241:
1234:
1227:
1220:
1213:
1206:
1199:
1192:
1185:
1178:
1171:
1164:
1157:
1150:
1143:
1136:
1129:
1122:
1115:
1112:Jasus lalandii
1108:
1101:
1094:
1089:
1086:Ibacus peronii
1082:
1075:
1070:
1063:
1057:
1055:
1038:
1037:
1035:
1034:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1010:
1003:
996:
989:
982:
975:
968:
963:
958:
951:
944:
936:
934:
923:
922:
919:
917:
916:
909:
902:
894:
886:
885:
834:
802:
775:
762:
723:
710:(5): 615–653.
683:
634:
633:
631:
628:
602:
599:
583:Dorohoi County
548:crayfish party
540:social classes
485:
482:
467:eutrophication
391:, and plants.
368:
365:
349:Central Europe
309:noble crayfish
294:
293:
292:
291:
286:Cancer nobilis
283:
281:Linnaeus, 1758
278:Cancer astacus
275:
264:
263:
257:
256:
255:
254:
244:
231:
230:
226:
225:
214:
203:
202:
196:
195:
188:
186:
182:
181:
174:
170:
169:
164:
160:
159:
154:
150:
149:
144:
140:
139:
134:
130:
129:
124:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
86:
85:
67:
64:
63:
58:
55:
54:
48:
47:
39:
38:
26:
24:
18:Noble crayfish
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2083:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2014:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1983:
1979:
1974:
1968:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1955:
1947:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1720:
1716:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1698:
1694:
1689:
1683:
1679:
1674:
1668:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1646:
1636:
1631:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1612:
1608:
1606:
1605:Squat lobster
1603:
1601:
1600:Red king crab
1598:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1589:
1588:
1584:
1582:
1581:Mantis shrimp
1579:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1549:
1545:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1530:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1507:
1503:
1501:
1500:
1496:
1494:
1493:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1458:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1446:
1442:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1433:
1432:
1431:Ranina ranina
1428:
1426:
1425:
1421:
1419:
1418:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1406:
1402:
1400:
1399:
1395:
1393:
1392:
1391:Menippe adina
1388:
1386:
1385:
1384:Maja squinado
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1373:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1339:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1327:
1323:
1321:
1320:
1316:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1307:
1306:
1302:
1300:
1299:
1295:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1286:
1285:
1281:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1265:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1253:
1249:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1240:
1239:
1235:
1233:
1232:
1228:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1219:
1218:
1214:
1212:
1211:
1207:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1198:
1197:
1193:
1191:
1190:
1186:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1177:
1176:
1172:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1163:
1162:
1158:
1156:
1155:
1151:
1149:
1148:
1144:
1142:
1141:
1137:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1128:
1127:
1123:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1107:
1106:
1102:
1100:
1099:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1087:
1083:
1081:
1080:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1068:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1048:
1043:
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1535:Coconut crab
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961:Dried shrimp
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827:December 18,
825:. Retrieved
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137:Malacostraca
51:
35:
29:
1824:iNaturalist
1682:Wikispecies
1224:Sagmariasus
544:aquaculture
532:Middle Ages
484:Consumption
357:Scandinavia
347:throughout
337:fresh water
229:Subspecies
157:Pleocyemata
2030:Categories
1973:Q109653894
1623:Thalassina
1569:Langostino
1378:Jonah crab
796:2022-10-14
630:References
614:A. astacus
587:A. astacus
575:A. astacus
564:rapujuhlat
556:kräftskiva
528:A. astacus
510:A. astacus
478:macrophyte
473:A. astacus
463:A. astacus
433:A. astacus
418:Fertilised
406:A. astacus
341:unpolluted
333:A. astacus
153:Suborder:
127:Arthropoda
75:Vulnerable
2041:Astacidae
1559:King crab
429:predators
427:The main
396:nocturnal
394:They are
351:, to the
185:Species:
167:Astacidae
113:Kingdom:
107:Eukaryota
1967:Wikidata
1842:10604893
1722:BioLib:
1667:Wikidata
1635:Category
1461:Crayfish
1042:Lobsters
606:Astacins
591:Romanian
571:Moldavia
521:Oulainen
457:muskrats
422:pleopods
389:molluscs
327:, and a
321:crayfish
261:Synonyms
217:Linnaeus
163:Family:
147:Decapoda
123:Phylum:
117:Animalia
103:Domain:
80:IUCN 3.1
2013:1133560
2000:8372144
1816:2226998
1764:1021866
1673:Q210959
1047:slipper
1045:(incl.
880:7670368
871:2143163
791:ieep.eu
601:Astacin
560:Finnish
552:Swedish
504:on the
408:become
367:Ecology
361:Finland
317:species
178:Astacus
173:Genus:
143:Order:
133:Class:
78: (
1946:877649
1933:299971
1790:238436
1710:ARKive
1521:Others
1486:Cherax
1481:Marron
1469:Acocil
1050:&
941:Acetes
932:prawns
927:Shrimp
878:
868:
755:May 6,
745:ARKive
624:humans
455:, and
414:moults
400:burrow
345:France
325:Europe
303:, the
1987:7RW9H
1941:WoRMS
1920:16597
1868:97333
1855:92629
1837:IRMNG
1829:84862
1772:EUNIS
1751:7R7BP
1738:27896
1725:25494
1564:Krill
1268:Crabs
1098:Jasus
1052:spiny
619:Hydra
445:perch
381:worms
311:, or
2008:ITIS
1995:GBIF
1907:6715
1902:NCBI
1881:2191
1876:IUCN
1863:ITIS
1811:GBIF
1733:BOLD
876:PMID
829:2019
757:2007
670:IUCN
666:2010
449:pike
441:eels
359:and
221:1758
1982:CoL
1889:NBN
1850:ISC
1759:EoL
1746:CoL
1697:ADW
866:PMC
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