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built between 1810 and 1820, but the houses in Nelson Place were not started until later. Nos. 1 and 2 were built as large houses (matching
Norfolk Crescent) and the others were smaller, cheaper houses designed by Pinch but even using these houses it was not possible to complete the row. Thus, Bowsher's development was largely complete by the 1830s, albeit in a reduced form compared with the original plan.
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extensions were added on to the front of many
Georgian houses in Bath, but this would have affected the visual balance of the crescent's facade, so it could not be done on Norfolk Crescent. However the owners of the two end houses (No. 16 Great Stanhope Street and No. 18 Norfolk Crescent), which had
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Construction work on the houses in
Norfolk Crescent (at the time still known as Norfolk Place) began in 1792 when builders first took leases on the various plots. However the building work soon stopped due to the financial crisis. When construction work started again in the 19th century the market
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Even after the reduction in scale the work progressed slowly. The houses in
Norfolk Crescent were gradually completed and occupied, but the last house was not finished until 1822 - thirty years after it had been planned. The houses in Nile Street and in Bowsher's part of Great Stanhope Street were
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was fought in 1805). The proposed streets in front of the crescent were abandoned and instead the area was made into a formal garden for the residents of
Norfolk Crescent and Nelson Place, with each house paying £2.2 annual rent for their upkeep. At the corner of the railed gardens, where Norfolk
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at what was then the western edge of the city of Bath. The lease stipulated houses of similar style and quality to those being erected in the nearby New King Street should be built on the land. As with other Bath developers, Bowsher's sub-leased plots of ground to craftsmen, on the condition that
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However, in early 1793 a financial crisis, caused by the Bath Bank crash, brought disaster. Some of the builders went bankrupt and others were reluctant to take on new projects. None of
Bowsher's houses were complete, but he had to continue paying rent for the land. Nevertheless, he survived the
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landed near the crescent and the north end was gutted by fire. It was not repaired until 20 years later in the 1960s, when Nos. 1-7 were rebuilt with the same facade as the original. The mid-19th century porch extension to the end house was omitted in the reconstruction. Behind the facade, the
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they would build houses on them, which would subsequently be let out to wealthy families. Several streets were planned with over 100 houses, the centrepiece being a crescent called
Norfolk Place (later changed to Norfolk Crescent). The architect John Palmer was engaged to designed a
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was much slower and the houses were completed gradually, when there was money available. For instance in 1817 Nos. 1–9, No. 14 and Nos. 16-18 were complete, but the intermediate houses were still not finished. No. 11, the last house to be completed, was finished in 1822.
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There is a green area in front of the crescent that was originally a formal garden for the residents, surrounded by railings. A small circular building in the corner of the gardens is the old watchman's hut, and is also Grade II* listed.
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At some point in the 19th century the design was altered, probably by John Pinch. The pediment was moved to be above the attic storey, so that the attics of the central houses were not deprived of light. Palmer's plan had a carved
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John Palmer's plan for
Norfolk Crescent had nineteen three bay houses (No. 16 Great Stanhope Street and Nos. 1-18 Norfolk Crescent) in an arc with a radius of 420 ft. As was common with late 18th century Bath houses, the
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terrace includes numbers 1 to 7, which have been converted into flats known as
Cumberland House, and numbers 8 to 18 consecutively. Each has five storeys (basement, ground floor,
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above the attic windows. The two end houses were to have four Ionic pilasters on the main facade. The five central bays of the terrace were to have matching pilasters and a
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Crescent, Nile Street, Great
Stanhope Street and Nelson Place meet, a watchman's hut was built. The watchman's hut was built to a classical design inspired by the
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railings on the piano nobile (first floor) of all the houses. The iron lamp holders over the entrances to Nos. 7 and 14 are also likely to be Pinch's work.
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their entrances on the north and south ends of the crescent, did built full-height porch extensions on these houses without affecting the facade.
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in place of the attic windows. Nelson Place was to have a matching facade, but with a slightly longer terrace containing twenty-three houses.
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crash and in the 19th century the development was scaled down to a reduced plan with two main streets, Norfolk Crescent and
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In March 1792 a solicitor named Richard Bowsher took a lease on 5 acres (20,000 m) of land next to the
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was dispensed with, the facade instead stretching all the way up to the top of the houses, with a
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reconstructed houses are a block of flats, not a replica of the original Georgian building.
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in the pediment, but this was never made, probably due to a lack of funds. Pinch also added
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285:, England was built between c.1793 and c.1822 and has been designated as a Grade II*
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The Provincial Towns of Georgian England: a study of the building process, 1740-1820
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linking to the Upper Bristol Road to the north. These streets were named after
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List of Grade I listed buildings in Bath and North East Somerset
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Indenture for proposed pleasure gardens (10 December 1807),
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Bowsher's plans for the Norfolk Crescent development
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608:"8-18 Norfolk Crescent (Grade II*) (1395745)"
394:Palmer's design for the facade of Norfolk Crescent
577:"1-7 Norfolk Crescent (Grade II*) (1395744)"
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805:Grade II* listed buildings in Bath, Somerset
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683:The Eighteenth Century Architecture of Bath
639:"Watchman's Box (Grade II*) (1395748)"
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293:, but minor alterations were later made by
810:Buildings and structures in Bath, Somerset
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264:Location of Norfolk Crescent in Somerset
825:Parks and open spaces in Bath, Somerset
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443:Norfolk Crescent and the watchman's box
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820:Grade II* listed houses in Somerset
762:Pevsner Architectural Guides: Bath
644:National Heritage List for England
613:National Heritage List for England
582:National Heritage List for England
18:Historic site in Somerset, England
14:
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376:Choragic Monument of Lysicrates
699:Chalklin, Christopher (1974).
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328:Richard Bowsher's Development
289:. The original design was by
518:"Cumberland House (443118)"
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781:Rate books for 1810-1835,
465:Bombing and reconstruction
815:Streets in Bath, Somerset
760:Forsyth, Michael (2003).
549:"Watchman's Box (443154)"
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800:Houses completed in 1790
734:Hodgkin, Louis (2004).
681:Aston, Mowbray (1904).
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177:8–18, Norfolk Crescent
112:Architectural style(s)
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74:51.38250°N 2.37000°W
561:on 25 October 2012.
530:on 24 October 2012.
469:In 1942 during the
419:Pinch's Alterations
371:Battle of Trafalgar
349:for the buildings.
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783:Bath Record Office
722:Bath Record Office
669:Bath Record Office
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367:Battle of the Nile
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228:Reference no.
190:Reference no.
152:Reference no.
79:51.38250; -2.37000
554:Images of England
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471:Second World War
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93:c.1792 to c.1822
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448:Construction
434:wrought iron
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306:piano nobile
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223:12 June 1950
185:12 June 1950
147:12 June 1950
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724:BC153/37/14
650:19 November
619:19 November
588:19 November
359:Nile Street
291:John Palmer
206:– Grade II*
168:– Grade II*
130:– Grade II*
102:John Palmer
77: /
53:Coordinates
794:Categories
671:BC153/41/2
494:References
403:roof with
342:river Avon
295:John Pinch
220:Designated
182:Designated
144:Designated
106:John Pinch
62:51°22′57″N
430:balconies
313:pilasters
98:Architect
65:2°22′12″W
48:, England
482:See also
426:tympanum
413:pediment
302:Georgian
283:Somerset
116:Georgian
46:Somerset
38:Location
409:parapet
401:mansard
323:History
231:1395748
193:1395745
155:1395744
347:facade
458:porch
432:with
310:Ionic
90:Built
652:2011
621:2011
590:2011
300:The
279:Bath
104:and
42:Bath
473:an
277:in
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
