484:. The cables are installed in ducts that were originally placed during the construction of the busway in 2005. Cable joint bays are installed at 500–800 m intervals. The cables are deviated from the Northern Busway at Wairau Road to connect to a new grid exit point (Wairau Road) adjacent to Vector's Wairau Valley zone substation, containing a single 120 MVA 220/33 kV connecting into the Wairau Valley zone substation and supplying the southern North Shore. Vector's work at this site includes the conversion of the existing outdoor 33 kV switchyard into an indoor switchroom. From Wairau Road, the cable route again follows the Northern Busway to Constellation Drive.
469:
714:
487:
The NAaN cables leave the
Northern Motorway at Constellation Drive, and are installed in trenches and ducts beneath roads in Albany to Transpower's Albany Substation. Vector has three existing 110 kV overhead line circuits connecting Albany to Wairau Valley to provide redundancy on this section.
363:
The vulnerability of the transmission line was subsequently shown on 30 October 2009 at around 8:00am, when power was cut to the whole of
Northland and most of the northern half of Auckland, affecting 280,000 consumers (14.5% of the country). A forklift carrying a shipping container accidentally hit
339:
line. This is a high capacity line, rated to operate at 938/984 MVA (summer/winter) per circuit in normal circumstances and slightly higher during contingencies, but restricted to 915 MVA due to constraints at
Henderson substation. There were also two double circuit 110 kV lines that
431:
The 9 km long route of the underground cables between
Pakuranga and Penrose is mainly in the road carriageway of Ti Rakau Drive and the South Eastern Highway. For the final section approaching Penrose, the route is adjacent to existing overhead transmission lines in a designated transmission
297:
opened in 1959, the North Shore alone has expanded nearly five-fold, from a population of 50,000 in the late 1950s to 229,000 in June 2011. The after diversity maximum demand (ADMD) for electricity in the North
Auckland and Northland region is forecast to grow from 908 megawatts in 2012 to
733:
over-sheaths. They are about 160 mm in diameter and weigh about 40 kg a metre. Each section of the route is a single circuit, with three separate cables – one for each phase. In the trenched sections of the route, the cables are typically installed in ducts in trefoil configuration.
260:
provided capacity and security to Vector's Hobson Street and Wairau Road substations through a 220 kV connection to the Albany–Penrose circuit, and enabled Vector to redistribute load from existing grid exit points, particularly the Albany 33 kV and 110 kV (Wairau Road) loads and
355:
Therefore, the
Henderson-Otahuhu double circuit 220 kV line represented a single mode of failure for the supply of electricity to the entire North Auckland and Northland region. A study of the High Impact, Low Probability (HILP) risks associated with the Henderson to Otahuhu 220 kV
327:, but these were subsequently scrapped in 2007 after widespread protest. Because of the lack of generation in the North Auckland and Northland region, nearly all of the electricity used in the area must be supplied via transmission lines that run through Auckland, carrying electricity from
444:
Between
Penrose and Hobson Street, the NAan project cables are installed in Vector's 9 km long tunnel from Penrose to Hobson St. The tunnel is about 3 m in diameter and was completed in 2001 to secure electricity supply into central Auckland, especially after the
301:
There are no large generating stations operating in the region, although there are local generation schemes with a combined total output of around 54 megawatts. Two large generating stations were built in
Northland in the late 1960s and early 1970s – the 250 MW
226:
The NAan project established a 220 kV connection between the
Pakuranga and Penrose substations, and a further 220 kV connection between the Penrose and Albany substations. The Penrose to Albany section included connections to the zone substations owned by
322:
saw
Marsden B mothballed before it was commissioned. Marsden A was relegated to a reserve generator during drought years before being decommissioned in 1997. Plans were developed in 2004 to refurbish and modify the Marsden B station to become a 300 MW
476:
From the Hobson Street substation, the NAan cables are installed in ducts along a route through Fanshawe Street and Westhaven to the Auckland Harbour Bridge. The route across the bridge is on a purpose built cable support structure.
364:
one of the Henderson to Otahuhu circuits while the other circuit was out for maintenance, leaving the region supplied by the four low capacity 110 kV circuits. Power was restored to the entire region around 11:00am.
256:
built on the NIGU project and increased the diversity for transmission from the south into the Northland region (including the North Isthmus), by establishing 220 kV transmission from Pakuranga, through Penrose, to
245:(known as the North Island Grid Upgrade or NIGU project), increasing the diversity of transmission from the south into the Auckland region by establishing a 220 kV transmission connection from Pakuranga to Penrose.
456:
At Hobson Street, a new grid exit point with a single 250 MVA 220/110 kV was to be established, connecting to Vector's Hobson Street zone substation and supplying Vector's central city distribution network.
584:
542:
500:
383:
21 September 2007 – Transpower submitted a Grid Upgrade Plan proposal to the Electricity Commission, following a period of consultation with stakeholders. The estimated cost of the project at that time was $ 521
626:
668:
334:
Prior to the commissioning of the NAaN project, the main route for electricity transmission into the North Auckland and Northland region was through the double-circuit 220 kV Henderson to Otahuhu via
360:
in early 2009, in support of the need for the NAan project. The line was also fast approaching capacity with the load growth, with some circuits expected to overload from 2017 during certain outages.
460:
Vector had two existing 110 kV cables paralleling the Transpower cable, connecting Penrose and Hobson Street via Liverpool Street, which continue to provide extra capacity and redundancy.
1387:
453:
between Penrose and the Symonds Street interchange, where the tunnel passes through central city streets, via Vector's Liverpool Street zone substation, to the Hobson Street substation.
408:
30 April 2009 – the Commission decided to approve NAaN proposal, and published a final decision, following consideration of additional material made available at the public conference.
253:
increased capacity to the Northland region (including the North Isthmus) by adding a third 220 kV circuit to the existing 220 kV double-circuit line from Otahuhu to Henderson
1085:
959:
1060:
936:
399:
23 December 2009 – the Commission received requests from Transpower and Vector for a public conference to provide a final opportunity for comment on the proposed investment.
396:
19 December 2008 – the Commission published a notice of its intention to decline Transpower's NAaN proposal, and gave further opportunities for affected parties to comment
1392:
1006:
242:
352:. However, these lines are of relatively low capacity and on their own could support only a very small proportion of the total load north of Mount Roskill.
1397:
298:
1254 megawatts by 2027. This is an average annual growth rate of 2.2 percent, which is higher than the national average of 1.7 percent per annum.
390:
9 May 2008 – Transpower submitted revised versions of the NAaN proposals to the Commission, seeking approval for $ 577 million for the main proposal.
238:
increased capacity to the Penrose substation by adding a third 220 kV circuit alongside the existing 220 kV Otahuhu–Penrose double-circuit line
231:
at Hobson Street in the Auckland CBD, and Wairau Road in the North Shore, and established new grid exit points at both of those locations.
411:
15 June 2010 – Vector and Transpower sign security of supply agreement for access to the Vector tunnel between Penrose and Hobson Street.
393:
May 2008 – the Commission gave designated transmission customers and parties affected by the revised proposals an opportunity to comment.
812:
436:
they are attached to the relevant road bridge. The original Pakuranga-Penrose A 110 kV overhead transmission line is removed.
859:
79:
1223:
1013:
1038:
1107:
1317:
1198:
817:
807:
357:
282:
and the entire Northland region. The main electricity load centres in the region are the North Auckland urban areas,
181:
1132:
742:
450:
446:
287:
218:
The project was completed and the connection was commissioned in February 2014 at a final cost of NZ$ 473 million.
726:
481:
377:
906:
881:
324:
468:
1270:
1248:
981:
1292:
713:
336:
294:
212:
204:
1342:
387:
9 November 2007 – Vector made a submission to the Electricity Commission supporting the main NAan proposal.
376:
2005 – Cable ducts installed alongside the route of the Northern Motorway, during the construction of the
271:
722:
1154:
193:
402:
13 February 2009 – the Commission held a technical briefing in Auckland and called for submissions.
275:
197:
64:
1086:"Final decision on Proposal One in Transpower's North Auckland and Northland Investment Proposal"
802:
738:
315:
185:
172:
The North Auckland and Northland (NAaN) grid upgrade project reinforced transmission into the
270:
The North Auckland and Northland region covers the upper parts of the North Island, north of
208:
177:
433:
414:
31 May 2011 – Tunnel access agreement between Transpower and Vector becomes unconditional.
311:
279:
173:
747:
The ratings of the four cable sections vary slightly, as shown in the following table.
319:
228:
1381:
345:
958:
Mike Wood – Broadleaf Capital International New Zealand Limited (26 February 2009).
730:
356:
transmission line was included as one of the submissions made by Transpower to the
283:
1176:
215:. The estimated total cost of the cable aspects of the works was $ 415 million.
349:
684:
670:
642:
628:
600:
586:
558:
544:
516:
502:
837:
307:
303:
189:
50:
341:
54:
1007:"Transpower's cabling work in the Northern Busway – March to early 2013"
417:
30 March 2012 – First section of cable installed in the Northern Busway
328:
1177:"First section of high voltage cable installed in the Northern Busway"
1061:"Submission on the North Auckland and Northland Grid Upgrade Proposal"
1372:
907:"Annual Planning Report 2012 – Chapter 7 – Northland Regional Plan"
882:"Annual Planning Report 2012 – Chapter 8 – Auckland Regional Plan"
712:
467:
310:
oil-fired thermal power stations at Marsden point . However, the
860:"Transpower commissions the North Auckland and Northland Project"
1367:
380:, between the Auckland Harbour Bridge and Constellation Drive.
1249:"NAan Project : Hobson St to Wairau Rd – Nuts and Bolts"
1199:"Underground cabling factsheet – Pakuranga to Hobson Street"
293:
The North Auckland urban area is growing rapidly. Since the
1343:"NAan Project : Pakuranga to Penrose – Nuts and Bolts"
729:(XLPE) insulated, metal sheathed cables with high density
1318:"Underground cabling factsheet – Albany to Hobson Street"
1108:"Vector and Transpower sign security of supply agreement"
180:. It added new 220 kV transmission capacity to the
340:
run parallel to the 220 kV line via Hepburn Road (
432:
corridor. Where the cables cross the Tamaki River and
982:"Forklift sparks blackout for thousands – tvnz.co.nz"
838:"North Auckland and Northland Grid Upgrade Project"
234:The 220 kV circuit from Pakuranga to Penrose:
159:
151:
143:
135:
127:
119:
114:
106:
98:
93:
85:
75:
70:
60:
46:
38:
30:
25:
20:
1388:Electric power transmission systems in New Zealand
372:Key milestones in the history of the project are:
1224:"Hobson St Substation Redevelopment – Fact Sheet"
960:"Henderson – Otahuhu line – Review of HILP Risks"
937:"North Auckland and Northland Proposal – history"
862:. Transpower – transpower.co.nz. 26 February 2014
176:and across the harbour to North Auckland and the
1133:"Transpower cable $ 53 million boost for Vector"
249:The 220 kV circuit from Penrose to Albany:
1271:"$ 415m cable project to protect power supply"
1039:"Transpower submits $ 521m grid upgrade plans"
480:From the Harbour Bridge the route follows the
243:Whakamaru to Brownhill Road transmission line
203:The project included new grid exit points at
8:
1373:Transpower's National Grid projects website
717:220 kV cable ducts in trefoil configuration
405:2 March 2009 – a public conference was held
931:
929:
927:
1127:
1125:
984:. Television New Zealand. 30 October 2009
21:North Auckland and Northland Grid Upgrade
1155:"Tunnel agreement becomes unconditional"
1001:
999:
749:
331:, and generators in the Waikato region.
1393:Energy infrastructure completed in 2014
1088:. Electricity Commission. 30 April 2009
829:
184:by providing 37 km of underground
241:added to the security provided by the
17:
7:
1012:. Auckland Transport. Archived from
912:. Transpower New Zealand. March 2012
887:. Transpower New Zealand. March 2012
1398:2014 establishments in New Zealand
1298:. Transpower New Zealand. May 2011
274:. It includes the North Shore and
14:
1066:. Vector Limited. 9 November 2007
813:Electricity sector in New Zealand
207:(Auckland CBD) and Wairau Road (
1110:. Vector Limited. 15 June 2010
1041:. NZ Herald. 25 September 2007
160:
1:
1157:. Vector Limited. 31 May 2011
779:Hobson Street to Wairau Road
1273:. NZ Herald. 21 October 2011
1229:. Vector Limited. June 2011
818:Electric power transmission
808:National Grid (New Zealand)
581:Hobson Street sub-station:
1414:
1179:. Transpower. 3 March 2012
751:Ratings of cable sections
743:Three-phase electric power
736:
451:Auckland Southern Motorway
447:1998 Auckland power crisis
348:, with one line going via
288:Marsden Point Oil Refinery
1135:. NZ Herald. 16 June 2011
786:
778:
771:Penrose to Hobson Street
770:
762:
757:
727:cross linked polyethylene
623:Wairau Road sub-station:
612:Hobson Street sub-station
570:Hobson Street sub-station
528:Hobson Street sub-station
449:. The tunnel follows the
211:) and a cable across the
1345:. Transpower New Zealand
1323:. Transpower New Zealand
1293:"Wairau_Road_Fact_Sheet"
1251:. Transpower New Zealand
1204:. Transpower New Zealand
962:. Transpower New Zealand
440:Penrose to Hobson Street
325:coal-fired power station
94:Construction information
939:. Electricity Authority
654:Wairau Road sub-station
497:Pakuranga sub-station:
472:Auckland Harbour Bridge
464:Hobson Street to Albany
318:, and the discovery of
295:Auckland Harbour Bridge
213:Auckland Harbour Bridge
139:37 km (23 mi)
1368:Transpower New Zealand
787:Wairau Road to Albany
718:
473:
358:Electricity Commission
89:Transpower New Zealand
80:Transpower New Zealand
763:Pakuranga to Penrose
737:Further information:
716:
539:Penrose sub-station:
471:
115:Technical information
71:Ownership information
685:36.7395°S 174.6907°E
665:Albany sub-station:
643:36.7805°S 174.7469°E
601:36.8454°S 174.7623°E
559:36.9055°S 174.8177°E
517:36.9261°S 174.9063°E
427:Pakuranga to Penrose
147:800 to 1000 MVA
99:Construction started
1019:on 10 February 2013
752:
680: /
638: /
596: /
554: /
512: /
261:Auckland CBD loads.
803:High-voltage cable
750:
739:High-voltage cable
719:
696:Albany sub-station
690:-36.7395; 174.6907
648:-36.7805; 174.7469
606:-36.8454; 174.7623
564:-36.9055; 174.8177
522:-36.9261; 174.9063
474:
316:1979 energy crisis
794:
793:
170:
169:
123:Underground cable
39:General direction
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368:Project timeline
178:Northland Region
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865:
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826:
799:
745:
721:The cables are
711:
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482:Northern Busway
466:
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434:Pakuranga Creek
429:
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378:Northern Busway
370:
312:1973 oil crisis
280:Rodney District
268:
224:
174:Auckland Region
128:Type of current
12:
11:
5:
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1362:External links
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790:800 MVA
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766:900 MVA
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709:Cable ratings
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110:December 2013
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1014:the original
988:29 September
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840:. Transpower
832:
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731:polyethylene
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188:between the
171:
144:Power rating
136:Total length
102:October 2011
15:
866:22 November
725:conductor,
688: /
675:174°41′27″E
646: /
633:174°44′49″E
604: /
591:174°45′44″E
562: /
549:174°49′04″E
520: /
507:174°54′23″E
209:North Shore
163:of circuits
155:220 kV
42:South-North
34:New Zealand
1382:Categories
824:References
694: (
672:36°44′22″S
652: (
630:36°46′50″S
610: (
588:36°50′43″S
568: (
546:36°54′20″S
526: (
504:36°55′34″S
286:, and the
266:Background
152:AC voltage
422:The route
337:Southdown
308:Marsden B
304:Marsden A
284:Whangārei
276:Waitakere
272:Henderson
190:Pakuranga
51:Pakuranga
1327:31 March
1302:30 March
1277:31 March
1233:29 March
1208:30 March
1161:29 March
1139:30 March
1114:29 March
1092:28 March
1070:29 March
1045:29 March
1023:31 March
966:29 March
943:28 March
844:29 March
797:See also
384:million.
342:Glendene
320:Maui gas
222:Overview
107:Expected
86:Operator
55:Auckland
26:Location
1349:4 April
1255:4 April
916:4 April
891:4 April
758:Rating
350:Māngere
329:Otahuhu
194:Penrose
31:Country
1183:19 May
723:copper
344:) and
314:, the
257:Albany
229:Vector
198:Albany
196:, and
65:Albany
1321:(PDF)
1296:(PDF)
1227:(PDF)
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1064:(PDF)
1017:(PDF)
1010:(PDF)
910:(PDF)
885:(PDF)
492:Sites
186:cable
76:Owner
1351:2012
1329:2012
1304:2012
1279:2012
1257:2012
1235:2012
1210:2012
1185:2012
1163:2012
1141:2012
1116:2012
1094:2012
1072:2012
1047:2012
1025:2012
990:2011
968:2012
945:2012
918:2012
893:2012
868:2017
846:2012
741:and
306:and
131:HVAC
120:Type
47:From
166:One
161:No.
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